Oculatol, oculatolide, and A-nor sterols from the sponge Haliclona oculata

Chemical investigation of the marine sponge Haliclona oculata resulted in the isolation of eight new compounds including oculatol (1) and oculatolide (2) and six unusual A-nor steroids, 2-ethoxycarbonyl-2beta-hydroxy-A-nor-ergosta-5,24(28)-dien-4-one (3), 2-ethoxycarbonyl-24-ethyl-2beta-hydroxy-A-nor-cholesta-5-en-4-one (4), 2-ethoxycarbonyl-2beta,7beta-dihydroxy-A-nor-ergosta-5,24(28)-dien-4-one (5), 2-ethoxycarbonyl-2beta,7beta-dihydroxy-A-nor-cholesta-5-en-4-one (6), 2-ethoxycarbonyl-2beta,7beta-dihydroxy-24-methyl-A-nor-cholesta-5,22(E)-dien-4-one (7), and 2-ethoxycarbonyl-2beta,7beta-dihydroxy-A-nor-cholesta-5,22(E)-dien-4-one (8), along with 16 known steroids and indole derivatives. Their structures were unambiguously determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses.     

Bioactive metabolites from the South African marine mollusk Trimusculus costatus

A reinvestigation of extracts of the endemic South African intertidal limpet Trimusculus costatus yielded the known labdane diterpenes 6beta,7alpha-diacetoxylabda-8,13 E-dien-15-ol ( 1) and 2alpha,6beta,7alpha-triacetoxylabda-8,13 E-dien-15-ol ( 2) and three new metabolites, 6beta,7alpha,15-triacetoxylabda-8,13 E-diene ( 3), 3alpha,11-dihydroxy-9,11-seco-cholest-4,7-dien-6,9-dione ( 4), and cholest-7-en-3,5,7-triol ( 5). Chiral derivatization and X-ray analysis were used to confirm the labdane absolute configuration of 2. Compounds 1, 2 and 4 exhibited moderate activity (3-25 microM) against the WHCO1 human esophageal cancer cell line.     

Cucurbitane-type triterpenoids from the stems of momordica charantia

Four new cucurbitane-type triterpenes, cucurbita-5,23(E)-diene-3beta,7beta,25-triol (1), 3beta-acetoxy-7beta-methoxycucurbita-5,23(E)-dien-25-ol (2), cucurbita-5(10),6,23(E)-triene-3beta,25-diol (5), and cucurbita-5,24-diene-3,7,23-trione (6), together with four known triterpenes, 3beta,25-dihydroxy-7beta-methoxycucurbita-5,23(E)-diene (3), 3beta-hydroxy-7beta,25-dimethoxycucurbita-5,23(E)-diene (4), 3beta,7beta,25-trihydroxycucurbita-5,23(E)-dien-19-al (7), and 25-methoxy-3beta,7beta-dihydroxycucurbita-5,23(E)-dien-19-al (8), were isolated from the methyl alcohol extract of the stems of Momordica charantia. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods.     

Eupha-7,9(11),24-trien-3beta-ol ("antiquol C") and other triterpenes from Euphorbia antiquorum latex and their inhibitory effects on Epstein-Barr virus activation

The structures of three triterpene alcohols isolated from the latex of Euphorbia antiquorum were established to be eupha-7,9(11),24-trien-3beta-ol (2; antiquol C), 19(10-->9)abeo-8alpha,9beta,10alpha-eupha-5,24-dien-3beta-ol (3; antiquol B), and 24-methyltirucalla-8,24(24(1))-dien-3beta-ol (4; euphorbol) on the basis of spectroscopic methods. Compounds 3 and 4 have previously been assigned the erroneous structures of 10alpha-cucurbita-5,24-dien-3alpha-ol and 24-methyleupha-8,24(24(1))-dien-3beta-ol, respectively. Compounds 2-4 and four other known compounds isolated from the latex, euphol (1), lemmaphylla-7,21-dien-3beta-ol (5), isohelianol (6), and camelliol C (7), showed potent inhibitory effects on Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) activation induced by the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).     

