虎参痛风胶囊对小鼠血尿酸的影响及其镇痛作用

目的 :观察虎参痛风胶囊对小鼠血清尿酸的影响及镇痛作用。方法 :给虎参痛风胶囊 1wk后 ,以黄嘌呤 1.0 g·kg- 1腹腔注射致高尿酸血症模型 ,30min后取血 ,观察药物对血尿酸的影响。以热板法观察虎参痛风胶囊的镇痛作用。结果 :虎参痛风胶囊能显著降低高尿酸血症小鼠模型的血尿酸量 ,甚至可降到正常水平以下 ,对热板致痛具有明显镇痛作用 ,并具有明显剂量依赖性。结论 :虎参痛风胶囊可通过降低血尿酸含量和其镇痛作用而有效控制痛风的病程发展并减轻疼痛症状 ,是一种有效的抗痛风中药配方     

皂布叶提取物抗痛风作用研究

目的研究皂布叶提取物抗痛风作用。方法采用小鼠腹腔注射次黄嘌呤建立高尿酸血症模型,观察造模后皂布叶提取物对高尿酸血症小鼠及正常小鼠血清尿酸水平的影响;给大鼠足跖注射微晶型尿酸钠结晶(MSU),复制痛风性炎症模型,观察皂布叶提取物对痛风性炎症的影响;二甲苯耳廓肿胀法观察皂布叶提取物的抗炎作用;热板法、扭体法观察皂布叶提取物的镇痛作用。结果与模型组相比,皂布叶提取物在高剂量和中剂量时(10.0g药材/kg体重、2.5g药材/kg体重),对正常小鼠尿酸水平无明显影响,可以明显降低高尿酸血症模型小鼠的血液尿酸浓度;对大鼠足跖肿胀有明显抑制作用,可显著抑制由二甲苯引起的小鼠耳廓肿胀;可提高小鼠热板痛阈值及减少由醋酸引起的扭体反应次数。结论皂布叶提取物能降低高尿酸血症小鼠尿酸水平,抗痛风性炎症,以及具有镇痛作用。     

田基黄抗痛风的实验研究

目的:研究田基黄抗痛风的作用。方法:观察田基黄提取物对尿酸(MSU)所致大鼠足爪肿胀的影响;对MSU诱导家兔急性关节炎的影响;对次黄嘌呤所致小鼠高尿酸血症的影响;对小鼠扭体反应的影响及小鼠耳廓肿胀法观察田基提取物品抗炎、镇痛作用。结果:田基黄对MSU所致大鼠足爪肿胀有较好的抑制作用,能减轻MSU所致家兔急性关节炎炎症,降低高尿酸血症模型小鼠血尿酸值,有一定的抗炎作用,但镇痛作用较弱。结论:田基黄具有抗痛风作用,值得进一步研究开发。     

苏萸痛风胶囊的抗炎、镇痛及降尿酸作用实验研究

目的:通过临床前药效学实验研究,评价苏萸痛风胶囊的有效性。方法:采用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀实验及大鼠足肿胀实验评价其抗炎作用;采用小鼠扭体及小鼠热板法评价其镇痛作用;采用氧嗪酸钾致小鼠高尿酸血症模型及腺嘌呤、乙胺丁醇致大鼠高尿酸血症模型评价其降血尿酸的作用。结果:苏萸痛风胶囊能明显抑制二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀和蛋清致大鼠足肿胀;显著降低醋酸致小鼠的扭体次数,显著延长小鼠舔后足潜伏期;能显著降低腺嘌呤和乙胺丁醇致大鼠高血尿酸。结论:苏萸痛风胶囊有明显的抗炎、镇痛和降血尿酸作用,开发成院内制剂前景良好。     

藏药十五味乳鹏丸抗痛风药效学研究

目的研究藏药十五味乳鹏丸抗痛风作用。方法采用氧嗪酸钾致小鼠高尿酸血症实验观察十五味乳鹏丸的降尿酸作用;采用醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增加、二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀实验观察十五味乳鹏丸的抗炎作用;采用醋酸致小鼠扭体反应观察十五味乳鹏丸的镇痛作用。结果藏药十五味乳鹏丸能显著性降低高尿酸血症小鼠血清尿酸(P<0.05)明显抑制醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增加及二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀,并能明显减少醋酸致小鼠扭体反应次数。结论藏药十五味乳鹏丸具有明显的抗痛风作用。     

祛风止痛丸药效学实验研究

目的：研究祛风止痛丸的药理作用,为临床安全用药提供药效学实验依据。方法：采用微晶尿酸钠（MSU）诱导的大鼠足跖肿胀和兔急性关节炎模型,乙酸（HAc）诱导的小鼠炎症模型和次黄嘌呤诱导的小鼠高尿酸血症模型,观察祛风止痛丸的镇痛、抗炎及对实验性痛风模型的作用。结果：祛风止痛丸对大鼠足跖肿胀、兔急性关节炎模型均有明显的抑制作用;小鼠扭体反应明显减少;小鼠血尿酸含量明显降低。结论：祛风止痛丸有明显的抗炎、镇痛和降低血尿酸的作用,对实验性痛风模型有明显的防治作用。     

