头孢哌酮对茶碱药代动力学的影响

目的 :了解头孢哌酮对茶碱药代动学的影响 ,为临床合理使用茶碱提供数据。方法 :采用高效液相色谱法测定家兔体内茶碱浓度 ,用T形法求算药动学参数。结果 :头孢哌酮使茶碱的AUC ,T1/ 2 和Vd下降 ;Ke升高 ;CL 无明显变化。结论 :头孢哌酮对茶碱药代动力学参数有影响 ,临床合用时应注意调整茶碱的用量     

稳态时甲磺酸帕珠沙星对兔体内多索茶碱药物动力学的影响

目的:探讨稳态时甲磺酸帕珠沙星对家兔体内多索茶碱药物动力学的影响.方法:8只家兔随机分为2组,单用组多索茶碱给药4 d,合用组甲磺酸帕珠沙星和多索茶碱联合用药4 d.采用高效液相色谱法平行监测给药后多索茶碱的血药浓度,并计算药物动力学参数.结果:与单用组相比,合用组家兔体内多索茶碱的AUCSS、Cmax和Cmin升高,CL/F下降(t=3.371、2.559、3.502和3.952,P<0.05),其余参数在2组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:甲磺酸帕珠沙星能延缓多索茶碱的消除,2药长期合用时应对多索茶碱进行血药浓度监测.     

甲磺酸帕珠沙星注射剂的药动学

目的测定注射用甲磺酸帕珠沙星的药动学参数。方法采用高效液相色谱-荧光检测法测定36名健康志愿者静脉滴注甲磺酸帕珠沙星(3个剂量组150、300、600mg,每组12名)后血清中的药物浓度,进行药动学分析。结果3组健康志愿者静脉滴注帕珠沙星150、300、600mg后的主要药动学参数AUC0～t(μg.h.mL-1)分别为7.66±1.65、14.92±3.75、29.88±4.66;AUC0～∞(μg.h.mL-1)分别为8.19±1.73、15.42±3.73、30.55±4.83;cmax(μg.mL-1)分别为3.55±1.21、8.16±2.51、17.38±5.42;tmax(h)均为0.5;t1/2(h)分别为2.52±0.16、2.18±0.18、2.12±0.13;Ke(h-1)分别为0.28±0.02、0.32±0.03、0.34±0.03;V(L)分别为40.95±6.05、40.27±9.95、36.50±4.98;Cl(mg.h-1)分别为11.51±1.90、12.88±2.85、12.34±2.14;MRT(h)分别为2.77±0.23、2.43±0.21、2.45±0.23。结论各剂量组之间的主要药动学参数(tmax、t1/2、Ke、V、Cl、MRT)无显著性差异,各剂量组AUC0～t/dose、AUC0～∞/dose、cmax/dose比较无显著性差异;符合线性动力学特征。     

甲磺酸帕珠沙星在健康人体内的药代动力学

目的:研究甲磺酸帕珠沙星在健康志愿者体内的药动学特征. 方法:10名健康志愿者单剂量静脉滴注甲磺酸帕珠沙星注射剂300 mg,以高效液相色谱法测定给药前及给药后8 h内的血药浓度,计算其药动学参数. 结果: 甲磺酸帕珠沙星在健康人体内的处置符合二室开放模型,其主要药动学参数为:达峰时间Tmax(实测值)为(0.52±0.17) h,峰值血浆浓度ρmax(实测值)为(6.63±1.86) mg/L,药时曲线下面积AUC(0-8)为(13.42±2.96) h·mg/L;消除半衰期T1/2β为(1.90±0.24) h. 结论:静脉滴注甲磺酸帕珠沙星后,与其他喹诺酮类药物相比其药动学特征表现为半衰期较短,血药浓度高等特点. 建议静脉滴注甲磺酸帕珠沙星注射剂,300 mg/次,2～3次/d,在人体内可达到有效血药浓度.     

