KTP激光联合典必殊眼膏治疗泪小(总)管阻塞的远期疗效观察

目的:评价KTP激光泪道疏通术联合典必殊眼膏填充治疗泪小(总)管阻塞的远期疗效。方法:分别对42例44眼泪小管阻塞和38例39眼泪总管阻塞患者施行KTP激光泪道疏通术联合典必殊眼膏填充,并在术后定期用庆大霉素、地塞米松和糜蛋白酶扩张冲洗泪道,随访24～30mo,观察患者的疗效。结果:44眼泪小管阻塞治愈40眼,有效4眼,治愈率91%;39眼泪总管阻塞治愈34眼,有效5眼,治愈率87%。结论:KTP激光泪道疏通术联合典必殊眼膏填充治疗泪小(总)管阻塞对组织损伤小、治愈率高,远期疗效肯定。     

泪道激光成形术联合眼膏注入治疗泪道阻塞的千例观察报告

目的 评价激光泪道成形术联合典必殊眼膏注入治疗泪道阻塞的效果.方法 采用国产KTP泪道激光治疗仪对1294例（1468眼）泪道阻塞进行汽化疏通术,联合泪道内注入典必殊眼膏,随访3月～3年.结果 治愈1012眼（68.94%）,好转178眼（12.13%）,无效278眼（18.94%）,总有效率为81.07%.结论 KTP激光联合典必殊眼膏治疗泪道阻塞,疗效肯定.     

典必殊眼膏在激光泪道成形术中的应用

目的 探讨典必殊眼膏在激光泪道成形术中的作用。方法 用国产YAG激光打通泪道阻塞处，往泪道注入典必殊眼膏。结果 300例（354只眼）只234只眼无泪溢症状，泪道冲洗通畅；86只眼溢泪状减轻；34只眼仍然溢泪。结论 激光湘道成形术联合泪道注入典必殊眼膏是治疗泪道阻塞的有效方法。     

典必殊眼膏在激光泪道成形術中的應用

目的 探讨典必殊眼膏在激光泪道成形术中的作用。方法 用国产YAG激光打通泪道阻塞虚,往泪道注入典必殊眼膏。结果 300例(354只眼)中234只眼无泪溢症状,泪道冲洗通畅;86只眼溢泪症状减轻;34只眼仍然溢泪。结论 激光泪道成形术联合泪道注入典必殊眼膏是治疗泪道阻塞的有效方法。     

KTP激光泪道成形术的临床疗效观察

目的：观察KTP激光治疗泪道阻塞的临床疗效。方法：采用KTP激光疏通泪道，术后应用丝裂霉素C和典必殊眼膏，随访3-18个月。结果：随访96例（109只眼），其中鼻泪管阻塞51只眼，治愈率90.2％；慢性泪囊炎35只眼，治愈率54.3％；泪总管阻塞12只眼，治愈率91.7％；泪小管阻塞5只眼，治愈率80.0％；义鼻泪管逆行植入术后阻塞3只眼，治愈率33.3％；外伤性泪道管阻塞3只眼，治愈率33.3％。结论：KTP激光治疗单纯性泪道阻塞简单、有效。     

Nd：YAG激光联合丝裂霉素及典必殊眼膏治疗泪道阻塞

目的观察Nd：YAG泪道激光机联合丝裂霉素（MCC）及典必殊眼膏治疗泪道阻塞的效果。方法将399例（418只眼）泪道阻塞患者随机分为3组,MCC＋典必殊眼膏组136只眼,采用常规激光泪道成形术后将0．2ml MMC注入泪道5min后,应用典必殊眼膏填充泪道;典必殊眼膏组152只眼,常规激光泪道成形术后典必殊眼膏填充泪道;对照组56只眼,术毕注入生理盐水。观察3组患者术后的疗效,并对其进行统计学处理。结果随访6个月,MCC＋典必殊眼膏组与典必殊跟膏组术后早期（术后1个月）有效率分别是97．1％和86．8％,二者比较无差异,无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,而远高于对照组生理盐水组有效率57．1％（P〈0．05）;后期疗效（术后3～6个月）,MCC＋典必殊眼膏组有效率为85．3％,典必殊眼膏组为65．8％,经统计学统计,P〈0.05,MCC＋典必殊眼膏组显著优于典必殊眼膏组。结论使用MCC＋典必殊眼膏可提高泪道阻塞的远期治愈率。     

KTP激光泪道疏通及置管术治疗复杂泪道阻塞

目的探讨KTP泪道激光疏通及置管术对严重泪道阻塞患者的疗效观察。方法KTP激光泪道疏通术中及术后发现泪道阻塞严重者36例(40眼)，采用KTP倍频激光进行泪道疏通后行泪道置管1周～1月，随访1-6月。结果术后40眼中，溢泪症状消除39眼。结论严重的泪道阻塞经KTP激光疏通及置管术后能很好地恢复排泪功能。     

