情绪调节的性别效应：额叶静息脑电偏侧化研究

目的采用额叶静息脑电偏侧化来研究情绪调节的性别效应。方法应用40导放大器采集30名19～26岁正常人的静息脑电，通过scan4．3软件对脑电数据进行离线分析，最后用SPSS17．0软件进行统计分析。结果正常人脑左右半球间alpha波功率差异有统计学意义。偏侧化与性别交互效应组，极点与性别交互效应组，极点与偏侧化交互效应组，极点与偏侧化与性别交互效应组，均差异无统计学意义伊=0．668，1．418，1．164，P〉0．05）。男女偏侧化程度F4／F3组（t=0．456，P=0．646），FS／F7／组（t=0．809，P=0．425），FP2／FPl组（t=1．542，P=0．134），各极点均差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论正常人大脑左右半球存在偏侧化，偏侧化不存在性别差异，额叶静息脑电alpha波功率偏侧化，在非任务状态下不能作为情绪调节能力的指标。     

社区医护人员职业倦怠与正/负情绪的调查

目的 了解成都市社区医护人员职业倦怠及正负情绪状况.方法 采用职业倦怠问卷（MBI）和正负性情绪量表（PANAS）对378名社区医护人员进行调查.结果 ①社区医生的情感衰竭和低个人成就感高于护士（t=2.00,2.11,P＜0.05）.②社区医生的负性情绪高于护士（t=7.86,P＜0.05）.③MBI与负性情绪的心烦、心神不宁、敌意、易怒、紧张、坐立不安、害怕等因子呈正相关（P＜0.05）.结论 社区医护人员的职业倦怠不容忽视,且职业倦怠与负性情绪明显相关,应有针对性地开展健康教育及心理干预,减少负性情绪.     

2型糖尿病患者抑郁情绪对认知功能的影响

背景 2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者存在认知损伤,近来研究显示抑郁与认知损伤相关。目的 探讨T2DM患者抑郁情绪对认知功能的影响。方法 收集2013年4月-2014年10月在唐山工人医院内分泌科住院的T2DM患者264例。对其应用Zung抑郁自评量表（SDS）评定抑郁情绪,其中SDS标准分≥53分者作为A组（n=68）,SDS标准分＜53分者作为B组（n=196）。对两组患者应用可重复成套神经心理状态测验（RBANS）进行认知功能评定,记录即刻记忆、视觉空间、语言能力、注意能力和延迟记忆评分,分析影响T2DM患者认知的因素。结果 264例T2DM患者中,68例存在抑郁情绪,抑郁患病率为25.8%。两组视觉空间、语言能力、注意能力评分比较,差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;A组即刻记忆、延迟记忆及RBANS标准分均低于B组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。进行协方差分析后,A组延迟记忆评分低于B组,差异有统计学意义（F=5.1,P＜0.05）。Pearson相关分析结果显示,T2DM患者SDS标准分与即刻记忆（r=-0.14,P＜0.05）、延迟记忆（r=-0.21,P＜0.05）及RBANS标准分（r=-0.13,P＜0.05）呈直线负相关。多元线性回归分析结果显示,SDS标准分是影响T2DM患者延迟记忆的因素（b=-0.22,β=-0.21,t=-3.00,P＜0.05）。结论 抑郁情绪会加重T2DM患者认知损伤。     

运动处方结合团体心理辅导对黑龙江省某医学院学生抑郁情绪的影响

目的：了解运动处方结合团体心理辅导对医学生抑郁情绪的影响.方法：应用大学生人格问卷（UPI）和抑郁自评量表（SDS）筛选出轻微抑郁医学生100名,分成5组进行实验.实验 1、3组采用单独运动形式的体育锻炼,实验2、4组以集体对抗性体育运动为主,实验3、4组同时定期辅以团体心理辅导,对照组不采取任何干预方法,比较各组干预前后的SDS分值.结果：各实验组实验前后SDS分值差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,而对照组差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.各实验组之间均存在统计学差异,各组P值依次减小.结论：运动处方与团体心理辅导相结合对医学生抑郁情绪具有明显的改善作用.     

运动平板试验对心脏神经官能症患者焦虑和抑郁情绪的影响

目的：探讨运动平板试验对心脏神经官能症患者焦虑和抑郁情绪的影响.方法：50例不良心境的心脏神经官能症患者,随机分为运动平板组和对照组.运动平板组采用Bruce方案进行心电运动试验,对照组仅进行心电监护.于试验前后,对两组进行Zung抑郁自评量表（SDS）、Zung焦虑自评量表（SAS）测评.结果：运动平板组、对照组在试验前均存在严重焦虑、抑郁不良心境,两组无显著差异（P＞0.05）.运动平板组在心电运动平板试验后焦虑、抑郁情绪改善,与试验前比有非常显著性差异（P＜0.01）.对照组心电监护后焦虑、抑郁情绪无明显改善,与试验前比无显著性差异（P＜0.05）.心电运动平板组试验后与对照组试验后有非常显著性差异（P＜0.01）.结论：心电运动平板试验能有效改善心脏神经官能症患者不良心境.心电运动平板试验既是检测、鉴别疾病的手段,也是治疗心脏神经官能症的一种有效方法.     

