茶多酚含片抗牙菌斑作用观察试食报告

有许多研究证实，一定浓度的茶多酚可以抑制或减少牙菌斑的数量及在牙面上的粘附。康齿王含片每片含茶多酚≥３６ｍｇ，经试验证实，康齿王含片对口腔致龋菌、变形链球菌、边远链球菌有抑菌作用和抗附着作用，０．５～１．０％康齿王有明显抑制变形链球菌转移酶活性作用。...     

甲壳胺影响变链菌酸性代谢产物的研究

目的 :探讨甲壳胺对变形链球菌酸性代谢产物的影响 ,特别是对乳酸的影响。方法 :利用实验室厌氧菌培养法 ,观察变形链球菌在有或无甲壳胺的培养液中代谢后 ,总酸量及乳酸量的变化情况。结果 :实验组 pH值高于对照组 (P <0 0 1) ,乳酸值低于对照组 (P <0 0 1)。实验组中含甲壳胺高浓度组作用强于低浓度组 (P <0 0 5 )。气相色谱分析可看出 ,实验组的挥发酸、非挥发酸峰面积小于对照组 ,乳酸亦然。结论 :甲壳胺能使变链菌代谢后的总酸量降低 ,包括挥发酸和非挥发酸 ,特别是乳酸。从而为临床上应用其这一特性 ,抑制菌斑内致龋菌产酸 ,以达到防龋的目的 ,提供了有力的实验依据。     

质子通透性与变形链球菌耐酸性关系的研究

变形链球菌 (以下简称变链菌 )是公认的龋病致病菌 ,其致龋性除与其对牙面的粘附能力和产酸性有关外 ,还与其耐酸性密切相关。对致龋菌而言 ,耐酸性 (ａｃｉｄｔｏｌｅｒａｎｃｅ/ａｃｉｄｕ ｒａｎｃｅ)是指细菌能在低 ｐＨ值环境中生长和代谢碳水化合物产酸的性能。致龋菌均能产酸 ,但并非所有能产酸的细菌均能致龋 ,因为随着菌斑ｐＨ值的降低 ,一些细菌失去产酸能力 ,在临界 ｐＨ值时 ,只有少数耐酸的细菌如变链菌和乳杆菌能生长[1] 。变链菌是菌斑中最耐酸的细菌之一 ,其各遗传种在ｐＨ值低至 4 .0时仍能代谢蔗糖产酸[2 ,3] ,而其它很多…     

茶多酚对口腔细菌致龋力影响的实验研究

目的：通过研究茶多酚对致龋菌生长，产酸及产胞外多糖的影响。探讨茶多酚是否能有效调节口腔菌群生态平衡，方法：测定茶多酚对三种主要致龋菌－变形链球菌，粘性放线菌和血链球菌的最低抑菌浓度（MIC），再测定低于MIC的4个浓度的茶多酚对三种细菌产酸及产生水溶性和水不溶性多糖能力的影响。结果：茶多配合酚对三种细菌的生长，产酸均有一定的抑制作用。茶多酚能够有效抑制变形链球菌产生水溶性葡聚糖，但对变形链球菌产生水溶性葡聚糖以及粘性放线菌和血链球菌合成胞外多糖无明显的抑制作用。结论：茶多酚能有效抑制变形;链球菌，粘性放射菌和血链球菌的生长，产酸及变形链球菌产生水不溶性葡聚糖。     

罗汉果浸出液对变链菌致龋作用的实验室研究

目的为探讨含蔗糖外甜味素的天然植物果———罗汉果对变形链球菌（简称变链菌）致龋作用的影响。方法用实验室比浊法观察罗汉果浸出液对变链菌的生长、玻棒粘附和产酸的影响，并设蔗糖、甜菊糖、果糖和葡萄糖实验组与其比较。结果显示变链菌在罗汉果试验液中的生长及酵解明显低于其它实验组，包括甜菊糖组（Ｐ＜００１）；变链菌对玻棒的粘附在罗汉果组中最低。结论罗汉果甜度高、粘度小，其抑制变链菌致龋作用优于甜菊糖，提示了它可能作为无致龋性甜味剂的应用前景。     

唾液抗体抑制变链粘附的体外研究

唾液抗体抑制变链粘附的体外研究广东省江门市口腔医院（５２９０００）潘志红华西医科大学口腔医学院罗宗莲，张静仪近年来，有关免疫防龋的研究正越来越引起中外学者的关注，许多研究都试图用人类主要致龋菌──变形链球菌（简称变链）作为抗原来免疫人或实验动物，以期...     

