白芍总甙促干扰素诱生及抗病毒作用的研究

研究白芍总甙的促干扰素诱生及抗病毒作用,结果表明;白芍总甙10 mg·L~(-1)在试管内无直接诱生干扰素(JFN)作用.可促进鸡新城疫互I系弱毒冻干疫苗诱生αIFN,其最适浓度为10 mg·L~(-1)可促进ConA诱生γIFN.当ConA为亚适剂量时,最适浓度为l～10 mg·L~(-1)当ConA为最适剂量时,其最适浓度为0.1 ～1mg·L~(-1),皆可提高IFN效价l～2倍。具有直接抗病毒作用,白芍总甙250 mg·L~(-1)能使水泡性口炎病毒效价下降2.22个对数值。     

赤子爱胜蚓脱氧核糖核酸酶酶动力学研究

目的对赤子爱胜蚓中一组新型脱氧核糖核酸酶(EWDs)进行酶动力学研究。方法运用单相酶扩散法(SRED)、紫外分光光度法和林-贝氏(Lineweaver-Burk)作图法。结果EWDs的最适温度均为37℃。EWD1的最适pH为5.2,Km为1.58mg/ml,Vmax为5.36mg·ml-1·min-1;EWD2的最适pH为4.4,Km值是3.95mg/ml,Vmax值为2.87mg·ml-1·min-1;EWD3的最适pH为4.8,Km值是1.52mg/ml,Vmax值为4.89mg·ml-1·min-1。Mn2+和Ca2+是EWDs的抑制剂,Mg2+仅抑制EWD3的活性。结论蚯蚓组织中发现的此组脱氧核糖核酸酶具有特殊的酶学性质,区别于已知的脱氧核糖核酸酶类。     

盐酸小檗碱在Beagle狗静脉注射和口服药动学研究

传统观念认为小檗碱口服吸收差,而近年来,临床口服小檗碱用来治疗心律失常及充血性心衰.为解决其中的矛盾,本实验建立了HPLC方法(最低检测限为2μg·L~(-1))研究Beagle狗po和iv小檗碱的药代动力学、100 mg静脉注射的药—时曲线符合二室模型,K.为10.18 h~(-1),T_(1/2u)为0·15·h~(-1)T_1/2β为12.59·h~(-1),CL为60.70 L·h~(-1),AUC达1979.31 μg·L~(-1)V_d为699.53L。280 mg·kg~(-1)组发生呕吐·仅一狗可计算P—K参数,T_(max)为3.71h,C_(max)为15.46 μg·L~(-1),AUC为777.29μg·h~(-1)·L~(-1).T T_(1/za)0.63 h·T_(1/z)el34.82h,V_a为125.41L,K.为0.02·h~(-1),CL为2.64 L·h~(-1),45 mg·kg~(-1)一次口服以及45 mg·kg~(-1)Bid连续给药1wk的血药浓度都在10μg·L~(-1)以下。700 mg·kg~(-1)组因发生严重呕吐.腹泻,药物吸收差.血浓度在10 μg·L~(-1)以下,不能计算P—K参数.     

苄丙咯、尼莫地平和尼卡地平对小鼠脑钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶Ⅱ活力的影响

体外实验发现,苄丙咯(bepridil.Bep)能显著抑制提纯的鼠脑钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶(CaM—PKⅠ)的活力,其半抑制浓度约为0.3mmol·L~(-1),而尼莫地平(nimodinine,Nim)和尼卡地平(nicardipine;Nic)对该酶活力均无明显影响。实验结果表明,Bep对CaM—PKⅡ的抑制是通过擂抗CaM而实现的。     

中国生化药物杂志1994年(1～4期)总目次

·研究论文·低抗凝活性肝累来源低分子肝系的抗炎活性—……………………l。风山李素霞张天民沈渤江(1,l)鸡胆汁与蛇胆汁组分的对比研究·＠凸……·囱…回回巴邑·—巴—＠＠·—·口———·—·—·＠＠·—回＠邑··、·面·曰口＠＠·—··＠··一张德桐张能荣(1,4)含乳糖酶冻干酵母制剂的研究……………………………··、…,…·叶祝嵩工晓路沈燕琴邵靖宇(1、8)超氧化物歧化酶活性测定的间苯三酚替代试探……………………………··方林求纪岚陈谦门,12)新疆葡萄于超氧化物歧化酶的分离提纯—…………………………何俊李勘荷槐素…     

芍药甙在兔和大鼠体内的药动学研究

兔iv25mg·kg~(-1)芍药甙后,血药浓度—时间曲线符合二室模型。药动学参数为T_(1/2α)=5.93min,T_(1/2β)66.02min,V(?)=516.8ml·kg~(-1),CL=6.11ml·kg~(-1)·min~(-1)。兔ig250mg·kg~(-1)芍药甙,生物利用度为F=7.24％±4.15％,T_(max)=77.4min,C_(max)=21.57mg·L~(-1)大鼠ig550mg·kg~(-1)芍药甙,24h内粪、尿排泄量及iv55mg·kg~(-1)7h内胆汁排泄量分别占给药量的10.61％、1.08％、864％。离体肝脏灌流结果提示:芍药甙在肝内代谢少.     

