全口一次龈下刮治与分区段龈下刮治的疗效分析

目的：比较一次全口龈下刮治与分区段龈下刮治的临床疗效。方法：选择需进行牙周洁治的慢性牙周炎患者50例,分为实验组25例和对照组25例,实验组一次全口龈下刮治,对照组分四个区段进行龈下刮治,观察3个月内治疗前后PD、BI、PI的变化,并记录患者对治疗的主观感觉和治疗后是否有发热症状。结果：实验组和对照组龈下刮治后3个月,PD、BI均显著降低,两组间无统计学差异（P〈0.05）;与对照组相比,实验组1个月时P（I1.09±0.57）和VAS值（0.37±0.26）显著降低,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。两组患者均无治疗后发热症状。结论：全口一次龈下刮治与分区段龈下刮治都可获得良好的治疗效果,全口一次龈下刮治更利于菌斑控制和短期消除治疗不适。     

交叉象限龈下刮治临床疗效观察及患者满意度与复诊意愿的评价

目的：通过与上下半口龈下刮治比较,观察其治疗慢性牙周炎的临床疗效及对患者满意度与复诊意愿进行评价。方法：选取慢性牙周炎患者60例随机分为实验组30例（交叉象限刮治组）和对照组30例（上下半口刮治组）,测量术前及术后1、2、6周临床指标,比较2组治疗牙周炎的疗效,患者填写满意度调查表及复诊意愿表。结果：实验组和对照组在治疗后临床指标均较基线明显好转（P〈0.05）,术后1、2周临床指标PD、SBI、BOP差异显著（P〈0.05）,AL无统计学意义,术后6周2组各临床指标均无统计学意义。2组术后疗效患者满意度和复诊意愿指数在1、2周时有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：交叉象限刮治是一种短时、高效、经济、患者满意度高、复诊意愿强烈的牙周治疗方法。     

四环素透明质酸凝胶辅助治疗慢性牙周炎的疗效观察

目的：观察四环素透明质酸凝胶辅助治疗牙周炎的临床疗效。方法：采用口内自身对照研究方法，选择68名牙周炎病人共200个牙周袋分为四环素透明质酸凝胶实验组和对照组。实验组患牙行洁治、刮治、根面平整后，龈下辅助给予四环素透明质酸凝胶，对照组仅作洁治、刮治、根面平整，观察两组患牙的临床指标（PLI、SBI、PD、AL、MD）和龈下菌斑螺旋体构成比的动态变化。结果：两组患牙各临床指标在治疗后均显著改善，治疗后4周，对照组PD、AL、MD及龈下菌斑螺旋体的构成比与治疗后1周相比无显著差异。结论：慢性牙周炎在基础治疗上，龈下局部应用四环素透明质酸凝胶辅助治疗牙周炎可取得较好的疗效。     

不同龈下冲洗方式对牙周炎治疗效果的对比评价

目的:比较超声龈下刮治结合不同龈下冲洗方式治疗中、重度慢性牙周炎的临床效果,分析、评价不同龈下冲洗方式的临床应用特点和价值。方法:选择中、重度牙周炎患者15例(68颗),随机分为2组,每组34颗:实验组使用超声龈下刮治同步0.2%甲硝唑液冲洗;对照组使用超声龈下刮治后传统冲洗器给予0.2%甲硝唑液冲洗。分别记录治疗前和治疗7天后的菌斑指数(PL)、牙龈出血指数(SBI)、探诊深度(PD)、附着丧失(AL)。分别比较实验组、对照组治疗前后牙周各指数的变化以及两组间治疗前后牙周各指数差值。结果:实验组和对照组在治疗7d后PL、SBI均显著降低;实验组治疗后PL、SBI、PD、AL降低程度大于对照组,差异具有统计学意义。结论:超声龈下刮治同步药物冲洗比传统超声龈下刮治后冲洗器给药冲洗更有效。     

