早期鼻咽癌手术摘除肿瘤后减量放疗可行性研究

目的 :对早期鼻咽癌 ,手术摘除肿瘤后 ,减量放疗 ,观察远期疗效及放疗后遗症。方法 :对 42例早期鼻咽癌患者采用硬腭进路鼻咽部肿瘤摘除术 ,术后给予放疗量 6 0～ 6 3Gy。同期的 42例早期鼻咽癌患者作为对照组 ,给予单纯放疗 ,放疗量为 73～ 80 Gy。观察两组病人的 5年 .10年无瘤生存率 ,总的生存率以及生存质量。结果 :治疗组和对照组 5年无瘤生存率分别为 41/ 42 (97.6 % )和 35 / 42 (83.3% ) ,两组差别有显著意义 (χ2 =4.97,P<0 .0 5 )。 5年总的生存率分别为 41/ 42(97.6 % )和 39/ 42 (92 .8% )。两组病人 10年的无瘤生存率分别为 17/ 2 1(80 % )和 15 / 2 0 (75 % )总的生存率分别为 19/ 2 1(90 .4% )和 15 / 2 0 (75 % )。 5年和 10年的总生存率 ,10年无瘤生存率 ,两组差别无显著意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。治疗组放疗后遗症出现的程度较对照组轻。结论 :早期鼻咽癌手术摘除肿瘤后减量放疗是可行的。     

化疗加放疗治疗晚期鼻咽癌的临床观察

目的　观察诱导化疗加辅助化疗配合常规放疗综合治疗晚期鼻咽癌的疗效。方法　 6 0例Ⅲ、Ⅳa期鼻咽癌患者随机分组 ,将单纯放疗的 30例鼻咽癌患者设为单纯放疗组 (单放组 ) ,诱导加辅助化疗配合常规放射治疗的 30例鼻咽癌患者设为综合治疗组 (综合组 )。两组放疗方法、时间 /剂量分割相一致。结果　综合组和单放组的 5a生存率分别为 5 0 % (15 / 30 ) ,2 6 .7% (8/ 30 ) ,鼻咽局部控制率分别为 5 6 .7% (17/ 30 )和 33% (10 / 30 ) ,颈淋巴结转移控制率分别为 5 3.3% (16 / 30 )和 36 .7%(11/ 30 ) ,远处转移率分别为 2 9% (8/ 30 )和 5 0 % (15 / 30 ) ,两组比较有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 )。毒性反应主要表现在综合组比单放组更多发生Ⅰ、Ⅱ级骨髓抑制 ,胃肠道反应。结论　DDP加 5 -Fu联合化疗方案采用诱导和辅助化疗的方式配合常规放疗可提高晚期鼻咽癌的生存率和局部控制率 ,减少远处转移。     

新辅助化疗联合放疗在中晚期鼻咽癌治疗中的临床应用

目的　探讨新辅助化疗在中晚期鼻咽癌治疗中的价值。方法　将 86例经病理证实、初治的Ⅲ、Ⅳa期鼻咽癌患者 ,随机分为化疗加放疗组及单纯放疗组各 43例。化疗方案 :DDP 2 0mg/m2 静滴 ,第 1～ 5天 ,5 -FU 5 0 0mg/m2静注 ,第 1～ 5天 ,治疗 2个疗程 ,放射治疗采用60 Coγ线及深部X线治疗机 ,鼻咽部剂量 :6 8～ 74Gy/ [(34～ 37次 )·(7～ 9周 ) ] ,颈淋巴结剂量 :6 0～ 6 5Gy/ [(30～ 33次 )·(6～ 7周 ) ] ,颈部预防量 :45～ 5 0Gy。结果　化疗加放疗组治疗后、3个月、6个月鼻咽肿瘤消退率分别为 86 % ,88%及 91% ,颈淋巴消散率分别为 79% ,81%及 84% ;单纯放疗组鼻咽肿瘤消退率分别为 74% ,77%及 79% ,颈淋巴消散率分别为 6 7% ,70 %及 72 %。化疗加放疗组鼻咽肿瘤和颈淋巴消退率明显高于单纯放疗组 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　应用DDP + 5 -FU新辅助化疗 2个疗程能明显提高中晚期 (Ⅲ ,Ⅳa期 )鼻咽癌的局控率 ,对降低远处转移和提高生存率可能也有正面作用。     

