胫骨Pilon骨折--钢板内固定与钢针外固定架的比较

对于胫骨Pilon骨折,内固定还是外固定架更有优势?本文综述的研究没有提供结论性的证据:二者的临床和功能结果相似,并发症发生率的差异不明确。有些证据表明外固定架比内固定的愈合时间长,畸形愈合和骨不连发生率更高,但由于外固定架多用于严重损伤的患者(高度闭合性骨折和开放性骨折),所以难以对这两组进行直接的比较。     

内外固定分期序贯与切开复位内固定治疗pilon骨折的疗效比较

目的:比较内外固定分期序贯与切开内固定治疗高能量损伤pilon骨折的疗效。方法:回顾性研究2015年1月至2017年7月本课题组收治的61例高能量pilon骨折患者资料。根据方法不同分为内外固定分期序贯治疗组（序贯组）和单纯切开复位内固定治疗组（内固定组）。序贯组26例,男19例,女7例;年龄18~65岁;骨折OTA分...     

Treatment of comminuted intraarticular distal femur fractures with limited internal and external tensioned wire fixation

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the treatment of C3 distal femur fractures with limited internal fixation and tensioned wire circular external fixation. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study, from June 1992 to July 1996. SETTING: Urban Level I trauma center. PATIENTS: Sixteen fractures in sixteen patients: nine male, seven female. Fractures: C3.1 one, C3.2 one, C3.3 fourteen. Twelve fractures were open: one GI, seven GII, two GIIIA, one GIIIB, and one GIIIC. INTERVENTION: Fractures were treated with limited open fixation of the condylar joint surface and tensioned wire circular external fixation of the metaphysis and shaft for axial alignment. Three fractures had acute autologous bone grafts. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: The patient's extremity function was evaluated by the authors by using the Sanders et al. Distal Femur Functional Evaluation. RESULTS: Sixteen of sixteen fractures healed. Two patients had delayed bone grafting for delayed union. Average frame time was twenty-five weeks. Average range of motion was 0 to 92 degrees. Five patients had less than 90 degrees of flexion. Five patients required a quadricepsplasty. Average follow-up was thirty-five months. One patient developed a pintract infection. One patient developed septic arthritis, and another developed osteomyelitis. The average Sanders et al. Function knee score was twenty-eight, with a maximum possible score of forty. CONCLUSIONS: C3 fractures of the distal femur are associated with severe soft tissue injuries and bone loss. Loss of function appears to be directly related to these factors. Treatment with limited internal fixation and tensioned wire external fixation has equivalent results to other methods but has a higher incidence of infection and complications. Joint motion is retarded by binding of the soft tissues with fixation wires and pins. The technique is recommended only for salvage of severely comminuted and open fractures of the distal femur with extensive soft tissue injury. Distal femur fractures with moderate comminution and soft tissue injury should be treated with alternate methods.     

外固定支架固定后胫骨骨折不愈合的治疗

目的探讨单侧多功能外固定支架治疗后胫骨骨折不愈合的原因及再次治疗方法.方法对19例患者均切开复位,利用原外固定支架固定,大块长条髂骨植骨,2枚螺钉固定植骨块于远近骨折端.结果 19例均骨性愈合.愈合时间为4～11个月,平均6个月.双下肢等长,关节活动良好.结论该方法除具有外固定支架的优点外,还有手术时间短、简单可靠、患者创伤小、费用低等优点.     

