精神分裂症与G72基因多态性的关联

目的：探讨在云南省汉族人群中D-氨基酸氧化酶激活基因（G72）多态性与精神分裂症的关联性。方法：采用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态（PCR-RFLP）方法,在云南汉族276例精神分裂症患者和312例健康对照者中进行G72基因3个多态位点（rs9558562,rs45476401,rs3918341）的分型。结果：各位点在病例组和对照组中基因型分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡。无论在男女混合样本,还是分别在男性、女性样本中,rs9558562,rs45476401,rs3918341在病例组和对照组间的等位基因频率分布差异均无显著性（P均〉0.05）。结论：G72基因rs9558562,rs45476401和rs3918341多态与云南汉族精神分裂症发病无显著相关。     

PLA2G6基因多态性与偏执型精神分裂症的关联

目的：探讨PLA2G6基因多态性与偏执型精神分裂症的关系.方法：采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）和限制性内切酶片段长度多态性（RFLP）方法,在109个偏执型精神分裂症患者核心家系中检测PLA2G6基因上的3个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）（rs2235346、rs2272831和rs2284060）.运用单倍型相对风险（HRR）分析和传递不平衡分析（TDT）方法进行关联分析.结果：所检测的3个SNPs的基因型在患者组和父母组中频数分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡.HRR和TDT分析均表明,rs2272831位点与偏执型精神分裂症相关联（χ^2=5.590,υ=1,P=0.018;χ^2=5.333,υ=1,P=0.021）,而rs2235346和rs2284060位点与偏执型精神分裂症无关联.结论：PLA2G6基因可能是偏执型精神分裂症的易感基因.     

精神分裂症与多巴胺D3受体基因多态性的关联分析：家族史有无影响？

在精神分裂症的病因中间,遗传因素有重要地位。近年来对该病易患基因的连锁分析已作过一些探讨,但至今尚无明确结论。由于精神分裂症有可能受多基因控制,因而关联分析对病因研究是很有效的一种方法。英国Cordiff和法国Rouffach的两个研究小组曾分别报道精神分裂症与多巴胺D3受体基因(D3RG)的关联。在扩     

精神分裂症患者的eNOS基因G894T多态性研究

近年来,一氧化氮(NO)在精神分裂症发病中的作用逐步引起重视。有许多研究[1,2]表明精神分裂症患者血浆或脑脊液中NO浓度异常,还有研究[3]发现精神分裂症阳性家族史者的血清NO水平高于阴性家族史者。一氧化氮合成酶(NOS)是NO合成中的主要限速酶,多数研究认为内皮型一氧化氮合成酶(eNOS)基因多态性是影响eNOS合成NO的重要因素,因此我们对精神分裂症患者的eNOS基因G894T多态性进行了研究。1资料和方法1.1对象:为来自2003年3月至2006年11月我院流行病学调查和门诊/住院的患者,均符合中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第3版(CCMD-3)精神分…     

载脂蛋白E基因多态性与难治性精神分裂症关联分析

目的 比较汉族人群难治性精神分裂症与非难治性精神分裂症患者外周血载脂蛋白（apoE）基因多态性的差异。方法 采用聚合酶链反应和限制性片段长度多态性技术，检测75名正常人（以下简称对照组）、138例难治性精神分裂症患者（以下简称难治组）及97例非难治性精神分裂症患者（以下简称非难治组）的apoE基因型，分别比较精神分裂症患者与对照组、难治组和非难治组间的apoE基因多态性。结果精神分裂症患者apoE3／4基因型、￡。等位基因频率（39．6％，21．9％）明显高于对照组（6．7％，3．3％），而其2／2基因型、3／3基因型和￡3等位基因（0．0％，48．5％，72．3％）明显低于对照组（1．3％，78．7％，88．7％），P均〈0．01。难治组apoE3／4基因型、g4等位基因频率（46．4％，26．1％）高于非难治组（29．9％，16．0％），而其2／3基因型频率（4．3％）明显低于非难治组（13．4％），P均〈0．01～0．05。结论 apoE3／4基因型和￡。等位基因可能是精神分裂症及其难治性的危险因子之一。     

