钬激光治疗早期声门型喉癌体会

目的探讨钬激光治疗早期声门型喉癌的安全性、可行性及治疗效果。方法回顾性分析显微支撑喉镜下钬激光手术治疗的16例早期声门型喉癌患者的临床资料并对其术后并发症、局部复发情况进行随访。结果 16例患者钬激光术后局部复发3例,通过再次手术或钬激光治疗达到局部控制,1例患者颈部淋巴结转移拒绝手术行放射治疗,局部未控并出现肺转移,后失访。结论钬激光治疗早期声门型喉癌安全,损伤少,但是也存在一定的缺点。对于T2及累及前联合病变存在一定风险及局限性,需要配合术中取切缘行快速切片病理检查,及操作者对钬激光切割深度的掌握来减少肿瘤局部复发,术后应严密随访。     

CO2激光治疗喉癌前病变及早期声门型喉癌的疗效分析

目的 探讨CO2激光治疗喉癌前病变及早期声门型喉癌的临床效果.方法 选取2014年1月～2019年9月在我科行支撑喉镜下CO2激光显微手术治疗喉癌前病变及早期声门型喉癌患者30例(喉癌前病变20例,早期声门型喉癌10例),观察患者术后恢复情况.结果 30例患者均完成手术,术中均未出现并发症.3例患者因病灶累及前联合,术...     

探究二氧化碳激光治疗对早期声门型喉癌的临床效果分析

目的 探究二氧化碳激光治疗对早期声门型喉癌的临床效果.方法 选取我院2016年3月-2019年3月期间收治的60例确诊为早期声门型喉癌的患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字法将其分为对照组30例,观察组30例,对照组患者使用传统手术治疗方法进行治疗,观察组采用二氧化碳激光治疗,对比两组患者临床手术情况,住院时间、疼痛评分;血...     

早期声门型喉癌的治疗进展

声门型喉癌占喉癌发病的70%,淋巴结转移少见。早期声门型喉癌常常引起声音嘶哑,就诊过程中,易于早期发现,在所有喉癌中预后最好。近10年来美国国家综合癌症网络(NCCN)指南中关于早期声门型喉癌的诊治经历20余次的更新,已逐步形成经口内镜下CO₂激光手术或单纯放疗为主的治疗模式。喉功能保留和嗓音质量是衡量治疗成功与否的关键因素,目前开放手术的应用越来越少,而首选CO₂激光手术还是单纯放射治疗方案的问题一直是悬而未决的。本文将分别介绍早期声门型喉癌的治疗进展及个性化治疗选择的关键要点,并总结影响肿瘤复发的预后因素及预测复发的生物学标志物,以期为指导早期声门型喉癌患者的治疗及随访提供临床参考。     

声门上型喉癌的CO2激光治疗

声门上型喉癌的经口CO₂激光手术(TSL)是经口腔径路于显微镜辅助下使用CO₂激光切除肿瘤,具有损伤小、并发症少、术后恢复快等优点。该术式已逐渐成为T1、T2声门上型喉癌的治疗方法之一,现就TSL的发展史及手术过程作一阐述。     

早期声门型喉癌治疗的预后分析

目的探讨不同治疗方法对早期声门型喉癌的疗效影响。方法回顾性分析76早期声门型喉癌患者临床资料,包括开放性手术治疗患者59例,单纯放疗患者17例,采用Kaplan-Meier法计算生存率,Log-rank检验进行单因素分析,Cox比例风险模型进行多因素分析。结果患者总生存率为77.6%,开放性手术和放疗患者5年生存率为分别为78.0%和76.5%,两者比较差异无统计学意义。Cox多因素回归分析表明年龄、T分级、病理类型均是影响早期声门型喉癌患者预后的独立影响因素。结论单纯放疗对早期声门型喉癌可以得到与手术相似的长期生存率,年龄越大,T分级越晚,病理分型越差是早期声门型喉癌不良预后因素。     

