乳腺肿块声像图特征与病理组织学的对比研究

乳腺肿块声像图特征与病理组织学的对比研究河北医学院附属四院超声科王燕，刘明瑜邮政编码０５００１１本文观察了２００例乳腺肿块的声像图表现．并对其与病理组织学的关系进行了对比研究。结果表明：（１）肿块的形态及边界回声在一定强度上反映了肿块的生长方式。（２...     

乳腺癌超声征象与病理分型的相关性

乳腺癌是妇女最常见的恶性肿瘤,占妇女癌症死亡率的首位。彩色多普勒超声检查无创伤、操作简便,尤其对致密乳腺的病变检出率较高,已成为我国乳腺癌筛查的主要手段之一。乳腺癌的病理组织学分型具有多样性和复杂性,肿块的声像图表现与其病理组织学特性密切相关,肿块的声像图特征对组织学类型和分级有提示作用。     

对乳腺肿块的超声诊断与术后病理对照分析

目的：探讨乳腺肿块的声像图特征与术后病理特征之间的关系，以期进一步提高良恶性乳腺肿块的诊断率。方法：对215例患，行术前B超检查，术后病理对照。结果：良恶性乳腺肿块的超声声像图特征与病理特征之间关系密切。结论：可通过乳腺各不同良恶性声像图特征与病理特征的关系，有助于更好的为临床服务。     

445例乳腺癌超声图像分析

目的 通过超声检查分析乳腺癌主要声像特征。提高对乳癌的诊断率。方法 对手术病理证实的445例乳癌患者的超声图像进行分析，结果 声像图中，肿块周围声晕不同程度的增厚是恶性肿瘤的重要特征，同时也分析了误诊病例。结论 声像图中的高回声环声像图特征与病理检查结查相符。     

超声诊断盆腔肿块的研究及临床意义

目的：研究不同病理性质女性盆腔肿块的声像图特征，以提高诊断率。方法：应用超声观察457例盆腔肿块声像图特征。结果：肿块内部回声特征与病理结构相关。本组与手术病理对照，超声诊断符合率86％。结论：根据肿块回声特征，结合临床资料，辅以有效的检查方法，有助于盆腔肿块病理性质的诊断。     

鳃裂囊肿的声像图特征与病理对照研究

目的:总结鳃裂囊肿的高频超声声像图特征,提高此类病例超声诊断正确率。材料与方法:回顾性分析21例经手术及病理证实的鳃裂囊肿病例的声像图特征并与病理对照分析。结果:21例肿块均为单发,肿块内部回声主要表现为:无回声型3例;无回声内伴密集点状回声型7例;类实性低回声9例;混合回声型2例。肿块来源于第1鳃裂囊肿7例;第2鳃裂囊肿12例;第3、4鳃裂囊肿2例;超声诊断正确12例(57.1%)。结论:鳃裂囊肿因病理组织学成分的不同使声像图表现多样,鉴别要结合其在颈部解剖位置和声像图特征。     

乳腺腺病的声像图与病理对照分析

目的：分析乳腺腺病的声像图特征。方法：对126例乳腺腺病患的163个肿块的声像图及病理进行回顾性对照分析。结果：不同病理时期的乳腺腺病的声像图表现各异,依其声像图特征分为四种类型,肿块体积通常小于2cm(89％),多数位于乳腺外上象限(71％)。结论：超声对乳腺腺病的诊断及鉴别诊断具有价值,部分缺乏典型声像图特征的患,需病理学检查才可确诊。     

彩色超声在盆腔肿块诊断中的应用

目的探讨不同性质盆腔肿块的声像图特征，以提高诊断及鉴别诊断水平。方法回顾性分析169例盆腔肿块住院病例，并对肿块的超声检查结果与手术病理诊断结果进行对比分析。结果盆腔肿块声像图特征在一定程度上反映病变性质，具有相对特异性。超声诊断与临床诊断结果符合或基本符合163例，诊断符合率96．4％。结论超声诊断盆腔肿块对指导临床诊治具有重要价值。     

