冠心病患者CK-MB、LDH、cTnI水平与冠脉病变Gensini评分的相关性分析

目的探讨冠心病患者CK-MB、LDH、cTnI水平与冠脉病变Gensini评分的相关性。方法回顾性分析2019年1月～2019年12月我院收治的69例冠心病患者的临床资料,视其冠脉病变程度的不同分为轻度组(23例)、中度组(26例)和重度组(20例)。采用免疫标记法对三组患者肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌钙蛋白(cTnI)水平进行检测,并采用冠脉病变Gensini评分对三组患者病变程度进行评估,分析CK-MB、LDH、cTnl水平与冠脉病变Gensini评分的相关性。结果重度组患者CK-MB、LDH、cTnI水平、Gensini评分均显著高于中度组及轻度组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);经Pearson相关性分析发现,CK-MB、LDH、cTnI水平与冠脉病变Gensini评分均呈正相关性(r=0.608、0.846、0.396,P=0.000、0.000、0.004)。结论冠心病患者CK-MB、LDH、cTnI水平与冠脉病变Gensini评分呈正相关,通过监测上述指标可在一定程度上明确患者冠脉病变程度。     

血清胆红素水平、单核细胞数、红细胞分布宽度与 冠状动脉病变程度的关系

目的 探讨血清总胆红素、直接胆红素、间接胆红素、单核细胞数、红细胞分布宽度与冠状动脉病变程度的关系。方法 选取2016年3月~2017年1月新乡医学院第一附属医院收治的247例拟诊冠心病(CHD)患者,检测外周血TBi L、DBi L、IBi L、Mon、RDW水平,依据冠状动脉造影结果采用Gensini积分法对拟诊冠心病患者进行分组,比较不同冠状动脉病变程度患者之间TBi L、DBi L、IBi L、Mon、RDW水平的差异。结果 冠状动脉病变组患者TBi L、DBi L、IBi L低于正常组,统计学意义显著（P＜0.01）,Mon、RDW高于正常组,统计学意义显著（P＜0.01）。冠状动脉病变组中,与冠状动脉轻度、中度病变患者相比,冠状动脉重度病变患者,血清TBi L、DBi L、IBi L水平最低,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,Mon、RDW水平最高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,但中度病变组患者Mon、RDW与轻度病变组比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 血清胆红素、单核细胞数、RDW可作为CHD的危险因素,对预测CHD的发生及评估冠状动脉病变程度有重要参考价值。     

老年冠心病患者血清VEGF、NT-proBNP、cTnT与冠状动脉病变程度的相关性

目的 探讨老年冠心病(coronary atherosclerotic heart disease,CHD)患者血清血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)、氨基端脑肽前体(N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide,NT-proBNP)、肌钙蛋白T(cardial troponin T,cTnT)与冠状动脉病变程度的相关性.方法 选取2015年8月~2016年8月南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院收治的113例老年CHD患者为观察组,同期选取64例体检健康老年人为本研究对照组,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(Enzymes linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测所有受试者血清VEGF、NT-proBNP、cTnT水平,分析三者与老年CHD患者冠状动脉病变程度的相关性.结果 观察组血清VEGF、NT-proBNP、cTnT水平均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);冠状动脉3支血管病变组血清VEGF、NT-proBNP、cTnT水平均明显高于2支及1支血管病变组(P<0.05),2支血管病变组血清VEGF、NT-proBNP、cTnT水平均明显高于1支血管病变组(P<0.05);Gensini积分≥30分组血清VEGF、NT-proBNP、cTnT水平均明显高于Gensini积分<30分组(P<0.05);相关性分析结果可见,血清VEGF、NT-proBNP、cTnT水平与Gensini积分呈显著正相关(r=0.772,0.593,0.634,P<0.05).结论 老年CHD患者血清VEGF、NT-proBNP、cTnT与冠状动脉病变程度相关,且随着冠状动脉病变程度增加呈现明显升高趋势.     

