BLB 种植体植入位置对种植体周围炎发病率的影响研究

种植体周围炎是种植义齿修复常见并发症,也是种植义齿失败的主要原因。细菌是种植体周围炎的始动因素,能引起种植体周围软组织的感染,如果感染没有得到及时、有效的控制,炎症扩散会导致种植体周围骨质吸收,最终导致种植义齿松动、脱落［1］。因此,预防种植体周围炎发生的关键是减少细菌在种植体周围组织上的定植。在临床工作中,笔者发现, BLB种植体的植入位置是影响种植体周围炎的发病率的因素之一。我院对近十余年接受BLB种植系统修复的患者采取不同的种植体植入位置的种植术,统计分析其种植体周围炎的发病率,报告如下。     

口腔种植体周围炎的研究进展

近20年以来，口腔种植体的应用使口腔修复的治疗发生了极大的变化，并给许多常规义齿修复效果不佳的患者提供了一种安全有效的选择，扩大了治疗范围。以Branemark系统为代表的骨整合种植体，经远期疗效观察成功率接近96％。但是，同样存在着种植失败率。口腔内的微生物感染及宿主反应为失败因素之一。笔者就此问题综述如下。     

种植体周围炎与慢性牙周炎的关系研究分析

目的 探讨种植体周围炎与慢性牙周炎的相关性.方法 选择2010年5月以来在本院种植牙的患者作为研究病例,其中慢性牙周炎组30例,健康组30例,进行比较分析,比较种植体植入后的4个月两组患者种植体周围的牙龈沟积液量（PISF）、改良菌斑指数（mPLI）、改良牙龈沟出血指数（mBI）等各项临床指标.结果 慢性牙周炎患者种植体周围牙龈沟内的积液量明显较健康组患者的多,二者比较差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,其余各项临床指标分析结果显示,除改良菌斑指数外,比较差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 慢性牙周炎与种植体周围炎存在明显的相关性.     

种植体周围炎的非手术治疗与联合治疗的临床研究进展

种植体周围炎作为一种非特异性炎症,患者口腔植入物周围软硬组织出现炎症反应是其主要临床表现,不予以患者有效措施改善其炎症反应,是致使其植入失败的主要影响因素.现今,临床针对种植体周围炎患者治疗,目前主要有手术治疗和非手术治疗两种方法,由于其创伤小、种类多、疗效显著,非手术治疗已成为当前研究的主要方向.此外,有大量报道指出...     

盐酸二甲胺四环素治疗种植体周围炎临床效果观察

目的分析盐酸二甲胺四环素治疗种植体周围炎的临床疗效。方法从2008年1月~2013年1月来我院治疗种植体周围炎的患者中选出24例,其中共有25枚种植体出现炎症,对其进行盐酸二甲胺四环素治疗。分别对所选患者的25枚种植体接受治疗前、治疗后第1、3、6周的菌斑情况进行测量,并对牙龈的探诊深度和牙龈沟内出血情况进行有效记录。结果经过用药后,患者牙龈探诊的深度和牙龈沟内出血情况较治疗前明显降低。结论盐酸二甲胺四环素能够有效治疗无窦道型种植体周围的炎症,但对于有窦道型种植体周围炎则需要联合手术治疗的方法才能够切实达到效果。     

影响种植体周围炎的相关因素及防治对策探析

目的 探讨影响种植体周围炎的危险因子,分析防治对策.方法 采用回顾性研究的方法,选取行种植修复手术的299例患者,根据术后是否发生种植体周围炎,分为病例组(n=33)和对照组(n=266).比较两组患者的一般资料,作Logistic回归分析影响种植体周围炎的危险因子,并提出相应的防治对策.结果 病例组与对照组患者在文化...     

