供者外周血干细胞动员采集198例临床分析

 目的　研究外周血造血干细胞移植（PBSCT）供者外周血干细胞动员采集的方法及其效果。方法　198名健康供者每天皮下注射重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子（rhG-CSF）（5～10）μg／kg进行外周血干细胞动员,第5天开始采集。采用血细胞分析仪行单个核细胞（MNC）计数,流式细胞术（FCM）行CD+34 细胞计数。分析供者性别、身高、年龄、采集当天外周血白细胞（WBC）计数对动员采集效果的影响。结果　所有供者均成功动员采集,采集当天的MNC计数平均为（4.19±1.96）×108／kg,CD+34 细胞计数平均为（2.98±1.40）×106／kg;MNC和CD+34细胞计数与供者性别、身高、年龄无关;采集当天外周血WBC计数与MNC、CD+34 细胞计数呈正相关（r＝0.9201,P＝0.0035;r＝0.8420,P＝0.0149）;采集当天外周血WBC计数≥20.0×109／L的供者比＜20.0×109／L的供者采集效果更显著（F＝4.688,P＝0.0013;F＝4.622,P＝0.0006）。结论　rhG-CSF动员的健康供者采集当天外周血WBC计数是一项预测CD+34细胞采集数量的简单、可行的指标。     

正常供者外周血造血干细胞动员效果及影响因素

 目的　探讨粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）动员正常供者外周血造血干细胞的效果、毒副作用及影响因素。方法　对59名异基因造血干细胞正常供者采用G-CSF 皮下注射3 ~ 5 d,使用COBE Spectra血细胞分离机采集外周血干细胞,流式细胞术检测采集物中CD+34细胞数。结果　所有供者第一次采集的单个核细胞（MNC）及CD+34细胞量平均值分别为4.4（1.12～13.06）×108／kg供者体重及3.78（1.14～12.92）×106／kg供者体重。患者不良反应轻微。男性供者、年龄小于45岁者及采集前白细胞计数高者采集所得CD+34细胞数较高。结论　G-CSF作为正常供者动员剂安全有效。患者性别、年龄及采集前白细胞计数可作为预测因素。     

外周血CD_(34)~+细胞检测对外周血干细胞采集结果及时机选择的意义

 目的　研究外周血CD+34 细胞数对采集结果的意义,并探索可用于临床指导外周干细胞采集时机选择的参考阈值。方法　2007年1月至2009年12月共57例次自体造血干细胞移植动员采集患者,以环磷酰胺（CTX）化疗+粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）（5～10 μg／kg）动员,COBE分离仪（Spectra Version 6）行外周血造血干细胞采集,应用流式细胞术监测外周血中CD+34 细胞绝对计数。结果　采集产品单个核细胞（MNC）中位数4.6×108／kg（0.3×108／kg～10.5×108／kg）,CD+34 细胞中位数2.4×106／kg（0.16×106／kg～34.9×106／kg）,外周血CD+34 细胞数是产品MNC和CD+34 细胞总量唯一相关指标,外周血白细胞（WBC）与采集产品MNC和CD+34 细胞数无关。进一步分析提示外周血CD+34 计数≥15／μl,单次采集效率提高,CD+34 细胞采集量达1×106／kg和2×106／kg比例为81 %和60 %,采集产品MNC和CD+34 总数明显提高。提示外周血CD+34 细胞数15／μl可作为启动采集。ROC分析发现外周血CD+34 细胞 25（26.5～28.6）／μl,单次采集足量CD+34 细胞概率最大。结论　外周血CD+34 细胞计数是外周血自体干细胞采集重要的相关指标,CD+34 细胞 15／μl可作为采集时机选择的阈值。     

自体和供者外周血干细胞动员效果观察

 目的 探讨自体和供者外周血造血干细胞动员的方法及其效果。方法 自体干细胞移植者,采用化疗加G-CSF方案动员,WBC降至最低点又回升至2×109／L以上时,开始皮下注射G-CSF 5 μg·kg-1·d-1到采集结束前1天,采集日予地塞米松（DEX）10 mg／d。当WBC上升到>10×109／L时,用CS 3000 plus或MCS +血细胞分离机采集外周血干细胞,连续采集2 d。6名供者予G-CSF 10 μg·kg-1·d-1皮下注射共6 d,动员第5,6天采集外周血干细胞,采集当天清晨给予DEX 10 mg静脉滴注。结果 自体和供者均连续采集2次,采集单个核细胞（MNC）数分别为（3.72±2.17）×108／kg 和（6.07±1.64）×108／kg ,CD+34细胞总数分别为（6.22±2.38）×106／kg和（13.33±1.72）×106／kg。均无严重不良反应。结论 化疗联合G-CSF方案动员自体外周血干细胞和单用G-CSF进行供者干细胞动员是一种简便、经济、高效、低毒的方法。     

