关节镜下应用同种异体骨-腱-骨重建前交叉韧带21例疗效观察

目的:观察应用同种异体骨-腱-骨移植物在关节镜下重建膝关节前交叉韧带的临床疗效.方法:对21例膝关节前交叉韧带断裂的患者,在关节镜下应用由山西骨组织库提供的同种异体骨-腱-骨移植物进行膝关节前交叉韧带重建,同时处理膝关节合并损伤.观察患者手术前、后生化,免疫指标的变化情况以及患者全身状况和膝关节局部的反应,定期检查康复锻炼、关节功能情况,并应用Lysholm评分进行关节功能评定.结果:术后所有患者均未见排异反应及感染发生,并都获得随访.所有患者膝关节屈伸活动正常,术后Lysholm评分1明显低于术前(t=24.211,P<0.01),差别有统计学意义.结论:应用同种异体骨-腱-骨在关节镜下重建前交叉韧带有良好的临床疗效,同时也验证了股骨外髁中点是前交叉韧带等距重建的理想位置和手术疗效的重要保证.     

关节镜下同种异体骨-髌腱-骨重建前交叉韧带的临床疗效

目的 评价关节镜下应用同种异体骨-髌腱-骨重建膝关节前交叉韧带的临床疗效.方法 2005年12月至2007年12月,我科住院患者经关节镜检查证实为前交叉韧带(anterior crueiate ligament,ACL)断裂者125例,获得随访的患者109例,所有患者均于关节镜下行同种异体骨-髌腱-骨重建膝关节前交叉韧带术.疗效评估采用:KTl000,Lysholm,Irrgang,改良larson,国际膝关节评分委员会(international knee documentation committee,IKDC)韧带评分系统.结果 所有患者术后随访6～24个月,平均16.9个月,所有患者随访时异体移植物位置良好,术后所有患者KT.1000检查双侧膝关节前向松弛度差值<3 mm,IKDC评分活动水平正常或接近正常98例(89.9%),Lysholm评分从(50.2±4.3)分提高至(88.4±6.4)分,lrrgang评分从(43.4±4.3)分提高争(82.6±5.3)分,Larson评分从(41.4±4.8)分提高至(88.5±4.3)分,和术前相比均有显著性意义(P<0.01).所有患者均无严重并发症发生.结论 同种异体移植物是前交叉韧带重建良好的选择之一,关节镜下同种异体骨-髌腱-骨移植物重建前交叉韧带手术能使膝关节功能获得良好的恢复.     

关节镜下同种异体骨-髌腱-骨移植重建前交叉韧带30例

[目的]总结关节镜下同种异体骨-髌腱-骨移植重建前交叉韧带（anterior cruciate ligament,ACL）的临床疗效。[方法]2006年1月至2008年6月我科在关节镜下应用同种异体骨-髌腱-骨移植重建ACL 30例,其中单纯ACL损伤17例,合并半月板损伤10例,合并半月板及内侧副韧带损伤3例,骨块用可吸收界面螺钉固定,对其术前和随访过程中的症状、体征及Lysholm膝关节评分以及并发症进行分析。[结果]所有患者切口均Ⅰ期愈合,无明显的免疫排斥反应,无细菌或病毒感染、关节粘连及血管神经损伤等并发症发生,术后随访时间18～38个月,平均24.5个月,患者自诉膝关节不稳及无力症状消失,根据Lysholm膝关节功能评分,术前42.62±4.35分,术后89.15±3.65分,手术前后有显著性差异（P〈0.01）。[结论]关节镜下可吸收界面螺钉固定异体骨-髌腱-骨移植重建ACL手术可有效改善膝关节稳定性,手术时间短,固定牢固,功能恢复满意,不需要二次手术取出内固定,是一种安全有效的ACL重建方法。     

关节镜下骨-髌腱-骨移植重建膝后交叉韧带的体会

目的 应用关节镜下应用骨-髌腱-骨移植重建膝后交叉韧带,评估其近期临床治疗效果.方法 在关节镜直视下采用骨-髌腱-骨移植重建膝后交叉韧带,用于治疗后十字韧带损伤后关节不稳定.观察手术前后膝关节症状改善情况、后抽屉试验、Lavhman试验的变化.结果 15例患者术后随访12～24个月,平均随访15个月,术后膝关节稳定性明显改善,关节功能恢复满意.结论 后交叉后韧带断裂并发关节不稳定应进行重建手术治疗,关节镜直视下能准确定位后交叉韧带重建的起止点,骨-髌腱-骨能完全满足后交叉韧带重建的功能要求,在关节镜下手术,操作方便,不切开关节囊,损伤小,恢复快,疗效满意.     