氟罗沙星对茶碱在家兔体内药物代谢动力学的影响

目的观察氟罗沙星对茶碱在家兔体内药物代谢动力学的影响.方法动物分为2组,第1组静脉注射茶碱12mg@kg-1;第2组静脉注射氟罗沙星20mg@kg-1,0.5h后静脉注射茶碱12mg@kg-1.测定茶碱的血药浓度,计算药物动力学的参数.结果茶碱的药时曲线符合二室模型.合用氟罗沙星组茶碱的药时曲线消除相血药浓度明显高于单用茶碱组,茶碱的消除半衰期(T1/2β)和曲线下面积(AUC)明显增大,机体清除率(CL)明显降低.结论氟罗沙星能延缓茶碱在家兔体内的消除,合并用药时应对茶碱的用法作适量调整或对茶碱进行临床给药监测.     

巴马香猪多次灌胃洛伐他汀的药动学研究

目的 探讨巴马香猪多次灌胃洛伐他汀后体内药代动力学特征. 方法 5头雄性巴马香猪,连续7 d清晨空腹灌胃洛伐他汀2.4 ms/(kg·d),采用RP-HPLC法测定其血药浓度后,并计算药动学参数. 结果 巴马香猪连续灌胃洛伐他汀2.4 mg/(kg·d),给药第4,5,6天的谷浓度低于检测下限.第1天和第7天的药代动力学参数Tmax分别为(3.02±0.24),(2.87±0.26)h;Cmax分别为(11.04±0.67),(12.95±0.87)ng/ml;T1/2α分别为(2.79±0.15),(2.13±0.21)h;T1/2β分别为(2.93±0.27),(3.45±0.75)h;AUC分别为(94.57±14.23),(109.53±13.29)ng·h/ml;CL/F分别为(0.025±0.007),(0.022±0.005)ml/min均无统计学差异(P>0.05). 结论 巴马香猪多次灌胃洛伐他汀,药代动力学特点不改变,连续给药无蓄积,与洛伐他汀在人体的药代动力学特点相近,提示巴马香猪可作为洛伐他汀药代研究的良好模型,同时为药物代谢动力学的研究提供新的实验动物品种.     

硫普罗宁肠溶胶囊的人体生物等效性研究

目的 评价健康人体内硫普罗宁肠溶胶囊(试验制剂,T)与硫普罗宁片(参比制剂,R)生物等效性.方法 18名健康志愿者按体质量随机交叉口服试验制剂硫普罗宁肠溶胶囊和参比制剂硫普罗宁片(凯西莱),剂间间隔为2周,剂量均为200mg,HPLC-MS/MS法测定血清中硫普罗宁浓度并进行相关药动学参数分析,计算相对生物利用度并进行两种制剂生物利用度的评价.结果 受试制剂和参比制剂药时曲线均符合二室开放性模型,两制剂C_(max)(μg·ml~(-1))分别为3.612±1.2393(R)和3.644±1.540(T),t_(max)为4.333±1.0853(R)和3.611±1.420(T),t1/2(h)为18.245±11.270(R)和23.403±10.500(T),AUCO-t(μg·h·ml~(-1))为18.732±6.92318(R)和18.713±6.585(T),AUC0-∞(μg·h·ml~(-1))为21.900±7.31220(R)和20.780±7.965(T).硫普罗宁肠溶胶囊与片剂比较相对生物利用度为(103.712±23.956)%.肠溶胶囊ln(AUCO-72)、ln (AUCO-∞)90%置信区间为91.1%～111.8%、96.8%～118.3%,ln(C_(max))为85.1%～113.0%.结论 硫普罗宁肠溶胶囊与硫普罗宁片剂具有生物等效性.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the bioequivalence of tiopronin enteric capsules (testing preparation, T) versus tablets (reference preparation, R). Methods A single oral dose of tiopronin enteric capsules or tablets at 200 mg was administered in 2 groups of Chinese healthy volunteers (n=9) in a randomized crossover design at the interval of 2 weeks. The plasma concentrations of tiopronin were measured by HPLC-MS/MS, and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by DAS 2.0 program. The bioequivalence between the two preparations was evaluated. Results The main pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows: C_(max)(μg· ml~(-1)) 3.612±1.2393 (R), 3.644±1.540 (T); t_(max)4.333±1.0853 (R), 3.611 ±1.420 (T); tl/2(h) 18.245± 11.270 (R), 23.403±10.500 (T); AUCO-t (μg·h·ml~(-1)) 18.732±6.92318 (R), 18.713±6.585 (T); AUC0-∞ (μg· h· ml~(-1)) 21.900± 7.31220 (R), 20.780±7.965 (T). The relative bioavailability of tiopronin enteric capsule was 103.712±23.956%, with 90% confidential intervals of ln(AUC0→72), ln(AUC0-∞) and ln(C_(max) of 91.1%-111.8%, 96.8%-118.3%, and 85.1%-113.0%, respectively. Conclusion The tiopronin enteric capsules were bioequivalent to the tablets.     