61例淋巴瘤患者自体外周血造血干细胞动员方案临床分析

  目的  比较化疗+G-CSF与化疗+G-CSF+GM-CSF方案对淋巴瘤患者外周血造血干细胞动员采集及造血重建的效果差异。  方法  回顾性分析2008年5月至2016年10月天津医科大学肿瘤医院血液科收治的61例行自体外周血造血干细胞移植（au-tologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation,APBSCT）的淋巴瘤患者,分别采用化疗+G-CSF或化疗+G-CSF+GM-CSF方案动员外周血造血干细胞的临床资料。分析动员采集效果及移植后造血重建、发热、抗生素应用等情况。  结果  动员期间所有患者白细胞计数均降至1.0×109/L以下,血小板计数降至40×109/L以下。化疗+G-CSF组患者采集CD34+细胞数的成功率明显低于化疗+G-CSF+GM-CSF组（52.5% vs. 90.5%,P=0.003）。所有患者移植后均顺利完成造血重建,无移植相关死亡。化疗+G-CSF组和化疗+G-CSF+GM-CSF组中性粒细胞、血小板恢复时间及回输后发热、抗生素使用情况差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。  结论  化疗+G-CSF+GM-CSF组动员CD34+细胞产率虽然明显高于化疗+G-CSF组,然而移植成功率、中性粒细胞恢复时间、血小板恢复时间及不良反应均无显著性差异,本研究认为化疗+G-CSF+GM-CSF动员方案并未优于化疗+G-CSF动员方案。      

环磷酰胺联合G-CSF动员慢性粒细胞白血病患者外周血造血干细胞

 目的 评价环磷酰胺（Cy）联合粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）动员慢性粒细胞白血病（CML）患者外周血造血干细胞的动员、采集效果及不良反应。方法 选择符合诊断的CML患者7例,无心、肺、肝、肾等重要脏器功能损害。动员方案为Cy+人基因重组粒细胞集落刺激因子（rhG-CSF）,于化疗后WBC降至1.0×109／L时开始用rhG-CSF,用CS3000 plus血细胞分离机采集干细胞,-80 ℃低温冰箱冻存,并作单个核细胞（MNC）计数及CD+34细胞测定。结果 Cy平均剂量为4.0（3.0 ~ 5.0）g,rhG-CSF的剂量均为300 μg／d,平均5.8（3 ~ 9）d;其中仅1例患者动员2次,余6例均动员1次;共采集2次,每次循环血量为10 ~ 13 L;采集的MNC达（2.94 ~ 5.45）×108／kg,CD+34细胞数达（2.15 ~ 6.59）×106／kg ;患者能耐受整个动员和采集过程,无一例因化疗的不良反应而中止动员;移植后全部患者均迅速恢复了造血功能。结论 Cy联合G-CSF的动员方案对CML患者是安全、有效的。     

低剂量粒细胞集落刺激因子动员健康供者造血干细胞的研究

 目的　探讨低剂量（5 μg·kg-1·d-1）粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）对健康供者CD+34细胞动员的效果及造血干细胞最佳采集时间。方法　对2006年2月至2009年4月108例健康供者给予G-CSF 5 μg·kg-1·d-1,在动员后的第4天至第6天收集标本,检测相应时间点的外周血白细胞（WBC）计数、采集物单个核细胞（MNC）计数、采集物中CD+34细胞的比例、粒-巨噬细胞集落形成单位（CFU-GM）培养。结果　动员后采集物中第4天至第6天CD+34细胞比例分别为（0.71±0.08）%、（1.09±0.09）%、（0.57±0.08）%,第4天至第6天CFU-GM产率分别为：（93.33±44.51）／105 MNC、（124.61±57.85）／105 MNC和（80.25±49.24）／105 MNC。CD+34细胞比例和CFU-GM产率均在第5天达到峰值（P＜0.05）,第4天次之（P＜0.05）,第6天再次之（P＜0.05）。动员后采集物中第4天至第6天CD+34细胞量分别为（3.33±1.36）×106／kg、（4.14±1.67）×106／kg、（2.79±1.47）×106／kg,第5天达到峰值（P＜0.05）,第4天次之（P＜0.05）,第6天再次之（P＜0.05）。108例供者采集2次（第4天、第5天）均可满足移植标准。所有供者均无严重不良反应发生。结论　单一低剂量G-CSF能够有效动员健康供者造血干细胞。动员后于第4、第5天行干细胞采集优于第5、第6天。     