诱导化疗加放射治疗Ⅳ期鼻咽癌的疗效观察

目的 :评价诱导化疗加放射治疗和单纯放疗治疗Ⅳ (N3 M0 )期鼻咽癌的临床疗效。方法 :将经病理证实的 3 4例Ⅳ (N3 M0 )期鼻咽癌 3 4例随机分为诱导化疗加放疗组 (Ⅰ )和单纯放疗组 (Ⅱ )。Ⅰ组放疗前应用PF方案(DDP 5 -FU)化疗 2周期 ,2组放疗方法相同。结果 :Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组鼻咽部肿瘤完全消退率分别为88.2 %和 82 .4% ,颈部转移淋巴结完全消退率分别为 94.1 %和 88.2 % ,差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组 3年生存率分别为 70 .6%和 47.1 % ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组远处转移率分别为 2 3 .5 %和41 .2 % ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。Ⅰ组治疗毒副反应比Ⅱ组重。结论 :诱导化疗加放射治疗Ⅳ (N3 M0 )期鼻咽癌 ,可以提高 3年生存率 ,减少远处转移率 ,毒副反应比单纯放疗大 ,但不影响治疗进程。     

不同方式治疗肺癌脑转移的疗效比较

目的 :探讨对肺癌脑转移患者行手术、放疗及辅以联合化疗后的疗效比较。方法 :38例肺癌脑转移病例分成手术组 9例、放疗组 6例、手术 +化疗组 13例、放疗 +化疗组 10例 ,对治疗后中位生存期、生存率进行分析。结果 :手术 +化疗组和放疗 +化疗组的中位生存期分别为 10 7月和 8 5月 ,1年生存率为 38 5 %和 30 0 % ,明显优于单纯手术组的 6 4月和 2 2 2 %、单纯放疗组的 6月和 16 7% (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :肺癌脑转移单纯手术或单纯化疗后行联合化疗 ,能有效提高患者的生存时间和生存质量     

诱导化疗后放射治疗Ⅲ、Ⅳa期鼻咽癌临床研究

目的 :探讨诱导化疗后放射治疗鼻咽癌的临床价值。方法 :10 3例Ⅲ、Ⅳa期鼻咽癌患者 ,随机分成两组 ,诱导化疗组 5 5例 ,放疗前化疗两疗程 ,放疗组 48例单纯放疗。结果 :治疗结束后三个月颈部淋巴结完全消退率分别为87 1%和 62 5 % ,两组有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 )。诱导化疗组、放疗组 1、2、3年肿瘤局部控制率分别为 83 6%、70 9%、63 6% ;5 8 3 %、41 7%、3 7 5 % ,两组对比差异具有显著性。诱导化疗组 1、2、3生存率分别为 87 5 %、76 4%、69% ,放疗组 1、2、3年生存率分别为 62 5 %、45 8%、3 9 6% ,对比差异具有显著性。结论 :诱导化疗加放疗能提高Ⅲ、Ⅳa期鼻咽癌的近期肿瘤消退率及 1～ 3年局部肿瘤控制率、生存率 ,值得进一步深入研究     

滑膜肉瘤的临床综合治疗分析

目的　评价滑膜肉瘤综合治疗的疗效。方法　选择 1996年 10月至 2 0 0 2年 10月收治的 72例滑膜肉瘤患者。年龄 14 6 8岁 ,平均 32岁。男 4 5例 ,女 2 7例。发病部位 :肢体 5 6例 ,躯干 13例 ,头颈部 3例。治疗方法 :2 9例单纯手术治疗 ,11例手术 放疗 ,2 1例手术 放疗 化疗 ,11例手术 化疗 ,其中术前化疗 15例。〔本组病例中外院术后复发 (其中包括补充根治 ) 34例 ,我院首诊 38例。〕结果　外院术后病例 2、5年生存率分别为 4 4 %和2 9%。我院首诊病例的 2、5年生存率分别为 82 %和 5 8%。单纯手术治疗病例的 2、5年生存率分别为 4 5 %和2 4 % ,手术 放疗的病例 2、5年生存率分别为 6 4 %和 4 5 %。手术 放疗 化疗的病例 2、5年生存率分别为 81%和 6 2 % ,手术 化疗的病例 2、5年生存率分别为 73%和 4 5 %。术前化疗的病例 2、5年生存率分别为 80 %和 6 7%。结论　局部根治性切除术治疗是首选的治疗方法 ,放射治疗与化学治疗常用为手术的辅助治疗 ,可以提高其疗效。应以综合治疗为主 ,以解决其高复发 ,降低转移 ,延长生存期。     