小鼠高尿酸血症模型的建立

目的 观察次黄嘌吟的高尿酸血症小鼠模型的特点,为今后研究抗高尿酸血症的药物提供可靠的模型.方法 选用尿酸生成的前体物质次黄嘌吟(Hypoxanthine),腹腔注射小鼠造成高尿酸血症动物模型,并且探讨造模剂的时效关系.采用生化全自动分析仪测定小鼠血清尿酸水平.结果 次黄嘌吟腹腔注射后可复制高尿酸血应模型,且在腹腔注射后...     

小鼠高尿酸血症模型的研究

目的　建立小鼠高尿酸血症模型。方法　小鼠腹腔注射尿酸 ,1h后取血测定血清尿酸水平。结果　小鼠腹腔注射尿酸 12 5、2 5 0、5 0 0、10 0 0mg·kg-1,血清尿酸水平明显升高。尿酸 2 5 0mg·kg-1ip ,10min后小鼠血尿酸达高峰 ,高尿酸血症维持 4h以上。结论　小鼠腹腔注射尿酸可以形成高尿酸血症动物模型 ,以 2 5 0mg·kg-1剂量较好     

痛风患者的临床治疗方法分析

目的探讨痛风患者临床治疗方法。方法选取临床2011年3月至2012年3月痛风患者70例临床治疗方法进行分析。结果降低血尿酸、血红细胞沉降率和C反应蛋白水平;复方痛风胶囊能显著降低高尿酸血症小鼠模型的血尿酸量,对热板致痛具有明显镇痛作用。结论秋水仙碱能抑制炎性细胞反应是特效药。别嘌呤醇能抑制尿酸生成。本病如早期确诊,积极防治,一般预后较好,极少数晚期患者遗留肾及关节难治性损害。     

一叶抗流感胶囊解热、抗炎、镇痛的药效学研究

目的：评价一叶抗流感胶囊的药效作用。方法通过大鼠酵母致热实验观察其解热作用;热板法和扭体法观察其镇痛作用;小鼠腹腔注射醋酸致毛细血管通透性增高实验观察其抗炎作用。结果高、中剂量组能明显抑制的酵母所致大鼠体温升高、降低小鼠的扭体次数和延长1h热刺痛引起的痛阈值,一叶抗流感胶囊还能明显的抑制醋酸所致毛细血管通透性的增加。结论一叶抗流感胶囊具有良好的解热、镇痛和抗炎的作用。     

2014—2016年南京地区34家医院抗痛风药物的使用情况分析

目的 对南京地区34家医院抗痛风药物的应用情况进行回顾性分析,为抗痛风药物的开发、生产、营销及合理利用提供参考和依据。方法 对2014—2016年南京地区34家医院抗痛风药物的用量、销售金额、用药频度（DDDs）、日均药费（DDC）及药品排序比（B/A）等进行统计和分析。结果 南京地区抗痛风药物的销售金额和DDDs都逐年增长,苯溴马隆连续两年占主导地位,增长率最快的药物均是减少尿酸合成的药物非布司他,4种药物的排序无明显变化。DDC最大的为非布司他,秋水仙碱的DDC最小。B/A比值接近1.00的品种别嘌醇和苯溴马隆。结论 南京地区34家医院临床用药时基本能遵循指南要求选择合适的抗痛风药物,但供选择的药物品种少,有待开发新的药物。     

Morphine withdrawal-facilitated aggression is attenuated by morphine-conditioned stimuli

There is a considerable body of evidence indicating that stimuli associated with drug administration may become conditioned and evoke drug-like effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of morphine-paired stimuli to affect an expression of morphine withdrawal-facilitated aggression. Individually housed aggressive adult mice were subjected to the repeated subcutaneous administration of morphine (twice a day, 8 days, increasing doses 10-80 mg/kg). Morphine treatment cessation facilitated an aggressive behaviour of animals during the second day of withdrawal. Subcutaneous but not intraperitoneal injection of saline attenuated the aggressive behaviour in morphine-withdrawn mice. These results suggest that the site of drug injection may serve as a conditioned stimulus.     

痛风的药物治疗新进展

随着人们生活水平的提高,痛风的发病率不断提高并且发病年龄出现低龄化趋势,寻找高效低毒的抗痛风药物成为当务之急.临床上常用来抗痛风的药物有秋水仙碱、非甾体类抗炎药、促肾上腺皮质激素、糖皮质激素等,近年来随着痛风分子发病机制的揭示,人们发现了治疗痛风的新靶点,利用这些新靶点进行抗痛风药物的研发,将会出现一些新型药物.该文对...     