Bioactive steroids from the whole herb of Euphorbia chamaesyce

Three new ergostane-type steroids, 3beta-hydroxy-4alpha, 14alpha-dimethyl-5alpha-ergosta-8,24(28)-dien-11 -one (1); 3beta, 11alpha-dihydroxy-4alpha,14alpha-dimethyl-5alpha -ergosta-8, 24(28)-dien-7-one (2); and 3beta,7alpha-dihydroxy-4alpha, 14alpha-dimethyl-5alpha-ergosta-8,24(28)-dien-11 -one (3), were isolated, together with two known triterpenoids, wrightial and lup-20(30)-ene-3beta,29-diol from the whole herb of Euphorbia chamaesyce. Compound 3 showed a potent inhibitory effect on Epstein-Barr virus early antigen activation induced by the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA).     

Gelliusterols A--D, new acetylenic sterols from a sponge, Gellius species.

New acetylenic sterols, gelliusterol A (1, 26,27-bisnorcholest-5-en-23-yn-3 beta,7 alpha-diol), its corresponding 7-ketone, gelliusterol B (2, 26,27-bisnorcholest-5-en-23-yn-3 beta-ol-7-one), and gelliusterols C (4, cholest-5-en-23-yn-3 beta,7-one) and D (5, cholest-5-en-23-yn-3 beta,25-diol-7-one), were isolated from an unidentified species of sponge, Gellius sp. The structures of the steroids were established from spectroscopic data.     

总合草苔虫的化学成分研究

对采自深圳大亚湾的总合草苔虫Bugula neritinaL.中化学成分进行研究,从石油醚层和正丁醇层分离得到7个化合物。利用波谱分析和文献对照的方法,确定它们的结构分别为胆甾醇(Ⅰ);胆甾-4-烯-3-酮(Ⅱ);胆甾醇肉豆蔻酸酯(Ⅲ);3,β5,α9α-三羟基-(22E,24R)-麦角甾-7,22-二烯-6-酮(Ⅳ);3,β5,α6β-三羟基-(22E,24R)-麦角甾-7,22-二烯(Ⅴ);尿嘧啶(Ⅵ);胸腺嘧啶(Ⅶ)。其中化合物Ⅱ-Ⅶ为首次从总合草苔虫中分离得到。     

Plant anticancer agents XLIV. Cytotoxic constituents from Stizophyllum riparium

Bioactivity-guided fractionation of a CHCl3 extract of Stizophyllum riparium has afforded six new compounds, namely, the triterpene esters, 3 beta-hydroxy-24-transferulyloxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid, 3 beta-hydroxy-24-cis-ferulyloxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid, 3 beta, 19-dihydroxy-24-trans-ferulyloxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid, and the pregnane derivatives, 2 alpha, 3 beta, 12 beta-trihydroxypregna-4,7,16-trien-20-one, 2 alpha, 3 beta, 12 beta-trihydroxypregna-4,7-dien-20-one, and 16 alpha-methoxy-2 alpha, 3 beta, 12 beta-trihydroxypregna-4,7-dien-20-one. The structures of these isolates were established by spectroscopic and chemical methods. Compounds 1, 2, and 4 exhibited cytotoxic activity against the P-388 lymphocytic leukemia test system in cell culture.     

Bioactive ergost-5-ene-3 beta, 7 alpha-diol derivatives from Pseudobersama mossambicensis.

Bioactivity-directed fractionation of the methyl ethyl ketone extract of Pseudobersama mossambicensis resulted in the isolation of ergosta-5,24(28)-diene-3 beta,7 alpha-diol [1], 24,28-epoxyergost-5-ene-3 beta,7 alpha-diol [2], and ergost-5-ene-3 beta,7 alpha,24,28-tetraol [3]. All three sterols showed selective activity towards DNA repair-deficient yeast mutants. The sterol 1 also showed cytotoxicity towards wild-type P-388 murine leukemia cells. The isolation, structural elucidation, and biological activities of these sterols are reported. The sterol 3 is most probably an artifact formed from 2 during the isolation process.     

