基于建构主义的模拟护理教学查房在高职护生中的应用探讨

目的探讨在建构主义理论指导下的模拟护理教学查房在高职护生中的应用效果。方法选取我院2014级高职护理专业2个班的学生111人为研究对象,其中一个班设为观察组(56人),另一个班设为对照组(55人)。观察组采用建构主义理论指导下的模拟护理查房进行内科护理实训教学,对照组采用常规的案例教学法。课程结束后,比较两组护生的自主学习能力及评判性思维能力。结果课程结束后,试验组护生学习动机、自我管理、人际沟通及总体自主学习能力、总体评判性思维能力均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论基于建构主义的模拟护理教学查房能很好地将理论知识与临床实践结合,是提高护生自主学习能力和评判性思维能力行之有效的教学方法,可提前为护生进入临床工作打下稳固的基础。     

中国援助利比里亚埃博拉出血热治疗中心留观病区护理管理模式分享

目的总结第二批援助利比里亚医疗队留观病区2个月临床抗击埃博拉出血热(Ebola hemorrhagic fever,EHF)护理管理经验,为跨国烈性传染病救治积累经验。方法主要创新三方面管理,即中方和利比里亚籍(简称利方)医护人员的科学管理、护理工作内容和流程的合理安排、病区物资的实时管理和集中领取。结果确保了中利双方医护人员的人身安全,实现了EHF留观病区的安全管理,物资请领科学高效。结论该模式为第三批援利医疗队抗击EHF工作和日后传染病防治积累了宝贵的经验。     

恶性肿瘤患者两种化疗模式下医院感染情况比较

目的:比较恶性肿瘤患者两种化疗模式(住院化疗和日间化疗)医院感染的发生情况.方法:回顾性调查比较恶性肿瘤患者住院化疗和日间化疗医院感染发生率及住院时间.结果:日间化疗患者感染总发生率低于住院化疗患者(χ2=39.607 9,P<0.01),日间化疗Ⅲ期胃癌患者感染发生率低于住院化疗患者(χ2=4.559 4,P=0.0327),日间化疗患者Ⅲ期肺癌患者感染发生率低于住院化疗患者(χ2=38.556 1,P<0.01);日间化疗患者平均住院时间(1 d)少于住院化疗患者(11.82 d)(P<0.05).结论:日间化疗与住院化疗比较,可明显降低医院感染发生率,缩短住院时间,值得推广应用.     

精神科和综合科病房护理人员睡眠状况调查分析

目的:了解精神科及综合科病房护理人员睡眠质量及其影响因素,为探寻有效干预对策,改善其睡眠质量提供理论依据.方法:采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)量表及EPQ和自编影响调查表,对500名护理人员进行抽样调查.结果:精神科病房护理人员睡眠障碍发生率为70.06%,综合科病房护士睡眠障碍发生率为56.84%,两者之间有统计学差异(P＜0.01).结论:精神科病房护理人员的睡眠问题比较突出,应引起有关管理者的重视.建议从社会方面、医院方面、自身方面采取相应的对策.     

Locked doors in acute inpatient psychiatry: a literature review

Many acute inpatient psychiatric wards in the UK are permanently locked, although this is contrary to the current Mental Health Act Code of Practice. To conduct a literature review of empirical articles concerning locked doors in acute psychiatric inpatient wards, an extensive literature search was performed in SAGE Journals Online, EBM Reviews, British Nursing Index, CINAHL, EMBASE Psychiatry, International Bibliography of the Social Sciences, Ovid MEDLINE(R), PsycINFO and Google, using the search terms 'open$', 'close$', '$lock$', 'door', 'ward', 'hospital', 'psychiatr', 'mental health', 'inpatient' and 'asylum'. A total of 11 empirical papers were included in the review. Both staff and patients reported advantages (e.g. preventing illegal substances from entering the ward and preventing patients from absconding and harming themselves or others) and disadvantages (e.g. making patients feel depressed, confined and creating extra work for staff) regarding locked doors. Locked wards were associated with increased patient aggression, poorer satisfaction with treatment and more severe symptoms. The limited literature available showed the urgent need for research to determine the real effects of locked doors in inpatient psychiatry.     

病室空气快速消毒效果观察

用“84”消毒液气溶胶喷雾法快速消毒病室空气。结呆表明,此法的消毒效呆与紫外线正向照射法、甲醛董蒸法的消毒效果相同,此法操作简便,起效快、作用强,能迅速监测,对人无毒副反应,消毒时患者无须离开,不影响技术操作,且用量少,价格低廉,适宜用于定量定时对病室进行空气消毒。     

儿科病房管理模式初探

自１９９１年开始我院对儿科病房管理进行了改革，即根据患儿的年龄、疾病特点及家庭经济状况设立了无陪病房、母子病房、温馨病房及家庭病房等多种形式的管理模式，以此满足患儿的医疗、护理需要。     

智能化病房基数药品管理系统的设计与实践

本文从医院临床信息系统集成改造角度,分析病房基数药品管理业务环节存在的问题,基于保障病人用药安全、提高护士工作效率、提高药房精细化管理和自动化水平等基本目标,提出基于药房基数药品管理的信息系统规划,并运用于具体实践。     