超声诊断盆腔肿块的价值分析

目的探讨不同性质女性盆腔肿块的声像图特征，以提高诊断及鉴别诊断水平。方法回顾性分析326例盆腔肿块住院患者病例，进行超声检查诊断与病理诊断对照分析。结果盆腔肿块声像图特征在一定程度上反映病变性质，具有相对特异性，超声诊断符合率86．5％。结论超声诊断盆腔肿块对指导临床诊治具有重要价值。     

盆腔肿块的超声诊断分析

目的 探讨不同性质盆腔肿块的声像图特征，以提高诊断及鉴别诊断水平。方法 回顾性分析169例盆腔肿块住院病例，并对肿块的超声检查结果与手术病理诊断结果进行对比分析。结果 盆腔肿块声像图特征在一定程度上反映病变性质，具有相对特异性。超声诊断与临床诊断结果符合或基本符合163例，诊断符合率96．4％。结论 超声诊断盆腔肿块对指导临床诊治具有重要价值。     

Nodular Fasciitis: Sonographic–Pathologic Correlation

We evaluated nodular fasciitis (NF) in 19 patients, focusing on the correlation between its sonographic and histopathologic features. Sonograms were retrospectively reviewed, and the location, shape, margin, echogenicity, echogenic rim, peripheral hyper-echoic nodules, posterior enhancement and vascularity of the lesions were recorded. In the histopathologic analysis, three patterns—infiltrating, pushing border and well circumscribed—were identified, and culture-like tissue centers were classified according to the distribution of focal keloid-like collagen bundles: uneven or even. For the sonographic–pathologic correlation, most NF cases were inhomogeneously hypo-echoic and had an echogenic rim, with an infiltrating or pushing border pattern. In addition, all NF cases with the infiltrating pattern were observed to have peripheral hyper-echoic nodules in sonograms. Thus, echogenic rims may be associated with the peripheral adipose tissues in infiltrating pattern, and the degree of infiltration may be associated with specific sonographic features of NF.     

Case of right-neck tumor that appears to be ectopic thymus

A 7-year-old female infant presented with an asymptomatic soft tissue mass in the right neck. The tumor was considered to be a benign one because it had a smooth margin and no change in its size was observed. Ultrasonography showed a 4.5-cm-diameter solid tumor with a smooth, well-defined border. Inside the tumor, flow signals were observed on color Doppler and there were numerous echogenic spots. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination showed findings consistent with an ectopic thymus, i.e., T1- and T2-weighted images showed thymus-like signals. The course of the case is being continuously followed.     

Sonographic evaluation of a uterine angiolipoleiomyoma

We report the case of a 51-year-old postmenopausal woman with an angiolipoleiomyoma, a rare mesenchymal uterine tumor, and describe its sonographic appearance. The clinical presentation of these invariably benign tumors often mimics that of uterine leiomyomas, making angiolipoleiomyomas difficult to diagnose correctly before histopathologic evaluation. In this case, sonography performed to determine the cause of the patient's vaginal bleeding showed a sharply marginated, brightly echogenic solid mass adjacent to the echogenic endometrium, without associated shadowing. Histopathologic examination revealed that this tumor was composed of smooth muscle, adipose tissue, fibrous connective tissue, and blood vessels. These sonographic findings, which are unusual for tumors of the uterus, suggest the diagnosis of angiolipoleiomyoma. Accurate diagnosis of these benign tumors could prevent patients from undergoing surgery and would allow appropriate counseling of patients.     

肝脏蠕虫蚴移行症的超声表现

目的总结肝脏蠕虫蚴移行症（LLM）的临床及超声表现特征。方法对10例肝脏蠕虫蚴移行症患者的超声影像资料进行回顾性分析。结果10例患者中8例肝脏轻度肿大,2例肝脏大小正常;肝实质内多发斑片状异常低回声灶46个,其中31个病灶分布于肝脏外围包膜下,直径5—61mm,平均36．9mm,边界清晰或欠清晰,内部回声均匀;37个病灶内见门静脉分支穿行;动态观测病灶具有移行性8例,未见病灶明确移行性2例;10例经驱虫治疗病灶逐渐吸收缩小,直至消失。结论超声检查发现位于肝脏外围实质,呈斑片状低回声、病灶具有移行性的肝内幼虫移行灶,结合临床,有助于作出肝脏蠕虫蚴移行症的正确诊断。     

