High eradication rates of Helicobacter pylori with a new sequential treatment

BACKGROUND: Eradication rates of Helicobacter pylori with standard triple therapy are disappointing, and studies from several countries confirm this poor performance. AIM: To assess the eradication rate of a new sequential treatment regimen compared with conventional triple therapy for the eradication of H. pylori infection. METHODS: One thousand and forty-nine dyspeptic patients were studied prospectively. H. pylori-infected patients were randomized to receive 10-day sequential therapy [rabeprazole (40 mg daily) plus amoxicillin (1 g twice daily) for the first 5 days, followed by rabeprazole (20 mg), clarithromycin (500 mg) and tinidazole (500 mg) twice daily for the remaining 5 days] or standard 7-day therapy [corrected] [rabeprazole (20 mg), clarithromycin (500 mg) and amoxicillin (1 g) twice daily]. H. pylori status was assessed by histology, rapid urease test and 13C-urea breath test at baseline and 6 weeks or more after completion of treatment. RESULTS: Higher eradication rates were found with the sequential regimen compared to the standard regimen (intention-to-treat: 92% vs. 74%, P < 0.0001; per protocol: 95% vs. 77%, P < 0.0001). Higher eradication rates were also seen in patients with peptic ulcer disease and non-ulcer dyspepsia. In both treatments, compliance was similar (> 90%), as was the rate of side-effects, which were mild. CONCLUSIONS: This 10-day sequential treatment regimen achieves high eradication rates in peptic ulcer disease and non-ulcer dyspepsia.     

Sequential treatment for Helicobacter pylori eradication in duodenal ulcer patients: improving the cost of pharmacotherapy

BACKGROUND: Several studies have shown that Helicobacter pylori eradication rates with standard 7-day triple therapy are unsatisfactory. A novel 10-day sequential treatment regimen recently achieved a significantly higher eradication rate. To improve the pharmacotherapeutic cost, we evaluated whether an acceptable eradication rate could be achieved in peptic ulcer patients by halving the dose of clarithromycin. METHODS: In a prospective, open-label study, 152 duodenal ulcer patients with H. pylori infection, assessed by rapid urease test and histology, were enrolled. Patients were randomized to receive either a 10-day sequential treatment comprising rabeprazole 20 mg b.d. plus amoxicillin 1 g b.d. for the first 5 days, followed by rabeprazole 20 mg b.d., clarithromycin 500 mg b.d. and tinidazole 500 mg b.d. for the remaining 5 days (high-dose therapy), or a similar schedule with the clarithromycin doses halved to 250 mg b.d. (low-dose therapy). No further antisecretory drugs were offered. Four to six weeks after therapy, H. pylori eradication and ulcer healing rates were assessed by endoscopy. RESULTS: Similar H. pylori eradication rates were observed following high- and low-dose regimens for both per protocol (97.3% vs. 95.9%; P = N.S.) and intention-to-treat (94.7% vs. 92.2%; P = N.S.) analyses. No major side-effects were reported. At repeat endoscopy, peptic ulcer healing was observed in 93% and 93% of patients following high- and low-dose therapy, respectively. CONCLUSION: The cheaper low-dose sequential regimen may be suggested for H. pylori eradication in duodenal ulcer patients, even without continued proton pump inhibitor therapy after eradication treatment.     

Effectiveness and pharmaceutical cost of sequential treatment for Helicobacter pylori in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia

BACKGROUND: A novel 10-day sequential treatment regimen recently achieved a significantly higher eradication rate than standard 7-day therapy in both peptic ulcer disease and non-ulcer dyspepsia. Its higher performance has recently been confirmed using a halved clarithromycin dose in peptic ulcer disease. AIMS: To evaluate whether an acceptable eradication rate could also be obtained by halving the clarithromycin dose in dyspeptic patients and to assess the role of possible factors affecting the outcome of therapy. METHODS: In a prospective, open-label study, 162 patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia and Helicobacter pylori infection, assessed by rapid urease test and histology, were enrolled. Patients were randomized to receive either 10-day sequential therapy, comprising rabeprazole 20 mg b.d. plus amoxicillin 1 g b.d. for the first 5 days, followed by rabeprazole 20 mg b.d., clarithromycin 250 mg b.d. and tinidazole 500 mg b.d. for the remaining 5 days (low-dose therapy), or a similar schedule with clarithromycin 500 mg b.d. (high-dose therapy). Four to six weeks after therapy, H. pylori eradication was assessed by endoscopy/histology. RESULTS: A similar H. pylori eradication rate was observed following low- and high-dose regimens for both per protocol (94% vs. 95%; P = N.S.) and intention-to-treat (93% vs. 94%; P = N.S.) analyses. No major side-effects were reported. Halving the clarithromycin dose leads to a per patient saving in pharmaceutical costs of 24.6 euros. None of the variables examined affected the effectiveness of eradication of the sequential regimen. CONCLUSION: A reduction of the clarithromycin dose does not affect H. pylori eradication with the sequential regimen in non-ulcer dyspepsia and affords lower costs.     