龈下刮治配合补肾固齿丸治疗中、重度牙周炎的短期疗效评价

目的：探讨龈下刮治配合补肾固齿丸对中、重度牙周炎的短期治疗效果。方法：纳入中、重度牙周炎患者共44例,随机分为两组,每位患者选择2颗指数牙。所有患者试验前均进行龈上洁治和龈下刮治,试验组同时给予口服补肾固齿丸4g／次,2次／日,连服3个月。测定治疗前后指数牙的探诊出血（BOP）、探诊深度（PD）、附着丧失（AL）及其牙槽骨平均灰度值（MGVs）。结果：试验组BOP阳性率、PD和AL均较治疗前有明显下降（P〈0．05）,而MGVs升高（尸〈0．05）。对照组治疗后BOP阳性率和PD明显降低（P〈0．05）,但AL及MGVs无明显改善（P〉0．05）。试验组与对照组对中、重度牙周炎的短期疗效有显著差异@〈0．05）。结论：龈下刮治配合口服补肾固齿丸治疗中、重度牙周炎的短期疗效明显优于单纯龈下刮治组,可能与补。肾固齿丸能促进牙槽骨新骨形成、降低AL有关。     

超声洁牙机辅助手工龈下刮治术的临床效果

目的比较超声洁牙机辅助手工龈下刮治术和传统手工法治疗牙周炎的工作效率和临床疗效。方法全口慢性单纯性牙周炎患者43例,采用半口对照分别经两种方法刮治后,评价两组工作效率和术后2周、1月、3月的临床指标的改善。结果超声洁牙机辅助手工龈下刮治术的平均工作时间少于传统手工法治疗（P＜0．01）,两种方法治疗后,临床指标改善均有明显差异（P＜0．01）,但两种方法之间无统计学意义的差异（P＞0．05）。。结论超声洁牙机辅助手工龈下刮治术治疗牙周炎的工作效率优于传统手工龈下刮治术。     

派丽奥软膏辅助治疗慢性牙周炎的临床疗效观察

目的：评价派丽奥软膏辅助治疗慢性牙周炎的疗效。方法：40例慢性牙周炎病例按就诊顺序随机分组,在牙周洁刮治疗基础上,以碘甘油辅助治疗为对照组,记录实验组和对照组在基线、用药后各时间点的临床指标PLI、SBI、PD、AL,并进行统计学处理。结果：实验组在用药后6个月内的PLI与对照组或基线比较均显著降低（P〈0.05）,但用药后9个月和12个月均无显著差异（P〉0.05）;实验组在用药后1～12个月的SBI、PD和AL与对照组或基线比较均显著降低（P〈0.05）,用药后12个月的SBI除外）。结论：在单疗程治疗后6个月内,派丽奥软膏辅助治疗慢性牙周炎的各项检测指标的改善均优于碘甘油。     

Er，Cr：YSGG激光在慢性牙周炎非手术治疗中的应用

目的：探讨超声龈下刮治结合Er,Cr：YSGG激光治疗慢性牙周炎的临床效果。方法纳入12名慢性牙周炎患者,超声龈上洁治后2周进行基线检查,采用分口设计,四个象限随机分组。实验组在超声龈下刮治的基础上,激光照射1次或3次;对照组在超声龈下刮治基础上进行手工根面平整。治疗结束后分别记录每象限治疗用时,患者对每象限治疗时的舒适程度视觉模拟评分。在基线、治疗后6周及12周检查牙周临床指标,包括菌斑指数、牙龈出血指数、探诊深度及临床附着丧失。结果实验组和对照组各项临床指标均有显著改善,且临床疗效相当。和传统手工根面平整术比较,激光照射治疗所需时间较长,舒适度更加;和激光照射1次比较,照射3次并无明显优势。结论超声龈下刮治结合Er,Cr：YSGG激光照射治疗慢性牙周炎的临床疗效良好,且激光照射在治疗过程中更为舒适,超声龈下刮治结合Er,Cr：YSGG激光照射1次可作为牙周炎非手术治疗可选方法之一。     

透明质酸凝胶辅助牙周炎治疗效果观察

目的 评价透明质酸凝胶辅助牙周炎治疗效果。方法 选择2011年1月至2012年12月于沈阳市口腔医院牙周黏膜科就诊的牙周炎患者88例,随机分为试验组和对照组,每组44例。所有患者均行龈上洁治、龈下刮治及根面平整术;全口龈下刮治分4次完成,每周1次。试验组每次刮治完成后在牙周袋内涂敷透明质酸凝胶;对照组牙周袋内不涂敷药物。治疗后3个月复查,记录各项临床牙周指标并评价疗效。结果 治疗后3个月复查,试验组有效率为70.45%（31/44）,对照组有效率为45.45%（20/44）,两组差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。结论 采用龈上洁治、龈下刮治及根面平整术治疗慢性牙周炎时,配合透明质酸凝胶局部应用可明显提高治疗效果。     