双克氏针髓内固定治疗锁骨骨折

2004-2006年,我们对21例锁骨中外1／3骨折患者采用双枚克氏针髓内固定,其中部分长斜骨折再加用钢丝环扎,疗效满意。     

经腓骨固定胫骨结合踝关节支架治疗Pilon骨折不愈合

[目的]介绍经腓骨固定胫骨结合踝关节支架治疗Pilon骨折不愈合的方法并初步探讨其疗效。[方法]1999-2004年共收治Pilon骨折不愈合者6例，男4例，女2例；年龄21-53岁，平均34．7岁。所有骨折均累及胫骨关节面并腓骨骨折，胫骨骨折不愈合，踝关节畸形。通过后外侧入路显露腓骨胫骨，复位满意后选用重建钢板置于腓骨外侧，螺钉通过腓骨钻入胫骨固定。小腿内侧选用踝关节外固定架固定。取自体髂骨植骨于骨断端和胫腓骨间区域以获得骨性愈合和下胫腓融合。[结果]随访8个月-4年，平均22个月。5例获得骨性愈合，平均愈合时间3．5个月。1例因过早去除踝关节支架且负重，出现钢板断裂再折。[结论]对于Pilon骨折不愈合，采用小腿后外侧入路经腓骨固定胫骨结合踝关节支架，是提高复位质量，促进骨折愈合，纠正关节畸形，防止并发症的有效方法，且相对更简便可靠。     

延期切开复位内固定治疗胫骨pilon骨折

目的探讨采用延期切开复位内固定术治疗腔骨pilon骨折的临床疗效。方法1997年9月～2001年5月．利用石膏、绷带、跟骨牵引(闭合性骨折)或外固定支架(开放性骨折)行骨折临时固定，待伤后7～15d，平均10.2d，局部软组织损伤恢复后再行切开复位内固定术治疗胫骨pilon骨折26例．男19例．女7例；年龄15～58岁．平均37．5岁；开放性骨折6例．闭合性骨折20例．其中18例合并腓骨骨折。根据Ruedi-Allgower骨折分型：Ⅰ型2例．Ⅱ型15例．Ⅲ型9例，从踝关节功能评分和影像学两方面进行疗效评价。结果全部病例均获得随访，随访时间2～5年，平均3．8年：骨折愈合时间8～29周，平均12.7周。按Teeny等踝关节功能评分：忧9例(34．6％)．良12例(46．2%)，可3例(11.5％)，差2例(7．7％)；优良率为80．8％。3例(11．5％)术后出现局部软组织并发症．包括2例切口感染和1例切口周缘皮肤坏死．均通过换药等局部处理后治愈。16例(61.5％)，患者的踝关节X线片上有不同程度的退行性改变．但退变程度与临床评分无明显相关性。结论采用延期切开复位内固定的方法治疗胫骨pilon骨折．能有效地减少局部并发症并获得较好的踝关节功能。     

Salvage of contaminated fractures of the distal humerus with thin wire external fixation

Fractures and osteotomies of the distal humerus that are contaminated or infected represent a difficult management problem. Stable anatomic fixation with plates and screws, the acknowledged key to a good result in the treatment of bicondylar fractures, may be unwise. A thin wire circular (Ilizarov) external fixator was used as salvage treatment in such complex situations in five patients. The fixator allowed functional mobilization of the elbow while allowing achievement of the primary goal of eradicating the infection or colonization. Two patients required a second operation for fixation of a fibrous union of the lateral condyle. One patient with a vascularized fibular graft later required triple plate fixation for malalignment at the distal host and graft junction. Four of five patients ultimately achieved complete union. The fracture remained ununited in one patient who has declined additional intervention. All five patients achieved at least 85 degrees ulnohumeral motion, two after a secondary elbow capsulectomy performed after healing was achieved. This experience suggested that the Ilizarov construct, although not a panacea, represents a reliable method of skeletal stabilization that allows functional mobilization while elimination of infection or colonization is ensured. If necessary, stiffness and incomplete healing can be addressed with an increased margin of safety at subsequent operations.     