SUA、PWV和ABI与冠心病的关系

目的 探讨血尿酸(SUA)、脉搏波传导速度(PWV)和踝臂指数(ABI)与冠心病的关系.方法 选择180例疑似冠心病患者,根据冠状动脉造影结果分为冠心病组(126例)和非冠心病组(54例),冠心病组又分为单支病变组42例、双支病变组48例、多支病变组36例,采用全自动生化分析仪测定SUA,动脉硬化检测仪检测PWV、ABI.结果 冠心病组的SUA、PWV高于非冠心病组(P<0.05),ABI低于非冠心病组(P<0.05);多支病变组的SUA高于单支及双支病变组(P<0.05),双支、多支病变组的PWV高于单支病变组(P<0.05),多支病变组的ABI低于单支、双支病变组(P<0.01).结论 SUA、PWV、ABI与冠心病及其病变程度相关,三者联合可能有利于准确的评估冠心病及其危险程度,从而更有效地防治冠心病的发生发展.     

SUA、PWV和ABI与冠心病的关系

目的探讨血尿酸（SUA）、脉搏波传导速度（PWV）和踝臂指数（ABI）与冠心病的关系。方法选择180例疑似冠心病患者,根据冠状动脉造影结果分为冠心病组（126例）和非冠心病组（54例）,冠心病组又分为单支病变组42例、双支病变组48例、多支病变组36例,采用全自动生化分析仪测定SUA,动脉硬化检测仪检测PWV、ABI。结果冠心病组的SUA、PWV高于非冠心病组（P〈0.05）,ABI低于非冠心病组（P〈0.05）;多支病变组的SUA高于单支及双支病变组（P〈0.05）,双支、多支病变组的PWV高于单支病变组（P〈0.05）,多支病变组的ABI低于单支、双支病变组（P〈0.01）。结论 SUA、PWV、ABI与冠心病及其病变程度相关,三者联合可能有利于准确的评估冠心病及其危险程度,从而更有效地防治冠心病的发生发展。     

冠心病患者血清PAPP-A、PC、hs-CRP水平与冠脉病变程度及预后的相关性研究

目的探讨冠心病(CHD)患者血清妊娠相关血浆蛋白A(PAPP-A)、血浆蛋白C(PC)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平变化及其与冠脉病变程度、预后的关系。方法研究对象源于2017年10月至2018年10月本院收治的186例CHD患者(纳为疾病组)和同期健康体检志愿者85名(纳为对照组),比较两组血清PAPP-A、PC、hs-CRP水平,冠脉造影评估CHD患者冠脉病变程度,随访疾病组预后,分析不同冠脉病变、不同预后CHD患者血清PAPP-A、PC、hs-CRP水平变化,并进行相关性分析。结果与健康组比较,疾病组血清PAPP-A、hs-CRP水平明显升高,PC水平明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);随着冠脉病变程度加重,CHD患者血清PAPP-A、hs-CRP水平依次明显升高,PC水平依次明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);随访发现共42例发生MACE事件(22.58%),发生MACE事件的CHD患者血清PAPP-A、hs-CRP水平较未发生者明显升高,而PC水平明显低于未发生者,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pearson相关分析发现,CHD冠脉病变程度、预后与血清PAPP-A、hs-CRP呈明显正相关(r=0.546、0.607,P<0.05),与PC水平呈明显负相关(r=-0.512,P<0.05)。结论CHD患者血清PAPP-A、hs-CRP水平明显升高而PC明显降低,三者与CHD病情程度及预后密切相关,或可作为CHD危险分层和预后评估的有效指标。     

冠心病患者血清胱抑素C、一氧化氮、超氧化物歧化酶及超敏C反应蛋白水平变化及与冠脉狭窄程度的相关性

目的:分析血清胱抑素C(CysC)、一氧化氮(NO)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平与冠状动脉狭窄程度的关系及其临床意义。方法:162例心血管病患者依据冠脉造影结果分为对照组(冠脉狭窄50%,n=40);单支病变组(一支冠脉狭窄≥50%,n=44);双支病变组(两支冠脉狭窄≥50%,n=43);多支病变组(两支以上冠脉狭窄≥50%,n=35)。对四组患者进行冠脉狭窄Gensini积分及血清CysC、NO、SOD及hs-CRP水平检测,分析冠心病患者各指标变化及其与Gensini积分的相关性。结果:单支病变组、双支病变组、多支病变组的CysC和hs-CRP水平均高于对照组(P0.05),并依次递增;单支病变组、双支病变组、多支病变组的NO及SOD水平均低于对照组(P0.05),并依次递减。冠心病患者Gensini积分与血清CysC和hs-CRP水平呈正相关,相关系数分别为0.473,0.429(P0.05);与NO和SOD水平呈负相关,相关系数分别为-0.356,-0.384(P0.05)。结论:冠心病患者冠脉狭窄程度的增加与CysC、hs-CRP水平升高及NO、SOD水平降低有明显相关性。     

