Vitamin supplements to Indian women using low dosage oral contraceptives

Effect of continuous and intermittent vitamin supplements on vitamin status, serum proteins and lipids were examined in Indian women of low-income group, receiving a low-dose oral contraceptive over a period of 3-6 months. To find out non-specific time related changes, vitamin supplemented and unsupplemented control groups of non-OC users were also examined. OC treatment did not change serum chemistry significantly. The significant biochemical changes were: altered tryptophan metabolism and elevated plasma vitamin A levels. Former could be prevented by administering multivitamins containing 10 mg vitamin B6 daily or twice the dose daily for the 7 non-hormone days in the cycle. Vitamin supplements produced significant improvement in pre-existing deficiencies of riboflavin, pyridoxine and folic acid. Continuous supplementation regimen was slightly superior, but more expensive than the intermittent supplementation regimen. In view of the high prevalence of vitamin deficiency among the low-income group women of developing countries, the delivery system for oral contraceptive can be effectively used for giving vitamin supplements as well.     

Vitamin B6, iron and folacin status of pregnant women

Vitamin B₆, iron and folacin status was evaluated and the outcome of pregnancy determined in 43 participants in the Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) and compared to that of 58 control subjects. The dietary vitamin B₆ and iron intake was higher (p<0.05) in the WIC group than in the control group, and WIC participants had higher (p<0.05) transferrin saturation levels than non-participants. The vitamin B₆, iron and folacin status based on both dietary and biochemical parameters was less than adequate in significant portions of both groups. WIC participation had a beneficial effect on the birthweights of infants whose mothers smoked during pregnancy.     

UPLC同时测定食品中黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2

目的:建立免疫亲和柱超高效液相色谱法测定食品中黄曲霉毒素B1,B2,G1和G2含量的方法。方法:试样经过甲醇-水提取、稀释后经过免疫亲和柱层析净化,应用超高液相色谱法检测。结果:试验结果表明:空白样品分别按照0.2μg/kg、0.8μg/kg、2.0μg/kg添加黄曲霉毒素混合标准,回收率为75.0%～90.4%,精密度<5%,黄曲霉毒素B1,B2,G1和G2的检测灵敏度分别为0.2μg/kg,0.2μg/kg,0.4μg/kg,0.2μg/kg。结论:免疫亲和柱净化超高效液相色谱法测定食品中黄曲霉毒素B1,B2,G1,G2含量,是一种简单、快速和准确的方法。     

HPLC柱后衍生同时测定黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2的探讨

目的:建立黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2的高效液相色谱柱后衍生检测方法。方法:样品通过高效液相色谱柱分离后,进入柱后衍生装置与碘溶液发生反应,最后进入荧光检测器进行检测。结果:该方法的检出限AFB1、AFG2为0.03μg/kg、AFB2为0.01μg/kg、AFG1为0.05μg/kg。结论:方法灵敏度高,准确度好,操作简单,实用性强,可用于黄曲霉毒素的检测。     

云南白药、维生素B2及维生素E合剂治疗复发性口腔溃疡的临床观察

目的:探讨云南白药、维生素B2及维生素E合剂治疗口腔溃疡的疗效。方法:选择我院2010年1月-2011年12月就诊的口腔溃疡患者56例,分为实验组(n=28)和对照组(n=28),对照组采用冰硼散治疗,实验组用云南白药、维生素B2及维生素E合剂治疗,观察比较两组患者治疗有效率及平均愈合时间进行疗效评价。结果:实验组治疗后有效率、愈合时间都明显优于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:云南白药、维生素B2及维生素E合剂治疗复发性口腔溃疡疗效确切,值得推广。     

Uterine response to prostaglandin E2 under oral contraceptives

The effect of prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) on the non-pregnant human uterus was evaluated in 35 patients. The compound was administered both by the i.v. and intra-uterine routes. Two groups of volunteers were studied; fifteen cases who were under oral contraceptives and twenty women with normal ovulatory cycles. The latter group served as the control group. The uterus under the influence of oral contraceptives showed a markedly reduced response to i.v. injections of PGE₂ at all phases of the menstrual cycles. However, the response at mid-cycle to local instillation of the compound was contradictory in the two groups, i.e. local intra-uterine instillation of PGE₂ induced uterine stimulation in pill users as compared to the usually observed uterine inhibition in ovulatory (control) cases around mid-cycle. In the proliferative and luteal phases (early and late in the cycle), the response to intra-uterine injections was qualitatively similar in the two groups but greatly reduced quantitatively in the pill user group. The implications of these findings in certain physiological processes and pathological conditions related to reproduction are discussed.     