硫唑嘌呤对环孢素A家兔药动学的影响

目的:研究硫唑嘌呤(azathioprine,AZP)对环孢素A(cyclosporine CSA)血药浓度及药动学的影响。方法:8只家兔灌胃法给CSA口服液(1 5 mg/kg)后,高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定CSA的血药浓度,恢复1 wk后,灌胃法给AZP(2 0 mg/kg·d)共5 d,并于第5 d灌胃给AZP后再以同样方式给CSA,HPLC测定CSA的血药浓度,以3 P97药动学程序拟合药动学参数。结果:正常家兔合用AZP后,CSA的Cmax、Ke、Ka升高(P <0 .0 5 ) ,T peak、AUC、t1 /2 (Ka)、t1 /2 (ke)降低(P <0 .0 5 ) ,合用AZP前后CSA的CL,V没有变化,其他药动学参数变化差异无显著性。结论:合用AZP前后家兔体内代谢均符合一室模型规律,并且合用AZP后可能加强CSA的作用,减少体内药物的残留量。     

犬单剂量口服血塞通片的血浆药动学研究

目的:研究血塞通片在犬血浆中的药动学。方法:6条犬单剂量口服血塞通片,采用高效液相色谱法测定血浆浓度。结果:达峰时间(tmax),峰浓度(Cmax),半衰期(t1/2)和曲线下面积(AUC)(0→4h)分别为56.7±5.2min,15.49±3.14ng/μl,55.66±13.64min和1543.93±157.07ng·min·μl-1。结论:本方法灵敏、简单、快速、专属性强,可满足临床药动学研究的要求。     

白藜芦醇苷在Beagle犬体内的药代动力学研究

目的 建立测定血浆中自藜芦醇苷的方法,并对其在Beagle犬体内的药代动力学进行研究.方法 采用Hypersil-BDS C18色谱柱;流动相为甲醇-水(35:65),流速1.0 ml/min;紫外检测波长为290 nm,柱温25℃.用非室模型计算药代动力学参数.结果 白藜芦醇苷在0.21～21.0μg/ml浓度范围内,其线性良好,r=0.9995(n=5),最低检测浓度约为0.1μg/ml.平均回收率达到90%以上,RSD值低于8.0%.其主要药代动力学参数在3个剂量组的T_(1/2)分别为89.95±19.96 min,152.15±55.82 min,202.36±66.75 min,AUCO-∞分别为300.14±51.33μg·min/ml,751.72±173.97μg·min/ml和1521.12±310.02μg·min/ml.结论 用本法测定血浆中自藜芦醇苷,结果满意,白藜芦醇苷在体内符合二室模型.

Abstract：

Objective To establish a method for detecting plasma polydatin using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and investigate the pharmacokinetics of polydatin in Beagle dogs. Methods HPLC-based detection of polydatin was performed on a Hypersil-BDS C18 column with a mobile phase of methanol and water (35=65) at the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and the detection wavelength of 290 nm. The pharmacokinetic parameters of polydatin were calculated by non-compartment model statistics. Results The standard curve was linear within the range of 0.21-21.0 (Ag/ml (correlation coefficient of 0.9995,n=5). The average recovery was 90% with a relative standard deviation no more than 8.0%. The limit of detection of the method was 0.1 μ/ml. The pharmacokinetic parameters of polydatin at 3 doses were obtained, with T_(1/2) of 89.95±19.96 min,152.15±55.82 min, and 202.36±66.75 min, and AUC0-∞ of 300.14±S1.33 g·min·ml~(-1), 751.72+173.97 g·min·ml~(-1) and 1521.12±310.02 μg· min· ml~(-1), respectively. Conclusion The method we established allows effective detection of polydatin,whose pharmacokinetics conforms to the two-compartment model.     