Seven-day therapy for Helicobacter pylori in the United States

BACKGROUND: The ideal duration of Helicobacter pylori treatment in the United States and whether eradication therapy is as successful in nonulcer dyspepsia as in peptic ulcer disease are controversial topics. AIM: This study compared the efficacy of 3-, 7- and 10-day triple therapies with rabeprazole to a 10-day omeprazole control triple therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with and without peptic ulcer disease in the United States. METHODS: This was a multicentre, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group trial. A total of 803 patients with H. pylori infection (determined by [13C]urea breath test and rapid urease test or culture) received either rabeprazole 20 mg b.d., amoxicillin 1000 mg b.d., and clarithromycin 500 mg b.d. for 3, 7, or 10 days, or 10 days of omeprazole 20 mg b.d. with the same antibiotic regimen (control). H. pylori status was assessed by [13C]urea breath test > or =6 weeks after completing treatment. RESULTS: In intent-to-treat patients, the eradication percentages achieved for the rabeprazole-based treatments were: 3-day, 27% (95% confidence interval: 21%-34%); 7-day, 77% (95% confidence interval: 71%-83%); and 10-day, 78% (95% confidence interval: 72%-84%). The eradication percentage with the 10-day omeprazole-based treatment was 73% (95% confidence interval: 67%-79%). There was no statistically significant difference between the 7-day rabeprazole-based regimen and the 10-day rabeprazole- and omeprazole-based regimens. CONCLUSIONS: Seven-day therapy with rabeprazole, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin is similar in efficacy to 10-day therapies and had similar efficacy in patients with and without ulcer disease.     

Levofloxacin-based triple therapy vs. quadruple therapy in second-line Helicobacter pylori treatment: a randomized trial

BACKGROUND: Levofloxacin has been shown to be effective in Helicobacter pylori eradication. Two 10-day levofloxacin-based triple therapies were compared with standard 7- and 14-day quadruple regimens in second-line treatment. METHODS: Two hundred and eighty consecutive patients who failed to respond to standard triple therapy (clarithromycin, amoxicillin, rabeprazole) were randomly assigned to four groups: (1) levofloxacin 500 mg o.d., amoxicillin 1 g b.d., rabeprazole 20 mg b.d. for 10 days (LAR, n = 70); (2) levofloxacin 500 mg o.d., tinidazole 500 mg b.d., rabeprazole 20 mg b.d. for 10 days (LTR, n = 70); (3) tetracycline 500 mg q.d.s., metronidazole 500 mg t.d.s., bismuth salt 120 mg q.d.s., rabeprazole 20 mg b.d. for 7 days (7TMBR, n = 70); and (4) for 14 days (14TMBR, n = 70). Helicobacter pylori status and side-effects were assessed 6 weeks after treatment. RESULTS: The eradication rate was 94% in the LAR group and 90% in the LTR group in both intention-to-treat and per protocol analyses. Helicobacter pylori eradication was achieved in 63 and 69% of the 7TMBR group and in 69 and 80% of the 14TMBR group in intention-to-treat and per protocol analysis, respectively. Side-effects were significantly lower in the LAR and LTR groups than in the 14TMBR group. CONCLUSION: Ten-day levofloxacin-based therapies are better than standard quadruple regimens as second-line option for H. pylori eradication.     