儿童猛性龋变链菌分离株的产酸性

目的：确定儿童猛性龋变链菌和远缘链球菌临床分离株的产酸性。方法：采用酸度计和自动气相色谱仪比较儿童猛性龋、非猛性龋、无龋变链菌（各6株）和远缘链球菌（儿童猛性龋6株,非猛性龋和无龋各3株）的临床株降低环境pH值的能力（ΔpH）和乳酸产量,并以此推测其致龋力。结果：远缘链球菌ΔpH及乳酸产量均高于变链菌,特别是在低pH水平下,二者差异更为显著（P＜0．05）。儿童猛性龋远缘链球菌分离株ΔpH和乳酸产量显著大于非猛性龋和无龋分离菌株（P＜0．05）。结论：远缘链球菌的产酸能力强于变链菌;儿童猛性龋远缘链球菌分离株较非猛性龋和无龋儿童分离菌株产酸性更强。     

变形链球菌粘附调节基因研究进展

变形链球菌是主要致龋菌之一。粘附是变链菌形成生物膜的初期阶段,也是必经阶段,是公认的细菌四大致龋条件(细菌的粘附、生物膜形成能力、菌细胞代谢碳水化合物能力及细菌对不断波动环境的适应能力)之一。分析与粘附相关的变链菌基因,将有助于我们从分子水平上探索变链菌在生物膜环境中的致龋机理,为从基因水平探索和丰富龋病病因学及龋病防治提供理论依据。     

对口腔链球菌及其葡萄糖基转移酶的特异性血清抗体水平变化的探讨

前言口腔链球菌已被认为是龋病的主要病原因素,特别是变形链球菌。免疫学的研究已经证明,抗变链的抗体可以①抑制变链的生长和产酸。②凝聚变链的细胞。③抑制变链葡糠基转移酶(GTF)的活性。④干扰菌体定居于牙面。因而,在龋病发病的三因素基础上,加入了人体的免疫调节因素,使其更为全面(图1)。在血清中和唾液中的对链球菌的抗体,均可能影响口腔链球菌致龋性。血清中的免疫球蛋白可以在牙龈受损伤时进入口腔,如牙齿萌出、拔牙和各种临床治疗,也可通过龈沟液进入口腔。同时,牙龈和口腔组织的损伤也可以是致龋性菌休抗原进入人     

玉洁纯、硫酸锌对口腔主要致龋菌生长产酸的影响

目的：评价玉洁纯、硫酸锌对口腔主要致龋菌的影响,确定抑制细菌所需的浓度。方法：使用紫外分光光度计及ｐＨ电极检测不同浓度的药物及两者相对配伍使用时对口腔主要致龋菌－变形链球菌和远缘链球菌的抑制效果。结果：玉洁纯、硫酸锌均能有效地抑制变链和远链的生产和产酸,硫酸锌不能增强玉洁纯的抑制效果。结论：初步认为玉洁纯可作为龋病预防用药,硫酸锌在配方中的作用有待进一步探讨。     

人工合成变形链球菌表面蛋白多肽体外抗粘附实验

目的 :观察一种人工合成变形链球菌表面蛋白多肽体外抗粘附作用。方法 :H3标记细菌羟磷灰石法观察多肽体外抗粘附作用。结果 :对于S .mutansIngbritt和S .sobrinus 6 715 ,1pmol%D 1μmol均有抑制作用 ,抑制作用随多肽浓度增加而增加。多肽浓度在 1μmol有较强抑制作用。 结论 :人工合成变形链球菌表面蛋白多肽具有体外抗粘附 ,降低变形链球菌的粘附于羟磷灰石的作用 ,并且该多肽无直接抑菌作用 ,有可能成为一种新的生物防龋制剂。     

