淋巴细胞群体反应抗体检测在肾移植中的意义

对２５２例慢性肾功能衰竭、尿毒症期的患者在肾移植手术前后进行了淋巴细胞群体反应抗体（ＰＲＡ）的检测。术前阳性３２例，阴性２２０例。肾移植术后ＰＲＡ阴性者中发生急性排斥反应７８例，占３５．５％，７例丧失肾功能摘除移植肾５例，占３．２％。阳性组２例发生超急性排斥反应，１例加速性排斥反应，２１例急性排斥反应，占６５．６％，５例丧失肾功能摘除移植肾，２例死亡。提示：ＰＲＡ与肾移植排斥反应有较大关系，并针对ＰＲＡ阳性原因，与肾移植的关系进行讨论。     

淋巴细胞群体反应抗体检测在肾移植中的意义

对２５２例慢性肾功能衰竭，尿毒症期的患者在肾移植手术前后进行了淋巴细胞群体反应抗体ＰＲＡ）的检测。术前阳性３２例，阴性２２０例。肾移植术后ＰＲＡ阴性者发生一排斥反应７８例，占３５．５％，７例丧失肾功能摘摘除移植肾５例，占３．２％，阳性组２例发生超急性排斥反应，１例加速性排斥反庆，２１例生排斥反应，占６５．６％，５例丧失肾功能摘除移植肾，２例死亡，提示，ＰＲＡ与肾移植排斥反庆有较大关系，并针对ＰＲＡ     

肾脏保存20年的经验——1482例次分析

我院自１９７８年６月至１９９７年１２月共施行肾移植１５８０例次,对其中１４８２例进行分析,其中使用乳酸钠林格氏液１７例次,ＨＣＡ液１４６５例次,供肾以整块切取为主。　　热缺血７～１２ｍｉｎ,冷缺血２３２～５５．１２ｈ,温缺血１５７～２．３７ｈ,总缺血４３１～５７．２５ｈ［平均（２５４３±６．５４）ｈ］。　　术后１个月肾功能：（１）恢复顺利者１３７４例次（９３７９％）,血肌酐（Ｃｒ）为（１２９６４９±３２．２４４）μｍｏｌ／Ｌ。（２）曾有肾功能不全者６８例次（４６４％）,血Ｃｒ为（２…     

尸体肾移植术后加速性排斥反应的临床治疗体会

目的 探讨尸体肾移植术后加速性排斥反应的临床治疗。方法 对７例临床上诊断为加速性排斥反应的患者给予强有力的抗排斥治疗。结果 自１９９６年５月至１９９９年５月所行的３００例尸体肾移植患者中，７例发生加速性排斥反应，发生率２．３３％，经强有力的抗排斥治疗后６例完全逆转，排斥逆转率８５．５％，目前６例均健康存活，带肾存活率最长已达３年半；１例治疗无效切除移植肾。结论 加速性排斥反应的防治重点在于早期诊断     

小儿复发性腹股沟斜疝29例临床分析

腹股沟斜疝是小儿外科常见疾病。目前以手术治疗为主，手术方式首选经外环疝囊高扎术。本院自１９８２年～１９９８年间共收治经此术式治疗后复发的病例２９例（首次手术由我院完成的１７例）。现报告如下。ｌ临床资料１．１一般资料本组２９例，全部为男性。年龄１５个月～１２岁，平均４岁。术后７天复发１例，术后６个月内复发２６例，术后１年复发２例。复发至再次手术时间为４个月～８年。其中６例首次手术为嵌顿疝，占２０％。１．２再次手术方法本组全部病人手术治疗。采用腹股沟横或斜切口，切开腹外腱膜寻找疝囊，行疝囊高位结扎木…     

尸体肾移植1011例次的临床报告

１９７８年６月至１９９３年１２月，我院共为９６９例慢性肾衰患者施行同种异体肾移植１０１１例次，人／肾总存活率，１年期为８９．２％／７８．７％；３年期为８２．０％／７４．７％；５年期为６７．０％／５８．４％；存活１０年以上者已有１２例，１５年的肾移植经验表明：（１）提高肾存活率的因素是多方面的，其中高质量以肾与植肾手术尤为重要；（２）环孢素Ａ等免疫抑制剂虽已普遍应用但仍应坚持ＡＢＯ血型及淋巴细胞毒性     

尸体肾移植746例次的临床研究

报告了同种异体肾移植７２７例，７４６例次。术后发生超急性排斥反应１２例次，急性排斥反应２３８例次，慢性排斥反应６６例次。人肾总存活率：１年者为９４．１％和８６．１％，３年者为８８．６％和７７．９％，５年者为８１．５％和７０．５％，最长者存活１５年４个月．７４６例次的临床研究表明：（１）高质量的供肾、快速取肾和熟练的植肾手术是保证肾移植成功的重要条件之一。（２）应坚持ＡＢＯ血型，淋巴细胞毒性试验及ＰＲＡ配型工作。（３）合理应用免疫抑制剂．将激素减到最低量及环孢素血浓度的监测甚为重要。（４）感染是肾移植失败的重要原因，要充分做好预防感染的工作。（５）加强对肾移植患者随访，指导康复期的治疗，随时调节免疫抑制剂，这时患者能否长期存活有重要意义。     

复发性肝癌再次肝切除72例报告

１９６０年１月至１９９１年７月，对复发性肝癌施行再次肝切除共７２例，其中２次肝切除６０例，３次和４次肝切除各为９例和３例，术后存活时间最长的１例已１２年１１，无肝癌复发，全组１、３、５年术后存活率分别为９８．６％、６９．９％、和４９．５％。２次肝切除后１、３、５年术后存活率分别为９０．７％，５３．５％和３６．１％。３次术后１、２、３年存活率分别为１００％、８５．６％和３６．７％。作认为对术后病     

肾移植患者性激素检测及性功能变化研究

测定２６例肾移植术前及术后１、３、６个月血清性激素水平及生存１～３年患者的性功能变化。结果显示：肾移植术后,肾功能恢复正常,术后３个月时男性血清Ｔ值及女性Ｅ２值均恢复正常;６个月时性功能恢复正常。认为成功的肾移植是解除尿毒症患者垂体—性腺功能紊乱的有效方法。     

疤痕子宫再次分娩45例观察

随着剖宫产率的上升，剖宫产后疤痕子宫再次分娩者也随之增加。因此，正确处理疤痕子宫再次分娩的问题，是现代产科值得研究的课题之一。现就这一问题作初步探讨。１　临床资料１．１　一般资料自１９９６年１月～１９９８年１２月剖宫产后疤痕子宫住院分娩４５例，占同期分娩总数４２１０例的１．０６％；孕周＜３７周４例，≥３７周至＜４２周３５例，≥４２周６例，以足月妊娠分娩占绝大多数；前次手术距本次分娩的时间间隔：＜２年２例，２～５年１７例，＞５年２６例，两年以上者达９５．６％。１．２　分娩方式再次剖宫产３５例（７７…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.