精神分裂症和心境障碍混合家系5-HTR 6基因多态性的关联分析

目的 在中国汉族人群精神分裂症和心境障碍混合家系中探讨五羟色胺6受体（5-HTR6）基因267C／T多态性与精神分裂症、心境障碍的关联性。方法 采用聚合酶链反应一限制性片断长度多态（PCR—RFLP）技术对67例精神病混合家系患者及其父母进行5-HTR6基因267C／T多态性检测,并予以传递不平衡检验（TDT）。结果 患者组与父母组之间,5-HTR6基因267C／T多态性等位基因分布（χ^2=2．70,v=1,P〉0．05）和基因型分布（χ^2=2．97,v=2,P〉0．05）无明显差异,5-HTR6基因267C／T多态性与精神分裂症（χ^2=5．16,P〈0．05）存在关联,但与心境障碍（χ^2=2．17,P〉0．05）无关联。结论 在中国汉族人群中5-HTR6基因或邻近基因可能是精神分裂症易患基因之一,但可能不是心境障碍的易患基因。     

色氨酸羟化酶基因多态性与精神分裂症的关联研究

目的探讨中国汉族人群色氨酸羟化酶(TPH)基因A218C多态性与精神分裂症的关系。方法选取符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-IV)精神分裂症诊断标准的患者212例和正常对照168名,应用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)扩增及限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)技术检测TPH基因A218C多态性,比较两组基因型和等位基因频率。结果TPH基因的A218C多态性基因型和等位基因频数在患者组与对照组间的分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。②女性患者等位基因A频率显著高于女性对照组(χ2=4.905,P=0.027,OR=1.637,95%CI:1.057~2.536)。③早发型与晚发型分裂症间基因型和等位基因频率的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。④患者组家族史阴性和阳性亚组间的A218C多态性的基因型和等位基因频率的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论TPH基因A218C多态性等位基因A可能是女性精神分裂症的危险因子。     

5-羟色胺1A受体基因C(-1019)G多态性与精神分裂症的关联分析

目的:探讨云南地区汉族人群中5-羟色胺1A(5-HT1A)受体基因C(-1019)G多态性与精神分裂症的关联,及其对症状组成、前额叶执行功能的可能影响. 方法:应用阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)、简明精神病评定量表(BPRS)、外显攻击量表(OAS)等评定患者症状,威斯康星卡片分类测验(WCST)评定精神分裂症和正常人前额叶执行功能.142例精神分裂症患者和84名正常对照分别用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法进行基因分型. 结果:云南地区汉族人群中,5-HT1A受体基因启动子区C(-1019)G多态性在精神分裂症和正常人之间的各量表分差异有显著性(P=0.001).C(-1019)G多态性对PANSS中因子被动淡漠性社会退缩(N4)(P=0.010)、言语缺乏主动性和流畅性(N6)(P=0.004)、阴性症状总分(NT)(P=0.013)、紧张(G4)(P=0.005)、自发社交回避(G16)(P=0.013),以及BPRS中的因子4激活性(P=0.026)等条目得分的形成影响有显著性.C(-1019)G多态性与WCST各条目不相关. 结论:云南地区汉族人群中,5-HT1A受体基因启动子区C(-1019)G多态性与精神分裂症显著相关,对精神分裂症症状组成可能起一定作用,但与WCST反映的前额叶执行功能状态并无显著相关.     

精神分裂症和心境障碍混合家系MLC1基因多态性的关联研究

目的在中国汉族人群精神分裂症和心境障碍混合家系中探讨位于22q13的MLC1基因多态性(rs11568171、rs2076137及rs2235349)与精神分裂症、心境障碍的关系。方法在有精神分裂症和心境障碍混合遗传家族史的67个核心家系(包括44个完整的核心家系)中,采用聚合酶链式反应和限制性片断长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法,分析MLC1基因上述多态性的基因型及其单体型,进行传递不平衡检验(TDT)。结果患者组与父母组之间,MLC1基因rs11568171T/C、rs2076137T/C及rs2235349T/C多态性等位基因和基因型分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),且TDT结果示各多态性在精神分裂症或心境障碍组中父母与患者之间等位基因传递差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。单体型TDT显示,精神分裂症患者组中父母与患者之间单体型T-C-T明显传递过少(2=5.0,P<0.05),而单体型C-C-C明显传递过多(2=5.0,P<0.05)。结论在中国汉族人群中MLC1基因可能是精神分裂症的易感基因,但可能不是心境障碍的易感基因。     