槲皮素在兔体内的药代动力学

槲皮素为黄酮类化合物。兔iv槲皮素10m g·kg~(-1)后.血药浓度—时间曲线符合二室模型。T_(1/2)(α)为2.91 ±1.36min,T_(1/2)(β)183.78±82.67min,V_B为0.624±0.225 L·kg~(-1),CL为3.15±2.11 ml·kg~(-1)·min~(-1).槲皮素10mg·kg~(-1)ig后,生物利用度为42.7％,药峰浓度(C_(Dk))为10.9mg·L~(-1),药峰时间(t_(pk))为60min。iv槲皮素后.药物以原型和代谢产物两种形式经尿、胆汁排泄,消除较迅速。     

高效液相色谱法测定血浆中盐酸丁螺环酮及其活性代谢物的含量

目的:高效液相色谱法测定血浆中盐酸丁螺环酮及其活性代谢物1—嘧啶哌嗪浓度。方法:用 Hypersil BDS CN 色谱柱(4.6mm×150mm,5μm),以甲醇—四氢呋喃—磷酸盐缓冲液(15:15:70)为流动相,流速为1.5mL·mim~(-1),室温,紫外检测波长238nm,内标物为1—嘧啶哌嗪。结果盐酸丁螺环酮在10～200μg·mL~(-1)范围内,1—嘧啶哌嗪在10～200μg·mL~(-1)峰面积比与浓度线性关系良好,相关系数分别为0.9998和0.9994,回收率为97.58%～105.4%,RSD 均小于9%。本法灵敏度高,专属性好。     

商陆多糖Ⅱ体外对小鼠脾细胞增殖及产生集落刺激因子的影响

用[³H]TdR参入法检测小鼠脾细胞增殖能力及产生集落刺激因子(colony stimulating factor. CSF)含量.证明商陆多糖Ⅱ(PAP-Ⅱ)在31～500 μg·m^-1范围内显著促进小鼠稗细胞增殖。PAP-Ⅱ,31～125 μg·ml^-1可剂量依赖性地促进Con A(1,2.8μg·ml^-1),LPS(3,10,30 μg·ml^-1)诱导的淋巴细胞细咆增殖,随着PAP-Ⅱ剂量加大,对丝裂原诱导的淋巴细胞增殖反呈抑制作用。PAP-Ⅱ。10～500μg·ml^-1呈剂量及时间依赖性地促进脾细胞产生CSF,其最适剂量为100 μg·ml^-1。最佳时间为5 d,提示PAP-Ⅱ能增强免疫及促进造血功能。     

用高效液相色谱法测定血清卡马西平及其代谢产物浓度

本文报告了一个可同时测定卡马西平及其少在40mg·L~(-1)内呈线性,1O,11一环氧卡马西平活性代谢产物血药浓度的高效液相色谱法。于至少在20mg·L~(-1)内呈线性。0.3ml血清样本中加入内标物(10—甲氧卡马西平)后.经4mol·L~(-1)氢氧化钠碱化.用二氯甲烷提取;提取液在室温中氮气流下挥干、流动相重组进样.进行色谱分析。以乙腈/甲醇/水(50/210/260.V/V)为流动相.以C_(18)反相桂(150×4.6mm)为固定相,检测波长为214nm。本法卡马西平及1O,11—环氧卡马西平的最小检出浓度分别为0.08mg·L~(-1)和0.1mg·L~(-1).平均绝对回收率分别为96.0％和97.3％;日内变异系数为3.3％～5.7%.日间变异系数为4.3％～9.0％;卡马西平至     

Purification of a kininogenase from the venom of Agkistrodon caliginosus (Kankoku-Mamushi)

During the isolation of a capillary permeability-increasing enzyme from the venom of A. caliginosus, a kininogenase was also purified from the venom by gel filtration on Sephadex G-100, ion-exchange chromatographies on CM-Sephadex C-50 and DEAE-Sephadex A-50, and gel filtration on Sephadex G-75. By this procedure, 11 mg of the purified enzyme were obtained from 4 g of the venom. The purified enzyme was homogeneous by polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis at pH 8.3 and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and did not show any caseinolytic or clotting activity. The purified enzyme released bradykinin from purified bovine high mol.wt kininogen. The capillary permeability was increased by injection of the purified enzyme into the depilated skin of the back of a rabbit. It is supposed that the capillary permeability-increasing activity exerted by the enzyme is due to the release of bradykinin.     