幼儿猛性龋病原菌的分离鉴定

目的:确定幼儿猛性龋的优势病原菌,为其防治提供依据。方法:采用细菌分离培养、形态学、生理生化学和 DNAG+C mol%测定方法,对30名2~5岁猛性龋患儿牙菌斑菌丛进行分离鉴定,采样部位为上颌患龋乳切牙龋损部位及邻近健康釉质表面,对照组的非猛性龋和无龋儿童则采集上颌乳前牙唇面颈1/3处的菌斑。结果:猛性龋儿童龋损部位变链菌和远缘链球菌的检出率及两个采样部位菌斑标本中变链菌和远缘链球菌的检出水平均显著高于非猛性龋和无龋儿童(P<0105)。结论:变链菌和远缘链球菌为幼儿猛性龋的优势病原菌。关键词 幼儿猛性龋变链菌远缘链球菌。     

蜂胶抑制变形链球菌生长和粘附的体外研究

目的:研究蜂胶对变形链球菌生长和粘附的影响.方法:①抑菌实验;分别将水溶性蜂胶和醇溶性蜂胶提取物等比稀释,采用钢管琼脂扩散法对变形链球菌和远缘链球菌做抑菌实验,测定最小抑菌浓度.②粘附抑制实验:在含不同浓度水溶性和醇溶性蜂胶,洗必泰,乙醇的轻唾液体培养基中培养变形链球菌,8天后测定粘附于毛细管表面变形链球菌量,并进行比较.结果:对变形链球菌和远缘链球菌最小抑菌浓度分别是:水溶性蜂胶为0.031625%和0.25%;醇溶性蜂胶均为0.078%.蜂胶各组及洗必泰组均可显著抑制变形链球菌的粘附(P＜0.05),0.5%水溶性蜂胶组,醇溶性蜂胶组及洗必泰组抑制粘附作用更强,三组之间无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论:水溶性蜂胶和醇溶性蜂胶对变形链球菌生长和粘附都有显著的抑制作用.     

高效反相液相色谱测定致龋菌DNAG+Cmol%

目的 :鉴定变形链球菌和远缘链球菌临床分离株。方法 :采用苯酚氯仿混合法提取纯化 46株变链菌和远缘链球菌分离株的DNA ,采用高效反相液相色谱法测定细菌DNAG +Cmol%。结果 :30株变链菌和 16株远缘链球菌分离株的DNAG +Cmol%分别为 36 2 2～ 38 81和 44 5 7～ 45 77,两者差异大于 5 % ,并与国际参考菌株变链菌Ingbritt和远缘链球菌 6 715的G+Cmol%一致。结论 :DNAG +Cmol%测定可作为细菌分类学的重要指标。     

猛性龋儿童变链菌分离株耐酸性实验研究

目的 :确定猛性龋儿童变链菌和远缘链球菌临床株的耐酸性。方法 :采用紫外分光光度计比较猛性龋、非猛性龋、无龋儿童变链菌 (各 6株 )和远缘链球菌 (猛性龋儿童 6株 ,非猛性龋和无龋儿童各 3株 )临床株在体外不同初始 pH条件下的生长情况。 结果 :初始 pH 4.5～ 5 .5条件下 ,各组变链菌生长抑制程度均明显大于远缘链球菌(P <0 .0 5 )。初始pH 4.5条件下 ,猛性龋儿童远缘链球菌分离株耐酸性明显强于非猛性龋和无龋儿童分离菌株(P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :远缘链球菌的耐酸性强于变链菌 ;猛性龋儿童远缘链球菌分离株耐酸性强     

Effect of penicillin on Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguis and lactobacilli in hamsters and in man

Abstract – The effect of penicillin on the numbers of oral Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguis and lactobadlii in hamsters and in man was investigated. This is of interest as S. mutans and lactobacilli are involved in the carious process while S. sanguis is not. Hamsters infected with both S. mutans and S. sanguis or only S. sanguis received penicillin in their drinking water for 14 d. The treatment reduced the proportion of S. mutants and S. sanguis in dental plaque to undetectable levels. After the penicillin treatment the population of S. mutans and S. sanguis gradually increased. In man, the effect of oral penicillin therapy was examined in 21 adults with more than 2 × 10⁵ S. mutans per ml saliva. The penicillin treatment had almost no effect on the numbers of S. sanguis and lactobacilli, but a pronounced decrease in the number of S. mutans was observed. The duration of this effect, however, was short. Consequently, such treatment alone is of limited value for the control of the oral infection of these microorganisms.     