CO2激光治疗声门型喉癌远期疗效分析

目的 探讨显微支撑喉镜下CO₂激光治疗声门型喉癌的远期治疗效果。 方法 对声门型喉癌患者106例,采用显微支撑喉镜下CO₂激光治疗,回顾性分析病历资料。其中T_isN₀M₀ 4例、T_1aN₀M₀ 62例、T_1bN₀M₀ 16例、T₂N₀M₀ 22例、T₃N₀M₀ 2例。 结果 106例患者手术顺利,无严重并发症发生。术后死于复发或颈部转移4例,死于意外4例,死于远处转移2例,失访4例,术后局部复发者再次手术后至今良好2例。目前92例仍存活,无肿瘤复发,生活质量良好。3年、5年和10年生存率分别为98.7%、95.2%和89.0%,总局部复发率为5.7%。 结论 显微支撑喉镜下CO₂激光手术是治疗T_is、T_1a声门型喉癌的首选方法,手术创伤小,术后恢复快,喉功能保全好,远期生存率高;该手术对于经过精心选择的声门型T_1b和T₂、T₃喉癌也有较好的临床疗效。     

CO2激光与等离子射频消融术治疗早期声门型喉癌疗效比较

目的比较CO2激光与等离子射频消融术治疗早期声门型喉癌的疗效,探讨早期声门型喉癌的微创手术治疗方法。方法回顾性分析分别采用CO2激光(41例)、等离子射频消融术(37例)治疗的78例早期声门型喉癌患者的临床资料,比较两种方法术中出血量、手术时间,术后疼痛程度、术后创面愈合情况、首次手术局部复发控制率等。结果等离子组平均手术时间(25.57±2.13min)明显较CO2激光组(43.25±3.82min)短(P<0.05),两组术中出血量、术后疼痛及创面愈合情况差异无统计学意义;随访三年,两组首次手术局部复发控制率分别为95.12%和97.30%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 CO2激光与等离子射频消融术均为治疗早期声门型喉癌疗效确切、微创的手术方式,但后者手术耗时更短。     

CO2激光联合低温等离子治疗早期声门型喉癌40例

目的 探讨CO₂激光联合低温等离子治疗早期声门型喉癌(EGC)的临床疗效。 方法 回顾性分析内镜下CO₂激光联合低温等离子治疗的40例EGC患者的临床资料,观察术后治疗效果及复发情况。 结果 所有患者首次手术均为内镜下CO₂激光联合低温等离子切除术,共随访4.2~32.0个月(平均18.6个月)。40例均未失访,复发1次3例,复发2次2例,复发率12.5%。复发后行喉全切除术2例,复发后行喉垂直部分切除术1例,复发后行颈淋巴结清扫术1例,复发后再行CO₂激光联合低温等离子切除术+气管切开术1例。 其中喉全切除再次复发行放、化疗及介入治疗,治疗效果差1例;喉垂直部分切除再次复发后选择放疗1例,治疗情况欠佳;余3例末次手术后恢复良好。术后肉芽组织增生9例,术后出现声带粘连4例。36例患者术后发音功能恢复满意,恢复欠佳2例,复发行喉全切除术后丧失发音功能2例。 结论 内镜下CO₂激光联合低温等离子治疗EGC可弥补激光和低温等离子单一治疗模式的不足、提高手术效率,临床有效可行。     