乳腺叶状肿瘤X线征象分析(附13例报告)

目的:通过对乳腺叶状肿瘤X线征象分析以提高对其X线的诊断水平。材料与方法:回顾性分析13例经手术病理证实的乳腺叶状肿瘤的X线征象。结果:所有肿块均为高密度。13例中,边缘光滑4例,边缘有分叶状7例,边缘不清2例。结论:乳腺叶状肿瘤的良恶性与肿块大小,分叶程度无明显关系。乳腺发现高密度肿块呈分叶状,边缘清晰特别是短期内迅速增大应高度怀疑乳腺叶状肿瘤。     

Imaging sonographic findings of in a case of proliferating trichilemmal tumor of a finger: A case report

Proliferating trichilemmal tumor (PTT) is a rare tumor that originates from the outer root sheath of a hair follicle. About 90% of PTTs occur on the scalp. The sonographic findings of PTT in the subungual region have not been reported previously. In our case, sonography showed a heterogeneous mass containing echogenic foci with no detectable intratumoral vascularity. These echogenic foci probably represent keratin and cholesterol. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 46 :215–217, 2018     

Unusual sonographic appearance of a huge angiomyolipoma of the liver

Hepatic angiomyolipoma is a rare, benign, hepatic mesenchymal neoplasm. We report a case of an extremely large hepatic angiomyolipoma in a 58‐year‐old woman with unusual sonographic features. The tumor was well demarcated from the surrounding liver and showed a heterogeneous cystic appearance with a thick echogenic rim. Color Doppler showed blood flow in the echogenic rim and around the lesion. Contrast sonography demonstrated strong enhancement in the solid rim from early arterial phase to the late phase and no enhancement in the central cystic part of the lesion. Spiral CT showed a well‐defined huge heterogeneous cystic mass with fatty density. At surgery the tumor was soft and encapsulated with a thin, smooth membrane. The cut surface of the tumor revealed a cystic appearance with necrotic tissue. The diagnosis of hepatic angiomyolipoma was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2010     

Significance of preoperative use of ultrasonography in parathyroid neoplasms: comparison of sonographic textures with histologic findings

The sonographic textures of 10 parathyroid tumors in nine patients were examined and compared with their histologic features, particularly with the amount of fibrous trabeculae. The carcinomas containing a large amount of fibrous trabeculae, which is the most frequent finding in parathyroid cancer, were very echogenic. On the other hand, the adenomas without fibrous trabeculae showed a low echogenicity. These data suggest that the possibility of malignancy is high when the parathyroid tumor is found to be very echogenic.     

Wilms' tumor versus neuroblastoma: usefulness of ultrasound in differentiation

Wilms' tumor and neuroblastoma represent the two most common abdominal malignancies of childhood. Sonograms of 46 cases of neuroblastoma and Wilms' tumor were retrospectively reviewed. Wilms' tumor is usually fairly evenly echogenic or evenly echogenic, with discrete holes corresponding to areas of cystic necrosis. Neuroblastoma is usually quite heterogeneous, with irregular hyperechoic areas intermixed with less echogenic areas. A correct diagnosis was made in 23 of 26 "unknown" cases of Wilms' tumor and neuroblastoma on the basis of sonographic findings alone. This series included one case of Wilms' tumor arising outside the kidney and one case of neuroblastoma invading the kidney. Sonograms show relatively distinct patterns for the two tumors based on textural differences and will probably be most useful in those equivocal cases in which the site of tumor origin is uncertain.     

超声探查甲状腺强回声灶在甲状腺肿瘤鉴别诊断中的研究进展

甲状腺恶性肿瘤是最常见的内分泌肿瘤,甲状腺强回声灶(即钙化)是甲状腺结节中的常见超声表现,但也是最令人疑惑的超声表现,为了全面地了解超声探查发现的甲状腺强回声灶在甲状腺肿瘤中的评估价值,本文就超声探查强回声灶在甲状腺肿瘤中的新近研究作一综述。