Five-day proton pump inhibitor-based quadruple therapy regimen is more effective than 7-day triple therapy regimen for Helicobacter pylori infection

BACKGROUND: There have been no reports that describe whether 5-day quadruple therapy (rabeprazole + amoxicillin + clarithromycin + metronidazole; RACM) could substitute for standard 7-day triple therapy as a first-line therapy for Helicobacter pylori. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study was designed as a randomized prospective single centre study. A total of 160 H. pylori-positive patients who had not received therapy were given either a 5-day RACM regimen (n=80, rabeprazole 20 mg b.d., amoxicillin 750 mg b.d., clarithromycin 200 mg b.d. and metronidazole 250 mg b.d.) or a 7-day RAC regimen (n=80, rabeprazole 20 mg b.d., amoxicillin 750 mg b.d. and clarithromycin 200 mg b.d.). Cure of the infection was assessed by a (13)C urea breath test 1 month after the completion of therapy. RESULTS: The eradication rates of the 5-day RACM regimen and the 7-day RAC regimen were 93% (95% CI: 84--97%) and 81% (95% CI: 71--89%) by intention-to-treat analysis, 94% (95% CI: 86--98%) and 83% (95% CI: 73--91%) by all-patients-treated analysis analysis and 95% (95% CI: 87--98%; P < 0.05) and 82% (95% CI: 72--90%) by per protocol analysis, respectively. No serious adverse effect was observed, and 99% of the patients reported complete compliance. CONCLUSIONS: The cure rate of the 5-day RACM regimen was more effective than the 7-day RAC regimen, suggesting that this regimen could be preferable as a first-line therapy for H. pylori infection.     

雷贝拉唑三联疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌相关性消化性溃疡的临床研究

目的探讨雷贝拉唑三联疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌相关性消化性溃疡的临床效果。方法选取本院2011年1月～2012年6月收治的幽门螺杆菌相关性消化性溃疡患者84例,随机分为两组。42例患者为对照组采用奥美拉唑三联疗法：奥美拉唑20mg/次、克拉霉素500mg/次、阿莫西林1000mg/次,2次/d,疗程为7d,后改为奥美拉唑20mg/次,1次/d,疗程为4周。42例患者为观察组采用雷贝拉唑三联疗法：雷贝拉唑20mg/次、克拉霉素500mg/次、阿莫西林1000mg/次,2次/d,疗程为7d,后改为雷贝拉唑20mg/次,1次/d,疗程为4周。比较两组患者疗程结束时症状缓解情况、溃疡愈合情况、幽门螺杆菌清除情况、不良反应情况。结果观察组症状缓解率为88.1%、治愈率为85.7%、幽门螺杆菌清除率为95.2%,均明显高于对照组的69.0%、66.7%、81.0%,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。观察组不良反应发生率（7.1%）低于对照组（19.0%）,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论雷贝拉唑三联疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌相关性消化性溃疡具有显著的临床疗效,可以明显缓解患者的临床病症,提高溃疡治愈率和幽门螺杆菌清除率,且不良反应较少,值得临床推广使用。     

雷贝拉唑+克拉霉素+左氧氟沙星三联疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌消化道溃疡的观察

目的：观察雷贝拉唑＋克拉霉素＋左氧氟沙星三联疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌消化道溃疡的疗效。方法：60例幽门螺杆菌阳性消化道溃疡患者随机平分为两组,两组患者都采用三联一周疗法,治疗组为雷贝拉唑＋克拉霉素＋左氧氟沙星治疗,对照组为奥美拉唑＋阿莫西林＋甲硝唑治疗。结果：经过治疗,治疗组30例96.7%的总有效率明显高于对照组70.0%的总有效率（P＜0.05）;治疗组90.0%的HP根除率明显高于对照组66.7%的HP根除率（P＜0.05）。结论：雷贝拉唑＋克拉霉素＋左氧氟沙星三联疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌消化道溃疡能提高疗效,提高HP根除率,值得推广应用。     

Three-day intravenous triple therapy is not effective for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with bleeding gastro-duodenal ulcer