Hydrolysis of ester-type drugs by the purified esterase from human intestinal mucosa.

Esterase from human intestinal mucosa was purified 210 fold by solubilization with Triton X-100, chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, Sephadex G-100 and hydroxylapatite, and isoelectric focusing. The purified esterase showed a single band by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The molecular weight of the purified esterase was estimated to be about 55,000 by gel filtration on Sephadex G-150, and the isoelectric point was 5.02. The purified esterase was strongly inhibited by diethyl p-nitrophenyl phosphate (E-600) and diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP), and was not inhibited by eserine sulfate and p-chloromercuribenzoate. The purified esterase from human intestinal mucosa was found to be one of the carboxylesterases. The purified esterase hydrolyzed ester-type drugs, i.e., aspirin, clofibrate, indanyl carbenicillin and procaine, but did not hydrolyze amide-type drugs and choline-type drugs.     

Purification of a kininogenase (kininogenase-2) from the venom of Agkistrodon caliginosus (Kankoku-Mamushi)

From the partially purified capillary permeability-increasing enzyme obtained from A. caliginosus venom, another kininogenase (kininogenase-2) was purified by gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 and ion-exchange chromatography on CM-Sephadex C-50, DEAE-Sephadex A-50, S-Sepharose Fast Flow and Q-Sepharose Fast Flow. The purified enzyme was homogeneous by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at pH 8.3 and SDS-gel electrophoresis. The kininogenase-2 had arginine ester hydrolytic and capillary permeability-increasing activities, and did not show any caseinolytic or clotting activity in a similar manner to a previously purified kininogenase (kininogenase-1). The purified kininogenase-2 liberated bradykinin on incubation with purified bovine high mol. wt kininogen. The rate of bradykinin release from the kininogen by kininogenase-2 was slower than that by the kininogenase-1, although both enzymes rapidly cleaved the peptide bonds in the kininogen molecule.     

新疆胀果甘草粗提物和精制物对宫颈癌细胞的影响

目的研究新疆胀果甘草(Glycyrrhiza inflata Batalin)粗提物和精制物体外抗宫颈癌的活性。方法利用超声辅助乙醇对新疆胀果甘草进行粗提取,得到粗提物后,进一步利用大孔树脂柱层析法对粗提物进行精制,得到精制物,并利用紫外分光光度法对粗提物及精制物总黄酮的含量进行测定,测得粗提物总黄酮含量为5.6%,精制物总黄酮含量为56.4%。将粗提物和精制物分别作为试药,顺铂为阳性药。采用人宫颈癌HeLa和SiHa细胞作为体外实验对象,用MTT法测定对宫颈癌细胞抑制率,用流式细胞仪测定胀果甘草精制物对人宫颈癌细胞的凋亡作用。结果新疆胀果甘草粗提物和精制物均能明显抑制宫颈癌HeLa和SiHa细胞的生长,且2种药的抑制效应呈时间和质量浓度依赖性,但在同一质量浓度下,精制物的抑制率更高。流式细胞测定结果显示,甘草粗提物、精制物能够显著诱导宫颈癌HeLa和SiHa细胞凋亡。结论新疆胀果甘草粗提物和精制物能够有效抑制宫颈癌细胞增殖,促进宫颈癌细胞凋亡,且精制物的抗癌活性明显优于粗提物。     

库拉索芦荟多糖纯化方法研究

醇沉法提取库拉索芦荟粗多糖，分别用分部醇沉法和SephadexG-100凝胶柱色谱纯化粗多糖。结果表明经Sephade。G-100凝胶柱色谱分离纯化可得到均一的库拉索芦荟多糖。经苯酚-硫酸法测定多糖含量为81．11％。在sephadex G-100凝胶柱色谱纯化中用蒸馏水为洗脱液，紫外法200nm检测，方法简便、快速、灵敏度高。     

Purification of a lethal toxin produced by Shigella dysenteriae

A lethal toxin was purified from the culture supernatant of Shigella dysenteriae 1. The purification procedure utilized ammonium sulfate fractionation, column chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, CM-cellulose, hydroxylapatite and gel filtration on Sephadex G-200. About a 4760-fold purification was achieved, with a yield of 2.7%. The purified lethal toxin appeared homogeneous on polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis. The ld₅₀ of the purified lethal toxin in mice following i.p. injection was about 7.5 μg/kg. Injection i.p. of 2 ld₅₀ of the purified lethal toxin into mice caused paralysis of the limbs followed by death after 2–4 days.     

