石河子地区甲状腺乳头状癌与ABO血型分布的相关性分析

目的：探讨石河子地区甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)的发生与ABO血型的关系。方法：回顾性分析行手术治疗后病理报告为PTC的患者ABO血型,与同期入院非恶性肿瘤的1 375例患者ABO血型分布进行比较,分析各ABO血型发生PTC的相对危险度。结果：PTC组患者血型分布特点是O(34.2%)>B(33.0%)>A(24.1%)>AB(8.7%),与对照组血型构成比相比,PTC组的A型血低于对照组(31.6%),O型血高于对照组(29.1%)(P均<0.05);PTC组的B型血和AB型血和对照组(B型29.7%,AB型9.7%)相比,差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05);非条件Logistic回归分析显示A血型患者患PTC的相对危险度低于其他血型者(P<0.05,OR=0.737,95%CI=0.570～0.953)。结论：石河子地区PTC发病与ABO血型有关,A型血人群患PTC的风险性较低。     

骨关节结核与ABO血型的相关性研究

目的探讨骨关节结核与ABO血型间的相关性,为骨关节结核的预防和治疗提供依据。方法选取2011年3月～2016年10月住院的骨关节结核病人433例进行系统的ABO血型分布分析,以同期体检中心5 878名健康体检人群为对照,分析ABO血型与骨关节结核的相关性及相对危险度。结果①健康人群ABO血型分布为:A型25. 5%(1499/5 878)、B型34. 7%(2 042/5 878)、O型29. 9%(1 751/5 878)、AB型10. 0%(586/5 878),各血型分布比例顺序为B> O> A> AB; 433例骨关节结核病人的ABO血型分布为:A型22. 2%(96/433)、B型31. 0%(134/433)、O型34. 9%(151/433)、AB型12. 0%(52/433),各血型分布比例顺序为O> B> A> AB,组间分布差异有统计学意义(P=0. 036 <0. 05);②相对危险度分析:O型血的相对危险度最高,AB型血的相对危险度次之,A型、B型血的相对危险度最低。结论骨关节结核病人中O型血比例及相对危险度均高于健康人群,O型血是骨关节结核的风险因子。     

血型与恶性肿瘤发病的相关性分析

目的:探讨ABO系统血型与恶性肿瘤发病率关系及血型性格特征与恶性肿瘤发病机理相关性。方法:经ABO血型确定血型。结果:中国江、淅、皖、闽地区ABO血型分布:A型:30.0%;B型:25.3%;O型:38.1%;AB型:6.6%;1713例恶性肿瘤患者中血型分布:A型:26.2%;B型:19.5%;O型:48.4%;AB型:5.9%;根据统计数字显示:O型血人群恶性肿瘤发病率明显高于O型血在人群中的分布。各系统恶性肿瘤发病率情况消化系统最高占45.1%,其次为泌尿生殖系统。消化系统恶性肿瘤患者O型者高达53.0%。结论:结果表明。恶性肿瘤的产生不仅与环境因素(包括食物、水源、空气质量)等有关,而且与人的性格特点、心理素质呈一定的关系。     

192名中职学生ABO血型分布调查

目的：了解中职学生ABO血型分布特点,为血液贮备提供指导。方法：采用玻片快速凝集法对192名中职学生ABO血型进行检测,并对学生ABO血型在性别、民族和地区的分布情况进行统计分析。结果：192名中职学生ABO血型的分布O型〉A型〉B型〉AB型,AB型血所占比例最小（8.9%）。A型、B型、AB型和O型四种血型的性别分布（χ2=0.885,P=0.829）、民族分布（χ2=3.614,P=0.306）和地区分布（χ2=0.058,P=0.996）差异均无统计学意义。结论：应根据血型分布特点贮备血液。     

支气管炎病人ABO血型分布

目的：探讨支气管炎病人ABO血型分布特点。方法：将支气管炎病人296例（男182人,女114人）ABO血型与对照组人群进行比较分析。结果：支气管炎病人A型、B型、O型、AB型所占比例分别为31.1%、25.0%、37.5%、6.4%;城镇患者ABO血型分布比例差异明显（χ^2=6.967,P=0.008）。支气管炎病人各血型与对照组比较,差异均有极显著性差异（P〈0.01）;男性AB血型与支气管炎的关系具有统计学意义（χ^2=5.501,P=0.019）,其危险性是非AB血型的2.35倍。结论：支气管炎病人以O型居多,A型次之,B型再次,AB型最少;男性多于女性。男性AB血型患支气管炎的危险性大。支气管炎与地区、环境卫生等有密切关系,有明显城镇化倾向。     