miR-196a、SCC、CEA在不同级别宫颈病变中的意义

目的 探究血清微小RNA-196a(miR-196a)及鳞状细胞癌抗原(SCC)、癌胚抗原(CEA)在不同级别宫颈病变患者外周血中表达与临床意义.方法 选取我院就诊的149例宫颈病变患者(观察组)为研究对象,根据组织学活检诊断分为宫颈上皮内瘤样病变(CIN组)及宫颈癌(宫颈癌组)两组,比较血清miR-196a、SCC、CEA水平差异,应用受试者工作曲线(ROC曲线)评价上述指标单独检测及联合检测对宫颈病变患者中宫颈癌的临床诊断价值.收集其临床资料及血液样本,根据非典型增生的程度将CIN组患者分为CINⅠ、CINⅡ、CINⅢ3组亚组,比较不同级别CIN患者血清miR-196a、SCC、CEA水平,采用Spearman相关分析CIN患者血清miR-196a、SCC、CEA水平与非典型增生的程度(CIN分级)的关系.结果 宫颈癌组血清miR-196a、SCC、CEA水平明显高于CIN组(P<0.05);ROC曲线显示,miR-196a指标AUC 0.880(P<0.05),SCC指标AUC 0.863(P<0.05),CEA指标AUC 0.918(P<0.05),联合检测AUC 0.973(P<0.05);单独检测及联合检测血清miR-196a、SCC、CEA水平均可作为宫颈病变患者宫颈癌的诊断效能指标(P均<0.05);不同级别CIN患者血清miR-196a、SCC、CEA水平组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);经Spearman相关分析,CIN患者血清miR-196a、SCC、CEA水平与非典型增生的程度(CIN分级)均呈正相关(P均<0.05).结论 血清miR-196a、SCC、CEA水平在宫颈病变患者中高度表达,并与非典型增生的程度(CIN分级)呈显著正相关,尽早检测对CIN及宫颈癌治疗提供理论依据.     

冠心病患者D-二聚体与冠状动脉病变程度的关系

目的探讨D-二聚体与冠状动脉病变程度的关系。方法根据冠脉造影结果将85例患者分为单支病变、双支病变、三支病变组，正常对照组。分析各组之间冠脉病变程度与相应的D-二聚体水平的关系。结果冠心病患者D-二聚体水平高于正常组（P〈0．01），冠心病患者血浆中D-二聚体含量越高，冠脉病变狭窄程度越严重。结论D-二聚体与冠状动脉病变程度密切相关，D-二聚体含量的检测对冠心病患者冠脉病变程度评价和指导治疗具有一定的临床价值。     

糖尿病肾病患者血清Cys C、NGAL、ACR水平与血管病变的相关性

目的 研究糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy,DN)患者血清胱抑素C(cystatin C,Cys C)、中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白(neutrophil gelatase-associated lipid carrier proteins,NGAL)、尿微量白蛋白/肌酐比值(albumin/creatinine ratio,ACR)水平与血管病变的相关性.方法 选择本院2019年5月至2020年10月诊治的110例DN患者作为研究对象,进行回顾性分析,均检测患者Cys C、NGAL、ACR水平.另选择同期本院收治的59例单纯糖尿病患者作为对照组,另根据DN患者是否发生大血管病变设为A组(单纯DN,41例)和B组(DN合并大血管病变,69例),比较三组患者血清Cys C、NGAL、ACR水平,并分析上述血清指标与血管病变的相关性.结果 B组患者血清Cys C、NGAL、ACR水平均显著高于对照组和A组(P<0.05);两组患者糖尿病病程、糖化血红蛋白和低密度脂蛋白水平比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但年龄、性别等其他临床资料比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);Logistic多元回归分析发现Cys C、NGAL、ACR水平、糖尿病病程、糖化血红蛋白均是影响DN患者大血管病变发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05);动脉狭窄组患者血清Cys C、NGAL、ACR水平显著高于动脉内膜正常组和内膜增厚组(P<0.05);血清Cys C、NGAL、ACR水平与血管病变程度呈正相关(P<0.05).结论 DN患者存在血清Cys C、NGAL、ACR水平异常升高,是大血管病变发生的独立危险因素,且其水平与血管病变程度密切相关,可能作为临床诊断或预测DN患者血管病变发生的临床辅助指标.     

