抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体和类风湿因子在类风湿关节炎中的意义

目的评价抗环瓜氨酸肽(CCP)抗体和类风湿因子(RF)在类风湿关节炎(RA)中的意义。方法收集60例RA患者及60例非RA患者,测定其抗CCP抗体和RF水平,评价对RA诊断的敏感性、特异性,比较RA患者中抗CCP抗体、阴性组的压痛关节数、肿胀关节数、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、疾病活动指数(DAS)。结果抗CCP抗体的特异度为92.9%,联合检测抗CCP抗体和RF有任何一种及以上阳性的灵敏度最高,为95.5%。抗CCP抗体阳性组与阴性组的关节肿胀数、关节压痛数、ESR、CRP、DAS差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论抗CCP抗体与RF联合检测对诊断RA有意义,抗CCP抗体与RA的活动度相关。     

抗环瓜氨酸肽(CCP)抗体与类风湿关节炎病情活动度及关节损害的关系探讨

目的:分析抗环瓜氨酸肽(CCP)抗体对类风湿关节炎(RA)的诊断和评估意义,探讨抗CCP抗体与RA的病情活动度、关节侵蚀的关系。方法:用ELISA检测32例RA患者血清和关节液中的抗CCP抗体,并测定类湿因子(RF),记录RA患者的一些临床参数。对检测结果及临床参数进行统计分析。结果:抗CCP抗体阳性组与阴性组相比,年龄、关节肿胀个数、关节疼痛个数、DAS28、血沉及CRP等没有显著性差异(P0.05);类风湿因子的阳性率在两组间的差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。抗CCP抗体与年龄、关节肿胀个数、关节疼痛个数、DAS28、ESR和CRP等相关无显著性差异;抗CCP抗体与RF因子呈明显相关(r=0.639,P=0.001)。DAS28评分与关节肿胀个数、关节疼痛个数、DAS28、ESR和CRP显著相关,与年龄因素呈正相关,与类风湿因子的相关无统计学意义。结论:抗CCP抗体对RA的预后有一定的评估作用。     

抗CCP抗体在类风湿关节炎早期诊断中的意义及与病情相关性分析

目的:探究抗瓜氨酸多肽(CCP)抗体作为类风湿关节炎(RA)早期诊断指标的灵敏度和特异性。方法:选取80例类风湿关节炎患者为实验组,80例非类风湿关节炎患者为对照组,检测患者血清中的抗CCP抗体和类风湿因子(RF),比较两者在RA与非RA阳性检出率的差异。利用DAS28软件对RA患者进行DAS28评估并分析其与抗CCP抗体水平的相关性。结果:RF与抗CCP抗体对RA的灵敏度分别为70.4%和67.9%,无统计学差异(P>0.05),其特异性分别为72.3%和94.8%差异显著(P<0.05);抗CCP抗体的水平与RA患者的DAS28得分相关度R=0.913,两者高度相关。结论:抗CCP抗体作为RA的早期诊断指标具有较高的特异性,适于作为临床诊断指标。     

血清铁蛋白在类风湿性关节炎诊治中的价值

目的探讨血清铁蛋白在类风湿性关节炎(RA)疾病诊治和判断疾病活动度的价值。方法收集89例确诊为RA的患者(RA组),收集同期体检的92例健康者(对照组),并根据DAS28进一步分活动期和缓解期,分别检测各组血清铁蛋白、抗环瓜氨酸肽(抗CCP)抗体、C-反应蛋白(CRP)和ESR,并进行统计分析。结果 RA组患者血清铁蛋白水平显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),活动期的血清铁蛋白也显著高于缓解期,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。SFe与DAS28呈正相关(r=0.485,P0.05),而与CRP、ESR和抗CCP抗体无相关性(P0.05)。结论血清铁蛋白不仅可作为RA诊断指标之一,而且是评价RA患者疾病活动性的重要指标。     

