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目的:探讨肝移植术后患者神经精神并发症发生原因及护理方法.方法:对162例肝部疾病患者行肝移植术,术后出现神经精神并发症38例,分析其发生原因并提出针对性护理对策.结果:本组术后发生神经精神并发症38例,给予积极处理,死亡2例,其余症状均缓解.肝移植术后神经精神并发症的发生与心理、药物、疾病、手术及是否快速纠正低钠血症等因素有关.结论:肝移植术患者术后易出现神经精神并发症,分析其发生原因,加强针对性护理干预可减少肝移植术后患者神经精神并发症发生,提高手术成功率,促进患者康复. 相似文献
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肝移植术后早期精神并发症病因分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
[目的]探讨肝移植术后早期患者出现精神并发症的原因及诊治经验.[方法]回顾性分析本院近3年47例肝移植患者病例资料,总结术后出现精神并发症的原因,诊断及治疗措施.[结果]47例患者中有13例出现精神并发症,最早出现于术后d3,最晚术后d15;其中表现为睡眠障碍者11例,躁狂5例,幻视2例,抑郁5例,自杀倾向2例;若术前即存在肝性脑病术后则易出现精神并发症;精神并发症的出现还可能与免疫抑制剂的使用,手术时间的长短以及术后患者内环境和外环境的状态有关.[结论]肝移植术后早期出现的精神并发症多无神经系统的器质性病变,症状较轻,通过对症处理预后较好. 相似文献
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11例原位肝移植术后监护及并发症分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:探讨原位肝移植术后的临床监护及并发症处理。方法:11例原位肝移植患者术毕即转入苏醒室监护,对全身重要脏器的功能和症状体征进行监测。结果:术后并发症有:呼吸功能不全5例。胸腔积液10例,高血压9例,心律失常3例、急性肾功能不全4例、肺部感染8例。一过性高血糖8例。9例移植肝功能恢复正常;2例死于并发症。结论:原位肝移植术后易并发全身各重要脏器及系统的并发症,加强术后监护、及早防治并发症,可提高肝移植术的成功率。 相似文献
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目的总结和探讨原位肝移植术后早期相关并发症发生的原因及护理对策。方法对2004年4月至2006年2月实行的92例次原位肝移植患者进行回顾性分析。结果肝移植术后早期并发症34例,包括急性排斥反应、血管栓塞、腹腔内大出血、胆道系统并发症、各种感染、急性肾功能衰竭和高血糖等,死亡6例。结论围术期的严密监测及并发症的积极预防处理,是肝移植成功的重要条件。 相似文献
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18例肝移植病人术后并发症的观察及护理 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
自1994年5月~1999年4月的5年内,我际移植外科部为18例肝炎后肝硬化病人施行了原位肝移植手术,在临床护理中我们体会到,积极预防、早期发现、准确鉴别及时发现并正确处理肝移植手术后的并发症是取得手术成功的关键,因此,术后严密观察和精心护理是非常重要的。 相似文献
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原位肝移植术后胆道并发症30例分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的探讨原位肝移植术后胆道并发症的病因及防治。方法回顾性分析2004年5月至2009年1月施行的199例次肝移植患者的临床资料。结果术后30例(15.08%)发生胆道并发症,分别为胆道狭窄14例,胆漏形成9例,胆泥形成7例。30例患者中,留置T管引流13例,未留置T管引流17例。结论原位肝移植术后早期胆道造影并联合应用核磁共振胆管成像有助于及时诊断胆道并发症。 相似文献
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肝移植术后病人心理分析及护理 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
马晓华 《国外医学:护理学分册》2005,24(5):246-249
探讨肝移植术后精神心理障碍的原因及护理,回顾性分析18例肝移植术患的精神心理情况及护理过程,18例的肝移植病人都出现了不同程度的焦虑、失眠,其中80%~90%的病人出现幻觉,60%~70%的病人有角色转变障碍,有2例病人出现了严重的精神心理反应,肝移植患术前精神状况评定,针对不同个体实施有效的心理护理和术后心理辅导将对肝移植手术的成功及术后生活质量的提高产生积极的影响。 相似文献
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Neuropsychiatric status after liver transplantation 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
R E Tarter D H Van Thiel A M Hegedus R R Schade J S Gavaler T E Starzl 《The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine》1984,103(5):776-782