Effects of Weight Watchers' diet on salivary secretion rate, buffer effect and numbers of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli

The aim of this investigation was to study how a change to the dietary regimen of the Weight Watchers' (WW) affected salivary secretion rate, buffer effect and number of cariogenic bacteria. Thirty-three women joining the WW were saliva sampled at the evening prior the day of the start of the dietary regimen and after 4 and 8 wk on the dietary regimen. No significant changes were found regarding saliva secretion rate and buffer effect. A significant decrease of salivary numbers of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli occurred. Between the 4th and 8th wk of dietary regimen an increase of cariogenic bacteria occurred but not back to the baseline values. At baseline 15 of the WW carried Streptococcus sobrinus in addition to Streptococcus mutans . The total number of salivary mutans streptococci and lactobacilli was significantly higher in those subjects. In conclusion the dietary regimen of the WW, based on food choice and distributions of meals in agreement with a non-cariogenic diet, reduced the number of cariogenic bacteria in most subjects, but not in all, while the secretion rate and buffer effect remained the same.     

Uptake and expulsion of 14C-xylitol by xylitol-cultured Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 in vitro

Abstract— The effect of successive cultivations in the presence of 6% xylitol on the uptake and expulsion of ¹⁴C-xylitol was studied using the cells of Streptococcus mutans 25175. Three sequential cultivations did not alter the growth inhibition percentage (approximately 50%) observed in the presence of 6% xylitol. The ¹⁴C-xylitol uptake experiments performed with growing and resting cells showed that both the uptake and the expulsion of xylitol were enhanced by xylitol-culturing. Both xylitol-cultured and resting control cells contained only one major labeled compound which was identified as ¹⁴C-xylitol 5-phosphate. The label subsequently was expelled from the cells as ¹⁴C-xylitol. These results indicate that S. mutans possesses an intracelluiar xylitol cycle and this cycle is regulated by adding xylitol to the growth medium.     

Differentiation of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus via genotypic and phenotypic profiles from three different populations

Routine identification of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus is generally based upon growth on various selective media, colony morphology and biochemical characteristics. We examined various approaches of differentiating these two species through a combination of the conventional phenotypic methodology with chromosomal DNA fingerprint (CDF) and arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR) methods. Initially, ten ATCC type strains and 20 randomly selected clinical isolates of mutans streptococci (MS) were characterized and grouped into two major types based on patterns generated by the CDF using HaeIII digestion. The CDF's patterns with restriction fragments equal to or greater than 6.6 kb were defined as the CDF-1 group. The CDF's patterns with restriction fragments less than 6.6 kb were defined as the CDF-2 group. Both groups were then examined for biotype, serotype, and composition of DNA via thermal denaturation. AP-PCR was applied and evaluated for the capability of delineating S. mutans from S. sobrinus strains. Results of this study showed that all CDF-1 strains fit within a G+C range of 36.2% to 42.2%, whereas the CDF-2 strains had a G+C range of 45.8% to 47.0%. The serotyping assay exhibited 100% sensitivity, 90% specificity and 86.7% agreement with the CDF. The biotyping assay presented the poorest specificity (38.5%), indicating the highest variability. The capability of AP-PCR in differentiation of S. mutans from S. sobrinus was comparable to the CDF method, suggesting that either of these two approaches can and may serve as a viable alternative method to serotyping or biotyping of MS.     

猛性龋儿童变链菌分离株的蔗糖粘附能力

目的探讨猛性龋儿童变链茵和远缘链球菌临床分离株的蔗糖依赖性粘附能力.方法采用紫外分光光度计,检测猛性龋、非猛性龋、无龋儿童变链茵(各6株)和远缘链球菌(猛性龋儿童6株,非猛性龋和无龋儿童各3株)临床株在含蔗糖培养液中对玻壁的粘附情况.结果各组变链茵分离株之间及各组远缘链球菌分离株之间对玻壁的粘附比无显著差异;各组远缘链球菌菌株对玻壁的粘附能力显著大于各组变链菌菌株(P＜0.05).结论猛性龋儿童变链菌和远缘链球菌临床株蔗糖依赖性粘附能力与非猛性龋及无龋儿童分离菌株无差别;远缘链球菌蔗糖依赖性粘附能力强于变链茵.