紫杉醇联合重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子动员 乳腺癌患者外周血干细胞的效果及影响因素

 目的研究紫杉醇联合重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子（rhG-CSF）动员乳腺癌患者外周血干细胞（peripheral blood stem cell,PBSC）的效果及影响因素分析。方法2006年2月至2009年6月我科收治行紫杉醇动员的26例乳腺癌患者,紫杉醇（PTX,175 mg/m2 持续静脉滴注24 h）化疗后,白细胞降至1.0×109/L左右时使用rhG-CSF 5 μg /(kg·d) 动员至采集结束。并进一步分析患者年龄,化疗后白细胞最低数,采集前各类血细胞数,术后分期以及既往化疗等因素对采集单个核细胞（mononuclear cell,MNC）、CD34+细胞数的影响。结果白细胞计数于紫杉醇化疗后中位7d降至1.0×109/L 左右,皮下注射rhG-CSF中位4d进行外周造血干细胞采集,采集总MNC平均(7.89±1.45)×108/kg,采集总CD34+细胞平均(4.88±1.54)×106/kg。年龄与采集CD34+细胞数显著相关。而其他因素对MNC及CD34+细胞数均无显著影响（P>0.05）。所有患者均未出现严重不良反应。结论PTX（175 mg/m2 持续静脉滴注24h）联合rhG-CSF为转移性乳腺癌患者动员的有效安全方案。患者年龄显著影响CD34+细胞的采集数量。     

外周血造血干细胞的动员、采集和移植后造血重建

目的对13例健康供者及患者外周血造血干细胞的动员和采集效果进行分析。方法健康供者用rhG-CSF动员;患者采用强化疗加rhG-CSF或和rhGM-CSF动员,COBESpectro血细胞分离机全自动造血干细胞程序采集单个核细胞。结果13例移植中8例一次采集成功,1例(即首例)采集4次,余者采集2次。采集后的MNC6×108/kg～12×108/kg,CD3+4细胞3×106/kg～34×106/kg。移植后全部患者造血均获重建,异基因外周血造血干细胞移植一个月后DNA指纹图均提示植活。结论rhG-CSF可作为健康供者的安全有效动员剂,强化疗加rhG-CSF或/和rhGM-CSF是白血病、淋巴瘤自体外周血造血干细胞移植的有效动员方法之一。     

60例实体肿瘤患者外周血干细胞的动员和采集

目的:对60例实体肿瘤患者造血干细胞的动员和采集效果进行分析。方法:采用常规化疗联合造血因子动员剂方法动员肿瘤患者外周血干细胞,CS-3000plus血细胞分离仪和程控冷冻降温方法采集、冷冻保存干细胞。结果:60例患者平均年龄41岁(24～57),Ⅰ期3.4%,Ⅱ期25.0%,Ⅲ期38.3%,Ⅳ期33.3%;肿瘤负荷情况,CR46.6%,PR31.6%。平均采集次数2.6次,MNC5.6×108/kg,CFU-GM2.4×105/kg,BFU-E1.7×104/kg,CD34+10.1×106/kg,CFU-GM第1次收获率50.0%,第2次36.0%。各病种间除CD34+外均无统计学差异。恶性淋巴瘤组CD34+细胞数高于其他病种。一次动员成功率90.0%。干细胞冷冻复苏后平均MNC回收率77.0%,CFU-GM回收率69.0%,BFU-E回收率72.0%。各病种之间回收率无差异。结论:常规化疗联合造血干细胞因子是实体肿瘤外周血干细胞移植的一种有效动员剂。     