A neuropsychiatric study of individuals who underwent successful liver transplantation an average of 3 years previously was conducted to assess quality of life in terms of cognitive capacity and psychiatric status, as well as social and behavioral functioning. Compared with a control group of patients with Crohn's disease, liver transplant patients did not differ on measures of intelligence, language, attention, concentration, spatial organization, memory, or learning. Performance on these diverse aspects of cognitive functioning was in the normal ranges for both groups when compared with normative or standardized test values. The control and liver transplant patients were not different from each other on measures of psychiatric status or social functioning; however, both groups exhibited some disruption of functioning in these two areas when contrasted with normative values. We conclude that relatively young individuals (mean age in this study, 27.8 years) do not exhibit debilitating long-term neuropsychiatric disability after liver transplantation, although some disturbance in social and psychiatric adjustment was observed. 相似文献
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Three cases of phlebosclerotic colitis (PC) are presented and all in males. The etiology of the PC still remains unknown. The characteristic manifestations of PC were transmural calcifications on CT and dark purple mucosa on endoscopy. Cases 1 and 2 underwent computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and endoscopy while case 3 underwent CT and endoscopy. Cases 1 and 2 were admitted to our hospital for ileus. Case 3 had been diagnosed as ischemic colitis and came to our hospital for re-examination. Calcifications could be found within the colon wall and adjacent mesenteric vein from cecum to transverse colon in case 1 and from cecum to descending colon in cases 2 and 3. Extensive mural thickening of the colon could be seen on CT imaging and MRI, while dark purple mucosa was found on endoscopy in all three patients. However, their extents were more than those of calcifications. The literature is limited to a few case reports. Clinicians should be familiar with the imaging and endoscopy features of PC and radiologists should pay attention to the thickening of colon wall beside the calcifications. 相似文献
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Yilmaz M Cengiz M Sanli S Yegin A Mesci A Dinckan A Hadimioglu N Dosemeci L Ramazanoglu A 《The Journal of international medical research》2011,39(4):1483-1489
This was a single-centre, prospective study to assess the frequency of neurological complications and their impact on prolonged hospitalization in 137 liver transplant patients presenting between September 1997 and June 2010. Neurological complications were seen in 22 (16%) patients during their postoperative stay in the intensive care unit. Complications included new-onset, recurrent headache (five patients), generalized seizures (four patients), dysarthria (two patients), delirium with agitation (three patients), persistent