Local recurrence after CO2 laser cordectomy for early glottic carcinoma

OBJECTIVES: To point out prognosis factors of local recurrence after endoscopic cordectomies for Tis, T1a, T1b, and T2 glottic squamous cell carcinomas. STUDY DESIGN: A cohort of 110 patients treated from January 1990 to December 2000 at a single institution was retrospectively analyzed: 21 had Tis, 76 T1a, 7 T1b, and 6 T2 (mean follow-up 42 mo; range 1-160 mo). METHODS: The depth and extension of the excision were graded according to the European Laryngological Society Classification. Univariate analysis was used to review the impact on disease-free survival of factors related to the host, the tumor, and the treatment. RESULTS: According to the Kaplan-Meier method, the 5 year overall survival and the disease-free survival were 87% and 75%, respectively. The rates of cause-specific survival, ultimate local control with laser alone, and laryngeal preservation were 97%, 84%, and 90%, respectively. Univariate analysis by the log rank test revealed that vocal muscle infiltration (P = .001) and subglottic involvement (P = .02) have a significant impact on disease-free survival. Of the 22 patients with local recurrence (17 T1a, 1 T1b, and 4 T2), 9 were managed with total laryngectomy, 5 with partial laryngectomy, 4 with further laser cordectomy, 2 with radiotherapy, and 2 had no curative treatment. CONCLUSION: Transoral laser surgery for early glottic carcinoma is a valid alternative to radiotherapy and partial laryngectomy in terms of oncologic results. It offers low morbidity and excellent retreatment options in case of local failure. Careful patient selection for laser surgery is essential to secure good results.     

早期声门型喉癌CO2激光手术治疗

目的　总结探讨在支撑显微喉镜下通过CO2激光微创手术治疗早期声门型喉癌的疗效。方法　对2007年1月～2012年12月于福建省立医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科接受CO2激光手术治疗的91例早期声门型喉癌患者进行回顾性分析。结果　全部患者CO2激光手术后随访25～96个月,2例患者失访（视为死亡）,1例患者于术后81个月死于肺癌,喉功能保留率为96.70%（88/91）;10例患者出现局部复发,复发率为11.00%（10/91）,T1a复发率为12.12%（4/33）,T1b复发率为9.10%（3/33）,T2复发率为20.00%（3/15）,组间差异无统计学意义（χ 2=2.645,P >0.05）。前连合受累患者的复发率为28.57%（6/21）,前连合未受累的患者复发率为5.71%（4/70）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（χ 2=8.628,P＜0.05）。5年整体生存率为93.20%,局部区域（喉+颈部淋巴结）5年控制率（无肿瘤复发和转移的比率）86.70%。结论　支撑喉镜下CO2激光治疗早期声门型喉癌的疗效可靠,创伤小,喉功能保全好,恢复快,并发症少,值得临床推广应用。     

Transoral laser surgery for early glottic carcinoma

This prospective study evaluates the oncological results of transoral laser surgery (TLS) for glottic carcinoma categorized Tis, T1 and T2 in a large, unselected group of 285 consecutive patients from a university-based referral center that uses transoral laser surgery as the standard approach to these tumors. Patients were treated between 1 January 1987 and 31 December 1996. Thirty-three patients had Tis disease, 174 T1 tumors and 113 T2. Main outcome measures were local control with initial therapy, ultimate local control, regional control, organ preservation, overall survival and cause-specific survival. The 5-year uncorrected actuarial survival for all 285 patients was 71.1%, and cause-specific actuarial survival was 98.7%. Local control with initial treatment was 85.9%, ultimate local control with salvage for local treatment failures 98.5%, and regional control 98.4%. In all, 94.3% had their larynges preserved after 5 years. Although favorable oncological results for early laryngeal carcinoma treated with laser surgery are supported this study, no definitive recommendations can be given for the best single treatment. Partial laryngectomies lead to the highest local control rates reported so far, radiotherapy is believed to preserve voice best and laser surgery is associated with time- and cost-effectiveness, low morbidity, fair local control rates and excellent re-treatment options in case of local failure. All specialists dealing with the treatment of early glottic carcinoma should be able to offer these different treatment modalities to their patients and to deal specifically with each patient’s individual needs and preferences. Received: 29 October 1998 / Accepted: 2 July 1999     

