温阳利水方穴位贴敷治疗糖尿病神经源性膀胱52例

目的:分析温阳利水方穴位贴敷治疗糖尿病神经源性膀胱的临床疗效.方法:根据数字随机原则将104例糖尿病神经源性膀胱患者分成两组,对照组和实验组均为52例;两组均采用排尿训练、间歇导尿,对照组采用超短波治疗,实验组选择温阳利水方穴位贴敷治疗,观察比较临床疗效.结果:对照组、实验组临床治疗总有效率分别为78.8％(41/52)、94.2％(49/52),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:选择温阳利水方穴位贴敷治疗糖尿病神经源性膀胱,能对临床症状进行显著改善,让临床疗效显著提高,具有临床推广价值.     

胸腔穿刺置管引流术治疗难治性心力衰竭合并胸腔积液的效果与安全性

目的 探索胸腔穿刺置管引流术治疗难治性心力衰竭合并胸腔积液患者的有效性与安全性.方法 选取我院2018年12月至2019年11月收治的61例难治性心力衰竭合并胸腔积液患者作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为观察组32例和对照组29例.两组患者均严格按照心衰指南规范化诊疗.观察组在规范治疗的基础上,对胸水较多侧(端坐位最厚≥30mm)胸腔积液的胸腔行置管持续引流术.比较两组患者心功能评估相关指标[血氧饱和度(SpO2)、心率(HR)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左室射血分数(EF)、N末端B型利钠肽原(NT-proBNP)]以及穿刺置管相关副反应(出血、疼痛、置管相关感染等).结果 治疗10d后,临床疗效方面,观察组90.63％的总有效率明显高于对照组的68.97％,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).心功能评估相关指标方面,观察组患者的HR、LVEDD、NT-proBNP减小均高于对照组,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后观察组患者的SpO2、EF升高均大于对照组,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).两组的不良反应比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 规范的心衰治疗联合胸腔穿刺置管引流术对难治性心力衰竭合并胸腔积液的患者有效且安全.     

心舒贴穴位贴敷对不稳定型心绞痛疗效的影响

目的:探讨心舒贴穴位贴敷对不稳定型心绞痛疗效的影响.方法:选取我院收治的不稳定型心绞痛患者88例,按照随机数字表法,分为对照组(n=44)和观察组(n=44).对照组采用常规西药治疗,观察组加用心舒贴穴位贴敷治疗,比较两组疗效.结果:观察组疗效优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:心舒贴穴位贴敷治疗不稳定型心绞痛的临床疗效显著,安全性高,值得在临床上推广.     

消瘤利水汤对顺铂胸腔内灌注治疗肺癌恶性胸腔积液的临床疗效及CEA、NSE水平的影响

目的:探讨消瘤利水汤对顺铂胸腔内灌注治疗肺癌恶性胸腔积液的临床疗效及癌胚抗原(CEA)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平的影响.方法:随机将我院收治的80例肺癌胸腔积液患者分为对照组和观察组,每组40例.对照组采用顺铂胸腔内灌注治疗,观察组联合应用顺铂灌注+消瘤利水汤治疗,比较两组临床疗效,并比较两组治疗前后CEA及NSE的水平.结果:观察组总有效率为85.00％,明显高于对照组的50.00％,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).治疗前两组胸腔积液CEA及NSE水平无明显差异(P>0.05),治疗后两组胸腔积液CEA及NSE水平均明显降低,观察组治疗后上述指标均明显优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:消瘤利水汤对顺铂胸腔内灌注治疗的肺癌恶性胸腔积液临床效果较好,可以改善CEA及NSE水平,值得在临床推广.     

益气活血利水方治疗30例慢性心衰的临床效果观察

目的:探讨益气活血利水方对慢性心衰患者的临床治疗效果.方法:选取60例慢性心力衰竭患者随机分为观察组和对照组各30例,对照组采用常规西药治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上加服中药"益气活血利水方",持续治疗2个月.对比两组患者治疗前后LVEF变化、中医症状积分、6 min步行距离、血液BNP及心血管事件发生情况等.结果:治疗后两组LVEF、6 min步行距离及BNP等均有改善,其中观察组的改善情况更为显著(P<0.05).两组患者治疗后中医病症积分均有下降,其中观察组乏力、胸闷、心悸、腹胀、食欲不振等积分方面下降更为显著(P<0.05).观察组心血管事件发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05).结论:采用益气活血利水方治疗慢性心衰具有显著的临床疗效,可降低中医症状积分,改善患者心功能指标,提高患者生活质量.     