右旋布洛芬凝胶的抗炎镇痛作用

目的 考察右旋布洛芬凝胶的抗炎、镇痛作用。方法 以角叉菜胶致大鼠足跖肿胀、二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀、大鼠辐射热刺激及小鼠醋酸扭体法，观察右旋布洛芬凝胶的局部抗炎、镇痛作用。结果 2.5%、4.0%右旋布洛芬凝胶局部涂药能显著抑制角叉菜胶所致大鼠足跖肿胀及二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀，并能明显提高大鼠对光热刺激的痛阈，减少小鼠醋酸刺激的扭体次数。结论 2.5%右旋布洛芬凝胶局部外用具有显著的抗炎、镇痛活性。     

Characterization, efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution of 5kDa mPEG modified tetrameric canine uricase variant

PEGylated uricase is a promising anti-gout drug, but the only commercially marketed 10kDa mPEG modified porcine-like uricase (Pegloticase) can only be used for intravenous infusion. In this study, tetrameric canine uricase variant was modified by covalent conjugation of all accessible ? amino sites of lysine residues with a smaller 5kDa mPEG (mPEG-UHC). The average modification degree and PEGylation homogeneity were evaluated. Approximately 9.4 5 kDa mPEG chains were coupled to each monomeric uricase and the main conjugates contained 7-11 mPEG chains per subunit. mPEG-UHC showed significantly therapeutic or preventive effect on uric acid nephropathy and acute urate arthritis based on three different animal models. The clearance rate from an intravenous injection of mPEG-UHC varied significantly between species, at 2.61 mL/h/kg for rats and 0.21 mL/h/kg for monkeys. The long elimination half-life of mPEG-UHC in non-human primate (191.48 h, intravenous injection) indicated the long-term effects in humans. Moreover, the acceptable bioavailability of mPEG-UHC after subcutaneous administration in monkeys (94.21%) suggested that subcutaneous injection may be regarded as a candidate administration route in clinical trails. Non-specific tissue distribution was observed after administration of (125)I-labeled mPEG-UHC in rats, and elimination by the kidneys into the urine is the primary excretion route.     

不同剂量氯化汞制备小鼠急性肾功能不全模型实验教学效果的比较

目的 探讨不同剂量氯化汞制备小鼠急性肾功能不全病理模型的实验教学效果.方法 小鼠腹腔注射氯化汞0.15mg/10g、0.2mg/10g、0.25mg/10g、0.3mg/10g,比较4个不同剂量组所致的急性肾功能不全模型小鼠的成活率,以及其在“肾功能不全对药物作用的影响”实验项目中实验教学效果.结果 0.15mg/10g组、0.2mg/10g组小鼠腹腔注射氯化汞后成活率较高;存活小鼠腹腔注射链霉素后,0.2mg/10g组、0.25mg/10g组和0.3mg/10g组出现明显的中毒反应.结论 腹腔注射氯化汞0.2mg/10g组制备的小鼠急性肾功能不全病理模型成活率高,且实验教学效果优于其他3组.     

Pharmacokinetics of cefoperazone in end-stage renal failure patients on peritoneal dialysis

Pharmacokinetics of cefoperazone (CPZ) was examined in 5 patients with end-stage renal failure on maintenance intermittent peritoneal dialysis. Blood levels of CPZ given as a 1 g intravenous bolus injection were not different whether a patient was on or off peritoneal dialysis. Peritoneal clearance of CPZ was 1.6-1.9 ml/min. Blood CPZ levels reached the therapeutic level within 30-120 minutes after an intraperitoneal administration of 1 g CPZ, and remained at the level at least for 3-5 hours. Side effects of CPZ were not observed in any patient. These data indicate that the peritoneal dialysis does not affect blood CPZ levels given intravenously and that effective blood levels of CPZ can be maintained for several hours after an intraperitoneal injection of the drug. Thus, CPZ is considered useful in renal failure patients on peritoneal dialysis.     

Comparison of two methods of administration of amphetamine on the dynamics of dopaminergic neurons in the rat

Dopamine (DA) and its metabolite dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) in brain were examined in the striatum and nucleus accumbens septi after the administration of amphetamine by two different methods. A computer-controlled device was constructed to deliver intravenous injections of amphetamine in patterns mimicking those of animals in a self-administration paradigm, i.e. a total of 65 injections of 0.125 mg/kg/injection over 8 hr [total; 8.13 mg/kg (22.05 mumoles/kg)]. The second method was the intraperitoneal injection of 8.13 mg/kg as a single bolus. Control animals were intravenously or intraperitoneally administered saline. The effects of the two injection methods on the concentrations of DA and DOPAC were quite distinct at early times. This may in part be due to differences in the peak concentrations of amphetamine in brain achieved by the two regimens. Differences still persisted 48 hr after injection, particularly in the striatum. Increased levels of DA and DOPAC were observed at this time after the computer-controlled injections, while significantly decreased DA in the striatum is found after intraperitoneal bolus injections. These data strongly suggest that the method of administration of amphetamine can substantially alter the effects and possible toxicity of the drug on dopaminergic systems.