AIM: To test the efficacy of an ultra-short intravenous triple therapy against Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with bleeding peptic ulcer against standard oral 1-week triple therapy in a randomised, double-blind prospective trial. METHODS: PATIENTS: (n = 75) with haemorrhagic peptic ulcer and H. pylori infection were randomised into: an Intravenous Group to receive omeprazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid intravenously b.d. for 3 days followed by 7 days of oral omeprazole plus placebo of clarithromycin and amoxicillin; an Oral Group to receive intravenous omeprazole plus placebo of clarithromycin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid followed by 7 days of oral omeprazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin b.d. Gastric biopsies were obtained for urease test. A 13C-urea breath test was performed to check for H. pylori eradication. RESULTS: Intention-to-treat eradication was 50% (19/38) in the Intravenous Group and 78% (29/37) in the Oral Group (odds ratio 3.63; 95% confidence interval 1.32-9.94; P < 0.01; number needed to treat (NNT) = 4). Per protocol eradication was 50% (14/28) in the Intravenous Group and 86% (24/28) in the Oral Group (P < 0.005). There were no statistically significant differences in adverse events between the two treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: An ultra-short, 3-day, intravenous, triple therapy containing omeprazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid cannot be recommended as an effective eradication regimen for H. pylori infection related to haemorrhagic gastro-duodenal ulcer.     

Review article: esomeprazole in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori

Proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapy is the most commonly used treatment for eradication of Helicobacter pylori, with pooled eradication rates of approximately 90%. In the USA, per protocol eradication rates with 10-day proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapy are approximately 85%. Esomeprazole, a new proton pump inhibitor that is the S-isomer of omeprazole and produces a greater inhibition of acid secretion than omeprazole, has recently been evaluated in the treatment of H. pylori. Seven-day twice daily triple therapy with esomeprazole 20 mg, amoxicillin 1 g and clarithromycin 500 mg provided intention-to-treat eradication rates of 86-90% and per protocol eradication rates of 90-91% in duodenal ulcer patients in Europe and Canada. Ten-day triple therapy with esomeprazole 40 mg q.d.s., amoxicillin 1 g b.d. and clarithromycin 500 mg b.d. achieved intention-to-treat eradication rates of 77-78% and per protocol eradication rates of 84-85% in USA duodenal ulcer patients. Thus, esomeprazole triple therapy with amoxicillin and clarithromycin is effective in the treatment of H. pylori, with eradication rates comparable to previously studied proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapies.     

Esomeprazole in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori

Proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapy is the most commonly used treatment for eradication of Helicobacter pylori , with pooled eradication rates of approximately 90%. In the USA, per protocol eradication rates with 10-day proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapy are approximately 85%. Esomeprazole, a new proton pump inhibitor that is the S-isomer of omeprazole and produces a greater inhibition of acid secretion than omeprazole, has recently been evaluated in the treatment of H. pylori . Seven-day twice daily triple therapy with esomeprazole 20 mg, amoxicillin 1 g and clarithromycin 500 mg provided intention-to-treat eradication rates of 86–90% and per protocol eradication rates of 90–91% in duodenal ulcer patients in Europe and Canada. Ten-day triple therapy with esomeprazole 40 mg q.d.s., amoxicillin 1 g b.d. and clarithromycin 500 mg b.d. achieved intention-to-treat eradication rates of 77–78% and per protocol eradication rates of 84–85% in USA duodenal ulcer patients. Thus, esomeprazole triple therapy with amoxicillin and clarithromycin is effective in the treatment of H. pylori , with eradication rates comparable to previously studied proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapies.     

Review article: the effectiveness of standard triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori has not changed over the last decade, but it is not good enough

BACKGROUND A decrease in the Helicobacter pylori eradication rate after standard triple therapy has been suggested in recent years. AIM To assess the efficacy of standard triple therapy in the eradication of H. pylori through an epidemiological analysis of all published Spanish trials. A secondary aim was to review the prevalence of clarithromycin resistance in Spain. METHODS Articles on H. pylori eradication in Spain published in peer-reviewed journals were identified through MEDLINE searches. Studies that included a triple therapy consisting of any proton pump inhibitor with clarithromycin (500 mg b.d.) and amoxicillin (1 g b.d.) for up to 14 days were selected. Spanish studies evaluating the prevalence of clarithromycin resistance were also reviewed. Meta-analysis was performed using the generic inverse variance method. RESULTS The pooled eradication rates by year from Spanish studies evaluating the efficacy of the standard triple regimen revealed a relatively constant rate over the years. Overall, the analysis of the 32 studies (4727 patients) showed a mean H. pylori cure rate of 80% (95% CI = 77-82%) by intention-to-treat and 83% (81-86%) by per-protocol. When only peptic ulcer disease or 7-day regimens were considered, results were similar. Based on 13 studies (3293 patients), mean clarithromycin resistance rate was 8% (5-10%). CONCLUSION?Although a decrease in the H. pylori eradication rate after triple therapy has been suggested in recent years, cure rates with this regimen did not change in Spain between 1997 and 2008. However, this by no means indicates that the efficacy of standard triple therapy in Spain is acceptable, as it has been calculated to be around only 80%. Therefore, it is evident that new strategies to improve first-line treatment are urgently needed.     