第3代抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体在类风湿性关节炎诊断中的应用

目的 探讨第3代抗环瓜氨酸肽（CCP3）抗体在类风湿性关节炎（rheumatoid arthritis,RA）中的应用价值.方法 收集就诊的RA患者45例（RA组）,骨性关节炎（osteoarthritis,OA）和强直性脊柱炎（ankylosing sporidylitis,AS）患者共40例（OA和AS组）,健康体检者40例（对照组）,检测各组血清抗CCP3抗体及类风湿因子（rheumatoid factor,RF）水平,采用ROC曲线评价其对RA的诊断价值,采用平行试验分析两种抗体联合检测的诊断价值,并分析检测指标与X线分期的相关性.结果 RA组抗CCP3抗体及RF阳性率分别为71.11％、66.67％,高于对照组（5.00％、12.50％）,高于OA和AS组（7.50％、17.50％）,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.抗CCP3抗体对RA诊断的敏感性为71.11％,特异性为93.75％,ROC曲线下面积（AUC）为0.844.RF对RA诊断的敏感性为66.67％,特异性为85.00％,AUC为0.763.抗CCP3抗体与RF联合检测的诊断敏感性为77.78％,特异性为81.25％,准确度为80.00％.抗CCP3抗体与患者X线分期成正相关（r=0.442,P＜0.01）.结论 抗CCP3抗体检测对RA具有较高的诊断和预后价值,抗CCP3抗体与RF联合检测将有助于提高RA的诊断率.抗CCP3抗体及RF均具有鉴别RA与OA、AS的临床价值.     

类风湿性关节炎患者的IgG4与白细胞介素-21水平的相关分析

目的观察类风湿性关节炎(RA)患者的免疫球蛋白G4(IgG4)水平变化,并探讨其与白细胞介素-21(IL-21)水平的相关性。方法选择2016年2月-2017年2月在湖南省人民医院治疗的RA患者47例(RA组),健康体检者30例(对照组),分别采用免疫散射比浊法和酶联免疫吸附法检测待检者血清中的IgG4及IL-21水平,并分析IgG4与IL-21水平及其他临床指标的相关性。结果 RA组IgG4和IL-21水平均高于对照组(t值分别为3.162、2.522,P0.05);IgG4与IL-21呈正相关(r=0.238,P0.05);RA患者中IgG4与类风湿因子和DAS28水平呈正相关(r值分别为0.373、0.384,P0.05)、与抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体(抗CCP)无明显相关性;IL-21与抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体呈正相关(r=0.315,P0.05),与类风湿因子、DAS28无明显相关性。结论在RA患者中IgG4及IL-21呈高表达且二者具有相关性,与疾病的发生发展可能有一定的关系。     

血清中葡萄糖-6-磷酸异构酶抗原的检测在类风湿性关节炎中的意义

目的:探讨葡萄糖-6-磷酸异构酶(GPI)检测、及与抗环瓜氨酸多肽(CCP)抗体、类风湿因子(RF)联合检测在RA诊断中的价值。方法:用ELISA双抗体夹心法检测RA组、OA组和正常对照组GPI、抗CCP抗体和RF水平。结果:RA组GPI(1.9±1.3)mg/L、OA组(0.22±0.08)mg/L(P<0.01)、正常对照组(0.14±0.07)mg/L(P<0.01);GPI在RA活动组和非活动组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);同时其对RA的灵敏度、特异度均高于抗CCP抗体、RF。经pearson检验,GPI与RA病人DAS28评分正相关(r=0.456,P<0.01)。结论:血清GPI对诊断RA、尤其是活动期RA有相对较高灵敏度和特异度、可作为RA诊断和评估的实验室指标。     

化学发光免疫测定抗CCP抗体对类风湿关节炎的诊断价值

目的探讨化学发光免疫测定法(chemiluminescent immunoassay,CLIA)检测抗环瓜氨酸肽(抗CCP)抗体对类风湿关节炎(RA)的诊断价值。方法应用化学发光免疫测定法对85例RA患者(RA组)、57例其他风湿免疫性疾病患者(包括10例系统性红斑狼疮、11例强直性脊柱炎、19例结缔组织病、17例干燥综合征)进行抗CCP抗体检测,并同时测定类风湿因子(RF)、免疫球蛋白G(Ig G)和C反应蛋白(CRP)进行联合分析。结果 RA组的抗CCP抗体、RF的水平和阳性率均明显高于非RA组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);Ig G、CRP的水平和阳性率在2组中比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。抗CCP抗体阳性的RA患者的CRP水平显著高于抗CCP抗体阴性的RA患者,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。CLIA检测抗CCP抗体的敏感度为77.6%,特异性为87.7%。结论化学发光免疫测定抗CCP抗体具有较满意的特异性,但灵敏度仍较低,临床应联合检测RF,以减少对RA的漏诊,提高RA的诊断水平。     