半月板桶柄状撕裂的MRI诊断与关节镜下分类的相关研究

目的 探讨MRI对半月板桶柄状撕裂的诊断与关节镜下分类的比较研究.方法 分析63例患者65个经关节镜检查证实为半月板桶柄状撕裂的术前MRI的特征性表现,并将5种MRI征象(双后交叉韧带征、半月板翻转征、空领结征、碎块内移征和外周残半月板征)与关节镜下Dandy分型进行比较.结果 MRI桶柄状撕裂诊断符合率89.2%.碎块内移征和空领结征阳性率最高,分别为84.6%和81.5%;双后交叉韧带征(双PCL征)、半月板翻转征(双前角征)、外周残半月板征不如上二者普遍(阳性率分别为43%、21.5%、29.3%).未发现外侧半月板双PCL征;内侧半月板交锁Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型及外侧半月板半长全宽型、全长半宽型与MRI碎块内移征和空领结征有相关性;2例为半月板撕裂Ⅲ级信号,5例为假阴性.结论 5种MRI征象中最少2种(碎块内移征和空领结征阳性率最高)以上出现应高度怀疑为桶柄状撕裂. Abstract： Objective To evaluate the arthroscopic findings of meniscal bucket handle tears and to correlate them with the proposed MR imaging signs of meniscal bucket handle tears suggested in the literature. Methods Sixty-three patients who had a diagnosis of bucket handle tear in arthroscopy were included in our study.Meniscal tears were evaluated in arthroscopy according to Dandy's classification.The MRIs were retrospectively analyzed regarding the following findings:absence of bow tie sign,presence of double posterior cruciate ligament(PCL), fragment within the intercondylar region,flipped meniscus sign, abnormal circumferential meniscus sign. Sensitivity were evaluated for the presence of each individual sign. Results Locked types Ⅰand Ⅱfragment of medial meniscus and half-length,whole-width and whole length-half-width fragement of lateral meniscus in arthroscopy were correlated with fragement within the intercondylar notch and absent bow tie signs in MRI.We didn't find the double PCL sign in any of the patients with a lateral meniscal bucket handle tear.The most common signs in MR imagings of meniscal bucket handle tears were the fragement in the notch sign and the absent bow tie sign.They were observed with frequency of 84.6% and 81.5% respectively.The presence of double posterior cruciate ligament, flipped meniscus sign, abnormal circumferential meniscus sign were less common(43%,21.5% and 29.2%,respectively). Conclusions The presence of at least two of the five MRI signs should be regarded as highly suggestive for bucket handle tears of menisci.     

不同药物配方在分娩镇痛中的临床观察

目的 探讨产妇在分娩时镇痛时麻醉药物的选择.方法 选择我院2007年5月至2009年4月期间单胎初产妇150例随机分为三组,分别使用0.75%罗哌卡因20 ml+芬太尼0.2 mg+生理盐水至100 ml;0.75%罗哌卡因20 ml+曲马多200 mg+生理盐水至100 ml;0.75%罗哌卡因20 ml+曲马多200 mg+氟哌利多50 mg+生理盐水至100 ml,观察各组的疼痛评分、镇静评分及副作用.结果 使用芬太尼的患者镇痛、镇静效果明显优于其他的药物配伍,并且不良反应轻.结论 芬太尼在分娩镇痛中具有镇痛、镇静效果好,不良反应少,用药少的优势. Abstract： Objective To explore the choice of narcotic drugs required for analgesia in childbirth in maternal. Methods Random selection in our hospital from May 2007 to April 2009 during the period 150 cases of singleton pregnancies were divided into three groups of primipara.The use of 0.75% ropivacaine 20 ml+fentanyl 0.2 mg+saline to the 100 ml; 0.75% ropivacaine 20 ml+tramadol 200 mg+saline to the 100 ml; 0.75% ropivacaine 20 ml+tramadol 200 mg+droperidol 50 mg+physical salt to 100 ml. Observed in each group the pain score, sedation score and side effects. Results Patients using the fentanyl analgesic, sedative effect is superior to other drug compatibility, and side effects of light. Conclusions Fentanyl labor analgesia with analgesic, sedative effect is good, fewer adverse reactions, medication less advantage.     

