血清同型半胱氨酸水平与冠状动脉病变程度的关系

目的:探讨冠心病(CHD)患者血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平与冠状动脉病变程度的相关关系.方法:对107例CHD患者及48例对照组行选择性冠状动脉造影(CAG),并记录Gensini冠脉病变积分.CAG术前取空腹血,测血清Hcy水平.结果:CHD患者血清Hcy水平明显高于对照组,血清Hcy水平与冠状动脉病变积分呈正相关(r=0.74,P=0.0001),多元逐步回归分析剔除相关因素后以上相关性仍存在.结论:高同型半胱氨酸血症是冠心病发病高危因素之一,血清Hcy水平越高,其冠脉病变程度越严重.     

血清同型半胱氨酸及脂蛋白(a)与冠心病的相关性研究

目的探讨血清同型半胱氨酸及脂蛋白(a)与冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病,CHD)的相关性。方法纳入经冠状动脉造影(CAG)确诊的冠心病患者84例,并将其分为稳定型心绞痛组(SAP组,28例)、急性冠脉综合症组(ACS组,56例)。另选同期56例拟诊为CHD而CAG正常的患者作为对照组(NC组)。检测各组血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、脂蛋白a[Lp(a)]水平,同时根据冠状动脉(冠脉)造影结果对入选者行Gensini评分;对冠心病的多项危险因素进行多元logistic回归模型分析。结果 ACS组、SAP组与NC组患者血清Hcy、Lp(a)水平差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。Pearson直线相关分析示,CHD患者Hcy、Lp(a)水平无相关性(r=0.240,P0.05),Gensini积分与血清Hcy、Lp(a)水平分别呈正相关(r=0.78、0.75,P均0.05)。多元Logistic回归分析显示Hcy(OR=1.287,95%CI:1.027~1.791)及Lp(a)(OR=3.038,95%CI:2.984~3.431)为冠心病的独立危险因素。结论高Hcy及高Lp(a)是冠心病的独立危险因素,与冠状动脉病变的严重程度相关。     

血清Hcy、NT-proBNP及脂联素与老年冠心病冠状动脉病变的相关性

目的探讨血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、N末端B型利钠肽原(NT-proBNP)、脂联素(ANP)与老年冠心病(CHD)冠状动脉病变的相关性。方法选择109例行冠脉造影(CAG)检查的老年患者,根据CAG检查和临床诊断结果将患者分为CHD组(67例)和非CHD(NCHD)组(42例)。分析血清Hcy、NT-proBNP、ANP在CHD不同冠脉病程度患者之间的差异及与SYNTAX积分、冠脉病变支数、冠脉狭窄率和CHD发病之间的关系,受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清Hcy、NT-proBNP、ANP对CHD的诊断价值。结果 CHD组血清Hcy、NT-proBNP水平显著高于NCHD组(P<0.05),ANP水平显著低于NCHD组(P<0.05)。CHD患者血清NT-proBNP水平与冠脉病变支数、冠脉狭窄率、SYNTAX积分均呈正相关(均P<0.05),Hcy与冠脉狭窄率、SYNTAX积分呈正相关(均P<0.05),ANP与冠脉病变支数、SYNTAX积分呈负相关(均P<0.05)。回归分析Hcy、NT-proBNP是CHD发病的危险因素,ANP是保护因素。ROC分析NT-proBNP预测老年CHD发病的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)最高达0.942,灵敏度和特异度分别为100.00%、90.48%。结论老年CHD患者血清Hcy、NT-proBNP水平明显升高,ANP水平明显下降,且其水平与冠脉病变支数、狭窄程度、SYNTAX积分均存在不同程度相关性,可以作为早期诊断老年CHD的生物学指标。     