口腔护理行为对种植体周围炎的影响分析

目的:分析口腔护理行为对种植体周围炎的影响。方法:选取2015年3月到2016年2月期间在本院实施种植义齿完成修复的54例患者,将患者随机分为观察组与对照组,每组27例。对照组采用常规护理模式,观察组采用口腔护理行为干预方式,对比两组患者的刷牙次数、刷牙时间以及种植体周围炎的发生几率。结果:观察组患者的刷牙次数、刷牙时间以及种植体周围炎的发生几率均优于对照组患者,两组之间的差异对比存在统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:口腔护理行为对种植体周围炎的影响较大,有助于帮助患者形成良好的口腔清洁习惯,降低种植体周围炎的发生几率,建议在临床护理中广泛应用。     

两种局部用药治疗种植体周围炎的临床效果观察

目的探讨两种局部用药治疗种植体周围炎的临床效果。方法选取2011年5月～2013年8月本院收治的口腔科种植体周围炎患者58例,随机分为盐酸米诺环素组29例,甲硝唑凝胶组29例。比较两组患者治疗前和治疗后的第2、4、8周龈沟出血指数（SBI）、菌斑指数（PLI）、牙周袋探诊深度（PD）等指标。结果两组治疗后第2、4、8周,SBI、PLI、PD均明显改善（P〈0．05）,盐酸米诺环素组的改善情况稍优于甲硝唑凝胶组,两组比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,但8周后,两种药物的治疗作用持久性均不明显。结论盐酸米诺环素软膏和甲硝唑凝胶局部用药均可以显著改善种植体周围炎的临床状况,药效持久,使用方便,值得临床推广应用。     

米诺环素与甲硝唑辅助治疗种植体周围炎的临床疗效

目的 探讨米诺环素与甲硝唑辅助治疗种植体周围炎的临床疗效.方法 选取长沙市口腔医院2018年3月—2020年5月收治的种植体周围炎患者64例,按照抽签方式分为参照组与试验组,各32例.参照组予以常规治疗并辅以甲硝唑治疗,试验组在参照组治疗基础上辅以米诺环素治疗,2组均予以4周治疗.比较2组临床疗效,治疗前后牙菌斑指数、...     

盐酸米诺环素软膏治疗种植体周围炎的疗效观察

目的探讨盐酸米诺环素软膏治疗种植体周围炎的临床疗效。方法将笔者所在医院收治的76例(82枚)种植体周围炎患者,随机分为治疗组和对照组,各38例。两组均给予龈下刮治与龈上洁治等常规治疗,在此基础上治疗组和对照组分别加用盐酸米诺环素软膏和2%碘甘油治疗,疗程为4周。结果治疗组和对照组的总有效率分别为93.0%和76.9%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组治疗后PLI、PD及SBI较治疗前均显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论盐酸米诺环素软膏治疗种植体周围炎疗效优于碘甘油,可明显减轻牙周病症,促进牙周组织修复。     

吸烟与呼吸系统疾病关系的研究进展

香烟烟雾含有许多有害物质,吸烟对机体的影响多种多样.本文就吸烟引起的呼吸系统形态、机能的变化、呼吸系统疾病及如何戒烟进行综述.     

The Association Between School Bonding and Smoking Amongst Chilean Adolescents

Background: The objective of the research was to study the association between school bonding dimensions (school commitment and school attachment) and current adolescent smoking in Chile, controlling for confounding variables using the fifth Chilean School Population National Substance Use Survey, 2003 (CHSS-2003) data set. Methods: The CHSS-2003 is a stratified cross-sectional survey that gathers information about personal, familial, peer, and school factors and cigarette use using a self-reported questionnaire. Complete data from 21,956 adolescent students for all the variables of interest were used in the analyses. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed in order to explore the construct validity of the questionnaire and create the main exposure and potential confounding variables. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were undertaken to study the association between school bonding and smoking. Results: The construct validity of the school attachment and school commitment scales was mainly supported by the EFA. Multivariable analyses showed strong evidence that, after adjusting for factors from different domains, school commitment (student's good grades and school attendance) appears to have a clear inverse association with current smoking (odds ratio [OR] = 0.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.38–0.56). On the other hand, school attachment (their feelings towards their school and their teachers) was not associated with adolescent smoking (OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 0.88–1.53). Conclusions: School commitment was strongly associated with current smoking. It is important to further study this variable with the aim of ascertaining whether or not interventions that improve school commitment may prevent or reduce smoking amongst adolescent students.     