雌激素对缺氧/复氧神经元高迁移率族蛋白B1及核因子-κB表达的影响

目的 探讨雌激素对缺氧/复氧诱导新生大鼠皮质神经元损伤的保护作用及其机制.方法 将培养7 d的大鼠皮质神经元随机分为三组,A组为正常对照组,B组采用缺氧/复氧(H/R),C组采用雌激素(17βE2)预处理加H/R处理,各组在H/R后0、1、3、6、12、24 h各时间点,以TUNEL法比较各组凋亡细胞,免疫组化方法比较各组高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)、核因子-κB(NF-κB)表达.结果 ①B组凋亡神经元明显多于正常对照组(H/R后3～24 h),C组凋亡细胞数目显著少于B组,三组比较差异有统计学意义.②B组HMGB1、NF-κB的表达较正常对照组明显增加,C组HMGB1、NF-κB表达较B组明显减少.结论 雌激素可使H/R后神经元HMGB1、NF-κB表达降低,抑制神经元凋亡,提高其存活率,这可能是其脑保护作用的机制之一. Abstract： Objective To explore the protective effects of estrogen on injured neurons induced by H/R and the mechanisms of that. Methods The cortical neurons cultured for 7 days were randomly divided into group A (normal control group), group B (H/R alone), group C (pretreatment with Estrogen -17βE2 and H/R). Then the apoptotic neurons were count by TUNEL, and the expression of HMGB1,NF- κB was observed by immunocytochemical technique, on each time point after reoxygenation 0,1,3,6,12,24 h of each group. Results ①The number of apoptotic neurons in group B was more than that in control group after H/R 3-24 h, and was less in group C than in group B. ②Compared with group A, the expression of HMGB1 and NF-κB was higher in group B,and was lower in group C than in group B. Conclusions Estrogen could decrease the expression of HMGB1 and NF-κB to inhibit neuronal apoptosis after H/R, which may be one of the mechanisms in which estrogen exerts its neuro-protective effect.     

四种抗体联合检测在SLE患者中的诊断价值

目的 探讨抗双链DNA(dsDNA)抗体、抗Smith(Sm)抗体、抗核小体抗体(AnuA)、抗组蛋白抗体联合检测在系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者中的诊断价值.方法 抗dsDNA抗体、抗Sm抗体、AnuA、抗组蛋白抗体均采用欧蒙斑点法测定98例SLE患者(分为活动期和稳定期)、90例其他结缔组织病患者及40例健康人血清中的四种自身抗体.结果 98例SLE患者中抗dsDNA抗体、抗Sm抗体、AnuA、抗组蛋白抗体阳性率分别为45.9%、 29.6%、 57.1%、33.6%,特异性分别为100%、99.2%、98.5%、89.2%;抗dsDNA抗体和AnuA在活动期SLE中的敏感性与稳定期相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);抗dsDNA抗体和AnuA以及四种抗体联合检测时阳性率分别为70.4%和79.6%,明显高于其中任何单项检测的阳性率,且明显高于疾病对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 所检测的四种抗体在SLE中都具有很高的特异性和敏感性,其中抗dsDNA抗体和AnuA对活动期SLE具有很好的诊断价值,抗体的联合检测可较大程度提高SLE检测阳性率,四种抗体有明显的互补作用,尤其抗dsDNA抗体和AnuA的联合检测具有很好的组合价值. Abstract： Objective To investigate the diagnostic significance of combined detection of anti-double stranded DNA antibody(anti-dsDNA),anti-Smith antibody(anti-Sm)and antinuclesome antibody(AnuA) and anti-histone antibody in systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE),and evaluate the significance of combined detection of these autoantibodies in the diagnosis of SLE. Methods Ninety-eight cases of SLE patients who were divided into active and stable stage group and 90 disease controls and 40 healthy people were detected with Euro immunoblot assay.Results In the assays mentioned above. The serum positive rates of anti-dsDNA,anti-Sm, AnuA and anti-histone antibody were 45.9%,29.6%,57.1% and 33.1% in SLE, and the specificities were 100%,99.2%,98.5% and 89.2% respectively in patients with SLE.The positive rates of anti-dsDNA and AnuA in active SLE group were 57.5%,65.1%,which was apparently higher than that in the stable stage group;The sensibility of combined detection of anti-dsDNA and AnuA was 70.4%, four autoantibodies combined detection in SLE was 79.6%, which was apparently higher than any single autoantibodies, the difference had statistical significance. Conclusions These four autoantibodies have very high sensibility and specificity respectively, combined detection of four autoantibodies can markedly raise the relevance ratio in SLE, while their specificity didn't have a visual reduction. Especially, the sensibility of combined detection of anti-dsDNA and AnuA can markedly increased in active SLE patients. This compose can raise effectively the diagnosis of active SLE.So the detections of the four antibodies are complementary for the diagnosis of SLE.     