广西产美味猕猴桃根正丁醇部位化学成分研究

目的：研究广西产美味猕猴桃根正丁醇部位的化学成分。方法：应用色谱技术分离纯化，根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定化合物结构。结果：从美味猕猴桃根正丁醇部位中分离并鉴定了6个化合物，分别为毛花猕猴桃酸B(1)，2α，3β，24 -三羟基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸(2)，2α，3α，24 -三羟基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸(3)，2α，3α，23-三羟基-12，20(30)-二烯-28-乌苏酸(4)，2α，3α，24-三羟基-12，20(30)-二烯-28-乌苏酸(5)，正丁基-O-β-D-吡喃果糖苷(6)。结论：化合物1～4，6均为首次从该植物中分离得到，其中化合物6为首次从猕猴桃属植物中分得。     

Novel cytotoxic oxygenated C29 sterols from the Colombian marine sponge Polymastia tenax

Three new sterols, 5alpha,6alpha-epoxy-24R-ethylcholest-8(14)-en-3beta,7alpha-diol (1), 5alpha,6alpha-epoxy-24R-ethylcholest-8-en-3beta,7alpha-diol (2), and 3beta-hydroxy-24R-ethylcholesta-5,8-dien-7-one (3), have been isolated from the marine sponge Polymastia tenax, collected in the Colombian Caribbean, and their structures established on the basis of extensive NMR and MS studies. Compounds 1 and 2 showed antiproliferative activity toward A-549, HT-29, H-116, MS-1, and PC-3 tumor cells in the range 0.5-10 microg/mL.     

New 24-isopropylcholesterol and 24-isopropenylcholesterol sulfate from the marine sponge Epipolasis species

Two novel steroids, polasterol A (1) and polasterol B sulfate (2), along with two known compounds, 22(E),24-isopropylcholesta-5, 22-dien-3 beta-ol (3) and halistanol sulfate (4), have been isolated from the Japanese marine sponge Epipolasis sp. The structures of 1 and 2 were determined as 3 beta-hydroxy-24-isopropylcholesta-5, 22(E)-dien-7-one and 24xi-isopropenylcholesta-22(Z), 28(29)-diene-2 beta,3 alpha,6 alpha-triyl trisodium sulfate on the basis of spectroscopic investigations and a chemical conversion.     

蟾衣化学成分及体外抗肿瘤活性研究

目的:对源于蟾蜍的新资源蟾衣进行化学成分研究,并对蟾衣提取物及分离得到的主要化合物进行抗肿瘤活性评价.方法:蟾衣粗粉采用95％乙醇回流提取,提取物采用正相硅胶、反相硅胶和葡聚糖凝胶Sephadex LH-20柱色谱分离,结合结晶法对化合物进行纯化,通过波谱分析鉴定化合物的结构;采用MTT法对95％乙醇提取物及分离得到的主要化合物进行体外抗肿瘤活性评价.结果:从蟾衣95％乙醇提取物中分离鉴定了8个化合物,分别为棕榈酸胆甾烯酯(1),胆甾醇(2),5α,8α-epidioxycholesta-6-en-3β-ol(3),胆甾-5-烯-3β,7β-二醇(4),胆甾-7-烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇(5),3-十八烷氧基-1,2-丙二醇(6),△4,5(E),△9,10(Z)-鞘胺醇-正十五碳酸酰胺(7)和蟾蜍噻咛(8);抗肿瘤活性筛选表明,蟾衣95％乙醇提取物和分离得到的主要化合物对试验的细胞株均无抑制作用.结论:化合物1～8均为首次从蟾衣中分离得到,其中化合物3,5～7为首次从中华大蟾蜍和蟾蜍属中分离得到.     