鼻咽癌106例临床分析

目的 :总结鼻咽癌的发病规律和治疗效果。方法 :分析鼻咽癌 10 6例的年龄构成 ,临床分期构成。随机将 10 6例分为联合化疗组 72例和未化疗组 34例 ,并进行随访 ,统计 5年生存率。结果 :10 6例中 ,5 0岁以上 6 0例 ,占 5 6 .6 % ,5年生存率为 4 3.3% ,与 10 6例的 5年生存率 (41.5 % )和 5 0岁以下组 5年生存率近似。放射治疗后配合化疗 72例 ,5年生存率高于同期未行化疗者 (P<0 .0 5 )。 结论 :鼻咽癌初诊时Ⅰ、Ⅱ期患者较以前有所增加 ,放疗后配合化疗能提高 5年生存率     

诱导化疗加外放射治疗中晚期鼻咽癌39例

鼻咽癌对放疗颇敏感 ,患者的死亡原因主要是癌远处转移。其单纯放疗的5年生存率在 5 0 %左右。为降低鼻咽癌远处转移 ,提高生存率 ,我们对 39例中晚期鼻咽癌患者采用诱导化疗加外照射的方法治疗 ,取得较好效果 ,现报道如下。1　资料与方法1 1　一般资料　将 1995年 1月至 1998年 8月在我院住院的 86例年龄 18～ 6 6岁 ,卡氏评分 80分 ,鼻咽原发灶活检病理证实为低为化鳞癌 ,以前未行过放疗和化疗 ,血常规及肝肾功能正常 ,放疗前无远处转移的鼻咽癌患者依据信封法随机分为诱导化疗加放疗组 (综合组 39例 )和单纯放疗组 (对照组 45例 )。所有…     

放疗联合羟基喜树碱治疗早期鼻咽癌的疗效分析

目的：观察放射治疗联合羟基喜树碱（Hcpt）治疗早期鼻咽癌的疗效。方法回顾性分析1996年1月至2001年12月在该院接受治疗的早期鼻咽癌患者236例,其中单纯放疗198例为单纯放疗组,羟基喜树碱同期放化疗28例（羟基喜树碱同期化疗1周期17例,2周期8例,3周期3例）为羟基喜树碱同期放化疗组,羟基喜树碱诱导化疗10例（羟基喜树碱诱导化疗1周期10例）为羟基喜树碱诱导化疗组。按照1992年福州分期标准进行临床分期,Ⅰ期30例（占12．7％）,Ⅱ期206（87．3％）。采用放射治疗和化疗进行治疗,并随访,用Kaplan‐Meier法对鼻咽局部控制率、无瘤生存率及总生存率进行分析。结果单纯放疗组、羟基喜树碱同期放化疗组和羟基喜树碱诱导化疗组5年鼻咽原发灶控制率、无瘤生存率、总生存率分别为77．6％、73．2％、79．9％,58．3％、58．3％、58．3％和74．9％、65．2％、72．0％。单纯放疗组和羟基喜树碱诱导化疗组相比较,两组鼻咽原发灶控制率、无瘤生存率差异无统计学意义（P＝0．105,0．245）,羟基喜树碱诱导化疗组的5年总生存率反而要比单纯放疗组的要低（P＝0．043）;单纯放疗组和羟基喜树碱同期化疗组相比较,两组鼻咽原发灶控制率、无瘤生存率、总生存率差异无统计学意义（P＝0．975,0．855,0．757）。结论羟基喜树碱诱导化疗以及同期化疗没有提高早期（Ⅰ～Ⅱ期）鼻咽癌的治疗效果。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.