低浓度5-氟尿嘧啶与糖皮质激素联合激光治疗瘢痕疙瘩的疗效

目的 观察低浓度5-氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu)与糖皮质激素局部注射联合激光治疗瘢痕疙瘩的疗效及安全性.方法 瘢痕疙瘩70例,102处病灶,平均病史8.6年,平均治疗时间为10.29个月.70例瘢痕疙瘩患者108处病灶进行单纯瘢痕内注射,0.6 ml 5-Fu与5 ml曲安奈德、1 ml 2%利多卡因混合后局部注射于瘢痕全层注射,每2～4周1次,瘢痕完全萎缩后逐渐降低药物浓度并延长注射间歇期.另一组70例瘢痕疙瘩患者102处病灶将三联药物局部注射半个月后Nd:YAG激光照射,每2～4周1次.结果 在治疗6个月以上的患者中,5-氟尿嘧啶与糖皮质激素联合激光治疗瘢痕疙瘩的总有效率为97.06%,其中完全缓解者占45.10%,极大缓解者占49.02%,部分缓解者占2.94%,未缓解者为2.94%.结论 低浓度5-氟尿嘧啶与糖皮质激素局部注射联合激光治疗瘢痕疙瘩的疗效显著. Abstract： Objective To monitor the therapeutic action and security of 5-Fu and steroid injected associate with laser to keloid. Methods One hundred and two keloid focuses of 70 patients have the average 8.6 years history and the average therapy period of 10.29 months. Among them,70 patients with total 108 keloid were treated merely with intralesional injection of a mixture of 0.6 ml 5-Fu,5 ml corticosteroid and 1 ml 2% lidocaine once per 2-4 weeks. The other 70 patients with total 102 keloid around sternal area were treated with the mixture once per 2-4 weeks. And they were irradiated with apulsed Nd:YAG laser(wavelength 1064 nm)at 35-140 energy density levels after 15 days. After keloid became flattened,drug concentration was decreased with prolonged intermission of drug injection. Results The total therapy efficacy of 5-Fu associate with steroid to keloid was 97.06%. Of them, the complete remission percentage was 45.10%,the large remission percentage was 49.02%,part remission percentage was 2.94%,and the inefficacy percentage was 2.94%. Conclusions It is more effective that the combination therapy to keloid of low concentration 5-Fu,steroid and Nd:YAG laser.     

压缩雾化吸入可必特治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期35例疗效观察

目的 探讨压缩雾化吸入可必特对慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期的疗效和不良反应.方法 将75例患者随机分为两组,对照组30例采用常规治疗,治疗组35例在常规治疗基础上加用雾化治疗,观察两组治疗效果和解除主要症状、体征的时间和住院时间.结果 治疗组住院时间和喘憋、肺部喘鸣音的持续时间均明显短于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 压缩雾化吸入可必特治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期疗效确切,方法简便,不良反应小,值得推广. Abstract： Objective To explore the effect of compressed nebulized inhalation combivent on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with acute exacerbation. Mehods Seventy-five patients were randomly divided into two groups,the control group(30 cases) with conventional treatment, the treatment group (35 cases) on the basis of conventional therapy plus treatment with the spray were observed lifting of the main symptoms and signs of the time and hospital stay.Results The treatment group hospitalization time and asthmatic lungs duration of wheezing were significantly shorter than the control group (P<0.01). Conclusions Compression combivent aerosol inhalation treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with acute exacerbation is simple, side effects are little and are worth promoting.     