精神分裂症与APO E基因的关联研究

目的为了探讨汉族人ＡＰＯＥ基因与精神分裂症病因之间的关系。方法随机抽取２０７例精神分裂症患者作研究，以１６０例正常人作对照。用聚合酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ）扩增技术及限制性片段长度多态性（ＲＦＬＰｓ）技术测定所研究对象的ＡＰＯＥ基因型和等位基因。结果发现精神分裂症与ＡＰＯＥ基因的基因型及等位基因均无关联。结论ＡＰＯＥ基因在汉族人精神分裂症的病因发病中不起重要作用     

胱硫醚-β-合成酶基因多态性与精神分裂症核心家系的关联研究

目的:探讨胱硫醚-β-合成酶(cystathionine-beta-synthase,CBS)基因多态性与精神分裂症的关系。方法:采用聚合酶链式反应和DNA测序技术,检测75个精神分裂症核心家系CBS基因T833C、G919A多态性,采用单倍体相对风险度(haplotyperelativerisk,HRR)分析和传递不平衡检验(transmission disequilibrium test,TDT)分析CBS基因多态性与精神分裂症的关系。结果:所有受检者均未发现CBS基因T833C、G919A多态性,但下游8-9内含子33bp处见G→A突变。患者组G→A突变的基因型频率[GG(82.67%),GA(14.67%),AA(2.66%)]与父母组[GG(81.33%),GA(16%),AA(2.67%)]比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.29,P>0.05),患者组G→A突变的等位基因频率[G(90%),A(10%)]与父母组[G(89.33%),A(10.67%)]比较差异也无统计学意义(χ2=0.32,P>0.05)。HRR分析未显示G→A突变与精神分裂症有关联(χ2=0.21,P>0.05),TDT分析未见A等位基因在杂合双亲向患病子女的传递中有优势性(χ2=1.80,P>0.05)。结论:CBS基因多态性可能不是精神分裂症的遗传学危险因素。     

No association between the G308A polymorphism of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene and schizophrenia

Several linkage analyses in schizophrenia research point to a locus on chromosome 6p22, where the gene coding for tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is located. A marked influence of antipsychotic medication on TNF-α has been described. As the involvement of an immune process in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia has been discussed, a functional TNF-α polymorphism appears to be a candidate in genetic schizophrenia research. The G308A polymorphism of the TNF-α gene was described to be associated with increased TNF-α production. Boin and colleagues have already described a significant association between the polymorphic allele and schizophrenia, investigating 84 schizophrenic patients (21 % polymorphic allele) and 138 healthy volunteers (11 % polymorphic allele), recruited in Northern Italy. We carried out a replication study including 157 schizophrenic patients and 186 healthy persons, who were recruited in Southern Germany. Psychopathology was additionally monitored by PANSS. We were not able to replicate the findings of Boin et al., as we did not find any difference in allele frequency or genotype distribution between our schizophrenic patients (13.7 % polymorphic allele) and healthy controls (16.9 % polymorphic allele). Moreover, we did not find any association between genotype and psychopathology, as measured by PANSS. The different results between these two studies may be due to ethnic differences. Received: 22 April 2002 / Received in revised form: 3 September 2002 / Accepted: 4 September 2002 Correspondence to Markus J. Schwarz, M. D.     

Association between the DAOA/G72 gene and bipolar disorder and meta-analyses in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia

Müller DJ, Zai CC, Shinkai T, Strauss J, Kennedy JL. Association between the DAOA/G72 gene and bipolar disorder and meta‐analyses in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.
Bipolar Disord 2011: 13: 198–207. © 2011 The Authors.
Journal compilation © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Objective: The d ‐amino acid oxidase activator (DAOA, or G72) is involved in the oxidation of d ‐serine, an endogenous modulator of N‐methyl‐d ‐aspartate receptors and thus represents an important candidate in psychotic disorders. Several studies reported the DAOA/G72 gene to be associated with schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD); however, the associated polymorphisms varied between SZ and BD. This study attempts to replicate the DAOA/G72 findings in BD and to conduct subgroup analyses based on the presence or absence of psychotic symptoms. Methods: Five polymorphisms of the DAOA/G72 gene (rs1341402, rs1935062, rs2391191, rs947267, and rs778294) were analysed for association with BD in a family‐based study design (303 core families including 916 individuals). We also conducted a meta‐analysis of DAOA/G72 polymorphisms in BD and SZ. Results: Marker rs1935062 was significantly associated with BD diagnosis in our sample (Z‐score for C‐allele = ?2.33, p = 0.02, uncorrected for genome‐wide multiple comparisons). When we examined the subset of BD patients with psychotic symptoms (157 families), no significant results were obtained. Our meta‐analysis yielded negative findings for DAOA/G72 markers in BD and positive findings for marker rs2391191 in SZ in East Asians. However, significant heterogeneity across studies limits interpretation. Conclusions: Our results provide evidence that suggests a possible role of the DAOA/G72 gene in BD and SZ. Marker rs1935062 may be specifically associated with BD, while marker rs2391191 may be associated with SZ but not with BD. Together with previous studies, these findings suggest that the DAOA/G72 gene confers susceptibility to both BD and SZ, but that different polymorphisms may potentially differentiate between these two disorders.     