Our experience in CO2 laser surgery for early glottic carcinoma

In the years 1990-2002 187 patients were treated laser microsurgery due to T1, T2 laryngeal cancer. One of the purposes of this work was analysis of resurgery cases due to recurrence of neoplasmatic process after laser cordectomy, therefore a group of 93 patients, treated in the years 1990-1997 was controlled. The local recurrence of neoplasmatic process was observed in 13 persons. The changes were once more removed in laser microsurgery in 5 patients. In 8 persons total laryngectomy was performed with subsequent radiological treatment. The best results of treatment were observed in patients in whom changes were limited to medial part of vocal cord while recurrences were the most often in patients with anterior commissure lesion. In case of recurrences after laser microsurgery all other kinds of possible treatment can be applied as, partial conventional surgery, total laryngectomy, X-ray therapy or repeated laser microsurgery. Functional evaluation of voice in 64 patients, who due to early stage of carcinoma were submitted unilateral CO2 laser cordectomy, was performed. The appearance and mobility of larynx were registered and evaluated in particular periods post surgery, the patients voices were registered and acoustic analysis submitted. Gradual voice improvement following the wound healing were observed in subjective patients evaluation as in objective one. In many cases very good functional results were obtained, which made possible for patients after CO2 laser cordectomy to continue work requiring good function of larynx. In 43 patients the psychological aspect of laser microsurgery influence was analyzed by use of anonymous questionnaires. It proofed, that in the majority of cases, the laser surgery had no influence for the social and company life of people submitted laser cordectomy. In 7 patients the views of larynx were very specific on the free edge of scar after removed vocal cord--spherical structure of 3-5 mm diameter has appeared in 2 to 6 months after laser cordectomy. In pathological examination--laryngitis chronica, granulatio--was stated. In further observation of patients no recurrences were observed. The described changes resemble granulomas and the most probably are caused by laser ray. Higher power lasers are useful, even when used at the same wattage as older models as they produce less carbonization of tissue during use.     

经口CO2激光治疗早期声门型喉癌术后嗓音分析

目的探讨经口CO2激光手术治疗早期声门型喉癌术后的嗓音情况。方法回顾分析2016年3月—2019年6月接受经口CO2激光手术治疗的48例声门型喉癌患者嗓音资料,根据手术是否切除前连合分为未切除前连组合（n=29）和切除前连合组（n=19）。分别于手术前和手术后6个月的嗓音稳定期对患者进行主观嗓音障碍指数量表简化中文版（VHI 13）评分、频闪喉镜检查及嗓音声学分析。结果经口CO2激光手术后6个月检查VHI 13生理评分及总分均较手术前明显减低;频闪喉镜检查未切除前连合组以声带黏膜波减弱或消失为主要表现,而切除前连合组术后出现前连合粘连和室带代偿性发音的比例明显升高;嗓音声学分析发现,与术前比较,激光手术后基频（F0）增加,基频微扰(jitter)和振幅微扰(shimmer)增大,最长发声时间(MPT)缩短,嗓音障碍严重指数（DSI）减低;未切除前连合组患者振幅微扰较切除前连合组更低,最长发生时间更长,DSI更高。结论声门型喉癌经口CO2激光手术后患者的主观嗓音质量较术前有一定程度的改善,是否切除前连合与术后声带形态、嗓音质量有密切关系。     

Local recurrences following transoral laser surgery for early glottic carcinoma: frequency, management, and outcome

Although transoral laser surgery (TLS) for the treatment of early stage glottic carcinoma is now widely used, the patterns of local recurrences, related re-treatment methods, and results have not been documented comprehensively. Two hundred fifty-two patients with glottic carcinoma stage I or II were treated for cure with TLS alone and followed up for 24 to 139 months (mean, 62 months). Their charts were retrospectively reviewed to identify local recurrence patterns. Thirty-five patients (13.9%) presented with local recurrences or second laryngeal primaries 4 to 84 months (mean, 23 months) after initial treatment. Of the 161 patients classified T1N0M0, 21 (13.0%) suffered local recurrences, and in the 91 classified T2N0M0, 14 (15.4%) tumors recurred. If tumors recurring more than 60 months after initial treatment are considered second primary tumors rather than recurrences, then only 18 (11.2%) of 161 patients classified T1N0M0 would have had a recurrence. However, the difference in local control between patients with stage I versus stage II disease would still not be significant (p = .41). Of the 35 patients with local recurrences, 16 (45%) were managed with total laryngectomy, 10 (28.6%) with further TLS, 4 (11.4%) with partial laryngectomy, and 2 (5.7%) with radiotherapy, and 3 (8.6%) had no curative treatment. Accordingly, 16 patients (45.7%) with local treatment failure could be treated with further organ-sparing treatment methods. The actuarial overall survival, disease-specific survival, and organ preservation rates 5 years after the diagnosis of recurrent disease were 43.6%, 74.6%, and 33.7%. Transoral laser surgery leads to local control rates that are comparable to those found after radiotherapy for lesions classified T1 and leads to slightly better control rates for lesions classified T2, but the results are inferior to those achieved with conventional partial laryngectomy. However, if local recurrence occurs, then more re-treatment options are available after TLS as compared to initial radiotherapy or open surgery.     