Biotransformation of cycloartane-type triterpenes by the fungus Glomerella fusarioides

Biotransformation of three cycloartane-type triterpenes, cycloartenol (1), 24-methylenecycloartanol (2), and cycloartenone (3), by the fungus Glomerella fusarioides was studied. Compound 1 was converted to 3, cycloart-25-ene-3beta,24-diol (4), and cycloartane-3beta,24,25-triol (5). Compound 2 was metabolized to cycloeucalenol (6) and two new compounds, 24-methylcycloartane-3beta,24,24(1)-triol (7) and 24(1)-methoxy-24-methylcycloartane-3beta,24-diol (8). Compound 3 was converted into two new metabolites, 4alpha,4beta,14alpha-trimethyl-9beta,19-cyclopregnane-3,20-dione (9) and 25-hydroxy-24-methoxycycloartan-3-one (14), and four known compounds, viz., cycloartane-3,24-dione (10), 24-hydroxycycloart-25-en-3-one (11), (23E)-25-hydroxycycloart-23-en-3-one (12), and 24,25-dihydroxycycloartan-3-one (13). The structures of four new metabolites, 7, 8, 9, and 14, were established by spectroscopic methods.     

New cytotoxic oxygenated fucosterols from the brown alga Turbinaria conoides

Fucosterol (1), 24xi-hydroperoxy-24-vinylcholesterol (2), 29-hydroperoxystigmasta-5,24(28)-dien-3beta-ol (3), 24-ethylcholesta-4,24(28)-dien-3-one (4), 24xi-hydroperoxy-24-ethylcholesta-4,28(29)-dien-3-one (5), 24-ethylcholesta-4,24(28)-dien-3,6-dione (6), 24xi-hydroperoxy-24-ethylcholesta-4,28(29)-dien-3,6-di one (7), 6beta-hydroxy-24-ethylcholesta-4,24(28)-dien-3-one (8), and 24xi-hydroperoxy-6beta-hydroxy-24-ethylcholesta-4,28(2 9)-dien-3-one (9) were isolated from the marine brown alga Turbinaria conoides. The structures of these compounds were established by spectral analysis. Isolated for the first time from a natural source, the oxygenated fucosterols 4-9 exhibit cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines.     

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??OBJECTIVE To study the polar chemical constituents from Prunella vulgaris L.. METHODS Silica gel, reverse-phase octadecylsilyl (ODS), Sephadex LH-20 chromatographic methods, MCI and HPLC were applied to isolate and purify compounds. MS and NMR methods were used to determine the structures of the compounds. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of these chemical components for MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-10A cell lines was measured by MTT method. RESULTS A total of 12 compounds were isolated from the fruits of P. vulgaris and their structures were identified as methyl 3,4,??-trihydroxypropionate(1), danshensu (2), methyl rosmarinate (3), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (4), quercetin-3-O-glycopyranoside (5), hyperoside (6), 2??,3??,19??,24-tetrahydroxylurs-12-en-28-oic acid (7), 2??,3??,24-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (8), cytidine (9), daucosterol (10), (3S,5R,10S)-7-oxo-12-methoxyabieta-8,11,13-triene-3,11,14-triol (11), and 2??,3??,24-trihydroxyolean-12,20(30)-dien-28-oic acid (12). The results of antitumor assay indicated that compound 2, 3, 5 and 6 significantly inhibited the activity of MCF-7, compound 3 could inhibit the activity of MDA-MB-231, but all of them also significantly inhibited the activity of normal cell lines MCF-10A. CONCLUSION Compounds 9 and 11 are isolated from the genus of Prunella L. for the first time. Some chemical constituents form Prunella L. show certain anti-breast cancer activity.     