协同护理模式在首发脑卒中患者自我护理能力和抑郁情绪中的应用研究

目的：探讨协同护理模式对首发脑卒中患者自我护理能力和抑郁情绪的影响。方法：在2016年1至6月使用便利抽样法抽取首发脑卒中病例101例,采用随机数字表法将其分为试验组（51例）和对照组（49例）,试验组接受协同护理模式护理,对照组接受常规护理,干预后6个月,采用自我护理量表（the Exercise of Self-care Agency Scale,ESCA）和自评抑郁量表（Self-rating Depression Scale,SDS）比较2组干预效果。结果：干预前试验组、对照组自我护理能力（t=-0.375,P=0.708）和抑郁情绪（t=-0.258,P=0.797）均无明显差异,干预后试验组自我护理能力（t=4.122,P=0.000）和抑郁情绪（t=-2.515,P=0.014）较对照组明显改善;干预后试验组自我护理能力（t=-2.980,P=0.004）和抑郁情绪（t=10.491,P=0.000）较干预前也明显改善。结论：协同护理模式可以有效提高首发脑卒中患者的自我护理能力并改善其抑郁情绪。     

早期心理干预对卒中后抑郁患者心理特征的影响

目的：探讨早期心理干预对卒中后抑郁患者心理特征的影响。方法：将135例急性脑梗死患者随机分为常规治疗组（n=68）及心理干预组（n=67）,分别观察急性脑梗死后第7天和第21天卒中后抑郁发病率情况,采用抑郁自评量表及汉密顿抑郁量表进行抑郁状态评价,采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）评估卒中后抑郁患者心理特征。结果：急性脑梗死卒中后抑郁发病率为38.5%,其中常规治疗组卒中后抑郁发病率（54.4%）显著高于心理干预组（22.4%）（X2=14.6143,P〈0.01）;急性脑梗死发病第7天及第21天,心理干预组卒中后抑郁患者SDS评分均较常规治疗组降低（t=2.07,P〈0.05;t=6.70,P〈0.01）;在急性脑梗死发病第7天,心理干预组PSD患者HAMD评分与常规治疗组比较无显著差异（t=1.91,P〉0.05）,而在第21天,心理干预组PSD患者HAMD评分显著低于常规治疗组（t=1.91,P〈0.05）;心理干预组患者SCL-90评分较常规治疗组患者显著降低。结论：早期心理干预能有效降低急性脑梗死患者卒中后抑郁的发生,并能有效改善卒中后患者的心理障碍。     

50例住院伤残荣誉军人SAS、SDS问卷调查

目的：探讨住院伤残荣誉军人的焦虑、抑郁情绪。方法：应用焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）进行测查。结果：住院伤残荣誉军人SAS均分、SDS均分明显高于常模,二差异有非常显性（P＜0.01),不同残疾等级间SAS、均分、SDS均分差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05);不同年龄间SDS均分差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05),SAS均分差导有显性（P＜0.05)。结论：住院伤残荣誉军人存在较严重的心理卫生问题。     

压力接种训练对慢性心力衰竭患者焦虑、抑郁及运动能力的影响研究

目的：探讨压力接种训练（Stress Inoculation Training,SIT）对慢性心力衰竭（Chronic Heart Failure,CHF）患者焦虑、抑郁及运动能力的影响。方法：选取2020年3月—2021年10月郑州大学第一附属医院心内科收治的74例CHF患者作为研究对象，采用抽签法分为对照组和干预组，每组各37例。对照组给予常规护理干预，干预组在对照组的基础上给予8周SIT。比较两组患者干预前后焦虑自评量表（SAS）评分、抑郁自评量表（SDS）评分情况及6 min步行试验（6 MWT）的距离。结果：干预后，干预组SAS、SDS评分均明显低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（t=5.673、5.549,P<0.05）。干预后，干预组6 MWT的距离明显短于对照组，差异有统计学意义（t=-2.753,P<0.05）。结论：SIT能够缓解CHF患者焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪，提高CHF患者的活动能力，增强其战胜疾病的信心，改善其预后。     

慢性肾脏疾病非透析患者情绪、人格类型、应对方式的相关性研究

目的：探讨慢性肾脏疾病非透析患者的情绪、心理健康状况、人格等心理因素及与病情的相关性。方法：58例慢性肾脏疾病非透析患者按美国K/DOQI指南的诊断标准进行肾功能分期,健康对照组31例。对所有研究对象进行一般资料调查、肾功能评定,以ZUNG焦虑自评量表（SAS）、ZUNG抑郁自评表（SDS）分别评定抑郁和焦虑症状程度;以症状自评量表（SCL 90）测试被试者的心理健康状况;以特质应对问卷测试被试者应对方式;以艾森克人格问卷简式量表（EPQ RSC）测试患者的人格状况,比较两组间差异。结果：慢性肾脏疾病组焦虑情绪、抑郁情绪和消极应对显著高于对照组（P＜0.01）;人格类型稳定性两组相比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;两组心理健康状况相比,躯体化、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐惧、偏执、精神病性及总分、总均分、阳性数、阳性均数差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;心理指标与被试变量的相关性分析显示年龄与抑郁（SDS）、消极应对呈正相关（P＜0.05）;受教育程度与焦虑（SAS）、抑郁（SDS）呈负相关（P＜0.05）;血清白蛋白（Alb）与消极应对呈负相关（P＜0.05）;而性别、职业、肾功能、血红蛋白（Hb）与焦虑抑郁情绪、应对方式及心理健康状况总分、总均分、阳性数无相关性。结论：慢性肾脏疾病非透析患者存在明显的抑郁与焦虑情绪,心理健康状况明显低于正常人,年龄、受教育程度与焦虑抑郁情绪、应对方式有一定相关性,但肾功能与焦虑抑郁情绪、应对方式、心理健康水平无相关性。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.