杭州市农民工医疗保障现况调查

目的 了解当前杭州市农民工参加医疗保险的状况,为建立健全农民工的医疗保障制度提供依据.方法 采用问卷调查方式,对杭州市930位外来农民工就对医疗保险的认识、参加社会保险情况、未参加医疗保险的原因等内容进行了调查和访谈.结果 有44.1%的人认为医疗保险最重要;49.0%的农民工未参加任何保险,35.2%的农民工参加了养老保险,31.6%的人参加了医疗保险.参保率低的原因有多种.结论 要加强医疗保险政策宣传力度,积极推进社会保障立法,实现法制化管理.要适应农民工群体流动性、多样性的特点,实行以大病统筹为主体的多层次、多险种的医疗保障,实现参保方式的灵活转换.     

影响杭州市农民工医疗保险方案选择因素分析

近年来,随着国家对医疗保险工作的重视,配合相关政策扶持,我国城乡居民医疗保险状况已有大幅改善.截至2009年底,城镇职工基本医疗保险参保人数达到4.0147亿,新型农村合作医疗覆盖农民人数达到8.33亿.同时,我国大多数城市已经建立起了个人不缴费的农民工医疗保险制度,并规定农民工可以在农民工医疗保险与城镇职工基本医疗保险之间自由选择.然而奔波在城乡之间的2.3亿农民工,较大部分因为财政(经济条件薄弱)、观念(对农民工存在歧视或偏见)、制度(城乡分割的二元管理制度)等原因,被排除在基本医疗保险范围之外,其医疗保险状况堪忧[1].现对杭州市农民工医疗保险状况进行分析,研究影响农民工选择的主要因素,并在此基础上提出政策建议.     

农民工医疗保险现状及模式选择

文章从农民工医疗保险现状出发,对我国现有较为典型的三种农民工医疗保险纳入模式进行分析,结合农民工自身特征,提出了农民工医疗保险模式选择的建议,旨在进一步完善农民工医疗保险制度,提高农民工的医疗保障水平.     

农民工医疗保险现状及商业化保险可行性

目前,中国农民工医疗保险在运作上面临着许多难点问题,影响医疗保险的覆盖面及保障水平.本研究在分析农民工医疗保险目前存在问题的基础上,结合商业保险优势以及商业医疗保险在社会医疗保险中的成功实践,对商业保险公司参与农民工医疗保险的可行性进行分析,提出和探索农民工医疗保险的商业化运作模式,以促使社会保险机构与保险公司就农民工医疗保险业务开展合作,在风险共担前提下,各自承担必要责任,共同提供良好的农民工医疗保险方法.现报告如下.     

农民工医疗保险商业化运作模式初探

目前,我国农民工医疗保险在运作上面临着许多难点问题,影响了医保的覆盖面及保障水平.文章在分析农民工医疗保险目前存在问题的基础上,结合商业保险公司的优势以及商业医疗保险在社会医疗保险中的成功实践,对商业保险公司参与农民工医疗保险的可行性进行了分析,提出农民工医疗保险的商业化运作模式,并做了初步探索.     

企业对农民工参加医疗保险的意愿调查

目的:了解企业对农民工参加医疗保险的态度及筹资意愿。方法:采用访谈和问卷调查方式,对杭州市60家企业的负责人及有关工作人员进行了调查。结果:由于劳动力市场不规范,农民工流动性大等问题,仍有35%的单位没有给农民工参加医疗保险,企业对农民工的医疗保险筹资意愿低于现行水平。结论:农民工医疗保障需要采取相应措施提高企业参保积极性。     

北京、上海和深圳三地农民工医疗保险制度比较

目的:了解北京、上海和深圳三地农民工医疗保险制度的基本情况。方法:查阅三地农民工医疗保险制度的政策法规,从参保对象、保障项目和待遇、筹资机制、缴费安排、关系衔接五个方面进行比较。结果:上海和北京分别在2011年和2012年对农民工的医疗保险制度进行改革,分别由过去的综合保险模式和大病统筹医疗保险模式转变为统账结合保险模式,最终与城镇职工医疗保险并轨,为农民工提供门诊和住院费用的报销。深圳市在2014年起除对参保缴费进行结构性调整外,将农民工纳入地方补充医疗保险,享受地方补充医疗保险待遇。结论:三地农民工医疗保险模式的变革对提高农民工医疗保险待遇起到积极的作用,但还需根据农民工的特点不断完善。     

城市农民工参加医疗保险及筹资意愿调查研究

目的了解当前农民工参加医疗保险及筹资意愿。方法采用问卷调查方式,对杭州市930位外来农民工进行了问卷调查,并对有关用人单位开展访谈。结果50.8%农民工愿意参加健康储蓄,大多数农民工希望保障范围扩大,他们愿意为医疗保险筹资的水平为每月10￣30元左右。结论根据农民工的参保意愿及实际筹资能力制定切实可行的医保政策。     

唐山市农民工医疗保障现状及参保意愿研究

文章对唐山市农民工的医疗保障现状及参保意愿进行了调查.结果显示:农民工参保意愿较强烈,但实际参保率低;农民工是否愿意参加医疗保险以及愿意参加哪种医疗保险模式,受多种因素影响.为此,建议农民工医疗保障政策的制定应充分考虑农民工的现实情况和参保意愿.     