Family-based association study between G72/G30 genetic polymorphism and schizophrenia

Genetic variations in G72/G30 have been reported to be associated with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders in several case-control studies. This gene is located in a genomic region known to contain susceptibility genes for schizophrenia. As case-control studies carry an increased risk of confounding through population stratification, we investigate whether the rs947267 (A/C) polymorphism is associated with schizophrenia in a family-based association study. This polymorphism is located within the G72/G30 gene and has been previously associated with bipolar disorders. The sample consisted of a total of 216 Chinese families that included an affected offspring and parents. Transmission disequilibrium analysis revealed a significant association between the G72/G30 rs947267 polymorphism and schizophrenia (P=0.016), with the A allele more commonly transmitted to patients. Further analysis stratified by sex showed that the A allele was significantly more overtransmitted than nontransmitted in the trios of male probands (P=0.031), but not in the trios of female probands. Our family-based association study supports the suggestion that the G72/G30 gene may be implicated in susceptibility to schizophrenia and there may be an interaction between this gene and sex in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.     

难治性精神分裂症与亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶基因多态性的关联分析

目的:探讨难治性精神分裂症与亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶(MTHFR)基因C677T和A1298C多态性的关系。方法:应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片断长度多态性方法(PCR-RFLP)检测102名正常对照、138例难治性精神分裂症患者及97例非难治性精神分裂症患者MTHFR基因的C677T和A1298C多态性。结果:患者组与对照组,难治组与非难治组C677T、A1298C基因型分布差异均无统计学意义(C677T,χ2=4.83,P=0.09;χ2=1.90,P=0.39;A1298C,χ2=1.50,P=0.47;χ2=3.90,P=0.14),而患者组C677T的T等位基因频率显著高于正常对照组(P=0.04),难治组A1298C的C等位基因频率显著高于非难治组(P=0.04)。677TT/1298AA、677CT/1298AC复合基因型患病相对风险度比677CC/1298AA型显著提高(OR=4.13,95%CI=1.26～13.58,P=0.02;OR=2.95,95%CI=1.23～7.07,P=0.01),而在难治组和非难治组中,复合基因型差异无统计学意义。结论:MTHFR基因677T等位基因和677TT/1298AA、677CT/1298AC复合基因型是精神分裂症发病危险因素,MTHFR基因1298C等位基因可能是难治性精神分裂症的危险因子之一。     

α7-烟碱样乙酰胆碱受体基因多态性与精神分裂症的关联研究

目的 研究α7-熘碱样乙酰胆碱受体基因rs1042724多态性与精神分裂症的相关性。方法运用聚合酶链反应扩增及单核苷酸多态性的分子生物学技术，对符合精神分裂症诊断标准的98个先证者及其父母组成的核心家系，测定α7-烟碱样乙酰胆碱受体基因分型，进行精神分裂症的α7-烟碱样乙酰胆碱受体基因多态性的关联分析和传递不平衡（TDT）检验。结果TDT检验结果提示α7-烟碱样乙酰胆碱受体基因等位基因与精神分裂症之间的相关性（McNemarX^2=4．21，P〈0．05），且等位基因T携带者，其精神分裂症的易患性是C携带者的1．31倍（RR=1．31,X^2（RR）=3．96，P〈0．05）。结论 提示α7-烟碱样乙酰胆碱受体基因rs1042724与精神分裂症相关联。