Potentiation of the teratogenic effects and altered disposition of diphenylhydantoin in mice fed a purified diet

The effect of a standardized purified diet (AIN-76) on the teratogenic response to diphenylhydantoin (DPH) was studied in mice. Mice were fed either the purified diet or Purina Rodent Laboratory Chow for 2-4 weeks prior to mating, and were treated with either saline or 50 mg/kg of DPH on Days 12, 13, and 14 of gestation (copulatory plug = Day 0). The teratogenic response to DPH was found to be markedly potentiated in mice fed the purified diet (75% cleft palate) as compared to mice fed rodent chow (21% cleft palate). The potentiated teratogenic response to DPH correlated with markedly higher plasma DPH levels in pregnant mice fed the purified diet, indicating that the disposition of DPH was impaired. These effects were attributed to a decreased basal level of drug-metabolizing enzymes in mice fed the purified diet, as indicated by markedly prolonged hexobarbital sleeping times. Modifications of the purified diet, which included the replacement of soluble carbohydrate (50% sucrose) in the purified diet with either cornstarch or casein, did not alter the high incidence of cleft palate. A reduction in the incidence of cleft palate was observed, however, when corn oil in the purified diet was replaced with linseed oil. The replacement of corn oil with linseed oil in the purified diet also restored the hexobarbital sleeping times to those observed in mice fed rodent chow. It is concluded that mice fed purified diets have decreased basal levels of drug-metabolizing activity that alter the disposition of DPH and, as a consequence, potentiate its teratogenic effects.     

白眉蝮蛇降纤酶的纯化及特性分析

目的从白眉蝮蛇蛇毒中提取降纤酶,并对其进行特性分析。方法采用一步亲和色谱法分离纯化降纤酶,用高效液相色谱分析其纯度,SDS-PAGE测定其相对分子质量。结果分离得到的降纤酶纯度高(99%以上),SDS-PAGE分析为一条带,相对分子质量为36 000,比活性为4 800 u/mg。结论用一步亲和色谱法从白眉蝮蛇蛇毒中纯化降纤酶的方法简单有效,所得产品纯度高、产量高。     

PROTEIN CATABOLISM: III. Proteolytic Enzymes of Guinea Pig Cerebral Cortex and Synaptosomal Localization

Two proteinases of guinea pig cerebral cortex, one of pH optimum 3.4, the other of pH optimum 7.6, were purified 130- and 900-fold by centrifugation and Sephadex G-100 and G-200 gel chromatography. Both proteinases were assayed for utilizing [³H]acetyl hemoglobin as substrate. The purified pH 3.4 proteinase had two bands on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis while the purified pH 7.6 proteinase gave three bands when stained for protein; none of the purified material stained for glycoprotein. The purified pH 3.4 proteinase had pI of 4.0 to 5.0 and a K_m of 1 ± 10^-4 M hemoglobin. This acid proteinase showed no cofactor requirements, was inhibited 51% by 0.1 M HgCl₂, and was relatively inactive against low molecular weight synthetic substrates. The purified pH 7.6 proteinase had pI of 6.7 to 7.4 and a K_m of 1 ± 10^-5 M. This neutral proteinase showed no cofactor requirements, was severely inhibited by HgCl₂ and diisopropylphosphofluoridate, and was also relatively inactive against low molecular weight synthetic substrates. On fractionation of the guinea pig cerebral cortex into ‘myelin’, ‘purified synaptosomes’ and ‘mitochondria’ fractions proteinase activity was found in each fraction. Highest activity of both pH 3.4 and pH 7.6 enzymes was in the ‘mitochondrial’ fraction. Fractionation of synaptosomes indicated highest pH 7.6 and pH 3.4 proteolytic activity in the fraction D ‘synaptic vesicle’ fraction. This activity was further purified on continuous sucrose gradients and separation of the pH 3.4 and pH 7.6 enzymes achieved. The purified pH 7.6 proteinase was found to be capable of releasing peptides and glycopeptides from isolated synaptosome surface electrokinetically in a manner similar to trypsin.     

人精子甘露糖受体的部分特性研究

目的分离纯化人精子甘露糖受体并测定其分子量和等电点。方法用亲和层析法分离纯化人精子甘露糖受体,十二烷基磺酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法测定其分子量,等电聚焦电泳法测定其等电点。结果人精子甘露糖受体的分子量为66.3 ku,等电点为pH=5.1。结论用亲和层析法分离得到人精子甘露糖受体,并测得其分子量和等电点,可为后续开展人精子甘露糖受体有关理化特性和医用价值的研究积累有价值的资料。