Urinary excretion of vitamin B1, B2, B6, niacin,pantothenic acid,folate, and vitamin C correlates with dietary intakes of free-living elderly,female Japanese

We hypothesized that 24-hour urinary excretion of water-soluble vitamins might correlate with their intake in free-living Japanese elderly females aged 70 to 84 years. We performed a cross-sectional study composed of 37 healthy, elderly, Japanese females living freely. All foods and the corresponding weights consumed for 4 consecutive days were recorded accurately. A 24-hour urine sample was collected on the fourth day, and the urinary content of water-soluble vitamins was measured. The urinary levels of all vitamins, except for B₁₂ (r = 0.01; P = .936), were correlated positively with the mean intake over the recent 4 days (vitamin B₁: r = 0.62; P < .001; vitamin B₂: r = 0.57; P < .001; vitamin B₆: r = 0.37; P < .005; niacin: r = 0.54; P < .001; niacin equivalents: r = 0.54; P < .001; pantothenic acid: r = 0.59; P < .001; folate: r = 0.55; P = .001; and vitamin C: r = 0.53; P < .001). Mean estimated intakes of water-soluble vitamins calculated using urinary concentrations and recovery rates showed 96% to 107% of their 3-day mean intake, except for vitamin B₁₂ (65%). We conclude that urinary levels of water-soluble vitamins, except for B₁₂, reflected their recent intake in free-living Japanese elderly females and could be used as a measure of their intake during the previous few days both for group means and for individual rankings within a group.     

柱前衍生高效液相色谱法测定食品中黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2

目的:通过采用多功能小柱,利用高效液相色谱仪对食品中黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2同时进行检测。方法:样品经体积分数为90%的乙腈溶液提取,提取液通过多功能小柱净化、浓缩,三氟乙酸(TFA)柱前衍生,C18色谱柱分离,荧光检测器检测,外标法定量。结果:4种黄曲霉毒素经过衍生后线性良好,对添加黄曲霉毒素的样品进行加标回收,回收率在80.4%~94.5%,精密度<10%。结论:该方法操作简便,线性范围广,效果良好。     

Six-month carbohydrate metabolism studies in women using oral contraceptives containing gestodene and ethinyl estradiol

Twenty-five women had their carbohydrate metabolism prospectively evaluated during the six months that they used a gestodene and ethinyl estradiol monophasic oral contraceptive. Serum glucose and insulin levels were measured during a 75-gram three-hour oral glucose tolerance test. At the six-month test, the three-hour glucose and the fasting and three-hour insulin values were significantly elevated. The literature on carbohydrate metabolism during gestodene oral contraceptive use is also reviewed.     

Social and health related characteristics of women using oral contraceptives

Users of oral contraceptives tend to differ in some socioeconomic and health related characteristics from nonusers. These differences were documented in a 1968–1969 household survey in the Baltimore Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area. Analysis of responses from 653 women aged 18–44 revealed that oral contraceptive users were more apt to be young, married women with one child and tended not to be in the highest income or education brackets. While smokers were not significantly more likely to be users than nonsmokers, heavy smokers were more likely to be users than light smokers. On the average, three-fifths of women in both study groups were using medicines other than oral contraceptives. The high rates of other medicines used, both prescribed and nonprescribed, raise the question of whether other medicines used concurrently with oral contraceptives may be contributing to side effects attributed to use of oral contraceptives.     

Intake of vitamins B1, B2, C, A and E estimated on the basis of analysis of weekly diets of 19 Finnish hospitals

Contents of vitamins B₁, B₂, C, A and E were determined and intakes of these vitamins calculated in homogenized weekly diets collected from 19 central hospitals throughout Finland. In addition, the possibility of using the hospital diet data to estimate the level of average daily vitamin intake in Finland was evaluated. This was facilitated by comparing the daily food consumption in hospitals with the average daily food consumption in Finland and assessing the average vitamin intake of Finnish people accordingly. Intakes of vitamins A, B₂;and C (1600 RE, 2.9 mg and 148.9 mg day^?1, respectively) exceeded the recommendations for hospital diets. On the other hand, mean intakes of vitamins E and B₁(8.9 and 1.0 mg day^?1, respectively) were slightly below the recommendations. Comparison of daily food consumption from hospital diets with the average daily food consumption in Finland suggests that average Finnish intakes of vitamins B₁and E are close to the intake values obtained from the hospital diets studied.     

Biosynthesis of platelet lipids in relation to aggregation in women using oral contraceptives

The platelet lipid biosynthesis in relation to platelet aggregation and lipemia was studied by ¹⁴C-acetate and-mevalonate incorporation into platelets of seventeen women without medication and of eighteen women using a low estrogen oral contraceptive. The lipid biosynthesis was significantly increased by 59 % (mevalonate) and 38 % (acetate) in women on oral contraceptives. From mevalonate, lipid synthesis was increased mostly in the lanosterol-dihydrolanosterol fraction (p < .01). From acetate, lipid synthesis was significantly enhanced in all the lipid classes. In the oral contraceptive group, the response of platelets to thrombin aggregation was only slightly higher, but HDL-cholesterol was significantly lower. However, in the women using oral contraceptives, the percentage of abnormal values in HDL-cholesterol, thrombin-aggregation and acetate incorporation into lanosterol was similar. p ]Thus, more than 40 % of the women studied here, using low estrogen oral contraceptives, presented an increase in platelet lipid biosynthesis, especially in the lanosterol-dihydrolanosterol fraction, which was significantly correlated (p < .05) with the response of their platelets to thrombin-induced aggregation.