Correlation between human papillomavirus infection and histopathological diagnosis of women in Northeast Brazil

Cervical carcinoma is the fourth leading cause of death among women worldwide. Epidemiological studies claim that human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a necessary condition for cervical cancer development. Knowledge of the geographic distribution of HPV is important in guiding the introduction of prophylactic vaccines. This study analyzed the prevalence of HPV infection in cervical samples obtained from women with abnormal cervical histopathological diagnosis in Northeast Brazil. The study included an analysis of 211 women whose diagnosis was confirmed for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia type 1 (CIN-1), cervical intraepithelial neoplasia type 2 (CIN-2), cervical intraepithelial neoplasia type 3 (CIN-3), and cancer. The identification of the HPV genotypes was based on the polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. A total of 42.7% of the samples showed a single HPV infection, while 57.3% showed multiple infections. The most common genotypes detected were HPV-16, HPV-18, and HPV-31. HPV-16, HPV-31, HPV-35, and HPV-18 were the most common types in CIN-1 with a single infection. HPV-16 and HPV-18 were the most often found in CIN-2 with a single infection. HPV-16, HPV-18, and HPV-31 were the most detected in CIN-3 with a single infection. HPV-16 and HPV-31 were the most frequent in cancer with a single infection. Multiple infection with HPV-16 shows a 2.7 times greater risk of CIN-3 (P = .04). Multiple infections for HPV with HPV-16 and excluding the HPV18/31 types, were associated with CIN-3 (P = .01). The results allowed the detection and genotyping of HPV types circulating in the population studied. These findings must be taken into account when devising vaccination strategies against HPV.     

Human papillomavirus genotypes and their association with cervical neoplasia in a cohort of Western Australian women

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is known to be the cause of almost all cervical cancers. The genotypes have been classified into high and low risk types according to their oncogenic potential. However, data for many of the genotypes are limited and some (HPV-26, 53, and 66) have no agreed status. A study was undertaken to determine the HPV genotype distribution in women of Western Australia and the association with cervical neoplasia. Liquid based cervical samples from a cohort of 282 Western Australian women were tested for HPV DNA by PCR followed by DNA sequencing to determine HPV genotypes. HPV-53 and HPV-16 were the most common genotypes found in this population. In addition 86 archived liquid based cervical samples from women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades 1-3 (CIN 1-3) were tested for HPV DNA. Also 32 archived paraffin biopsy samples from women with squamous cell carcinoma were also tested. HPV-16 was the most common genotype found in these samples. Of the cohort of Western Australian women tested, 27% were found to contain HPV and approximately half of these contained known high-risk HPV genotypes, but only 30% of these were types 16 or 18. The data from this study indicate that HPV-53 is not oncogenic based on an R value and odds ratio (OR) of zero. The data also suggest that HPV-73 may be oncogenic, while HPV-66 is unlikely to be. Two high-risk HPV genotypes that are associated with the Asian region (HPV-52 and HPV-58) were found in Western Australian women suggesting a possible epidemiological link between women in these countries.     

Genital human papillomavirus genotypes in northwestern Tanzania

Using MY09-MY11 PCR and human papillomavirus (HPV) typing by reverse blot hybridization, we found a 34% cervical HPV prevalence among 561 pregnant women in Tanzania. One hundred three of 123 women (84%) with typeable samples harbored high-risk oncogenic strains. HPV type 16 (HPV-16) was the most prevalent subtype (18%) among HPV-infected women and among women with cervical neoplasia (3 of 19). A multivalent vaccine for HPV-16, -18, -31, -33, and -35 would be necessary to prevent 50% of the neoplasia in this population.     

Genital human papillomavirus genotyping by HPV oligonucleotide microarray in Korean commercial sex workers

Because of the diversity in human papillomavirus (HPV) distribution, according to the population and region, detailed investigations of HPV genotypes are important in designing more effective HPV vaccines for any given country. HPV DNA oligonucleotide microarray was used to investigate the distribution of HPV genotypes among commercial sex workers. The prevalence of HPV in Korean commercial sex workers was 47%, with HPV-16 and HPV-51 as the dominant genotypes. HPV subtypes in 148 commercial sex workers comprised 70 with one genotype, 42 with two genotypes, 17 with three genotypes, and 19 with four or more genotypes. HPV-40, the most dominant low-risk genotype, was not detected in single-infection commercial sex workers. All women with multiple infections of low-risk genotypes had the HPV-40 genotype. This molecular epidemiological study of genital HPV will be useful for the development of a favorable strategy to prevent the spread of this potentially serious infection.     