The Relationship Between Tobacco Smoking,Cortisol Secretion,and Sleep Continuity

Background: Existing theories hold that chronic tobacco smoking leads to the development of adverse psychological symptoms, thus producing a compulsive urge to smoke in order to alleviate these sensations. Sleep disturbances are often considered among the negative consequences of chronic smoking. Objectives: The current study aimed at examining whether dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis may be involved in this disruption of sleep quality among smokers. Methods: Smokers and non-smokers provided saliva samples following awakening for assessment of cortisol concentrations as a measure of HPA activity. Subsequently the participants completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Brief Questionnaire on Smoking Urges, the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Next, their sleep was monitored objectively for one week using an actigraph. Results: While smokers' self-reported sleep quality was similar to that of non-smokers, their sleep recording data pointed to diminished sleep continuity (increased wake time after sleep onset; WASO), while total sleep time and sleep onset latency were similar to that of non-smokers. Cortisol secretion was higher among smokers. However, among smokers only, cortisol was negatively correlated with WASO, suggesting that the direct enhancing effect of smoking on WASO is somewhat balanced by an indirect process related to higher cortisol levels. Possible interpretations for this inconsistent mediation are discussed. Conclusions/Importance: Smoking is associated with reduced sleep continuity and the relationship between smoking and sleep continuity may involve the HPA axis.     

黏液脓性宫颈炎与解脲支原体感染的临床相关性研究

目的:研究探讨解脲支原体感染与黏液脓性宫颈炎之间的相关性。方法:选取黏液脓性宫颈炎患者95例作为研究组,95例健康女性作为对照组,对两组研究对象进行相关病原体检查,并进行回归分析。结果:研究组95例患者中共检出淋球菌阳性18例,解脲支原体阳性49例,沙眼衣原体阳性10例,明显高于对照组,经过回归分析,结果显示除淋球菌、沙眼支原体外,解脲支原体与黏液脓性宫颈炎具有明显相关性。结论:黏液脓性宫颈炎是女性常见的生殖道炎症,解脲支原体与黏液脓性宫颈炎具有明显相关性,可作为临床诊断的重要依据。     

Does Resilience Moderate the Relationship Between Stress and Smoking Status?

Background: There is a growing evidence that resilience to stress can promote nonsmoking. However, few studies have undertaken quantitative research to investigate whether resilience, generated by internal and external factors, moderates the impact of stress on the likelihood of smoking. Objective: This study aims to help fill this knowledge gap in relation to smokers and ex-smokers, and those people who have never smoked. Methods: A large online cross-sectional survey was administered in Australia (2015–2016) to collect data on demographic variables, levels of internal and external resilience, and stress from current and past smokers (n?=?400) and those who have never-smoked (n?=?921). Logistic regressions were employed to test our hypotheses. Results: Most participants were female (82%) and ranged between 18 and 77?years. Higher levels of reported perceived stress and stress-related variables did significantly predict smoking. The combined impact of internal and external resilience factors predicted never-smoking and lessened the relationship between perceived stress and stress-related variables, and the likelihood of smoking. Conclusion: These results are important because they suggest that the social environment should be developed to augment social support and internal properties such as developing “a strong sense of purpose in life” to encourage people not to commence smoking, rather than focus on smoking cessation.     

Demographic Moderators of the Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Cigarette Smoking

Background: Research suggests that there is a dose–response relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and cigarette smoking, such that as ACE score increases, so do the odds of smoking behavior, but little is known about what factors moderate this relationship. Objectives: The goal of this study was to examine demographic characteristics as potential moderators of relationship between ACE score and cigarette smoking. Methods: A secondary data analysis was conducted using the 2013 California Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data. The sample included 2,604?U.S. adults (54.8% female; Age: M?=?53.3, SD?=?8.10). We used multinomial logistic regression to test sex, race, income, and education as moderators of the relationship between ACE score and smoking. Results: ACEs were not significantly associated with smoking behavior. No interactions between ACE score and sex, race, education, or income significantly predicted smoking outcomes. Sex, race, education, and income were significantly and independently associated with smoking outcomes. Men, individuals with lower income and education, and certain ethnic/racial groups reported greater odds of smoking. Conclusions/Importance: Results suggest that there may not be a relationship between ACEs and smoking later in life. Additionally, the relationship between ACEs and smoking in adulthood may not depend on basic demographic features. Knowing which populations are more vulnerable to smoking can help clinicians better assess and tailor interventions to meet the needs of their patients by using culturally sensitive interventions and obtaining resources to help improve treatment access, motivation, and success.     

