早期系统化康复护理对截瘫患者生活质量的影响

目的：探讨早期系统化康复护理对截瘫患者生活质量的影响及临床价值。方法：选择外伤性截瘫患者６４例,随机分为早期系统化康复护理组和传统护理组。对两组患者的日常生活活动能力采用ＦＩＭ量表和肢体运动功能用改良式Ｆｕｇｌ－Ｍｅｙｅｒ量表及并发症发生情况进行３个月的观察、评估。结果：早期系统化康复护理组在１个月和３个月时的ＦＩＭ、Ｆｕｇｌ－Ｍｅｙｅｒ得分显著提高,明显优于传统护理组（Ｐ〈０．０５）,并发症明显     

The effect of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome on health related quality of life

Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) is the most important factor limiting long-term survival after lung transplantation, and has a substantial impact on patients' daily life in terms of disability and morbidity. Aim of our study was to examine the effects of BOS on health related quality of life (HRQL) in lung transplantation patients. Data on HRQL from 29 patients who developed BOS at least 18 months earlier were studied longitudinally. HRQL measures were: the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Self-rating Depression Scale (ZUNG), and the Index of Well Being (IWB). Furthermore questions concerning activities of daily life and dyspnea were asked. The majority of the patients were male, and the most common diagnosis was emphysema. After the onset of BOS, significantly more restrictions were reported on the dimensions energy and mobility of the NHP. These restrictions appeared to increase over time. After the onset of BOS, STAI scores remained more or less stable and close to the value of the general population. ZUNG scores were significantly higher after the onset of BOS, and patients experienced a lower level of well being than the general population. The percentage of patients that reported to be able to perform activities of daily life without effort declined dramatically after the onset of BOS. Furthermore, the percentage of patients complaining of dyspnea increased after the onset of BOS. In conclusion, our study showed that HRQL was negatively affected by the onset of BOS. However, in spite of these less favorable long-term results, even patients who develop BOS may at least temporarily benefit from a lung transplantation.     

Primary graft dysfunction attenuates improvements in health-related quality of life after lung transplantation,but not disability or depression

Disability, depressive symptoms, and impaired health-related quality of life (HRQL) are common among patients with life-threatening respiratory compromise. We sought to determine if primary graft dysfunction (PGD), a syndrome of acute lung injury, attenuates improvements in patient-reported outcomes after transplantation. In a single-center prospective cohort, we assessed disability, depressive symptoms, and HRQL before and at 3- to 6-month intervals after lung transplantation. We estimated the magnitude of change in disability, depressive symptoms, and HRQL with hierarchical segmented linear mixed-effects models. Among 251 lung transplant recipients, 50 developed PGD Grade 3. Regardless of PGD severity, participants had improvements in disability and depressive symptoms, as well as generic-physical, generic-mental, respiratory-specific, and health-utility HRQL, exceeding 1- to 4-fold the minimally clinically important difference across all instruments. Participants with PGD Grade 3 had a lower magnitude of improvement in generic-physical HRQL and health-utility than in all other participants. Among participants with PGD Grade 3, prolonged mechanical ventilation was associated with greater attenuation of improvements. PGD remains a threat to the 2 primary aims of lung transplantation, extending survival and improving HRQL. Attenuation of improvement persists long after hospital discharge. Future studies should assess if interventions can mitigate the impact of PGD on patient-reported outcomes.     

肺康复训练对肺结核结构性肺病患者肺功能及生活质量的影响

目的 探讨肺康复训练对肺结核结构性肺病患者肺功能及生活质量的影响.方法 将90倒肺结核结构性肺病患者随机分为对照组和康复组各45例.对照组按常规进行专科护理,如氧疗、用药指导、心理护理、饮食护理;康复组在常规护理基础上,实施肺康复训练,包括呼吸锻炼、有氧运动训练、有效的咳嗽和排痰训练.干预12周后,测评患者肺功能、动脉血气分析、生活质量.结果 干预后康复组FEV1、FEV1/FVC、6 min步行距离显著优于对照组,PaO2显著升高、PaCO2显著降低,生活质量总分及各维度评分显著高于对照组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论 肺康复训练能够显著改善肺结核结构性肺病患者的缺氧和二氧化碳潴留,改善肺功能和运动耐量,提高患者生活质量.     

Native lung complications after single lung transplantation for emphysema

We reviewed the impact of the presence of the native diseased contralateral lung on the outcome after single lung transplantation for emphysema. Twenty consecutive recipients of single lung transplants for emphysema were reviewed for complications related to the native lung. Five patients (25 %) suffered major complications arising in the native lung and resulting in serious morbidity and mortality. The timing of onset varied from 1 day to 43 months after transplantation. We conclude that the susceptibility of the native lung to complications such as those described in this report is an additional fact to be considered in choosing the ideal transplant procedure for patients with obstructive lung disease. Received: 2 July 1996 Received after revision: 15 October 1996 Accepted: 28 October 1996     

等待肺移植患者生存质量及其影响因素研究

目的了解等待肺移植患者的生存质量及其影响因素。方法采用简明健康问卷(SF-36)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)对55例等待肺移植患者进行调查。结果等待肺移植患者SF-36各维度得分23.18~74.57,显著低于常模(均P<0.01);SAS、SDS得分分别为48.09±9.06、52.18±9.98,显著高于常模(均P<0.01);PSSS社会总支持因子得分为5.56±1.04,其中家庭内支持因子得分显著高于家庭外支持因子(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示生存质量的影响因素为呼吸困难和抑郁(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论等待肺移植患者的生存质量较低,其生存质量受呼吸困难和抑郁的影响。医务人员应从患者生理及心理方面进行有效干预,以提高其生存质量。