New taxanes from the needles of Taxus canadensis

Ten new taxanes were isolated from the methanol extract of the needles of the Canadian yew, Taxus canadensis. On the basis of their spectral analysis, their structures were established as 9alpha-hydroxy-2alpha,7alpha,10beta-triacetoxy-5alpha-cinnamoyloxy-3,11-cyclotaxa-4(20)-en-13-one (1), 9alpha,10beta-diacetoxy-5alpha-cinnamoyloxy-3,11-cyclotaxa-4(20)-en-13-one (2), 9alpha,20-dihydroxy-2alpha,10beta,13alpha-triacetoxytaxa-4(5),11(12)-diene (3), 2alpha,9alpha,10beta-triacetoxy-20-cinnamoyloxy-11,12-epoxytaxa-4-en-13-one (4), 9alpha-hydroxy-2alpha,10beta,13alpha-triacetoxy-5alpha-(3'-methylamino-3'-phenyl)-propionyloxytaxa-4(20),11-diene (5), 2alpha,10beta-diacetoxy-5alpha,9alpha-dihydroxytaxa-4(20),11-dien-13-one (6), 2alpha,9alpha-diacetoxy-5alpha,10beta-dihydroxytaxa-4(20),11-dien-13-one (7), 5alpha,9alpha-dihydroxy-2alpha,10beta,13alpha-triacetoxytaxa-4(20),11-diene (8), 5alpha,10beta-dihydroxy-2alpha,9alpha,13alpha-triacetoxytaxa-4(20),11-diene (9), and 7beta,11beta-dihydroxy-2alpha,9alpha,10beta,13-tetraacetoxy-5alpha-cinnamoyloxytaxa-4(20),12-diene (10). Taxane 1 is the first example of a 3,11-cyclotaxane with a 7-epi-alpha-oxygenated group. Taxane 4 is the first taxane with a C-11,12-epoxide ring as well as a C-4(5)-endo-double bond. Taxanes with a 12(13) double bond as in 10 instead of the usual 11(12) double bond have been found so far only in the needles, stem, and seeds of the Japanese yew.     

Chemical investigation and anti-inflammatory activity of Vitex negundo seeds.

The CHCl3 extract of the defatted seeds of Vitex negundo exhibited anti-inflammatory activity and yielded four triterpenoids: 3 beta-acetoxyolean-12-en-27-oic acid [1], 2 alpha, 3 alpha-dihydroxyoleana-5,12-dien-28-oic acid [2], 2 beta,3 alpha-diacetoxyoleana-5,12-dien-28-oic acid [3], and 2 alpha,3 beta-diacetoxy-18-hydroxyoleana-5,12-dien-28-oic acid [5]. This is the first report of the isolation of compounds 2, 3, and 5 from a natural source.     

New lanostanoid glycosides from the fruit body of laetiporus versisporus

Four new lanostanoid glycosides, 3beta, 7alpha-dihydroxy-24-methylene-lanost-8-en-21-oic acid 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1), 3beta,7alpha-dihydroxy-lanost-8, 24-dien-21-oic acid 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), 7alpha-hydroxy-3-keto-lanost-8,24-dien-21-oic acid 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3), and 7alpha-hydroxy-3-keto-24-methylene-lanost-8-en-21-oic acid 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4) were isolated from the fruit bodies of Laetiporus versisporus. Compounds 1-4 were named laetiposides A-D, respectively. Their structures were established by extensive NMR experiments and chemical methods.     

New lanostanoids, elfvingic acids A-H, from the fruit body of Elfvingia applanata

Eight new lanostanoids, 12alpha,15beta-dihydroxy-3,7,11,23-tetraoxolanost-8,(20Z)(22)-dien-26-oic acid (1), 7beta,8beta-epoxy-15beta,20S-dihydroxy-3,12,23-trioxolanost-9(11),16-dien-26-oic acid (2), 7beta,8beta-epoxy-3beta,15beta,20S-trihydroxy-12,23-dioxolanost-9(11),16-dien-26-oic acid (3), 7beta,8beta-epoxy-2alpha,3beta,15beta,20S-tetrahydroxy-12,23-dioxolanost-9(11),16-dien-26-oic acid (4), 7beta,8beta-epoxy-3beta,15beta,20S,28-tetrahydroxy-12,23-dioxolanost-9(11),16-dien-26-oic acid (5), 7beta,8beta-epoxy-3beta,15beta,19,20S-tetrahydroxy-12,23-dioxolanost-9(11),16-dien-26-oic acid (6), 8beta,15beta,20S-trihydroxy-3,7,12,23-tetraoxolanost-9(11),16-dien-26-oic acid (7), 7alpha,8alpha-epoxy-15beta,23xi-dihydroxy-12-oxo-3,4-secolanost-4(28),9(11),(20Z)(22)-trien-3,26-dioic acid (8), and the methyl ester of 8 (8a) were isolated from the fruit bodies of Elfvingia applanata. Their structures were established primarily by NMR experiments, and their biological activity against Kato III and Ehlrich cells was investigated.