单独龈下超声刮治与结合人工刮治两种方法的临床效果比较

目的 比较单独应用龈下超声刮治与结合人工刮治两种治疗方式的临床效果.方法 选取36例慢性牙周病患者,采用半口对照的方法将患牙分为对照组(左半口)和实验组(右半口),先对所有患牙进行龈上洁治术,一周后对照组实行龈下超声刮治术,实验组实行龈下超声刮治结合人工刮治术.治疗前后1个月、3个月分别检查受试牙,并记录各项临床指标( BOP、PD、CAL).结果 在治疗结束后1个月和3个月,两组各项牙周临床指标均有明显改善(P＜0.05),实验组的改善优于对照组,且有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论 龈下超声刮治后使用人工刮治,可以获得一个更加平整的根面,取得良好的临床效果.     

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目的评价一次性全口龈下刮治和根面平整(full-mouth scaling and root planning,FM-SRP)与传统的分区龈下刮治和根面平整(quadrant scaling and root planning,Q-SRP)相比较是否更有利于慢性牙周炎临床指数的改善。方法将2008年9月至2009年6月沈阳市口腔医院牙周黏膜科收治的30例慢性牙周炎患者随机分为2组,每组15例。FM-SRP组在24h内完成全口所有象限的刮治和根面平整,而Q-SRP组每周进行1个象限的刮治,连续4周完成全口治疗。分别在基线和3个月时,检测菌斑指数(PLI)、龈沟出血指数(SBI)、探诊深度(PD)及附着丧失(AL)的变化,比较两种治疗方法的临床疗效。结果与基线时相比,两种治疗方式在3个月时的所有临床牙周指数均有显著改善(P<0.01),但两组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 FM-SRP和Q-SRP两种方法可达到相同的临床效果,临床医生可以根据实际情况灵活选择任何一种治疗方法。     

Quadrant root planing versus same-day full-mouth root planing. I. Clinical findings

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that same-day full-mouth scaling and root planing (FM-SRP) resulted in greater clinical improvement compared to quadrant scaling and root planing (Q-SRP) in chronic periodontitis patients over a period of 6 months. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty patients were recruited into this study. Subjects were randomised into two groups. The FM-SRP group received full-mouth scaling and root planing completed within the same day, while the Q-SRP group received quadrant root planing at 2-weekly intervals over four consecutive sessions. Whole-mouth clinical measurements were recorded with a manual periodontal probe at baseline (BAS) and at reassessment 1 (R1) (approximately 6 weeks after the completion of therapy), and at reassessment 2 (R2) (6 months after the initiation of therapy). Selected site analyses were performed on the deepest site in each quadrant before and after therapy (R1 and R2) and clinical indices were recorded with an electronic pressure sensitive probe. In addition, during the active phase of treatment clinical data were collected at 2-weekly intervals from the remaining untreated quadrants in the Q-SRP group only. RESULTS: Both therapies resulted in significant improvements in all clinical indices both at R1 and R2. A continuous clinical improvement was seen for both treatment groups during the experimental period, which reached peak levels at 6 months (DeltaPD=1.8 mm, DeltaCAL=1.1 mm, p<0.001; PD: pocket depth; CAL: clinical attachment level). The selected-site analysis revealed no significant differences in any clinical index between the two treatment groups at R2 (DeltaPD=2.8 mm, DeltaRAL=1.1 mm; RAL: relative attachment level). At the selected sites, the analysis of the deep pockets (>7 mm) showed a significantly greater gain in RAL for the FM-SRP group compared to the Q-SRP group at R2 (p<0.05). The results of this analysis however, should be interpreted with care due to the small number of deep pockets. Data from the Q-SRP group provided an insight into how treated and untreated quadrants responded during the initiation of plaque control measures. There were significant reductions in PD, suppuration (SUP), modified gingival index (MGI) and plaque index (PI) in the remaining untreated quadrants in the Q-SRP group during the initial phase of treatment (p<0.05), while minimum changes in RALs and bleeding on probing (BOP) occurred. Nevertheless, the improvement in PD was clearly inferior to that seen after scaling and root planing. CONCLUSION: Following both therapeutic modalities, there were marked clinical improvements at both R1 and R2 (6 months) from baseline. The current study, in contrast to previous findings, failed to show that FM-SRP is a more efficacious periodontal treatment modality compared to Q-SRP. However, both modalities are efficacious and the clinician should select the treatment modality based on practical considerations related to patient preference and clinical workload.     