Types of Human Papillomavirus Observed in Hospital-Based Population

Background and Objectives: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the causative agent of cervical cancer, a major cause of cancer mortality in Indian women. The current study was undertaken to add information to the existing data on HPV type distribution in Indians, in an attempt to document HPV types for future vaccination programme, if any. Materials and Methods: HPV infection was screened in 223 cervical cancer cases and 2408 healthy women without cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (control). HPV was typed using polymerase chain reaction, Southern hybridisation using specific probes and HPV GenoArray (Hybribio) test. Results: HPV DNA was found in 92.8% of cases and 7.3% of controls. Of the 383 HPV-infected women, 30.0% had single infection; 50.9% had multiple infections (two or more types) and 19.1% were infected with HPV types other than HPV-16, -18, -6 and -11. Besides HPV-16, HPV-51 and HPV-33 were also seen as single infection in cases. In cases, HPV-18 or its homologous HPV-45 was always present as co-infection with HPV-16 or with other high-risk type. Binary logistic regression (backward) analysis highlighted significant association of age, parity and socioeconomic status with HPV infection. The present study highlighted the presence of multiple HPV infection (186 of 207, 89.9%) along with HPV-16 in women with cervical cancer. In control, 27.3% were co-infected with other sexually transmitted infections, while Chlamydia trachomatis infection was seen in 13% of cases. Conclusions: The study highlighted the type of HPV infection seen among the hospital-based population. For better screening, HPV tests available in the market should include all the types seen in the population.     

Cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and HPV type 16 antibodies in South African women

There is a high incidence of cervical cancer in South African women. No large studies to assess human papillomavirus virus (HPV) infection or HPV type 16 (HPV-16) exposure have occurred in the region, a requirement for policy making with regards to HPV screening and the introduction of vaccines. Control women (n = 1,003) enrolled in a case control study of hormonal contraceptives and cervical cancer were tested for 27 cervical HPV types by reverse line blot analysis. The seroprevalence of HPV-16 immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA antibodies was assessed by a virus-like particle-based enzyme-linked immunoassay of 908 and 904 control women, respectively, and of 474 women with cervical cancer. The cervical HPV prevalence was 26.1%. The HPV-16 IgG seroprevalence was 44.4% and the HPV-16 IgA seroprevalence was 28.7% in control women, and these levels were significantly higher (61.8% and 52.7%, respectively) for women with cervical cancer (odds ratio [OR], 2.1 and 2.8, respectively). The cervical HPV prevalence showed an association with cervical disease, and the HPV-16 IgG prevalence decreased while the HPV-16 IgA prevalence increased with increasing age (P < 0.05). The prevalence of oncogenic HPV types (including HPV-16) decreased with age, whereas nononcogenic HPV types showed limited association with age. Multivariate analysis revealed cervical HPV infection to be associated with herpes simplex virus type 2 infection (OR, 1.7) and increasing years of education (OR, 1.9). HPV-16 IgG antibodies were inversely associated with current smoking status (OR, 0.6), and the presence of HPV-16 IgA antibodies was inversely associated with the use of alcohol (OR, 2.1) and inversely associated with the use of oral contraceptives (OR, 0.6). High levels of exposure to HPV, and particularly HPV-16, were evident in this population. The apparent increase of serum HPV-16 IgA with increasing age requires further investigation.     

Detection of antibodies against human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 virions by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using recombinant HPV 16 L1 capsids produced by recombinant baculovirus.

The L1 major capsid protein of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) was expressed in Sf-21 insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus. Virus-like particles obtained were purified and used to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of anti-HPV-16 antibodies in sera from 76 women with evidence of genital HPV infection and 79 controls. HPV-16-infected individuals developed antibodies directed at HPV-16 virions since reactivity against recombinant HPV-16L1 capsids was observed in 50% of them compared with only 6% in the general adult population. However, some cross-reactivities with sera from women infected with others HPV types were observed.     