关节镜下自体与同种异体骨-髌腱-骨重建膝前交叉韧带的临床探讨

目的探讨关节镜下自体与同种异体骨-髌腱-骨（B-PT—B）移植重建膝前交叉韧带（ACL）的临床疗效。方法对术前MRI检查有前交叉韧带断裂且术中关节镜检证实为前交叉韧带断裂者25例,按病人要求,分别选择采用关节镜下自体（自体组）和同种异体（同种异体组）骨-髌腱-骨移植重建膝前交叉韧带进行治疗,观察并记录两组治疗前后的症状、体征变化及术后Lysholm膝关节功能评分。术后随访6～24个月,平均16．7个月。结果两组术后均未发生严重的并发症,关节失稳明显改善,客观指标正常。手术时间自体组为（80±10）min,同种异体组为（60±10）min。术后发热时间自体组为（2±1）d,同种异体组为（3±1）d。膝关节功能按Lysholm评分标准,自体组为（86．7±4．3）min,同种异体组为（85．8±4．4）min。按Lukiano评分标准,自体组优良率为92．5％,同种异体组为90．09％。两组病例膝关节活动范围均正常。结论采用关节镜下自体B—PT-B移植手术时间较同种异体B—PT-B移植时间长,而术后吸收热时间较短（P〈0．01）,但白体与异体B—PT—B移植住院时间、Lysholm评分和重建ACL临床疗效差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。同种异体移植重建无明显排斥反应,避免了自体B-PT—B重建时的自体组织损伤。同种异体B—PT—B是ACL重建的良好选择之一。     

关节镜下应用同种异体髌腱联合重建前后交叉韧带的临床随访研究

目的 探讨关节镜下利用同种异体髌腱(骨-腱-骨组织,BPTB)联合重建前、后交叉韧带的近期临床效果.方法 收集2003年5月至2005年11月间10例前、后交叉韧带联合损伤的患者,在关节镜下利用挤压界面螺钉固定,同种异体髌腱联合重建前交叉韧带和后交叉韧带.所有患者术后随访12～30个月(平均18个月).按照国际膝关节评分委员会(international knee documental committee,IKDC)、Lysholm和Tegnar膝关节评分标准评价疗效.结果 术后无伸膝受限,最后随访时屈膝活动度为120°～135°(平均128.38°).Lysholm膝关节功能评分术前为48～78(66.5±5.6)分,终末随访时为85～96(89.8±3.4)分,手术前后有显著性差异(P＜0.01).Tegnar运动能力评价表在初次受伤前为4～9(6.9±1.7)分;伤后术前为0～3(2.2±0.6)分;随访结束时为2～9(5.5±1.6)分.受伤前和随访结束时评分无显著性差异.终末随访IKDC评分:A 4例(40.0%),B 5例(50.0%),C 1例(10.0%).10例患者中,8例恢复伤前运动水平,2例运动水平较伤前减低.结论 关节镜下同种异体髌腱联合重建前交叉韧带和后交叉韧带手术操作精细、创伤小,术后膝关节功能恢复满意.     

