血清蛋白指纹图谱筛选乳腺癌血清标记物的意义

目的 探讨利用血清蛋白指纹图谱筛选乳腺癌血清标记物对乳腺癌临床诊断的价值和意义.方法利用美国蛋白芯片系统PBS II/C型 包括蛋白指纹图谱仪和蛋白质芯片检测42例乳腺癌患者血清蛋白质的相对含量,同时以42例正常人血清作对照.结果 在乳腺癌患者和正常人患者中共发现三个表达峰有统计学差异的蛋白质,其质荷比分别为4800Da、6410Da和9300Da,其灵敏性89.3%、特异性92.7%,显示这三个血清标记物对乳腺癌诊断诊断效果明显.结论 血清蛋白指纹图谱技术在筛选乳腺癌血清标记物的数据可靠,能够应用于乳腺癌的生物学诊断中来,应该加以推广.     

双向电泳筛选矽肺模型大鼠肺组织差异蛋白

目的应用双向电泳技术筛选矽肺相关蛋白。方法对Wistar雄性大鼠气管灌注法染尘,于1、2、4、8周处死大鼠,观察矽肺模型情况,提取总蛋白进行双向电泳(2-DE)筛选差异蛋白,后通过表面加强激光解吸电离-飞行时间质谱(SELDI-TOF-MS)进行鉴定。结果至8周时肺组织中矽结节及纤维化明显,双向电泳共分离出45个差异点,质谱分析后得到Prx-1、alpha-enolase、macrophage-capping protein、GAPDH、S-100A8、actin 6个差异蛋白。结论双向电泳技术获得了矽肺模型大鼠的肺组织差异蛋白点,质谱分析得到差异蛋白。     

乳腺癌细胞凋亡相关蛋白的研究进展

本文对乳腺癌细胞凋亡相关蛋白,如Caspase家族蛋白、Bcl-2家族蛋白、P53蛋白、IAP家族蛋白等的激活、表达以及调控做了研究。     

乳腺癌及相关蛋白

乳腺癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。近年来,乳腺癌的发病率有逐年上升的趋势,且发病年龄也变得越来越年轻。随着人们对乳腺癌研究的不断深入,乳腺癌的分子学特征及蛋白表达情况也变得越来越复杂,不断有新的分子特征及其相关蛋白被发现,这些新的发现对临床治疗及预后评估起到了不同程度的作用。就一些与乳腺癌相关的基因及蛋白表达做一综述。     

SELDI检测结核血清蛋白指纹图谱及与同类研究比较

目的利用SELDI技术筛选肺结核患者血清差异表达蛋白并与同类研究的结果进行比较。方法采用SELDI-TOF-MS筛选30例肺结核患者和30例正常对照血清的差异表达蛋白,建立诊断模型;对105例样本进行盲法验证;与同类研究比较寻找共同差异表达蛋白。结果 SELDI筛选出86个差异有统计学意义的蛋白(P﹤0.05)。从中筛选出了6个最具有诊断价值的潜在标志蛋白建立诊断模型,该诊断模型的ROC曲线下面积为0.983;盲法验证ROC曲线下面积为0.837。与同类研究比较发现,11个差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.001)的差异表达蛋白在本研究中重现。结论肺结核病人与对照的血清蛋白图谱存在差异,两个独立实验共同得到的11个差异表达蛋白与结核病的关系值得深入研究。     

幽门螺杆菌对胃黏膜上皮细胞作用后的差异蛋白鉴定

目的:鉴定幽门螺杆菌(Hp)与宿主细胞(AGS)作用后的差异蛋白。方法:应用双向电泳分离TN2株与AGS细胞相互作用前后的蛋白,应用ImageMaster 2Dv3.1软件对蛋白图谱进行比较,对目的蛋白进行基质辅助激光解析及电离飞行时间质谱分析,应用Mascot软件进行蛋白搜库。结果:共监测到2个差异蛋白斑点,经质谱分析鉴定为2种蛋白,分别是热休克蛋白60和烷基过氧化还原酶。结论:对热休克蛋白60深入研究表明,热休克蛋白60可能进入AGS细胞或结合于AGS细胞膜上,相关幽门螺杆菌感染宿主细胞后续致病过程尚待进一步研究。     

热休克蛋白70在乳腺癌中的表达

目的 探讨乳腺癌组织中热休克蛋白70(HSP70)表达水平及其临床意义.方法 用免疫印迹法检测47例乳腺癌组织和43例良性乳腺病变组织中HSP70的表达.结果 HSP70在乳腺癌组织中的表达水平(142 582)升高.与良性乳腺病变组织(40 449)相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);乳腺癌HSP70的表达与临床分期、淋巴结是否转移及肿瘤直径有关(P<0.05),而与年龄、月经状况及组织学分型无关(P>0.05).结论 HSP70在乳腺癌组织中存在一定程度的异常表达.提示,在乳腺癌的发病机制中可能发挥一定作用.     