泪道激光成形术远期疗效及影响因素的分析

目的探讨Nd：YAG激光联合药物灌注治疗泪道阻塞的临床疗效。方法采用电脑型Nd：YAG激光治疗机对泪道阻塞部位进行光凝、汽化，疏通后留置典必殊眼膏，术后根据病情冲洗泪道。结果342例（378眼）行泪道激光成形术。随诊2～9月，治愈342眼，治愈率为90．48％。结论激光治疗泪道阻塞疾病成功率高，无瘢痕，痛苦小。木后泪道留置药物，做好泪囊炎的术前冲洗，治疗慢性鼻炎，减少泪道内壁损伤，可提高手术成功率。     

Nd:YAG激光联合典必殊眼膏治疗泪道阻塞

目的：探讨Nd:YAG激光治疗泪道阻塞性疾病的效果。方法：用1％地卡因作结膜及润道表面麻醉，扩张泪点后将泪道治疗仪探针按常规泪道探通法插至泪道阻塞部位，引入导光纤维，将阻塞部位击穿，用生理盐水冲洗后将典必殊眼膏注入泪道。结果：本组病例共83例（106只眼），一次性治愈88只眼（83％），二次治愈14只眼，总有效率为96．2％。结论：Nd:YAG激光联合典必殊眼膏治疗泪道阻塞疾病操作简单，效果好，是此类疾病理想的手术方式。     

泪道疏通联合典必殊眼膏留置治疗泪道阻塞

目的:观察泪道探通、激光泪道成形术联合典必殊眼膏泪道注药留置治疗泪道阻塞的临床疗效.方法:接受泪道探通、激光泪道成形术的患者128例196眼,术中联合泪道注入典必殊眼膏,术后每5～7 d酌情再次或多次注药,回顾分析应用效果.结果:泪道探通联合注药154眼,有效119眼,有效率为77.3%;激光泪道成形联合注药42眼,有效34眼,有效率为81.0%;总有效率为78.1%.结论:典必殊眼膏泪道注药留置在泪道探通、激光泪道成形术联合应用具有较好疗效.     

Strabisme Alternant - Etude clinique - traitement

The author defines motor and sensory alternation: the term alternation should not be used in isolation, it should always be accompanied by the name of the parameter concerned. Sensory alternation is always found together with motor alternation but the reverse is not true.The examining criteria for a diagnosis of sensory alternation are given, sensory alternation must not be confused with alternating inhibition. Working from clinical observations of cases of motor alternating strabismus, the author selects 2 types of binocular sensory relations which allow one to differentiate between:- cases of primary alternating strabismus- cases of secondary alternating strabismusThese forms will develop in different ways; in both cases a cure is possible providing that the right treatment is prescribed and once prescribed carefully followed, etc. It is always a case of serious forms of strabismus whose developmental period is spread over several years.According to the authors, the frequency of cases of true primary strabismus is from 1–3%, the frequency of cases of secondary alternating strabismus varies according to the type of therapy practised on cases of monocular strabismus with amblyopia. These latter will become cases of alternating strabismus under the influence of certain types of therapy carried out over several years (penalization, rocking, alternated occlusion, etc...).Experimental data on kittens confirm clinical data; kittens placed in abnormal environments during the sensitive period will show modification in the distribution of cortical cells and the absence of binocular cells (either because the excitation of the two eyes was not simultaneous, or not identical: artificial strabismus, occlusion, opaque glasses). This disturbances become irreversible after a certain period of exposure (a function of age, length of exposure, etc...).It is thus necessary to bear in mind: 1) the iatrogenic risks of certain orthoptic treatments, 2) the necessity for a binocular form of treatment as soon as possible, as once a certain stage is passed, cortical plasticity diminishes and the elaboration of normal binocular relations becomes impossible.

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Effects of Adenosine Agonists on Intraocular Pressure and Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Cynomolgus Monkeys

The effects of single or multiple topical doses of the relatively selective A₁adenosine receptor agonists (R)-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA) and N⁶-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) on intraocular pressure (IOP), aqueous humor flow (AHF) and outflow facility were investigated in ocular normotensive cynomolgus monkeys. IOP and AHF were determined, under ketamine anesthesia, by Goldmann applanation tonometry and fluorophotometry, respectively. Total outflow facility was determined by anterior chamber perfusion under pentobarbital anesthesia. A single unilateral topical application of R-PIA (20–250 μg) or CHA (20–500 μg) produced ocular hypertension (maximum rise=4.9 or 3.5 mmHg) within 30 min, followed by ocular hypotension (maximum fall=2.1 or 3.6 mmHg) from 2–6 hr. The relatively selective adenosine A₂antagonist 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX, 320 μg) inhibited the early hypertension, without influencing the hypotension. Neither 100 μg R-PIA nor 500 μg CHA clearly altered AHF. Total outflow facility was increased by 71% 3 hr after 100 μg R-PIA. In conclusion, the early ocular hypertension produced by topical adenosine agonists in cynomolgus monkeys is associated with the activation of adenosine A₂receptors, while the subsequent hypotension appears to be mediated by adenosine A₁receptors and results primarily from increased outflow facility.