高血压病患者颈动脉粥样硬化与血尿酸及载脂蛋白水平的相关性

目的 通过对高血压病患者颈动脉超声多普勒检查和血尿酸及载脂蛋白水平的测定,探讨血尿酸及载脂蛋白与颈动脉硬化程度的关系.方法 测定100例高血压病患者血尿酸及载脂蛋白水平,用超声多普勒检测颈动脉粥样硬化程度.结果 颈动脉粥样硬化程度与血尿酸及载脂蛋白水平有关.结论 血尿酸及载脂蛋白水平与颈动脉粥样硬化的程度具有相关性,血尿酸及载脂蛋白B水平升高、载脂蛋白A水平降低是动脉粥样硬化的危险因素. Abstract： Objective To evaluate the correlation among the level of serum uric acid, apolipoproteins and the degree of carotid artery atherosclerosis in patients with hypertension. Methods The serum uric acid, apolipoproteins in 100 patients with hypertension were detected, and the degree of carotid artery atherosclerosis was determined by ultrasonic Doppler examination. Results The serum uric acid,apolipoproteins had the positive correlation to the degree of carotid artery atherosclemsis. Conclusions The concentrations of serum uric acid, apolipoproteins have positive relationship to the degree of carotid artery atherosclerosis. Increase of level of serum uric acid and ApoB, reduce of level of ApoA are risk factors for carotid artery atherosclerosis.     

410例膝关节外伤MRI诊断分析

目的 探讨MRI对膝关节外伤的诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析410例膝关节外伤的MRI表现,其中72例行CT检查,380例同时拍摄X线平片,比较3种方法对膝关节外伤的诊断价值.结果 MRI、CT及X线对膝关节外伤的阳性检出率分别为99.02%(406/410)、70.83%(51/72)、30.00%(114/380).MRI表现分别为骨挫伤伴或不伴骨折、关节腔积液、半月板损伤、韧带损伤、关节周围软组织损伤.MRI阳性检出率明显高于CT组及X线组,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 MRI对膝关节外伤具有独特而重要的诊断价值,而且无创伤、无辐射,能够最大限度弥补X线及CT检查的不足,可作为膝关节外伤的常规检查手段. Abstract： Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of MRI imaging on detecting knee joint injury. Methods MRI manifestations of knee joint injury in 410 cases were analyzed retrospectively. Of all patients, 72 cases underwent CT scan,380 cases underwent X-ray examinations and to compare the diagnostic value of the three methods in detecting knee joint injury. Results The positive rates of MRI, CT, X-ray in detecting knee joint injury were 99.02%(406/410), 71.83%(51/71), 30.00%(114/380) respectively. Knee joint injury manifested as bone contusion or bone contusion accompanied with bone fracture, joint effusion, meniscus injury, ligament injury, para-articular soft tissue injuries with MRI. The positive rate was significantly higher than that of CT and X-ray, the difference was statistical significance. Conclusions MRI not only play a peculiar and important role in the diagnosis of the knee joint injury with non-invasion or radiation, but also can largely make up for the disadvantage of CT and X-ray,and could be used routinely.     

叶酸联合塞来昔布对食管癌的化学预防作用

目的 探讨选择性环氧合酶-2(COX-2)抑制剂塞来昔布联合叶酸预防食管癌的有效性.方法 将84例食管上皮轻、中重度不典型增生患者随机分为叶酸组(28例)、塞来昔布联合叶酸组(28例)以及安慰剂组(28例),连续服用12个月后,再行胃镜及病理复查.终点指标定义为食管上皮不典型增生的组织学分级有严重程度的改变,记录其逆转、稳定、进展变化,比较各治疗组疗效.结果 塞来昔布联合叶酸组的不典型增生的好转率为60.7%(17/28),显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).叶酸组对食管上皮各级不典型增生并未有显著影响.结论 塞来昔布和叶酸联合应用可能降低食管癌发病的危险,尚需进一步扩大样本量的研究. Abstract： Objective To determine the validity of celecoxib combined with folate for the prevention of esophageal carcinoma.Methods Eighty four subjects completed the trial. Subjects had histologically confirmed mild or moderate esophageal dysplasia at baseline. And they were randomly divided into three groups: folate group,celecoxib plus folate group and control group.Esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed before and after a 12-month intervention. Per-subject change (regression, stable or progression) in the worst dysplasia grade was defined as the primary end point. Results were compared by agent group.Results The relative reverse rate of celecoxib plus folate group was 60.7%(17/28), significantly higher than that in placebo group (P＜0.05). Folate alone did not influence changes in dysplasia grade by baseline histology subgroup(P＞0.05).Conclusions Celecoxib and folate have better effects than celecoxib alone in the chemoprevention of esophageal carcinoma for high risk subjects. Further trials with larger numbers are needed to confirm these results.     