Rabeprazole-based 3-day and 7-day triple therapy vs. omeprazole-based 7-day triple therapy for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection

BACKGROUND: Rabeprazole is a new proton pump inhibitor with more potent acid suppressive and anti-Helicobacter effects. AIM: To compare two different regimens of rabeprazole-based triple therapy vs. 7-day omeprazole-based triple therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection. METHOD: Patients with proven H. pylori infection were randomized to receive: (i) 7-day rabeprazole, 10 mg, amoxicillin, 1000 mg, and clarithromycin, 500 mg, all twice daily; (ii) 3-day rabeprazole, 20 mg, amoxicillin, 1000 mg, and clarithromycin, 500 mg, all twice daily; or (iii) 7-day omeprazole, 20 mg, amoxicillin, 1000 mg, and clarithromycin, 500 mg, all twice daily. Endoscopy (CLO test, histology) was performed before randomization and 6 weeks after drug treatment. RESULTS: One hundred and seventy-three patients were randomized. H. pylori eradication rates (intention-to-treat, n=173/per protocol, n=167) were 88%/91% for 7-day rabeprazole-based therapy, 72%/72% for 3-day rabeprazole-based therapy and 82%/89% for 7-day omeprazole-based therapy, respectively. The per protocol eradication rate was significantly better in the 7-day rabeprazole-based therapy and 7-day omeprazole-based therapy groups when compared to the 3-day rabeprazole-based therapy group (P=0.01 and P=0.04, respectively). Compliance was excellent and all three regimens were well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of seven-day rabeprazole-based triple therapy is similar to 7-day omeprazole-based triple therapy for the eradication of H. pylori infection.     

Sequential treatment for Helicobacter pylori does not share the risk factors of triple therapy failure

BACKGROUND: Predicting factors for the outcome of conventional Helicobacter pylori triple therapy have been identified. Of these, the presence of the CagA gene is a strong predictor of successful treatment. Our preliminary data show that this factor becomes irrelevant when sequential therapy is used. AIM: To identify predicting factors for the outcome of H. pylori eradication using two therapeutic schemes (triple and sequential) of equal duration (10 days). METHODS: Ninety-six patients with H. pylori infection were randomly assigned to receive one of the following therapeutic schemes: group A: rabeprazole (20 mg b.d.) plus amoxicillin (1 g b.d.) for 5 days, followed by rabeprazole (20 mg b.d.) plus tinidazole (500 mg b.d.) and clarithromycin (500 mg b.d.) for a further 5 days; group B: rabeprazole (20 mg b.d.) plus amoxicillin (1 g b.d.) and clarithromycin (500 mg b.d.) for 10 days. Age, sex, smoking, endoscopic and histological findings, and CagA and VacA status were considered as candidates for a model of multivariate analysis which used therapeutic outcome as the dependent variable. CagA and VacA status were assessed by polymerase chain reaction on DNA isolated from gastric antral specimens. RESULTS: The sequential scheme was significantly more effective than prolonged triple therapy (P < 0.05). Smoking (P < 0.001) and the absence of the CagA gene (P < 0.05) were significantly associated with the failure of triple therapy, but the effectiveness of sequential treatment was not predicted by these factors. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that sequential therapy is not affected by bacterial and host factors which have, until now, predicted the outcome of conventional eradication treatments.     