冠心病患者血清Hcy、Lp-a、UA水平变化及意义

目的 观察冠心病(CHD)患者血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、脂蛋白a(Lp-a)和尿酸(UA)水平变化,并探讨其临床意义.方法 经冠状动脉造影(CAG)确诊的CHD患者157例(观察组),按病变程度分为稳定型心绞痛(SAP,40例)、不稳定型心绞痛(UAP,65例)、急性心肌梗死(AMI,52例),根据冠脉病变血管支数分为单支病变(52例)、双支病变(52例)、多支病变(53例).另选45例同期因胸痛待查于我科经行CAG排除CHD的患者(阴性组)及30例健康体检者(正常组)作对照.检测各组血清Hcy、Lp-a、UA,分析其与CHD患者病变血管支数、Gensini评分的相关性.结果 与对照组及阴性组比较,观察组Hcy、Lp-a、UA水平随着病变严重程度及冠脉病变血管支数增多而上升(P均＜0.05);Spearman相关分析示,CHD患者冠状动脉病变血管支数与血清Hcy 、Lp-a水平呈正相关(r=0.71、0.68,P均＜0.01),Gensini积分与血清Hcy、Lp-a、UA水平呈正相关(r=0.78、0.75、0.52,P均＜0.05).多元逐步回归分析显示,高血清Hcy、Lp-a、UA水平是CHD发生的独立危险因素(P＜0.05).结论 血清Hcy、Lp-a、UA随冠状动脉病变程度及病变血管支数的增加呈升高趋势,高血清Hcy、Lp-a、UA水平是CHD发生的独立危险因素,联合检测这三个指标可预测冠状动脉病变的严重程度.     

血清同型半胱氨酸与冠状动脉病变关系的分析

目的 探讨血清同型半胱氨酸与冠状动脉狭窄程度的相关性.方法 共收集84例行冠脉造影术的高血压病患者,其冠脉病变的严重程度用冠脉病变支数及Gensini积分表示,分析其血清同型半胱氨酸与冠脉病变的关系.结果 不同冠脉病变支数组间比较,血清同型半胱氨酸水平差异均有统计学意义(F=22.614,P <0.01).血清同型半胱氨酸与冠脉病变Gensini积分呈正相关(r=0.562,P<0.05).结论 冠心病患者的血清同型半胱氨酸与其冠脉病变程度密切相关,可用于预测冠脉病变严重程度.     

稳定型心绞痛和不稳定型心绞痛与同型半胱氨酸水平的相关性

目的探讨稳定型心绞痛和不稳定型心绞痛与同型半胱氨酸水平的相关性。方法选取128例入院患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,其中78例患者经冠脉造影或冠脉CTA确诊为冠心病,50例患者经冠脉造影或冠脉CTA检查确诊无冠心病作为对照组,测定其血清同型半胱氨酸水平。将78例冠心病患者根据冠状动脉发生病变的支数分为单支病变组和多支病变组,不同病变支数患者比较其同型半胱氨酸水平。根据冠状动脉的狭窄程度对78例冠心病患者分为中度狭窄组和重度狭窄组,对比不同狭窄程度患者的同型半胱氨酸水平。结果对照组患者的同型半胱氨酸水平明显低于冠心病组(P0.05),其中稳定型心绞痛组患者的同型半胱氨酸水平明显低于不稳定型心绞痛组(P0.05),单支病变组患者的同型半胱氨酸水平明显低于多支病变组(P0.05),中度狭窄组患者的同型半胱氨酸水平明显低于重度狭窄组(P0.05),冠脉病变程度和同型半胱氨酸水平呈正相关。结论无冠心病对照组较冠心病组患者的同型半胱氨酸水平均明显降低;稳定型心绞痛较不稳定型心绞痛的同型半胱氨酸水平明显降低,冠状动脉病变支数、冠脉病变程度与高同型半胱氨酸水平存在密切的联系,同型半胱氨酸水平与冠脉狭窄病变程度呈正相关。     