穴位贴敷法治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的临床效果研究

目的研究穴位贴敷法治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的临床效果。方法选取慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者560例,随机分为观察组与对照组,均给予舒利迭治疗,而观察组再给予穴位贴敷治疗,两组患者均治疗3年,观察治疗效果。结果观察组治愈98例,显效134例,有效36例,无效12例,总有效率95.7%;对照组治愈54例,显效98例,有效85例,无效43例,总有效率84.6%。观察组总有效率高于对照组,且差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论穴位贴敷法治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病临床效果满意,建议在临床治疗中推广应用。     

穴位贴敷联合内关穴按压对肺源性心脏病患者的意义分析

目的 分析穴位贴敷联合内关穴按压对肺源性心脏病患者的意义。方法 选取60例肺源性心脏病患者进行研究,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组30例。对照组采用临床传统康复治疗,试验组在对照组基础上采用穴位贴敷联合内关穴按压治疗。比较两组运动耐力、心功能改善情况及临床满意度。结果 治疗前,两组6 min步行距离比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗14、28 d,试验组6 min步行距离分别为(321.12±25.67)、(358.76±26.47)m,均长于对照组的(254.34±23.59)、(267.46±24.64)m,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组总有效率93.33%明显高于对照组的56.67%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组临床满意度96.67%高于对照组的80.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 穴位贴敷联合内关穴按压对肺源性心脏病患者临床效果显著,可改善患者的临床症状,值得推广。     

桂附利水方加减联合西医治疗心源性胸腔积液的临床研究

目的 观察桂附利水方加减对心源性胸腔积液患者的疗效。方法 选取于六安市中医院心病一科2020年9月～2021年9月收治的心源性胸腔积液患者60例,分为观察组(30例)和对照组(30例)。对照组进行西医常规治疗方案治疗,观察组在对照组方案基础之上予以桂附利水方加减口服,疗程为2周,观察两组治疗前后总有效率,两组治疗前后心功能评估(包括治疗前后两组患者左室射血分数,左室舒张末期内径,BNP水平,6 min步行距离)以及CA125水平。结果 观察组有效率(86.67%)高于对照组(60.00%)(χ²=5.455,P<0.05),观察组心功能评估包括左室射血分数,左室舒张末期内径,BNP水平,6 min步行距离等改善较对照组更明显。CA125的下降亦较对照组更明显。结论 与单纯西医常规治疗相比,西医常规治疗联合桂附利水方对于心源性胸腔积液具有更好的疗效,能促进心功能改善,降低CA125水平。     

三伏天穴位贴敷法治疗虚寒喘症的疗效观察

目的研究并探讨三伏天穴位贴敷法治疗虚寒喘症的临床疗效。方法选取我院门诊在2014年4月~2016年10月期间收治的100例虚寒喘症患者作为研究对象,采取计算机随机列表分组法将患者分为西医对照组、穴位贴敷组,每组各50例,西医对照组实施常规西医治疗,穴位贴敷组实施三伏天穴位贴敷治疗,比较两组患者的临床疗效、生命质量评分、嗜酸性粒细胞、T细胞亚群、不良反应发生率。结果穴位贴敷组的临床总有效率明显高于西医对照组(P<0.05);治疗后,两组患者的生命质量评分、嗜酸性粒细胞计数、T细胞亚群(CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+)均明显降低(P<0.05),且穴位贴敷组治疗后低于西医对照组治疗后(P<0.05);两组患者的不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论针对虚寒喘症患者实施三伏天穴位贴敷治疗,具有显著的临床疗效,可有效缓解患者的症状,抑制过敏反应,改善免疫功能,且安全性可靠,有利于提高患者生命质量。     

小儿支气管哮喘采用止咳平喘膏穴位贴敷治疗的临床观察

目的:探讨小儿支气管哮喘采用止咳平喘膏穴位贴敷治疗的临床效果. 方法:抽取2013年6月~2014年6月在我院就诊的210例小儿支气管哮喘患者作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,各105例;对照组给予常规药物治疗,观察组在常规治疗基础上,加以止咳平喘膏穴位贴敷治疗;对两组临床疗效进行观察比较. 结果:观察组临床疗效显著优于对照组,差异明显(P<0.05),具有统计学意义. 结论:对于小儿支气管哮喘,采取止咳平喘膏穴位贴敷治疗方法效果显著,促进病情的缓解,调节人体的免疫机制,实现止咳平喘的疗效;值得在临床推广.     