序贯与标准三联疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌阳性消化性溃疡的临床观察

目的比较序贯与标准三联疗法根除幽门螺杆菌(Hp)以及治疗Hp阳性消化性溃疡的临床疗效,探讨影响根除Hp的因素。方法将经胃镜确诊为消化性溃疡(A期)且Hp阳性的患者90例按随机数字表达分为3组,序贯疗法A组(30例):前5d埃索美拉唑20mg,2次/d+阿莫西林1.0,2次/d,后5d埃索美拉唑镁肠溶片20mg,2次/d+克拉霉素0.5g,2次/d+替硝唑0.5g,2次/d;序贯疗法B组(30例):前5d埃索美拉唑镁肠溶片40mg,2次/d+阿莫西林1.0g,2次/d,后5d埃索美拉唑镁肠溶片40mg,2次/d+克拉霉素0.5g,2次/d+替硝唑0.5g,2次/d;标准三联疗法C组(30例):埃索美拉唑镁肠溶片20mg,2次/d+阿莫西林1.0g,2次/d+克拉霉素0.5g,2次/d,疗程10d。用药结束后至少4周复查14C-尿素呼气试验(14C-UBT),观察3组Hp根除率,同时通过问卷调查和电话随访记录患者症状缓解情况、药物不良反应,并对各组进行成本-效果分析,用Logistic回归分析方法筛选出影响HP根除结果的相关因素。结果①A、B、C3组Hp根除率分别为83%、87%和60%,C组与A、B2组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。②3组临床症状评分于治疗后均呈明显缓解趋势,差异无统计学意义;3组不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。③成本-效果分析显示A组、B组成本效果比值(C/E)均低于C组。④影响Hp根除率的相关因素分析:与年龄、既往溃疡病史、治疗分组、溃疡的部位以及胃黏膜组织快速尿素酶试验(RUT)结果有关。结论①序贯疗法治疗Hp阳性的消化性溃疡具有较高的Hp根除率。A组成本效果比更高。②年龄愈长者、既往无溃疡病史及治疗前RUT为弱阳性的十二指肠溃疡患者Hp根除率高。     

Efficacy of quadruple therapy with pantoprazole,bismuth, tetracycline and metronidazole as rescue treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection

AIM: To study the efficacy of a 7-day quadruple regimen combining pantoprazole, bismuth, tetracycline and metronidazole as rescue treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection after failure of standard triple therapy. METHODS: A prospective study was made of 140 patients infected with H. pylori and diagnosed with peptic ulcer or non-ulcer dyspepsia in whom triple therapy with proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin and amoxicillin had failed. The patients were treated with quadruple therapy including pantoprazole, 40 mg twice daily, colloidal bismuth subcitrate, 120 mg four times daily, tetracycline, 500 mg four times daily, and metronidazole, 500 mg three times daily, for 7 days. Two months after completion of therapy, a 13C-urea breath test was performed to confirm eradication. RESULTS: With quadruple therapy, the H. pylori eradication rates were 82% (95% confidence interval (CI), 75-88%) by 'intention-to-treat' and 85% (95% CI, 79-91%) by 'per protocol'. No major side-effects were observed. No differences in eradication success were observed in relation to underlying disease (peptic ulcer: 85% (95% CI, 76-91%) vs. non-ulcer dyspepsia: 83% (95% CI, 68-93%)) or smoking habits (smokers: 86% (95% CI, 75-93%) vs. non-smokers: 83% (95% CI, 71-91%)). CONCLUSION: Quadruple therapy with pantoprazole, bismuth, tetracycline and metronidazole for 7 days is an effective H. pylori eradication treatment for patients in whom standard triple therapy has failed.     

A new highly effective short-term therapy schedule for Helicobacter pylori eradication