Quadrant root planing versus same-day full-mouth root planing. II. Microbiological findings

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that over a period of 6 months, same-day full-mouth scaling and root planing (FM-SRP) resulted in greater reductions in the detection frequency of five putative periodontal pathogens compared with quadrant scaling and root planing (Q-SRP) in chronic periodontitis patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty patients were recruited into this study. Subjects were randomised into two groups. The FM-SRP group received full-mouth scaling and root planing completed within the same day, while the Q-SRP group received quadrant root planing at 2-weekly intervals over four consecutive sessions. Selected-site analyses were performed on the deepest site in each quadrant before and after therapy, at approximately 3 and 6 months from baseline (R1 and R2) and clinical indices were recorded with an electronic pressure-sensitive probe. In addition, subgingival plaque samples were collected from these sites at baseline (BAS), at reassessment 1 (R1), approximately 6 weeks after the completion of therapy and at reassessment 2 (R2), 6 months from baseline. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to determine the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, Treponema denticola and Bacteroides forsythus in plaque. RESULTS: Both therapies resulted in significant improvements in all clinical indices both at R1 and R2. A marked reduction in the presence of all candidate periodontal pathogens was noted after both treatment modalities, reaching statistical significance for the majority of the test organisms. These improvements were maintained over a period of 6 months. When the two treatment groups were compared, a significantly higher percentage of Q-SRP patients was positive for P. intermedia at R1 compared with FM-SRP patients (p<0.05). In addition, a greater reduction in the patient prevalence for T. denticola was found for the FM-SRP group than the Q-SRP group at R1 and R2 from baseline (p<0.005), but the significance of this is questionable given the skewed detection frequency of this organism at baseline between the two treatments (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: This study failed to confirm that same-day FM-SRP resulted in greater microbiological improvements compared with Q-SRP at 2-weekly intervals over a 6-month period, as determined by PCR.     

一次性全口龈下刮治和根面平整术治疗慢性牙周炎的近期疗效评价

目的：探讨一次性全口龈下刮治和根面平整术（full-mouth scaling and root planning,FM-SRP）治疗慢性牙周炎的效果,并与常规的分象限刮治（quadrant scaling and root planning,Q-SRP）效果进行比较。方法：将60例慢性牙周炎患者随机分为2组：FM-SRP组在1天内完成全口所有象限的刮治和根面平整。而Q-SRP组每周进行1个象限的刮治,连续4周完成全口治疗。分别在基线、3个月和6个月时,检测菌斑指数（plaque index,PI）、牙龈指数（gingival index,GI）、探诊出血（bleeding on probing,BOP）、探诊深度（probing depth。PD）及附着丧失（attachment loss,AL）的变化及患者的术后反应。所得结果分别进行秩和检验（PI、GI）、t检验（PD、AL）和X^2检验（BOP）。结果：与基线时相比,2种治疗方式在3个月和6个月时的所有临床牙周指数均有显著改善（P〈0．01）,但2组之间无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。在首次治疗24h,FM-SRP组的术后反应发生率显著高于Q-SRP组（P〈0.05）,但患者能够耐受。结论：FM-SRP和Q-SRP两种方法均可达到相同的临床效果,临床医生可根据实际需要,选择合适的治疗方式。     