血清同型半胱氨酸水平与冠状动脉狭窄程度的相关性研究

目的探讨血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平与冠状动脉狭窄程度的相关性。方法选取2013-04~2014-12该院心内科收治的84例疑似冠状动脉硬化性心脏病(CHD)患者为研究对象,均行冠脉造影检查和Hcy检测,分析CHD与血清Hcy之间的关系。结果非CHD组Hcy水平均低于不同程度冠状动脉狭窄组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),Hcy水平随着冠状动脉狭窄程度的升高而升高,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。血清Hcy水平与冠状动脉狭窄程度积分呈正相关(r=0.835),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论血清Hcy水平与冠状动脉狭窄程度呈正相关,可作为临床预测CHD严重程度及预后的一个重要指标。     

血尿酸、血清同型半胱氨酸与冠状动脉病变程度的关系分析

目的探讨血尿酸、血清同型半胱氨酸水平与冠心病患者冠脉病变严重程度的关系。方法回顾性分析2018年11月至2019年11月于我院住院的90例冠心病患者作为试验组,纳入同时期性别、年龄相匹配的冠脉造影正常的患者50例作为对照组。根据SYNTAX评分对冠状动脉严重程度进行评分,根据结果分为低危组(<22分)、中危组(23~32分)及高危组(>33分)。记录患者一般临床资料,抽取清晨空腹血化验UA、Hcy、TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C,并行冠脉造影检查,比较分析各组患者血脂、UA、Hcy的差异,并进行相关性分析及Logistic回归分析。结果SYNTAX评分中危组、高危组与对照组相比较,TC、LDL-C、UA、HCy升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);UA与SYNTAX评分呈正相关(r=0.487,P<0.05),Hcy与SYNTAX评分呈正相关(r=0.437,P<0.05);Logstic回归分析发现LDL-C、UA、Hcy是冠心病患者冠状动脉病变程度的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论血尿酸、血清同型半胱氨酸水平是冠心病患者冠状动脉病变严重程度的危险因素,且血尿酸、血清同型半胱氨酸水平越高,冠脉病变越严重。     

血清缺血修饰白蛋白和同型半胱氨酸对冠心病临床诊断价值及与造影结果的相关性

目的探讨血清缺血修饰白蛋白(IMA)和同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)对冠心病(CHD)患者的诊断价值及与冠状动脉造影的相关性。方法选择2015年4月至2017年9月收治的CHD患者300例,另外选择同期健康志愿者60例作为对照组。比较血清IMA和Hcy水平在不同疾病类型、不同冠状动脉病变支数及不同冠脉狭窄程度CHD患者中的差异,同时对比冠状动脉造影参数的差异,分析CHD患者血清IMA和Hcy水平与冠状动脉造影参数的相关性。结果 CHD患者血清IMA和Hcy水平均明显高于对照组(P<0.05);随着疾病程度的加重、冠状动脉病变支数及冠脉狭窄程度的增加,IMA和Hcy水平均明显升高(P<0.05);疾病程度越重,冠状动脉病变支数及Gensini评分均明显升高(P<0.05);冠状动脉狭窄率越高,冠状动脉病变支数显著增加(P<0.05);CHD患者血清IMA和Hcy水平与冠状动脉病变支数和Gensini评分均呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 CHD患者血清IMA和Hcy能够反映CHD的发生及发展过程,同时与冠状动脉造影参数密切相关。     

老年冠心病患者血清同型半胱氨酸及超敏C反应蛋白水平与冠脉病变程度的关系

目的探讨老年冠心病患者血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平与冠脉病变程度的相关性。方法 214例经冠状动脉造影确诊的老年冠心病患者,按照不同病变血管数分为单支病变组、双支病变组、三支病变组。选择42例同期健康体检者为对照组,检测入院时血清Hcy及hs-CRP浓度。结果冠心病组Hcy及hs-CRP浓度高于对照组,三支病变组Hcy及hs-CRP水平显著高于双支、单支病变组(P0.05),双支病变组高于单支病变组(P0.05);随着冠脉病变Gensini积分的增加,血清Hcy及hs-CRP水平明显升高(P0.05)。结论 Hcy、hs-CRP对老年冠心病的诊断及病变程度有一定的预测价值。     