蛋白指纹图谱诊断肿瘤

浙江省肿瘤医院与北京协和医院将蛋白指纹图谱技术(EPG)用于肿瘤诊断,不久前已正式用于临床检测。蛋白指纹图谱技术通过对蛋白质动态、全景的分析,获得待检标本中各种蛋白分子量及其含量等信息,绘制成蛋白指纹图谱(EPG),通过计算机软件与正常人、亚健康状态人群、良性疾     

卵巢癌细胞系中差异表达蛋白的相关性研究

目的:筛查卵巢癌细胞系中差异表达蛋白,寻找与卵巢癌发生发展相关的基因。方法:体外培养卵巢癌细胞系SKOV-3、A2780、OVCA433、OVCA420和正常卵巢细胞系IOSE386,利用蛋白阵列方法分析卵巢癌细胞系和正常卵巢细胞系中蛋白表达的差异性;利用QUANTITY 1分析软件分析图片结果,并对图片结果进行统计学分析。结果:分析发现卵巢癌细胞系中17种蛋白的表达水平相对于正常卵巢细胞系差异有统计学意义。结论:卵巢癌细胞系和正常卵巢细胞系存在着差异表达蛋白,这些蛋白可能与卵巢癌的发生发展存在着一定的相关性。     

乳腺癌中生存蛋白基因的表达及其意义

目的研究观察乳腺癌中生存蛋白(survivin)基因的表达以及其与乳腺癌的病理学特征之间的关系。方法应用免疫组织化学SP法回顾性分析和检测66例乳腺癌survivin基因的表达并与乳腺纤维腺瘤和乳腺癌旁正常乳腺组织相比较。结果survivin在乳腺癌组织中的阳性表达率明显高于乳腺纤维腺瘤组织和正常乳腺组织(P<0.025)。survivin在乳腺癌有局部淋巴结转移组的阳性率明显高于无淋巴结转移组(P<0.01),survivin在不同病理类型和TNM分期间的阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论survivin基因在乳腺癌的转移过程中发挥重要作用。其对判定乳腺癌病灶的潜在转移能力和患者病情发展及预后有一定的参考价值。     

Breast Cancer Screening among Employed American Women

Abstract

From the 1990 National Health Interview Survey Health Promotion and Disease Prevention supplement, the authors estimated the 1990 baseline prevalence of breast cancer screening among employed U.S. women aged 50–70 years. Proportions of women screened for breast cancer were calculated by occupational category and demographic characteristics, and were compared with the Healthy People 2000 objective that 60% of women aged 50 and older have had mammography and a clinical breast examination within the preceding two years. The objective was exceeded for white-collar workers (61.8%) and workers with some college (64.1%), but was not met by any blue-collar/service workers (40.8%); or any workers with only a high school diploma (54.7%) or less than a high school diploma (38.5%). Identification of occupational categories and demographic subgroups among working women will be helpful to those planning breast cancer screening program, in both the public and the private sectors.     

宫颈癌与乳腺癌筛查信息系统设计与实现

目的将现代信息技术引入宫颈癌、乳腺癌筛查工作,以提高两癌筛查工作的服务和管理水平。方法基于北京市妇幼保健信息系统二期开发建设,对两癌筛查子系统进行升级改造。结果两癌筛查信息系统可以实现从个人基本信息采集、筛查及诊断结果录入,到可疑病例确诊、治疗、随访等全过程的信息化,实现信息共享,提高了工作效率,提升了两癌筛查系统管理水平,为各级管理者提供及时有效的信息数据。结论将信息技术引入两癌筛查工作领域有其必要性,两癌筛查信息管理系统可以优化工作流程,提升妇幼保健信息管理层次,提高工作效率和质量。     

Breast Cancer Screening and Trauma History

ABSTRACT

The prevalence of mammography screening is unacceptably low. A history of trauma has been associated with poor health status, decreased health prevention behaviors, and increased mortality. We predicted that women who had a history of trauma were less likely to obtain mammography screening than women who did not report such a history. The relation between history of trauma and breast cancer screening has not been previously described.