BACKGROUND: Although triple therapy regimens suggested in the Current European guidelines give fairly good results, several studies have reported an unsatisfactory Helicobacter pylori eradication rate (< 80%). AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of a new short-term treatment sequence on H. pylori eradication. METHODS: A total of 52 patients with H. pylori infection and either non-ulcer dyspepsia (34 patients) or peptic ulcer (18 patients) were enrolled to receive a 10-day therapy: omeprazole 20 mg b.d. plus amoxycillin 1 g b.d. for the first 5 days, followed by omeprazole 20 mg b.d., clarithromycin 500 mg b.d. and tinidazole 500 mg b.d. for the remaining 5 days. H. pylori infection at entry was assessed by rapid urease test and histology on biopsies from the antrum and the corpus. Bacterial eradication was assessed by endoscopy (peptic ulcer patients) or 13C urea breath test (non-ulcer dyspepsia patients) 4-6 weeks after therapy had ended. RESULTS: All patients completed the study. H. pylori eradication was achieved in all but one patient, with an eradication rate of 98% (95% CI: 94.3-100) with intention-to-treat analysis. Patient compliance was good (consumption of prescribed drugs > 95%) for all but one patient, who took the triple therapy regimen for 4 days instead of 5 days. No major side-effects were reported but three (6%) patients complained of mild side-effects. CONCLUSIONS: The use of this 'five plus five' therapy schedule as an initial treatment for H. pylori deserves further investigation.     

3种根除幽门螺杆菌方案的疗效比较

目的：评价三联疗法、四联疗法和序贯疗法根除幽门螺杆菌（Hp）的疗效。方法：将经胃镜检查确诊为慢性胃炎和消化性溃疡且Hp阳性的240例患者以随机抽样法分为3组,三联疗法组（雷贝拉唑＋阿莫西林＋克拉霉素）、四联疗法组（雷贝拉唑＋阿莫西林＋克拉霉素＋胶体果胶铋）和序贯疗法组（前5 d使用雷贝拉唑＋阿莫西林,后5 d使用雷贝拉唑＋克拉霉素＋甲硝唑）,治疗结束停药4周后行14C-尿素呼气试验复查,比较3组Hp根除率。结果：（1）三联疗法组、四联疗法组和序贯疗法组按意向治疗（ITT）分析其Hp根除率分别为73.75%、92.5%和81.25%,3组按方案治疗（PP）分析其Hp根除率分别为77.63%、93.67%和83.33%,2种分析方法比较,四联疗法组Hp根除率优于三联疗法组和序贯疗法组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;三联疗法组与序贯疗法组Hp根除率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。（2）三联疗法组、四联疗法组和序贯疗法组成本-效果比按ITT分析分别为1.75、1.57和1.79,按PP分析分别为1.67、1.55和1.65。结论：根除Hp四联疗法是一种高效、安全、经济的治疗方案。     

低剂量新三联疗法根除血透患者幽门螺杆菌的疗效及安全性研究

目的研究以低剂量奥美拉唑为基本药物联合低剂量阿莫西林胶囊和克拉霉素片的7日新三联疗法治疗维持性血液透析患者幽门螺杆菌的疗效及安全性。方法选取22例合并幽门螺杆菌感染的血透患者为研究对象,同时选取30例各脏器功能正常的合并幽门螺杆菌患者为对照组,血透患者和对照组的服药剂量为：奥美拉唑胶囊20mg qd、阿莫西林胶囊500mg bid、克拉霉素片250mg qd,疗程均为1周,停药4周后通过组织学及碳呼气试验检测幽门螺杆菌的感染情况,比较两组的幽门螺杆菌根除率。结果血透患者幽门螺杆菌的清除率为81.8%,而非尿毒症患者为80%（P〉0.05）。所有研究对象均未发生严重的不良反应。结论低剂量新三联疗法对根除血透患者幽门螺杆菌是有效及安全的。     

雷贝拉唑三联疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌相关性消化性溃疡的疗效观察

目的观察雷贝拉唑三联疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌(Hp)相关性消化性溃疡的临床疗效。方法将胃镜检查经快速尿素检测和病理检查为Hp阳性或14C呼气试验检测阳性患者60例随机分为雷贝拉唑组35例和奥美拉唑组25例。雷贝拉唑组每天口服雷贝拉唑10mg、克拉霉素500mg、甲硝唑400mg,均每天2次,疗程5d;奥美拉唑组每天口服奥美拉唑20mg、克拉霉素500mg、甲硝唑400mg,均每天2次,疗程7d。比较2组治疗总有效率、Hp根除率及溃疡愈合率。结果 2组总有效率及Hp根除率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。雷贝拉唑溃疡愈合率为91.4%高于奥美拉唑组的64.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论雷贝拉唑三联疗法能明显缓解消化性溃疡症状,对溃疡有较高的愈合率及Hp清除率。