The immunoneuroendocrine role of melatonin

Abstract: A tight, physiological link between the pineal gland and the immune system is emerging from a series of experimental studies. This link might reflect the evolutionary connection between self-recognition and reproduction. Pinealectomy or other experimental methods which inhibit melatonin synthesis and secretion induce a state of immunodepression which is counteracted by melatonin. In general, melatonin seems to have an immunoenhancing effect that is particularly apparent in immunodepressive states. The negative effect of acute stress or immunosuppressive pharmacological treatments on various immune parameters are counteracted by melatonin. It seems important to note that one of the main targets of melatonin is the thymus, i.e., the central organ of the immune system. The clinical use of melatonin as an immunotherapeutic agent seems promising in primary and secondary immunodeficiencies as well as in cancer immunotherapy. The immunoenhancing action of melatonin seems to be mediated by T-helper cell-derived opioid peptides as well as by lymphokines and, perhaps, by pituitary hormones. Melatonin-induced-immuno-opioids (MHO) and lymphokines imply the presence of specific binding sites or melatonin receptors on cells of the immune system. On the other hand, lymphokines such as -γ-interferon and interleukin-2 as well as thymic hormones can modulate the synthesis of melatonin in the pineal gland. The pineal gland might thus be viewed as the crux of a sophisticated immunoneuroendocrine network which functions as an unconscious, diffuse sensory organ.     

Changes in connexin43, the gap junction protein of astrocytes, during development of the rat pineal gland

Abstract: The abundance of gap junctions between rat pineal astrocytes formed by connexin43 (Cx43) was studied during development. Levels and distribution of Cx43 were measured by immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence, respectively. The amount of Cx43 in cells located within the gland was low until about the 7th postnatal day and increased to adult values between the 14th and 21st days postpartum. Although astrocytes, recognized by their vimentin immunoreactivity, were scarce before birth, they were abundant by the 7th postnatal day suggesting that the low levels of Cx43 found at this age corresponded to a low expression of this protein. Localization of the immunoreactivity to Cx43 and vimentin showed a close correlation, indicating that mature or immature pineal astrocytes form gap junctions made of Cx43. Since Cx43 levels attained their adult values at about the time the innervation and the functional state of the gland reached maturity (2–3 weeks after birth), it is proposed that astrocyte gap junctions are involved in the function of the adult rat pineal gland.     

Conservative management of perforated duodenal diverticulum： A case report and review of the literature

Duodenal diverticula are a relatively common condition. They are asymptomatic, unless they become complicated, with perforation being the rarest but most severe complication. Surgical treatment is the most frequently performed approach. We report the case of a patient with a perforated duodenal diverticulum, which was diagnosed early and treated conservatively with antibiotics and percutaneous drainage of secondary retroperitoneal abscesses. We suggest this method could be an acceptable option for the management of similar cases, provided that the patient is in good general condition and without septic signs.     

Response of rat pineal melatonin to calcium, magnesium, and lithium is circadian stage dependent

Abstract: Herein we documented the response of pineal melatonin production to electrolytes known to be effective on pineal function in view of a possible circadian stage dependence. We studied the release of melatonin by perifused rat pineal glands at 2 different circadian stages corresponding to the middle of the light and dark periods, i.e., respectively, 7 and 19 HALO (Hours After Light Onset, L:D = 12:12). The initial efflux rates were, as expected, much higher in the perifusates of glands removed from rats sacrificed during the dark phase than of those removed during the light phase. After 3 hr of perifusion, melatonin release reached similar levels which were found constant up to the 8th hr of perifusion, whatever the circadian stage. Perifusion of the glands with physiological concentrations for the rat of calcium (5.2 mmol/1) and magnesium (1.34 mmol/1) resulted in a stimulatory effect on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed in the middle of the dark period (19 HALO), whereas no effects were observed on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed during the light (7 HALO). Lithium (0.28 and 0.55 mmol/1) was ineffective on melatonin release in pineal glands removed 7 and 19 HALO. Our results show differences in the initial efflux rates of melatonin and in the response of perifused pineal glands to calcium and magnesium according to the circadian stage.     