Detection of human papillomavirus genotypes with liquid bead microarray in cervical lesions of northern Chinese patients

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main cause of cervical cancer. Blending multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and multiplex hybridization to liquid bead microarray (LBMA), we detected and identified 25 common HPV genotypes using type-specific primers for HPV E6 and E7 genes in cervical lesions of northern Chinese patients. Of the 511 cervical samples, 349 (68.3%) were found to be HPV positive by HPV-LBMA. The distribution was 22 HPV positive of 100 in the control group (22%), 41 of 80 with chronic cervicitis (51%), 80 of 99 with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I (81%), 46 of 56 with CIN II (82%), 67 of 74 with CIN III (90%), and 93 of 102 with invasive cervical carcinoma (91%). HPV-16 was the most frequent genotype in the CIN and cervical cancer groups. The most common genotypes were HPV-16 (28%), HPV-58 (14%), HPV-52 (14%), HPV-18 (8%), and HPV-33 (7%) in the CIN group, and HPV-16 (63%), HPV-52 (9%), HPV-18 (7%), HPV-58 (7%), and HPV-33 (5%) in the cervical cancer group. HPV-LBMA found multiple genotypes in 1 of 22 control (4%), 64 of 193 CIN (33%), and 22 of 93 cervical cancer (24%). The HPV-LBMA results were compatible with those of PCR and DNA sequencing. HPV-LBMA is a simple, high-throughput method that provides useful information on viral genotype and multiple HPV infections in cervical lesions. In northern China, the most common high-risk HPV genotypes seem to be HPV types 16, 58, 52, 18, and 33. Genetic information on HPV in cervical specimens could provide particular benefits in the management of cervical lesions.     

Epidemiology and risk factors for human papillomavirus infection in a diverse sample of low-income young women

BackgroundTwo HPV vaccines prevent infection with HPV-16 and HPV-18, high-risk (cancer-associated) HPV types which together cause approximately 70% of cervical cancers; one vaccine also prevents HPV-6 and HPV-11, which together cause approximately 90% of anogenital warts. Defining type-specific HPV epidemiology in sexually experienced women will help estimate the potential clinical benefits of vaccinating this population.ObjectivesTo examine HPV epidemiology in a diverse sample of sexually experienced women, and to determine factors associated with high-risk HPV and vaccine-type HPV (HPV-6, HPV-11, HPV-16 and HPV-18).Study designCross-sectional study of 13–26-year-old women (N = 409) who completed a questionnaire and provided a cervicovaginal swab. Swabs were genotyped for HPV using PCR amplification. Logistic regression models were used to determine whether participant characteristics, knowledge, and behaviors were associated with high-risk and vaccine-type HPV.ResultsMost women (68.4%) were positive for ≥1 HPV type, 59.5% were positive for ≥1 high-risk type, 33.1% were positive for ≥1 vaccine-type HPV, and 3.5% were positive for both HPV-16 and HPV-18: none was positive for all four vaccine types. In adjusted logistic regression models, Black race (OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.21–3.41) and lifetime number of male sexual partners (OR 4.79, 95% CI 2.04–11.23 for ≥10 partner vs. ≤1 partner) were independently associated with high-risk HPV infection.ConclusionsHPV prevalence was very high in this sample of sexually active young women, but <5% were positive for both HPV-16 and HPV-18, suggesting that vaccination could be beneficial for many individual women who are sexually experienced.     

Human papillomavirus DNA detection and typing in male urine samples from a high-risk population from Argentina

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the first void urine (FVU) as a non-invasive sampling method for HPV detection and genotyping in a high-risk population. Men presenting with HPV associated penile lesions or HPV positive partners attending a urological department in La Plata, Argentina were enrolled for HPV detection and genotyping. DNA from 185 first-void urine samples was evaluated for the presence of HPV by nested polymerase chain reaction using MY09/11 and GP05/06 primers. The viral genotype was analyzed by means of the single-stranded conformation polymorphisms (SSCP) method. Seventy-three percent (135/185) of the FVU specimens were positive for HPV-DNA. The viral prevalence in patients with HPV-DNA positive partners was 68.8% (77/112), and 79.5% (58/73) of patients with penile lesions were found to be HPV positive. The most frequent viral type was HPV-11 (26.7%), followed by HPV-6 (23%), HPV-16 (21.5%), HPV-18 (6%), and HPV-31 (4.4%). In this study, 11.1% (15/135) of the HPV positive specimens were double infections. These results indicate that high-risk HPVs can be found in clinical lesions in a high percentage (43.8%), as simple or double infections. In this sense, the male population represents an important reservoir for the virus and may play a role in the transmission and perpetuation of the infection in the general population. The method described below provides a tool for detection and typing of HPV-DNA using samples obtained by non-invasive techniques and thus easy to obtain.