flapping tremor (two patients), alteration in level of consciousness (three patients), central pontine myelinolysis (one patient), myopathy (one patient) and visual hallucinations (one patient). Seizures were associated with immunosuppressive drug toxicity (tacrolimus). Myopathy presenting as quadriplegia was diagnosed by muscle biopsy. The patient with central pontine myelinolysis lived in a persistent vegetative state for 2 years and died of pneumonia. In conclusion, neurological complications are frequently encountered after liver transplantation, and are an important cause of severe morbidity and prolonged intensive care unit and hospital stay. 相似文献
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背景:肾移植后发生恶性肿瘤的原因是多方面的,其高发率与大剂量免疫抑制剂的长期应用密切相关。目的:回顾性分析肾移植后免疫抑制剂应用情况、恶性肿瘤发生率、移植后肿瘤发生时间,发病特征及其相关因素,探讨肿瘤与免疫抑制剂的相关性。方法:对512例肾移植中并发恶性肿瘤的16例患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。15例患者肾移植后采用霉酚酸酯+环孢素A+甲泼尼龙三联预防排异反应,1例患者采用霉酚酸酯+硫唑嘌呤+甲泼尼龙。移植后肿瘤的治疗方法:手术12例,单纯化疗1例,因病情晚期出现多处转移或患者放弃治疗3例。结果与结论:肾移植后患者肿瘤发生率为3.13%,其中泌尿系肿瘤6例,占37.5%;消化道肿瘤4例(结肠癌2例,直肠癌、胃癌各1例),占25.0%;肝癌3例,占18.75%;皮肤癌、肺癌、卵巢癌各1例,各占6.25%。提示肾移植后患者最常见的恶性肿瘤为泌尿系肿瘤,其次为消化道肿瘤。对移植后患者,减少免疫抑制剂用量是防止移植后肿瘤发生、提高移植后患者长期存活率的主要因素之一。 相似文献
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Liver transplantation is now the treatment of choice for patients with end stage chronic liver disease However, there appears to be no review of the literature on patient recovery from liver transplantation This comprehensive review presents a picture of the state of the art in liver transplantation, and considers literature on psychiatric, functional status, and quality of life aspects of patient recovery Numerous suggestions for further research are made 相似文献
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目的探讨肝移植术后肝动脉假性动脉瘤破裂伴胆道出血的临床诊断学特征。 方法回顾性分析复旦大学附属中山医院肝外科收治的1例肝移植术后伴发胆管吻合口狭窄,反复行经内镜逆行性胆道支架引流(ERBD)术后,肝假性动脉瘤破裂伴胆道出血患者的诊疗经过,并复习相关文献。 结果患者因"反复发热伴黄疸1个月余"于2017年7月6日入院,患者肝移植术后4年,多次行ERBD。患者入院行经皮肝穿刺胆管造影检查发现肝右动脉显影,肝动脉造影确诊肝右动脉假性动脉瘤,破溃至胆道,行肝动脉假性动脉瘤栓塞术和经皮肝穿刺胆道引流术(PTCD),术后发热及黄疸症状明显改善。 结论肝移植术后,有医源性有创治疗史患者,不明原因反复发热伴持续黄疸时,需术后定期行CT血管成像(CTA)检查作为随访,排除肝假性动脉瘤破裂胆道出血可能。 相似文献
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目的:肾移植患者术后长期服用免疫抑制剂,机体免疫功能低下,感染发病率高,肺是常见的靶器官.回顾性分析肾移植术后重症肺部感染的病原体检出情况及治疗转归.方法:①收集2003-10/2007-05解放军总医院第二附属医院全军器官移植中心收治的45例肾移植术后重症肺部感染患者资料,44例为尸体供肾,1例为活体亲属供肾.②采用降阶梯综合疗法治疗肾移植术后重症肺部感染.检验患者体液、分泌物中的致病病原菌,对症治疗;根据情况及时调整免疫治疗方案;纠正贫血、低蛋白血症,持续大量应用免疫球蛋白提高抗感染能力;应用乌司他丁稳定溶酶体膜;使用血必净抗内毒素.结果:①45例患者中感染发生在术后2个月内者占33 %(14/45),发生在术后2~4个月者占47%(21/45),发生在术后4~6个月者占13%(6/45),发生在术后6个月以上者占9%(4/45).②检出细菌46例次(48.4%),主要为G-性菌;真菌感染20例次(21.1%);其他感染29例次(30.5%),包括巨细胞病毒28例次及结核分枝杆菌1例次.③45例患者中22例并发急性呼吸窘迫综合征,6例放弃治疗,其余39例中32例经积极抢救治愈,7例死亡.结论:肾移植术后肺部感染多发生于术后6个月内,病原体呈多样性.早期发现病原体,综合治疗,及时调整免疫治疗方案,加强全身支持,使用大剂量免疫球蛋白、细胞膜稳定药物及抗内毒素药物是治疗成功的关键. 相似文献