激光治疗与放射治疗在早期声门癌治疗中对比的Meta分析

目的:通过本研究为临床早期声门癌治疗方法的选择提供依据。方法:通过电子检索数据库Med-line(1990-2010)、Embase(1990-2010)、Cochrane图书馆、中国生物医学文献光盘数据库(1990-2010)、中文学术期刊全文数据库(1994-2010)、中文科技期刊全文数据库(1989-2010),中文生物医学期刊数据库(1994-2010)及万方数据库。用RevMan5.0计算OR值。结果:在并发症方面,由于纳入文献存在显著异质性,若使用Meta分析研究,可能会产生错误的结果,故放弃使用Meta分析。在复发和5年局部控制率方面,存在较显著异质性,消除异质性或采用亚组分析后,放射治疗与激光治疗比较差异无统计学意义,但激光治疗较放射治疗有更少的复发和更高的局部控制。而在死亡、总生存、喉保留方面,纳入文献异质性较小,进行合并后,得出在这3个方面,内镜下激光治疗更具优越性,与放射治疗后的结果相比,差异有统计学意义。结论:激光治疗可作为早期声门癌首选治疗方案。但对于肿瘤较大、侵犯前连合的患者,建议首选传统手术治疗。本研究中纳入的数据属回顾性研究,故需增加更多科学、严谨的研究数据或随机对照试验结果才可得出更科学的结论。     

Endoscopic laser surgery for early glottic carcinoma: A clinical and experimental study

The purpose of this study is to define the indications for using the CO₂ laser for the treatment of early glottic cancer. For this purpose, 52 consecutive laser resections of Tis to T2 vocal cord carcinomas were studied prospectively. In addition, laser resection was performed in eight human cadaver larynges, which were then examined histologically using whole organ sections. Both tumor size and tumor location had important influences on tumor resectability by laser. All of the Tis, 78% of T1, and one of four T2 carcinomas were successfully treated by laser surgery alone. Of the 10 carcinomas involving the anterior commissure, only four could completely be resected with the laser; of these four, two recurred in the anterior commissure. This finding is corroborated by the histologic study, which clearly shows that anterior commissure resection poses problems. The only laser resection complication of early glottic cancer was persistent hoarseness in one third of the patients. It is concluded that CO₂ laser resection is a safe and effective alternative treatment for patients with Tis and T1 glottic carcinoma, provided the anterior commissure is free of tumor.     

CO2激光声带切除术后复发相关因素分析

目的 探讨早期声门癌经CO2激光手术后,其复发相关因素对患者预后的影响。方法 回顾经CO2激光治疗声门癌患者76例病历资料,所有新鲜标本标记切缘,肉眼切缘2mm,甲醛液中固定。石蜡包埋,HE染色,光镜观察。Kaplan–Meier法计算生存率和无瘤生存率,单因素分析应用log rank test方法。结果 局部复发11例(14.5%),5年生存率92.0%,5年无瘤生存率81.9%,喉保存率96.1%。单因素分析显示,前联合受侵和甲杓肌受侵导致5年无瘤生存率降低(P=0.002,P=0.001),而病理切缘阳性并不影响5年无瘤生存率(P=0.065)。结论 前联合受侵和甲杓肌受侵将增加CO2激光治疗早期声门癌术后复发风险,切缘阳性并不影响5年无瘤生存率,对术后切缘阳性患者采取密切随访观察,避免过度治疗。