Quadrant root planing versus same-day full-mouth root planing

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine whether same-day full-mouth scaling and root planing (FM-SRP) and quadrant scaling and root planing (Q-SRP) resulted in variations in the systemic humoral immune response dynamics (antibody titres and avidity) during active treatment and 3 and 6 months post-therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty patients with chronic periodontitis were recruited into this study. Subjects were randomised into two groups and received either scaling and root planing quadrant by quadrant at 2-weekly intervals (Q-SRP group) or same-day full-mouth scaling and root planing (FM-SRP group). Clinical measurements and serum samples were obtained at baseline and approximately 6 weeks after the last clinical intervention (R1) and 6 months after the initiation of therapy (R2). Furthermore, serum samples were obtained from each patient undergoing therapy (Q-SRP and FM-SRP) at 3 bi-weekly instances so as to determine the short-term effects of each session of scaling and root planing on the dynamics of the humoral immune response. Serum antibody titre was assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and antibody avidity was measured by thiocyanate dissociation against five putative periodontal pathogens: Porphyromonas gingivalis; Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans; Prevotella intermedia; Treponema denticola and Bacteroides forsythus. RESULTS: Both therapies resulted in similar antibody titre reductions against the majority of the organisms tested and although there was a distinct trend for antibody avidity to increase following therapy, this was not found to be statistically significant, reflecting marked inter-individual variation. In addition, no evidence emerged from this study to support increased antibody titres following the active phases of both treatment approaches due to an inoculation effect. Nevertheless, significant short-term increases in antibody avidity to most test bacteria were noted for both treatment strategies. CONCLUSION: Both therapies were associated with a reduction in antibody titres and an increase in the binding ability or avidity of antibodies, but there was a marked inter-subject variability and statistical significance was reached for only some of the test bacteria. No significant differences in the humoral antibody dynamics were found between the two treatment approaches.     

两种刮治方法对老年牙周炎患者的临床疗效及患者疼痛感受的比较

目的:比较两种刮治方法对老年牙周炎患者的临床疗效及患者疼痛感受的差异,以期为临床提供参考.方法:选择老年牙周炎患者30名,随机分为两组,A组接受常规牙周刮治,用Gracey刮治器分四区段手工刮治,B组接受一次性超声全口龈下刮治,用EMS超声龈下工作尖一次性完成全口刮治.治疗结束后即刻用视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)对患者行疼痛评估,并记录治疗时间.两组分别于刮治开始前和治疗后6周记录全口牙周情况:菌斑指数(plaque index,PLI)、探诊深度(probing depth,PD)、附着丧失(attachment loss,AL)、牙龈出血指数(bleeding index,BI).结果:用两种刮治方法对老年牙周炎患者进行治疗后,患者各项临床指标均较术前明显改善(P<0.05);两者PD、AL和BI的改变差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),与A组相比,B组的PLI改善更明显(P<0.05).手工刮治和超声刮治在牙周基础治疗中患者主观感受疼痛VAS值分别为(37.7±10.5)mm和(27.9±8.4)mm,后者约为前者疼痛值的74%,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).超声刮治所用时间明显少于手工刮治.结论:在老年牙周炎患者的牙周基础治疗过程中,两种刮治方法疗效均确切,超声刮治能明显减轻老年患者在牙周治疗过程中的疼痛感,减少就诊时间.     

全口超声龈下刮治两次法对轻中度慢性牙周炎老年患者的近期疗效观察

目的:观察全口超声龈下刮治两次法对轻中度牙周炎的治疗效果。方法:按病例纳入标准选择年龄60岁以上、轻中度牙周炎患者42例,经口腔卫生宣教、超声龈上洁治术后,进行基线检查:牙龈出血指数(GBI),探针出血(BOP)阳性位点,牙周探诊深度(PD)及附着水平(AL),然后进行两次全口超声龈下刮治。术后1个月、3个月复查。所得数据进行配对t检验,统计学分析各临床指标治疗前后的变化。结果:术后1个月的PD由治疗前平均3.18 mm减少至平均2.45 mm(P<0.05),附着水平由平均4.51 mm提高至平均3.34mm(P<0.05),术后3个月的PD及AL分别为2.37 mm(P<0.05)及3.27 mm(P<0.05)。GBI术前平均为3.17,术后一个月及三个月分别减少至1.67(P<0.05)及1.82(P<0.05)。BOP阳性率由术前的37.2%,在术后一个月及三个月分别下降至13.2%(P<0.05)和16.8%(P<0.05)。结论:全口超声龈下刮治两次法短期可改善老年轻中度牙周炎患者的牙龈出血及附着水平,牙周袋探诊深度也有减少的趋势,同时相对于传统的分区龈下刮治及根面平整术,可减少患者复诊次数。