The Relationship Between Hostility,Smoking, and Alcohol Consumption in Mexican Americans

We examined the effect of hostility on smoking and alcohol consumption using data from a three-generation study of Mexican Americans. The irritability subscale of the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory was used as the measure of hostility. Moderate associations were found between alcohol consumption and irritability scores among middle- and younger-generation females, with generally weaker or nonsignificant associations found in males. Smoking was moderately associated with irritability in middle- and younger-generation females and in younger-generation males. Differences in results by generation and gender are discussed as well as implications for future research.     

盐酸米诺环素与碘合剂治疗种植体周围炎的临床疗效及安全性

目的探讨并比较局部使用盐酸米诺环素和10%碘合剂治疗种植体周围炎患者的临床疗效和安全性。方法将60例种植体周围炎患者随机分为对照组和观察组,每组30例,对照组患者给予10%碘合剂牙周留置,观察组给予盐酸米诺环素进行治疗,3周为1个疗程,统计患者在治疗前后菌斑指数(PLI)、探诊深度(PD)和龈沟出血指数(SBI)的变化情况。结果治疗1、3周后,两组患者的PLI、PD、SBI均明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗3周后变化最为明显,观察组、对照组的PLI分别为(1.46±0.31)、(1.62±0.35),PD分别为(2.76±0.35)mm、(3.12±0.41)mm,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。6周后各指标均有上升。对照组和观察组的不良反应发生率分别为3.3%、3.2%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论盐酸米诺环素治疗种植体周围炎的疗效优于10%碘合剂,安全性高,但应每隔3周进行重复治疗,有利于种植体周围炎的彻底治愈。     

Not Only When Feeling Down: The Relationship Between Mood Intensity and Smoking Behavior

Background: There is substantial empirical evidence that negative mood triggers smoking behavior, and less support for the similar effect of positive mood. However, the relationship between the intensity of mood and smoking remains relatively under-researched. Objectives: The present study explored the association between mood intensity and smoking behavior. Methods: Seventy-three ad libitum smokers recorded their mood and concurrent number of smoked cigarettes three times daily for one week using electronic diary application. Real time assessment in natural environment enabled greater reliability, validity and generalizability of the collected data. Results: We analyzed results using within-subjects approach and obtained significant growth trend in smoking behavior that concurred with the increase of mood intensity—smokers tended to increase their consumption of cigarettes when they were feeling either happy or sad in comparison to the situation when they were in neutral mood. Importance: These findings raise implications regarding the role of mood intensity in initiating smoking behavior.     

The Relationship Between Behavioral Dysregulation in Late Childhood and Cigarette Smoking at Age 16

SUMMARY

This study prospectively examined the extent to winch behavioral dysregulation in late childhood (10–12 years old) predicted daily cigarette smoking in mid-adolescence (age 16) in a sample of 208 subjects who had provided both baseline information at age 10–12 and follow-up information on daily smoking at age 16. Daily smoking at age 16 was predicted by behavioral dysregulation with 67% classification accuracy. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), an extreme variant of the construct of psychological dysregulation, predicted daily smoking at age 16 with 82% classification accuracy. SUD in the father independently predicted daily smoking in the child at age 16 (OR = 3.18; p = .01) but did not moderate the association between psychological dysregulation at age 10–12 and daily smoking at age 16. Current smoking in the father but not in the mother independently predicted daily smoking by the son at age 16. These results indicate that both individual (psychological dysregulation) and environmental factors (paternal SUD and current smoking) conjointly contribute to the emergence of daily smoking between childhood and adolescence.