β3-肾上腺素受体激动剂的研究进展

摘要β     

朱砂及含朱砂制剂的肝肾毒性研究

目的 探讨朱砂、含朱砂制剂（柏子养心片）及甲基汞对大鼠的体内外毒性,为其临床安全用药提供科学依据。方法 ①对比甲基汞、朱砂及柏子养心片体外对人肝HL-7702细胞和人肾近曲小管上皮HK2细胞的毒性,计算半数抑制浓度（IC₅₀）。②SD大鼠随机分为对照组,朱砂组0.1 g/kg,柏子养心片0.2、0.4、0.8 g/kg组,甲基汞组0.001 g/kg,每天ig 1次,连续给药90 d后,取血及肝、肾组织;试剂盒法检测血清中丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、肌酐（CREA）、尿素氮（BUN）水平,测汞仪固体直接进样法检测肝、肾组织中汞蓄积量,并对大鼠肝脏和肾脏做组织病理学检查。结果 体外试验表明,朱砂、柏子养心片及甲基汞对HL-7702细胞的IC₅₀分别为7.852、6.035、0.009 5 g/L;对HK2细胞的IC₅₀分别为6.297、4.484、0.008 9 g/L。亚慢性毒性试验表明,甲基汞组大鼠肝、肾组织中汞蓄积量及血清中ALT、AST、CREA、BUN值均显著高于对照组,而朱砂及柏子养心片（高、中、低剂量）组与对照组比较均没有显著性差异;甲基汞组大鼠肝脏呈现肝细胞变性,肾脏可见明显肾小管损伤,而朱砂及柏子养心片（高、中、低剂量）组与对照比较没有明显差异。结论 朱砂及柏子养心片的体内外毒性均显著低于甲基汞,在目前药典规定的临床用量下使用安全性较好。     

Effects of cannabidiol and of diphenylhydantoin on the hippocampus and on learning

Cannabidiol (3.5 mg/kg, i.p.) depressed hippocampal facilitation and posttetanic potentiation of evoked responses in rats, such, as had been reported before for diphenylhydantoin. Both diphenylhydantoin (80 mg/kg, i.p.) and cannabidiol blocked the increase of hippocampal RNA concentration caused by afferent stimulation, and depressed the acquisition of a conditioned avoidance response in rats. Neither drug affected the retention of such response when given by posttrial injection, nor the spontaneous locomotor activity of mice. The effects of both agents may be explained by the interference they have been previously shown to produce with the release of K⁺ from the hippocampus during stimulation. In fact, hippocampal facilitation and posttetanic potentiation and the RNA response to stimulation have been shown to be phenomena which depend on this K⁺ release, and have been attributed a role in learning.     

左乙拉西坦与托吡酯治疗儿童原发性癫痫的效果及其对免疫功能的影响

目的:观察左乙拉西坦与托吡酯治疗原发性癫痫的疗效及安全性,并探讨其对患儿免疫功能的影响。方法:选择我院2013年3月至2015年6月收治的原发性癫痫患儿60例,随机分为左乙拉西坦组和托吡酯组各30例,另选同期体检的健康儿童30例作为对照组。三组儿童均采集晨起空腹静脉血(患儿分别于治疗前和治疗3个月时各采集1次),采用免疫比浊法检测血清免疫球蛋白IgG、IgA、IgM 水平,采用流式细胞技术检测T 淋巴细胞亚群CD3+、CD4+、CD8+水平。观察治疗前后各组患儿免疫功能指标变化、临床疗效及不良反应。结果:治疗前两组患儿IgA、IgG、IgM、CD3+、CD4+及CD8+水平与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);治疗后两组患儿IgA、IgG、CD8+和(或)CD4+水平较治疗前明显改善(P均<0.05),且与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05),两组患儿之间比较差异也无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。治疗3个月后,左乙拉西坦组总有效率为93.33%,托吡酯组为86.67%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患儿治疗过程中均无明显电解质紊乱、血尿常规及肝肾功能检查异常,不良反应轻微,无停药病例。结论:癫痫患儿存在免疫功能异常,应用左乙拉西坦和托吡酯均能改善其免疫功能,且二者疗效相当,安全性较高,均具有较高的临床应用价值。     

东南沿海南日岛部队驻地恙虫病自然疫源地调查及防治研究

为查明东南沿海财日岛驻地恙虫病疫源地及流行病学特征，对该岛恙 虫病患者４５例进行分析和流行病学研究。结果表明该岛存在恙 虫病流行，属夏季型，临床症状典型，并出现多脏器功能损害。     

Effect of ranitidine on ileal myenteric plexus preparation and on acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase

Ranitidine at concentrations from 1 microM to 0.1 mM brought about a dose-dependent potentiation of the twitch responses elicited by electrical stimulation of the ileal myenteric preparation. At higher concentrations (0.3-3 mM) ranitidine also caused irregular slow contractions of the unstimulated ileal preparation which were potentiated by eserine and blocked by atropine and tetrodotoxin. In order to identify the mechanism of these apparently cholinomimetic actions, the effects of ranitidine on AChE and BuChE were studied. Ranitidine showed an instantaneous and promptly reversible inhibitory action at concentrations between 0.5 and 30 microM. Double reciprocal plots were prepared and equilibrium dissociation constants calculated. It appears that ranitidine exerts an inhibition of the "mixed" type on both AChE and BuChE, but the dissociation constants for BuChE were markedly higher than those for AChE. Since AChE inhibition occurs in the same concentration range potentiating the twitch responses on the ileal myenteric preparation, it may explain the cholinomimetic effect of ranitidine.     