抗突变型瓜氨酸波形蛋白抗体在类风湿关节炎诊疗中的应用

目的了解抗突变型瓜氨酸波形蛋白(MCV)抗体在类风湿关节炎(RA)诊断和治疗中的临床价值。方法选取本院2016年1月-2018年10月的200例RA患者,60例其他风湿性疾病患者,60例健康者,同时检测患者血清抗MCV抗体、抗环瓜氨酸肽(CCP)抗体和类风湿因子(RF)水平,分析其在各组中的浓度及在RA诊断中的价值,并监测这3种抗体在治疗3个月和治疗6个月时的浓度变化情况。结果分别以试剂盒参考值和ROC图做RA的诊断分析,抗MCV抗体的敏感度均最高,分别为80.50%和93.10%;抗CCP抗体的特异度最高,分别为92.66%和89.20%。抗MCV抗体和抗CCP抗体浓度在RA活动组与稳定组、RA关节正常组与滑膜炎组、滑膜炎组与骨质侵蚀组间差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。在治疗缓解的RA患者中,抗MCV抗体浓度在治疗3个月后就有显著性下降(P0.05),抗CCP抗体浓度在治疗6个月后才出现显著性降低(P0.05)。结论抗MCV抗体在RA诊断中具有较高的临床价值,其浓度与RA疾病的骨关节损伤进展相关性密切,并在治疗早期即能反映疗效。     

联合检测ICTP、抗CCP抗体等在类风湿关节炎早期诊断中的临床研究

目的:探讨Ⅰ型胶原吡啶交联终肽(ICTP)、抗环瓜氨酸肽(CCP)抗体及其它相关实验指标血清水平和联合检测在早期RA诊断与病情监测中的应用。方法:对入选的确诊早期RA116例、非RA组57例、正常对照组48例分别测定ICTP、抗CCP抗体、RF、CRP等,并记录相应的临床指标如性别、年龄、病程、晨僵时间、关节受累数等。结果:(1)抗CCP抗体、RF、CRP在RA各组血清水平均高于非RA组及对照组(P0.05),抗CCP抗体在非RA组与正常对照组间比较,差别则无统计学意义(P0.05);ICTP在中晚期显示较高含量,显著高于其它各组(P0.05),早期RA组与非RA组中ICTP量值比较差别不明显(P0.05),但与正常对照比较,均有差别(P0.05)。(2)单项检测中对早期RA诊断的敏感性最高为RF,特异性指标最高为抗CCP抗体,抗CCP抗体等联合检测可提高对早期RA诊断的特异性,ICTP、抗CCP抗体、RF、CRP四项联合检测特异性达100%。(3)早期RA患者中多关节受累组和骨侵蚀组的血清ICTP、抗CCP抗体、RF、CRP水平均显著高于少关节受累组和无骨侵蚀组(P0.05);血清ICTP、抗CCP抗体等与关节受累、骨侵蚀相关。(4)单纯使用非甾类抗炎药(NSAIDs)治疗早期RA患者,ICTP水平有上升趋势;患者采用抗风湿缓解药(DMARDs)治疗,ICTP半年内血清水平前后比较差别无统计学意义(P0.05),抗CCP抗体在治疗后水平降低(P0.05)。结论:联合检测抗CCP抗体、ICTP、RF等,可提高早期RA诊断的准确性,有重要临床意义;动态联合检测可有效监测RA病情进展及评价临床疗效;ICTP及抗CCP抗体能作为常规用于RA临床观察的实验室重点指标。     

Availability of 4'galactosyllactose (O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1----4)-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1----4)- D-glucopyranose) in rat

O-beta-D-Galactopyranosyl-(1----4)-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1----4)-D- glucopyranose (designated as 4'GL) is produced from lactose by Cryptococcus laurentii. The influence of chronic ingestion of 4'GL on body weight gain, organ weight, serum lipids, and liver lipids was investigated in rats. The body weight gains of the 5% and 10% 4'GL-diet groups were higher than that of the control group. Food intake and fecal dry weight were significantly increased (p less than 0.05) by 4'GL feeding. The 4'GL diet produced a significant increase (p less than 0.01) in the wet weight and contents of both the cecum and the colon. However, no significant increase was observed in the weight of the stomach, small intestine, liver, or other organs. The effects of 4'GL on serum and liver lipid levels were not observed in this experiment. The digestion of 4'GL was measured in vitro using the artificial gastric juice, alpha-amylase of human saliva, alpha-amylase of hog pancreas, and mucosa of rat intestine. 4'GL was not hydrolyzed by these enzymes. Long-term ingestion of 4'GL did not cause any induction of 4'GL hydrolyzing enzyme activity in the rat small intestine.     

蚊虫防治(四)——蚊幼防治技术

7 蚊幼防治技术 7．1 控制和消除孳生条件 蚊虫的卵、幼虫、蛹皆生活在水中，它们的发育成长都有赖于水的存在，因此管好积水，消除蚊虫孳生场所，是防治蚊虫的根本措施。由于各类蚊虫对水体的性质要求有所不同（表5），因此控制不同类型的积水，可相应地控制某些蚊种。各种孳生场所的控制方法如下：     

鼠的防治(四)--鼠的防治方法与灭鼠剂

5 鼠的防治方法 5.1 防鼠一个地区鼠密度的高低,与鼠的栖息和食物条件密切相关.如果只灭鼠,而不采取防鼠措施,原有的栖息和食物条件未改变,则鼠密度在下降后,又可因鼠旺盛的生殖力而很快恢复到原有水平.如果改变了适于鼠的生活条件,做好防鼠工作,可以间接控制鼠的数量,提高灭鼠效果和巩固灭鼠成果.     