Presence of immunoreactive growth hormone and prolactin in the ovine pineal gland

Abstract: The use of antisera raised against bovine growth hormone (GH) and ovine prolactin (PRL) enabled the detection of related immunoreactive (ir) sequences of proteins in ovine pineal tissue. The isolation of PRL-like ir-material was accomplished using a 0.25 M ammonium sulphate (pH 5.5) extraction followed by ethanol precipitation, whereas the resulting 2.0 M ammonium sulphate (pH 7.0) precipitate contained a GH-like immunoreactivity. Gel chromatography of the GH-like immunoreactivity (Sephadex G-100) indicated the presence of several GH-like fragments ranging in the M_r range of 7,000 to 55,000. Analyses of the PRL-like ir-material found in pineal tissue on HPLC using a TSK 545-DEAE column led to the resolution into a single peak of immunoreactivity. A single peak of activity was also observed following chromatofocusing and hydrophobic interaction chromatography of the ir-peak from the TSK 545-DEAE column. The PRL-like ir-material inhibited the binding of [¹²⁵I]ovine PRL-S14 to anti-ovine PRL antibodies without showing an affinity for binding to anti-rat PRL or anti-bovine GH antibodies. Scatchard analysis of the binding of pineal PRL-like ir-material and pituitary ovine PRL-S14 to liver membranes from day-20 pregnant rats revealed similar affinity constants (K_a of 4.7 ± 0.2 × 10⁹ M^-1). In addition, the replication of Nb 2 Node rat lymphoma cells was stimulated by pineal PRL-like ir-material, an effect known to be specific for lactogenic hormones. The pineal PRL-like immunoreactivity appeared on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels as a single major band of M_r 24,000. The functional status of PRL-and GH-like ir-material in the ovine pineal remains to be determined, but evidence is presented that the overall protein synthesis rate of the rat pineal responded to circulating concentrations of PRL.     

Microbiology of human immunodeficiency virus anorectal disease

PURPOSE: Individuals who are seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus are at high risk for opportunistic infection and anorectal disorders. Little prospective information is available regarding anorectal pathogens in these patients. METHODS: One hundred sixty-three HIV-seropositive patients presented to the colorectal clinic between 1989 and 1992. Forty-seven (29 percent) patients were thought to have an infectious process and were prospectively studied using a standardized multiculture protocol. RESULTS: Mean age was 33 (range, 19–59) years. All were male; high-risk behavior accounted for 87 percent of HIV transmissions. Presenting complaints included anorectal pain (79 percent), pus per anum (28 percent), and blood per anum (26 percent). Examination revealed perianal tenderness (60 percent), condyloma (38 percent), perianal ulcers (38 percent), and anal fissures (34 percent). Sixty-six sets of cultures were performed; 28 patients had one set, 15 had two sets, and 4 had three sets. Thirty-two of these 47 patients (68 percent) had positive cultures including herpes (50 percent), cytomegalovirus (25 percent),Neisseria gonorrhoeae (16 percent), chlamydia (16 percent), acidfast bacilli (2 percent), and others (9 percent). Six of 32 patients with positive cultures had more than one organism cultured. Sixteen (50 percent) patients with positive cultures were treated medically, 8 (25 percent) were treated surgically and 8 (25 percent) were treated with both modalities. Sixty-one procedures were performed on 17 patients for condylomata. Eighteen patients had 20 procedures for abscesses, 50 percent of whom had positive cultures for other than common bowel flora; all improved. Fourteen patients underwent 33 procedures for perianal fistulas.Mycobacterium fortuitum was cultured from one patient who required 13 procedures for abscesses and fistulas. Forty-five (96 percent) patients were followed for an average of 12.5 months ±2.9 SEM (range, 1–94 months). Symptoms were improved or resolved in 22 of 32 (69 percent) patients with positive cultures and in 11 of 13 (84 percent) with negative cultures. CONCLUSIONS: Specific pathogens may often be identified in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients with anorectal disorders if aggressively sought. Although patients without specific pathogens identified may be expected to improve with planned empiric treatment, positive identification allows more directed therapy.