医疗查房与护理教学查房相结合在ICU护理教学中的应用

目的：探讨医疗查房与护理查房相结合在ICU护理教学中的应用。方法将120名护理本科实习生分为对照组和实验组各60名。对照组采用传统的查房模式,实验组采用医疗查房与护理教学查房相结合的查房模式,比较两组学生出科的专科理论知识及操作技能成绩、教学效果及自我评价。结果实验组专科理论知识及操作技能成绩、教学效果及自我评价均优于对照组( P<0.05)。结论医疗查房与护理教学查房相结合的方法在ICU临床教学中规范护理教学应用,有利于提高ICU的临床教学质量及培训学生的综合能力。     

A trial of an anti-absconding intervention in acute psychiatric wards

Absconding from acute psychiatric wards is a significant clinical problem that can place patients and others at risk, as well as being burdensome and anxiety provoking for staff. Previous studies have not convincingly demonstrated the best way to minimize the frequency of absconding. The aim of this trial was to evaluate the impact of an intervention to reduce absconding by patients from partially locked acute psychiatric wards. Five acute psychiatric wards in one hospital were entered into a stepped, before-and-after controlled trial. Following 3 months at baseline, nursing staff on the wards were trained in the intervention and monitored in its execution for the next 3 months. Absconding and violent incidents were recorded by nursing staff through shift reports and validated against officially collected forms. Absconding reduced by 25% overall during the intervention period, a fall which was statistically significant. Three out of the five wards implemented the intervention effectively and two of these achieved decreases in their absconding. The other two wards were not able to consistently implement the intervention, and their absconding rates remained unchanged. The findings support the efficacy of the intervention in reducing absconding. Further research is now required to replicate these findings, and to confirm that any reductions are maintained over time.     

强化护理教学查房主持者管理提高查房质量

目的：探讨强化护理教学查房主持者的管理措施,提高查房质量。方法：实施筛选并相对固定主持者、制定主持者职责和指引、实施专人专题查房及加强培训等系列管理措施。结果：95％护生对活动后的教学查房质量满意,活动后多种护理教学查房调查评价及护生外科实习理论操作成绩均明显高于改革前（P〈0．05）;结论：通过加强对查房主持者的管理,提高了护理教学查房质量。     

舒适护理在显微外科病房中的应用

目的探讨舒适护理模式在显微外科病房中的应用效果。方法随机选择显微外科病人371例为观察组,在住院期间实施舒适护理,包括环境舒适、体位舒适、生活舒适、疼痛护理、心理舒适、社会舒适、精神舒适和护理技术舒适;对照组365例实施常规护理,观察两组住院病人满意率、并发症发生率。结果观察组住院病人满意率明显高于对照组、并发症发生率明显低于对照组。结论舒适护理应用于显微外科病房可以提高病人的满意度、减少并发症、提高病人的康复质量。     

产科病房实行人性化护理的新举措

目的探讨在产科病房实行人性化护理的新举措。方法开展全程无缝隙服务、导乐分娩和陪护分娩、创造温馨舒适的环境、构建健康交流平台-孕妇之家。结果护患关系更加融洽,病人满意度从70%上升到98%以上,两个效益增长跃居全院之首。结论人性化护理是提高病人满意度和赢得医疗市场的重要保证。     

Clinical specialty and organizational features of acute hospital wards

Ward clinical specialty is a variable which has been largely ignored in studies of nursing organization and effectiveness. Analysis of data collected from a nationally representative sample of 83 acute medical, surgical and orthopaedic hospital wards demonstrates that while wards had similar staffing resources, differences exist in the likelihood of adopting a nursing organizational system with devolved authority, in nurses' views of prevailing hierarchical attitudes, and their perceived influence over a range of organizational features of the ward. Medical wards were more likely to have developed organizational practices associated with increasing nursing autonomy.     

浅谈精神病房开展人性化管理的体会

目的 探讨在精神科病房实行人性化管理的实践与效果。方法 开展优秀服务，提倡人性化管理护理理念。结果 通过病房环境和舒适、宽松的管理方式，大大减轻了患者住院的恐惧和陌生感，同时也密切了护患关系。患者满意度从90％上升到98％。结论 人性化的管理是提高患者满意度和赢得市场的重要保证，增加医院的市场的竞争力。     

老年病房实施健康教育的体会

做好老年人的健康教育工作,不但适应时代的要求,而且能帮助老年人提高自我保健和自我护理能力,减少老年病的复发率和并发症的发生率,从而减轻家庭和社会的负担,体现护士的工作价值.我院自成立市老年医疗保健中心以来,从中心病房着手,积极广泛开展健康教育,既取得了一定的成绩,也积累了一些经验.     

开放式与封闭式病房新入院老年精神分裂症患者意外风险对比分析

目的：探讨新入院老年精神分裂症患者入住开放式与封闭式病房的意外风险状况,为开展有针对性的护理干预提供依据。方法将90例新入院老年精神分裂症患者随机分为两组,研究组入住开放式病房,对照组入住封闭式病房;采用跌倒、噎食、攻击、自杀、出走5个风险因素评估量表及护士用住院病人观察量表评估两组患者的风险状况。结果两组患者中有攻击风险者占40．0％,有自杀风险者占24．4％;研究组跌倒、噎食发生率显著低于对照组（P＜0．05）,出走发生率显著高于对照组（P＜0．01）。两组护士用住院病人观察量表各因子评分比较差异均无显著性（P＞0．05）。结论对新入院老年精神分裂症患者加强风险评估管理,是预防患者住院期间发生意外事件的重要措施。