可视人真实可视化的突出进展Voxel—Man（4）

3.6 Voxel-Man用于古人类生物学研究 人类生物学研究是另一个方面的应用. 分析和研究人类化石的颅内特征是研究人类进化过程的新领域.利用Voxel-Man处理化石的CT数据集,可以在消除沉积的情况下生成颅骨的完整3D重构,如图72所示.所用的人类颅骨化石取自肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚.这是IDM开辟的医学图像处理的一个新的领域.     

New models of endoscopes (EGDB-VO-4, SK-VO-4)

Two new flexible endoscopes (EGDB-VO-4, SK-VO-4) designed for examinations and intracavitary interventions in the upper and lower portions of the digestive tract are described. Specifications are given with special references to the design features as compared to the earlier models.     

Evaluation of the French version of the 4-item index of the Acne-QoL (AcneQ4fr)

Background

The 4-item index of the 19-item Acne-Quality of Life (Acne-QoL) has been validated in English (AcneQ4). French translation and linguistic validation of the Acne-QoL have recently been completed (Acne-QoLfr).

Purpose

This study sought to evaluate reliability and responsivity of the French version of the AcneQ4 (AcneQ4fr).

Methods

Calculation of intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and regression modeling was performed to evaluate reliability (comparing Day 0 to Day 2–3 responses) and responsivity (comparing Day 0 to Day 60+ responses).

Results

Thirty-four native French-speaking acne subjects in Quebec, Canada (n = 20) and France (n = 14) completed the Acne-QoLfr on 3 occasions over 3 months (Day 0, Day 2–3, and Day 60+). Of 14 completed responses for Day 0 and Day 2–3, ICC for AcneQ4fr was 0.73 (with 95 % confidence interval (0.348, 0.905) and P value 0.001), and mean score difference was 0.85 (range of possible scores for AcneQ4fr: 0–24; P = 0.41). Of 19 completed responses for Day 0 and Day 60+, ICC for Acne-Q4fr was 0.45 (with 95 % confidence interval (0.046, 0.728) and P value 0.015) and mean score difference was 4.14 (P = 0.001).

Conclusions

The abbreviated AcneQ4fr is somewhat reflective of the entire Acne-QoLfr and by its brevity may facilitate psychometric evaluation of francophone acne patients in routine practice.     

Utilization and metabolism of [U-14C]4' galactosyllactose (O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1----4)-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1----4)- D-glucopyranose) in rats

O-beta-D-Galactopyranosyl-(1----4)-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl- (1----4)-D-glucopyranose (designated as 4'GL) are produced from lactose with Cryptococcus laurentii OKN-4. Excretion and metabolism of 4'GL in rats were examined using a radioisotope technique. [U-14c]4'GL was synthesized from [U-14C]lactose by Cryptococcus laurentii OKN-4. The 14CO2 in expired air was counted after oral administration of [U-14C]4'GL or [U-14C]lactose in conventional rats, rats treated with antibiotics and germ-free rats. The rate of 14CO2 excretion from conventional rats given [U-14C]4'GL was slower than that from those administered [U-14C]lactose. When [U-14C]4'GL was orally administered to rats given antibiotics, there was a 2-h delay in 14CO2 excretion, as compared to conventional rats. In germ-free rats, total excretion of 14CO2 from [U-14C]-4'GL decreased to about one-third of that of conventional rats during a 24-h period. Radioactivities in the serum, liver, and carcass of the [U-14C]4'GL oral administration group were lower than those of the [U-14C]lactose oral administration group. Radioactivities in the feces and urine however, were higher in [U-14C]4'GL group than in [U-14C]lactose group.     

Conformationally constrained analogues of N'-(4-tert-butylbenzyl)-N-(4-methylsulfonylaminobenzyl)thiourea as TRPV1 antagonists

A series of bicyclic analogues having indan and tetrahydronaphthalene templates in the A-region were designed as conformationally constrained analogues of our previously reported potent TRPV1 antagonists (1, 3). The activities for rat TRPV1 of the conformationally restricted analogues were moderately or markedly diminished, particularly in the case of the tetrahydronaphthalene analogues. The analysis indicated that steric constraints at the benzylic position in the bicyclic analogues may be an important factor for their unfavorable interaction with the receptor.