钢板内固定加植骨治疗肱骨干骨折术后骨不愈合的疗效分析

目的评价钢板内固定结合自体松质骨植骨治疗肱骨干骨折术后骨不愈合的疗效。方法2002年2月～2004年12月对41例肱骨干骨折术后骨不愈合患者均采用钢板内固定结合自体松质骨植骨治疗。其中男32例,女9例;平均年龄37．5岁(17～67岁)。骨不愈合类型：肥大型16例,萎缩型25例。结果所有患者获平均22．6个月(8～42个月)随访。40例(97．6%)患_者骨折愈合,骨折愈合时间平均为5．8个月(3～12个月)。并发症：桡神经损伤3例,伤口感染1例,骨折不愈合1例。最终随访时,肩关节和肘关节功能恢复满意。结论对于肱骨干骨折术后骨不愈合的患者,采用钢板内固定加自体松质骨植骨治疗是有效的方法。     

Screw fixation without bone grafting for scaphoid fracture nonunion

IntroductionWe previously reported the classification of the scaphoid fracture nonunions as linear, cystic, and sclerotic or displaced types based on radiographic findings. We have been treating the linear and cystic type fractures via screw fixation without bone grafting and the sclerotic or displaced type fractures via screw fixation with bone grafting. In this retrospective study, we report the treatment outcomes of the linear and cystic types of scaphoid fracture nonunions.MethodsNineteen patients with linear and cystic type scaphoid fracture nonunions were included. Two patients had linear type and 17 had cystic type fractures. All the patients were male, their mean age was 29.2 years. All patients were treated with screw fixation alone by a single surgeon.ResultsBone union was achieved in 17 cases. The mean time to bone union was 3.7 months. Bone union was not achieved in one case of linear type and one case of cystic type fracture. The former was thought to be due to misdiagnosis of displaced type as linear type fracture; however, no obvious reason could be found for the latter.DiscussionScrew fixation alone could help achieve bone union in linear type scaphoid fracture nonunions. However, if the type of the fracture is difficult to diagnose based on plain radiography, evaluation using computed tomography should be performed. The cystic type fractures may need to be subclassified according to the location or size of the cyst as well as the viability of the proximal bone fragment.     

股骨粗隆间骨折DHS内固定术后骨折不愈合的危险因素

[目的]探讨股骨粗隆间骨折经DHS内固定术治疗后骨折不愈合的危险因素。[方法]回顾性分析2012年2月~2014年2月在本院接受DHS内固定术治疗的412例股骨粗隆间骨折患者。依据骨折愈合情况,分为骨折愈合组(388例)和骨折不愈合组(24例)。对影响骨折愈合的相关因素进行单因素及Logistic回归分析。[结果]412例患者均手术成功,随访1年,24例(5.83%)出现骨折不愈合。单因素及Logistic回归分析显示:年龄、螺钉深度、螺钉位置、矫正髋内翻、颈干角、骨折类型、Garden对线指数、合并骨质疏松是患者术后出现骨折不愈合的危险因素。[结论]年龄、手术操作情况、合并骨质疏松、骨折类型、Garden对线指数、颈干角是股骨粗隆间骨折DHS内固定术后骨折不愈合的危险因素。     

闭合复位经皮穿针内固定治疗Bennett骨折

目的：评价一种新型的经皮穿针内固定方法治疗Bennett骨折的疗效。方法：采用闭合复位经皮穿针内固定方法治疗Bennett骨折13例,其中男8例,女5例;年龄20-45岁（平均32岁）;受伤至手术间2-7d,平均4．3d。术后拇指“人”字石膏固定30～41d（平均35d）。以关节面复位情况、疼痛症状及功能评价术后疗效。结果：所有病例均获随访,时间4～9个月（平均6．4个月）,所有病例均达骨性愈合,关节面复位良好。仅有1例活动时有轻度疼痛。患者的握力有不同程度影响。结论：闭合复位经皮穿针内固定操作方法简单、固定确切、效价比高,特别适用于三角形骨块较小的Bennett骨折．     

长骨骨折术后骨不连的外科治疗

2000年4月～2008年5月,我科收治长骨骨折内固定术后不连34例,笔者对骨不连的原因、治疗方法及疗效进行探讨.