Enniatin B and Deoxynivalenol Activity on Bread Wheat and on Fusarium Species Development

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating wheat disease, mainly caused by Fusarium graminearum (FG)—a deoxynivalenol (DON)-producing species. However, Fusarium avenaceum (FA), able to biosynthesize enniatins (ENNs), has recently increased its relevance worldwide, often in co-occurrence with FG. While DON is a well-known mycotoxin, ENN activity, also in association with DON, is poorly understood. This study aims to explore enniatin B (ENB) activity, alone or combined with DON, on bread wheat and on Fusarium development. Pure ENB, DON, and ENB+DON (10 mg kg⁻¹) were used to assess the impacts on seed germination, seedling growth, cell death induction (trypan blue staining), chlorophyll content, and oxidative stress induction (malondialdehyde quantification). The effect on FG and FA growth was tested using ENB, DON, and ENB+DON (10, 50, and 100 mg kg⁻¹). Synergistic activity in the reduction of seed germination, growth, and chlorophyll degradation was observed. Conversely, antagonistic interaction in cell death and oxidative stress induction was found, with DON counteracting cellular stress produced by ENB. Fusarium species responded to mycotoxins in opposite directions. ENB inhibited FG development, while DON promoted FA growth. These results highlight the potential role of ENB in cell death control, as well as in fungal competition.     

丹参多酚酸盐治疗不稳定型心绞痛的疗效及其对一氧化氮和内皮素的影响

目的观察丹参多酚酸盐治疗不稳定型心绞痛（UA）的疗效及其对血清一氧化氮（NO）和内皮素（ET）水平的影响。方法 60例患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各30例。对照组给予常规抗心绞痛治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上加用丹参多酚酸盐注射液。观察比较2组临床疗效、血清NO和ET水平及心电图改善和药物不良反应情况。结果 治疗组临床疗效、血清NO和ET水平及心电图改善情况均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。2组均未发生药物不良反应。结论丹参多酚酸盐可明显改善UA患者的临床症状和心电图ST-T改变,要提高血清NO水平的同时降低ET水平。     

Influence of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on blood pressure and on renin formation and release

Summary I.v. injection of 40 mg/kg or 65 mg/kg streptozotocin reliably induced diabetes in female Sprague-Dawley rats, but failed to induce hypertension within the following 42 days. In most animals injected with the higher dose and in some animals injected with the lower dose, the tail blood flow was permanently impaired so that no blood pressure signals could be obtained by tail plethysmography. This phenomenon occurred also when the drug was injected into the jugular vein and thus was not due to a local effect of streptozotocin. 15 days after 65 mg/kg streptozotocin, the mean arterial pressure of the rats was similar to that of controls, when measured in the awake state (carotid cannula) or under ether anaesthesia. 42 days after streptozotocin, under pentobarbital anaesthesia, the blood pressure was again normal in the animals given 40 mg/kg of the drug and depressed in the animals given 65 mg/kg of the drug 42 days previously. The increase of blood pressure induced by 1 g/kg (–)-noradrenaline i.v. was similar in the latter group of animals and in controls.The renal cortical renin concentration was much lower than in controls 42 days after either dose of streptozotocin, while the plasma renin activity was normal (40 mg/kg) or increased (65 mg/kg). The low renal renin content may have been due to the diabetic state, rather than to the drug itself. Adrenal medullary dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity was increased 42 days after the higher dose of streptozotocin.Supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation, grant Nr. 3.410.078     

妊娠合并子宫肌瘤对母儿影响的分析

目的 探讨妊娠合并子宫肌瘤对母儿的影响。方法 对1999年1月～2004年12月73例在剖宫产术中发现的子宫肌瘤进行分析。结果 妊娠合并肌瘤的胎位异常（臂位）率、产后出血率分别为17．8％、20．54％,而对照组分别为3．18％和8．97％;低体重儿发生率12、33％,而对照组为6．07％,有显著差异。结论 子宫肌瘤增加了母儿并发症的可能性;合并黏膜下肌瘤也有望使妊娠过程成功。