258例儿童先天性室间隔缺损ABO血型分析

目的分析儿童先天性室间隔缺损ABO血型的特点。方法对258例先天性室间隔缺损儿童ABO血型进行分析,男性144例,女性114例,年龄在1～14岁之间。结果对患先天性室间隔缺损儿童血型分析,发现血型为A和AB型的儿童患先天性室间隔缺损频率较高(分别为42.25%和11.24%),OR分别为1.63和2.21,与对照组比较有显著性的统计学意义(即A型χ2=7.02,P<0.01;AB型χ2=5.71,P<0.05);A/O、AB/O抗原病人组与对照组比较,OR分别为1.72和2.62χ2值分别为6.72和7.51,均有显著的统计学意义(P<0.01),而O型则相反,患先天性室间隔缺损的机率相对减少。结论血型为A型和AB型儿童患先天性室间隔缺损机率显著高于血型为O型的儿童。     

临沂市汉族人Graves病与ABO血型的相关性

目的探讨Graves病(GD)与ABO血型的关系。方法调查临沂市汉族人群的ABO血型分布及汉族GD患者的ABO血型分布,分析比较A型、B型、AB型、O型在不同人群中的构成比差异,比较各种血型患GD的相对危险度(OR)。用玻片凝集法检测ABO血型。用电化学发光法测病人的FT3、FT4、TSH、TPOAb、TSHR-Ab。结果临沂市汉族人群ABO血型的分布特点为:B型(30.64%)>A型(30.02%)>O型(28.88%)>AB型(10.46%);临沂市汉族GD患者的血型分布特点与其存在显著差异(P<0.0001)。患GD的OR为:AB型(1.95)(P<0.001)>O型(1.44)(P<0.001)>B型(1.1)>A型(1.0)。结论就血型而言,临沂市汉族人AB血型和O血型者发生GD的风险高,AB型较O型者风险更高。     

鄂尔多斯地区汉族献血员ABO、Rh(D)血型分布

目的:了解鄂尔多斯地区汉族献血员ABO血型分布和基因频率分布以及Rh(D)血型分布.方法:对13 189名汉族无偿献血员进行ABO、Rh(D)血型鉴定.结果:鄂尔多斯地区汉族献血员的血型分布为O型4 527人,B型4 264人,A型3 227人,AB型1 171人.其基因频率分别为r=0.5837,P=0.1834,q=0.2329.Rh(D)阴性48人,占0.36%.结论:鄂尔多斯地区汉族献血员的血型分D布特点为O＞B＞A＞AB,这对建立血源队伍,满足临床用血及应急供血有重要意义.     

河南汉族大学生群体ABO血型分布

目的调查河南汉族大学生群体的ABO血型分布状况。方法应用红细胞凝集法测定ABO血型,并统计分析ABO血型的表型及等位基因的分布情况。结果河南汉族大学生ABO血型频率B型为34.32%,O型为28.73%,A型为28.39%,AB型为8.56%,等位基因频率r(O)为54.67%,p(A)为20.74%,q(B)为24.59%。男女生之间差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论河南汉族大学生ABO血型分布特征B型>O型>A型>AB型,与性别无关。     

广西壮族人群血清HBsAg阳性与 ABO血型相关性研究

目的 探讨广西壮族人群血清HBsAg与ABO血型分布之关系。方法 采用卡方（x^2）检验方法与Woolf统计方法对578例HBsAg阳性携带者血清的ABO血型分布及男女性别的关系进行系统分析。结果 男性携带者血型呈O＞B＞A＞AB型分布,女性携带者呈O＞A＞B＞AB型分布。A、B、O和AB血型人相对危险率分别为1．1531、1．0458、0．9238和0．7365。结论：血清HBsAg阳性携带者与ABO血型间存在一定关系且与性别有关,尤以A型血女性感染乙肝病毒的危险性更大,具有重要流行病学意义。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.