我国农民工医疗保险制度：模式分析

首先制定我国农民医疗保险制度的分类标准,再根据这3个分类标准,将我国农民工医疗保险制度分为农村模式、差异模式、综合模式和城镇模式,通过对以上4种模式进行分析,以了解我国各地农民工医疗保险制度的现状,对我国各地农民工医疗保险制度的建立和发展规律有一个整体了解。     

Trends in meningococcal disease in Italy in 1988

Meningococcal disease in Italy decreased 15% in 1988 from the previous year (290 vs. 342 cases). The decline was particularly evident in military cases (1.7/100,000 in 1988 vs. 5/100,000 in 1987) reflecting the full coverage of bivalent serogroup (A + C) meningococcal polysaccaride vaccine in army recruits, achieved since January 1988. The highest proportion of cases was seen in people older than 25 years of age (25%). Serogroup C constituted 60% of the isolates, while 19% belonged to serogroup B. The proportion of strains resistant to sulphonamides was 45%, while 15% were resistant to Minocycline and none to Rifampin. Out of the five military cases, only one (due to serogroup C) was attributable to the vaccine failure. A single coprimary case, but no secondary cases occurred among civilians. These findings are consistent with the trends reported in Italy in the previous years.     

Benzene in blood and phenol in urine in monitoring benzene exposure in industry

Determinations of benzene concentration in blood and of phenol in urine were made by head-space gas chromatography techniques on samples taken near the end of the work day from two groups of workers potentially exposed to low levels of benzene in the work-place atmosphere. Preliminary results suggest that benzene in blood is more reliable than phenol tests for assessing both exposure and uptake of benzene. Normal values of phenol in urine (10 mg/liter or less) were found in nearly all those cases in which benzene was detected in the blood.     

2015年郑州市饮用水放射性水平状况调查

目的了解郑州市不同地区、不同季节、不同水源类型的放射性水平。方法分别于丰水期和枯水期采集郑州市区黄河水源水、井水源水、丹江口水源水、出厂水和末梢水各一份;以县为单位,每单位采集出厂水、末梢水、水库水、河水、井水各1份,按《生活饮用水生活标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750.13-2006)检测饮用水中总α和总β放射性水平,依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)进行判定。结果丰水期、枯水期水体总α、总β放射性水平均低于国家标准限值。结论郑州市不同水源类型均处于正常的天然放射性本底水平。     

Occupational stress in nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan

Nurses are known to be exposed to occupational stress. However, occupational stress is not well documented for nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the work-related stress and risk factors of nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A structured questionnaire was distributed to nurses at five state-owned psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan in 2001. Demographic information, working environment, and personal health status were inquired. Occupational stress was assessed based on the Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). General health status and mental health were evaluated by the International Quality of Life Assessment Short Form-36 (IQOLA SF-36). A total of 573 questionnaires were disseminated to nurses and 518 (90.4%) were satisfactorily completed by nurses, including 408 female full-time nurses who had been in their current work for more than 6 months. In the past one month, 17.2% of nurses reported being under significant stress often or always. Assault episodes were reported by 45.1% of nurses in the past 6 months. Among the nurses, 16.9%, 25.2%, 50.0%, and 7.8% belong to the "High strain", "Low strain", "Active", and "Passive" groups, respectively. Perceived occupational stress was associated with young age, widowed/divorced/separated marital status, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and threat of assault at work. Lower general health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, and perceived occupational stress. A lower mental health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and perceived occupational stress. We concluded that nurses in psychiatric institutions are under significant stress related to work factors.     

Changes in nursing administration in supporting transplantation in Brazil

This historical and bibliographic study aimed to understand how Nursing was organized to support care in transplantation. The HISA, LILACS, BDENF, PERIENF and DEDALUS databases were consulted, and thirteen references were found, ten of which were scientific articles, two were master's dissertations and one was a doctoral thesis. The span of time chosen for study ranges from the date of the first kidney transplant in Brazil (1965), to the date of publication of the last scientific article found in the databases mentioned above (2003). After reading these articles, the ones that were similar in topic were grouped together, thus creating the thematic axis for the presentation of the results. The results showed that the Nursing profession has played an important and active role in transplants ever since the first procedure in 1965.     

2019年中国肿瘤流行病学研究进展

恶性肿瘤已成为中国居民的主要死因之一。近些年来,中国政府积极推进肿瘤预防和控制领域的研究工作,取得了很大的进步。本文简要汇总中国在肿瘤流行病学领域的研究进展,具体包括2019年的肿瘤负担、癌症危险因素及其干预、筛查和早期发现、癌症防治专项行动(2019-2022年)方案等方面,以期为我国肿瘤防治工作的有效开展提供技术支撑和理论依据。     

2012年绵阳市蔬菜中农药残留状况

目的 了解绵阳市2012年市售蔬菜中农药残留情况,为食用蔬菜监管提供依据.方法 全部样品均按照GB/T 5009-2003的方法进行农药的残留检测.依据GB 2763-2005《食品中农药最大残留限量》进行判定.结果 2012年共检测蔬菜165份,农药检出率和超标率分别为72.12％和23.64％.豆类、根茎类、叶菜类、瓜果菜类和食用菌类蔬菜检测农药残留超标率分别为8.00％、23.53％、36.00％、5.26％和27.03％,差异有统计学意义(x2=11.41,P＜0.01).不同种类农药超标率差异有统计学意义(x2 =62.42,P＜0.01).夏季和冬季蔬菜农药超标率差异无统计学意义(x2=3.44,P＞0.05).结论 绵阳市叶菜类蔬菜中农药残留情况较为严重,应采取有效措施,加强蔬菜的监督管理,从源头禁止高毒农药的使用,加大蔬菜种植、销售环节的监测,确保市民食用蔬菜的安全.