Competencias de investigación en las especialidades de Enfermería

Since nursing became an university degree in 1977, there have been several regulations to develop specialties, all of them agreeing on the need to include skills in research. Indeed, the relevance of acquiring these skills in all current disciplines has led to Royal Decree 99/2011, which regulates the official PhD courses, and recognises specialist nurses as qualified to access PhD studies.Nowadays, students from six of the seven specialties included in the Royal Decree 450/2005 on nursing specialties, are performing their training. The acquisition of research skills is seen as an opportunity and a challenge. However, the organizational structure of training facilities (multiprofessional teaching units) and the incorporation of nurses as clinical tutors, who initiated this teaching activity, deserve special attention to ensure the correct acquisition of research skills in the training of specialist nurses.     

Atención de la patología aguda de enfermería en atención primaria: caso clínico en la odinofagia

Since 2008, the Institut Catala de la Salut (ICS) introduced the nurses management plan for acute pathology, in primary care centres.In the implementation of this system of organization, the ICS introduced various diseases protocols with performance algorithms.To raise awareness of the the practice of acute pathology, we present a clinical case. An urgent consultation of a 30 year-old male, with fever, sore throat and cough, which was managed and resolved by a nurse.The aim of this new management plan is that nursing is the first health professional to take care of patient coming to primary care centre without a scheduled visit, to avoid saturating the general clinic or hospital emergencies. This new organisational system involves an increase in the responsibilities of nursing in the diagnosis and treatment of patients.     

Atención de enfermería en paciente con síndrome de Kounis

Kounis syndrome is defined as the occurrence of a coronary event secondary to a severe allergic reaction. This syndrome is described as poorly known, underdiagnosed and with a low prevalence whose aetiology is difficult to know due to the large number of causative agents.The objective is to create an individualized care plan for a patient with Kounis syndrome.The nursing assessment was performed on admission using Virginia Henderson's need theory. A care plan was developed following the NANDA-NOC-NIC taxonomy. After the planning and execution phase, the proposed activities were evaluated, thus verifying that the objectives had been achieved.     

Descripción de un caso: intervención de enfermería en un niño diagnosticado de limpieza ineficaz de las vías aéreas

The nursing diagnosis of inefficient airway clearance is prevalent in children. The present report describes the airway management intervention carried out over 5 consecutive days in a child admitted to a pediatric unit, using an instrument based on the indicators of respiratory rate, respiratory ease, respiratory rhythm, and adventitious breath sounds, included in the nursing outcome of “respiratory status: airway patency” of the Nursing Outcomes Classification. Monitoring was started after informed consent was obtained. The anonymity and confidentiality of the data were guaranteed. The monitoring started with a baseline evaluation of the child, followed by implementation of each activity in a pre-established order. On the following days, the nursing interventions implemented were evaluated once a day in the morning by the researcher. After implementing the selected activities, an improvement of 75% in health status was observed, generating an ascendant tendency line. The difference in means per follow-up day showed variations of 0.25 and 0.5. The final health status mean, i.e. the mean difference between the value of the last follow-up day and the initial status, showed a variation of 0.25. In conclusion, the intervention was satisfactory and hastened recovery, reduced length of hospital stay and the associated economic costs, and was painless and easy to perform.     

Género y profesión en la evolución histórica de la Enfermería Comunitaria en España

Community and public health is probably the field where nurses have achieved the highest levels of professional independence, and their contribution is most valued. However, there are still major obstacles to full development, some of them linked to gender. It is therefore important to analyse the historical background of this situation in Spain in order to gain a better understanding of the many problems and shortcomings that still persist in Community Nursing today. Community nurses contributed to the development of Public Health in contemporary Spain, starting in the 1920s and culminating in the Second Republic. However, the Franco regime brought a halt to the process of professionalisation. By analysing the public conflict between visiting female nurses and practicantes (professional male medical auxiliary technicians) during the Second Republic and throughout the Franco regime, we examine the impact of gender on the development of nursing in Spain as one of the conditioning factors, and how it continues to influence the structuring of competencies and the distribution of responsibilities and power in this field.     

Impacto de un programa de promoción del autocontrol en estudiantes de enfermería

Objective

To describe the characteristics of positive mental health in nursing students, and to determine the impact of a self-control promotion program.