自体与同种异体肌腱重建前交叉韧带临床对比分析

目的:观察自体骨-髌腱-骨与同种异体移植物关节镜下重建膝关节前交叉韧带(ACL)的疗效与差异。方法:将52例ACL损伤患者分为两组:自体骨-髌腱-骨组23例,同种异体肌腱移植组29例。回顾性分析比较两组患者术前、术后一般情况,膝关节Lachman试验、中立位前抽屉试验(ADT)、Lysholm评分及IKDC评分。随访时间为6～12个月,平均8个月。结果:所有患者均获得随访,术后切口均愈合良好。自体组无明显免疫排斥反应发生,异体组有6例患者出现排斥反应,经甲强龙治疗后愈合良好。两组手术前后各项指标差异有显著性差异;术后膝关节稳定性、Lysholm评分及IKDC评分两组之间未见明显差异。结论:关节镜下自体及同种异体肌腱重建ACL都有较好的疗效,同种异体肌腱重建组无取材区并发症及手术创伤小的优点。     

镜下异体骨-腱-骨重建前交叉韧带15例

目的评估采用同种异体骨-腱-骨组织移植重建前交叉韧带患者的临床疗效。方法从2002年6月-2007年7月,对15例AOL损伤病例进行了同种异体骨-腱-骨组织移植重建并进行效果评估。结果术前15例前抽屉试验、Lachman试验和轴移试验均为阳性,术后全部阴性,2例行走时感膝部轻度疼痛,1例屈膝轻受限。本组所有病人均可正常日常生活和轻度体育锻炼而无特殊不适,对膝关节的稳定性比较满意。并根据Lysholm膝关节功能标准评分85-100分,平均9142,效果满意,摄片检查,4～8周骨块在隧道里均骨性愈合。本组病例随访1～4年,膝关节伸屈活动度均在0°-110°,均已恢复日常工作。结论短期观察显示．采用同种异体骨一髌腱一骨组织移植重建ACL能够获得满意的临床疗效,具备有效性和安全性。     

关节镜下同种异体跟腱经股骨双束双隧道移植重建后交叉韧带

【目的】 探讨在关节镜下采用同种异体跟腱经股骨双束双隧道移植重建膝关节后交叉韧带的手术方法和临床疗效。方法 对2002年3月至2003年4月收治的后交叉韧带损伤致膝关节不稳的10例患者,选用同种异体跟腱作移植物供体,于关节镜下完全经前方入路行后交叉韧带重建手术治疗。手术方法：异体跟腱直径12mm,长20～140mm,带直径10mm的圆柱形跟骨块,跟骨端固定于胫骨骨隧道内,腱性部分按3：2（即7mm：5mm）比例分为两束分别固定于股骨内髁前外（AL）和后内（PM）两个骨隧道内行双束双隧道重建。术后伸膝位支具或石膏托固定4周。以膝关节Lachman试验和后抽屉试验及膝关节Lysholm功能评分标准作为疗效评定指标。结果 所有病例随访12-48月,平均32月。10例患者术后膝关节不稳症状均消失,关节前后方向稳定性恢复,术后膝关节Lachman试验及后抽屉试验均为阴性,屈伸膝活动范围正常;膝关节Lysholm功能评分术前58分,术后6周93分,功能优9例,良1例,优良率100％;临床观察,与异体组织免疫排斥反应相关的表现仅1例轻微发烧（＜38℃）,所有病例均未发生手术并发症。术后随访均未见韧带再松弛,取得满意临床疗效。结论 同种异体跟腱经股骨双柬双隧道移植重建膝关节后交叉韧带是一种既避免移植物供区损伤又符合后交叉韧带生物力学解剖重建的新型临床治疗方法,近期效果好,远期效果还需进一步观察研究。     

关节镜下应用同种异体跟腱重建膝关节交叉韧带的疗效观察

目的探讨关节镜下应用同种异体跟腱修复膝关节交叉韧带损伤的临床疗效。方法应用经深低温冷冻异体跟腱重建方法在关节镜下修复13例膝关节交叉韧带损伤患者。前交叉韧带（ACL）2例,后交叉韧带（PCL）3例,前、后交叉韧带一期修复8例。7例行半月板部分切除;内侧副韧带损伤5例,部分行修补术。结果采用Lysholm膝关节功能评分法,术前平均32分,术后平均85分,术后随访5～24个月,平均随访11个月,优良率83％。结论应用同种异体跟腱修复膝关节前、后交叉韧带损伤,避免了自体取材造成的再损伤及其并发症,术后通过系统的康复治疗,能恢复膝关节的功能。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.