Ki-67和p16表达与宫颈上皮内瘤变发生发展相关性的探讨

目的 观察Ki-67和p16在宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)中的分布特点及其与HPV16感染的关系,并探讨两者表达的意义.方法 采用免疫组织化学方法(EnVison两步法)检测Ki-67和p16在CINⅠ48例、CINⅡ52例、CINⅢ 40例和浸润性子宫颈鳞状细胞癌(SCC)36例中的表达情况.另选取正常子宫颈鳞状上皮20例作为对照组.结果 ①p16在正常子宫颈鳞状上皮表达均阴性(0/20),在CINⅠ、CINⅡ、CINⅢ和浸润性SCC中的阳性率分别为47.9%(23/48)、82.7%(43/52)、95.0%(38/40)、97.2%(35/36),与正常对照组相比差异均有统计学意义(χ2＝28.3812, P<0.01).p16阳性强度在各级CIN病变中不同,差异有统计学意义(χ2＝30.0869,P<0.01).②Ki-67在正常对照组有5例表达,在CINⅠ中的阳性率为66.7%(32/48),而100%的CINⅡ和CINⅢ均为Ki-67阳性(χ2＝28.3812, P<0.01).Ki-67阳性强度在各级CIN病变中不同(χ2＝30.0869,P<0.01).③HPV16在正常组均为阴性,在33.3%(16/48)CINⅠ级、48.1%(25/52)CINⅡ级、87.5%(35/40)CINⅢ级、91.7%(33/36)子宫颈浸润性鳞状细胞癌中为阳性.HPV16感染与p16表达呈正相关(r=0.33,P<0.05),而与Ki-67表达无相关性(P>0.05).结论 p16在各级CIN中呈现不同的分布特点并与HPV16感染有关,是子宫颈CIN病变中细胞异型程度高的标记物.p16和Ki-67的高表达与CIN发生发展及最终癌变有密切关系. Abstract： Objective To investigate the expression of p16 and Ki-67 in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical squamous cell carcinoma and the relationship with HPV16 infection.Methods Immunohistochemical study for p16 and Ki-67 and HPV16 were performed on paraffin-embedded tissue of diagnostic biopsies and surgical materials, including 20 normal cervix, 48 CINⅠ, 52 CINⅡ,40 CINⅢ and 36 invasive cervical SCC.Results ①There was no p16 positive cell in normal control samples. Overexpression of p16 was detectedin samples of CINⅠ,CINⅡ,CINⅢ and SCC at frequencies of 47.9%(23/48),82.7%(43/52),38/40(95.0%) and 97.2%(35/36). There was significant statistic difference in these groups(χ2＝28.3812, P<0.01). ②Overexpression of Ki-67 were also detectedin samples of CIN at frequencies of 66.7%(32/48) in CINⅠand 100% in CINⅡ/Ⅲ(χ2=30.0869,P<0.01). ③HPV16 was showed negative in normal control group. However, 33.3%(16/48)CINⅠ,48.1%(25/52)CINⅡ,87.5%(35/40)CINⅢand 91.7%(33/36) cervical SCC were HPV16 positive. Overexpression of p16 was correlated with HPV16 infection(r=0.33,P<0.05). However not was Ki-67 (P>0.05). Conclusions Overexpression of the protein p16 is atypical marker for dysplastic and neoplastic epithelium of cervixuteri, which is associated with HPV16 infection.