We used a case-control design, randomly sampling women who had obtained and who had not obtained mammography within the preceding 2.25 years. There were significant differences in trauma history between women who had been screened and those who had not. Those who had not obtained mammography within the recommended breast cancer screening guidelines reported a greater overall number of traumatic events in their lifetimes, a greater prevalence of urban violence, domestic violence, sexual violence, and greater frequency of MVA.

African-American, Asian-American, and Latina-American women obtained mammography less often than white European-American women. The specific traumatic events which were associated with obtaining mammography differed between ethnic groups.

Several types of trauma were associated with lowered rates of mammography screening. The effects of different types of trauma were different for women of different ethnic groups.     

Biotransformed Soybean Extract Induces Cell Death of Estrogen-Dependent Breast Cancer Cells by Modulation of Apoptotic Proteins

The process of soybean biotransformation increases the quantity of isoflavones (daidzein and genistein), which besides being considered an alternative to estroprogestive hormone replacement therapy (HRT), are able of hindering the growth and development of tumor cells. We investigated the effects of soybean extract biotransformed by fungus on estrogen-dependent (MCF-7) and nondependent (SK-BR-3) breast cell lines. Cells were treated with different concentrations of biotransformed (BSE) and nonbiotransformed soybean extract (SE), or daidzein (D) and genistein (G) patterns isolated and in combination (D + G). Afterwards, we analyzed cell viability by MTT assay, phosphatidylserine exposure and cell permeability by flow cytometry; expression of apoptotic proteins by Western blotting. BSE promoted reduction in cell viability and increase in DNA degradation in both cell lines. In addition, we verified increase in cell permeability and in the expression of phosphatidylserine, as well as modulation in the expression of apoptotic proteins in MCF-7 cells. The cells did not show any signs of cell death when incubated with the controls (D, G, and D + G). Unknown components found in the BSE induce cell death by apoptosis and necrosis, mainly in MCF-7 cells. These processes depend on the activation of caspase-3 and involve an increase in the expression of proapoptotic molecules.     

Effects of Perceived Discrimination and Trust on Breast Cancer Screening among Korean American Women

Objective

Korean American (KA) women continue to have lower breast cancer screening rates than other racial groups. Perceived discrimination and trust have been associated with breast cancer screening adherence, but little is known about the associations in KA women.

Occupational Risk Factors for Breast Cancer among Nurses

Abstract

A case-referent study nested in a cohort was used to evaluate occupational variables in the incidence of breast cancer among nurses. There were 59 cases and 118 randomly chosen referents. The participation rate was 97%. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (Cls) were calculated and the weights of potential confounding factors estimated by unconditional logistic regression. The odds ratio for breast cancer in a sister was 2.83 (95% CI 1.03–7.81). Specialization in pediatric, psychiatric, general (surgical and medical), geriatric, and primary care nursing, and “other kinds of nursing,” gave an adjusted OR of 1.95 (95% CI 0.84–4.54). When working in different wards was accounted for, the highest adjusted ORs were found among nurses handling cytotoxic drugs, OR 1.65 (95% CI 0.53–5.17), and among pediatric nurses, OR 1.47 (95% CI 0.63–3.41); the lowest ORs were found among nurses in primary health care, OR 0.44 (95% CI 0.20–0.96). Analyses of the data stratified on age showed similar results. Occupational risks were not ascertained. Not only occupation but also career-related lifestyles should be taken into account in studies of health outcomes among working women.     

Breast Cancer Screening Among Women of Child-Bearing Age

We explored behavioral factors that contributed to late presentation of breast cancer. A cross-sectional survey of 120 women of child-bearing age was employed, and data were collected using interviewer-administered questionnaires addressing predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors associated with breast cancer screening. A total of 53.5% knew what breast cancer screening was; breast self-exam was the most commonly known form of screening, although only 7.5% practiced it. Lack of awareness (p =.004) and the knowledge of someone who previously had breast cancer (p =.0004) were prominent predictors for breast cancer screening, leading to either delay in or early presentation of the condition, respectively.     

基于人群的乳腺癌筛查效果评估的研究进展

基于人群的乳腺癌筛查是已经获得公认的乳腺癌的二级预防措施。目前国外常用的筛查模式包括基于钼靶的筛查方式、基于钼靶和超声的筛查方式,以及基于钼靶和乳腺临床触诊检查的筛查方式。本文试图对这三种筛查模式的有效性、适宜性和卫生经济学评估的研究进展作一综述报道。