Circulating CD34+ counts and apheresis planning

The success of peripheral blood progenitor cell (PBPC) transplantation depends upon harvesting adequate numbers of cells and accurate prediction of when to commence apheresis. Although peripheral white cell count (WBC) is commonly used to identify when to initiate apheresis it does not uniformly predict the CD34+ content of the apheresis product nor the number of exchange procedures required. We investigated whether the peripheral blood CD34+ count would not only predict harvest yield but whether it would also predict the number of apheresis procedures needed to generate at least 2 x 10(6)/kg CD34+ cells. CD34+ counts were performed over an 8-month period on the peripheral blood and PBPC harvests of all patients undergoing leucopheresis. Regression analysis showed a highly significant correlation between peripheral blood CD34+ count and yield of CD34+ cells in the apheresis product. The regression plot with WBC was weaker. We have shown that a peripheral CD34+ count > or = 62 x 10(6)/l is required to confidently achieve an adequate harvest in one apheresis, two aphereses are needed if the initial count is > or = 40 x 10(6)/l. Therefore peripheral blood CD34+ counts not only are able to determine the threshold at which to commence apheresis but are useful in predicting apheresis requirements and planning demands on the apheresis service.     

Use of hematopoietic progenitor cell count on the Sysmex XE-2100 for peripheral blood stem cell harvest monitoring

Successful peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) collection depends on the timing of apheresis based on CD34+ cell enumeration. Because this analysis is expensive and induces organization difficulties, we evaluated hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) quantification on the Sysmex XE-2100 as a surrogate analysis. We tested 157 blood samples for CD34+ cells and HPC counts. We found a good linear correlation between HPC and CD34+ and determined simple rules allowing to use HPC count in daily practice. We set a positive cut-off >30 HPC/mm(3) for allowing PBSC harvest and a negative cut-off at 0 HPC/mm(3) for which collection should be delayed. These two situations accounted for 62% of cases and CD34+ cell count by flow cytometry confirmed HPC result in 95% of cases. Between 0 and 30 HPC/mm3, CD34+ enumeration is required for decision-making. We conclude that HPC count may be a useful surrogate for CD34+ enumeration in PBSC harvest monitoring.     

Hematopoietic progenitor cell collection and neoplastic cell contamination in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy plus granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) or G-CSF alone for mobilization

Background: We compared hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) collection and neoplastic cell contamination in breast cancer patients given cyclophosphamide (CTX) plus granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) or G-CSF alone for mobilization.Patients and methods: In 57 stage II–III breast cancer patients, CD34+ cells, colony-forming units-granulocyte macrophage (CFU-GM), early HPC and breast cancer cells were counted in HPC collections obtained after CTX plus G-CSF (n = 27) or G-CSF-alone mobilization (n = 30).Results: The CD34+ cell collection was about two-fold greater after CTX plus G-CSF mobilization (11.0 ± 7.9 vs. 5.8 ± 3.5 × 10⁶/kg, P < 0.001). Similarly, the total number of CFU-GM, CD34+CD38– cells and of week-5 cobblestone area forming cells (CAFC) collected was significantly higher in patients mobilized with CTX plus G-CSF. Breast cancer cells were found in the apheresis products of 22% of patients mobilized with CTX plus G-CSF and in 10% of patients mobilized with G-CSF alone (P = 0.36). Of seven patients who failed G-CSF-alone mobilization and eventually underwent chemotherapy plus G-CSF mobilization, none had cytokeratin-positive cells after G-CSF mobilization, whereas four out of seven had cytokeratin-positive cells after chemotherapy plus G-CSF (P = 0.07 by ² test).Conclusion: The CTX plus G-CSF mobilization protocol was associated with a significantly higher HPC collection. However, this benefit was not accompanied by a reduction in the incidence of tumor-contaminated HPC graft.     

自体外周血造血干细胞移植过程中淋巴细胞亚群和CD34+细胞变化的动态研究

目的动态观察动员、采集过程中外周血及造血干细胞中的淋巴细胞亚群和造血干细胞含量变化,及时指导临床选择最佳采集时机。方法 采用流式细胞术(FCM)测定大剂量化疗(HDC)联合重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(rhG-CSF)对47例恶性实体瘤患者自体外周血造血干细胞移植(APBSCT)过程中,外周血和外周血造血干细胞(PBPC)中的淋巴细胞亚群CD3、CD4、CD8、NK、CD19和造血干细胞CD34+及其亚群CD34+CD38-、CD34+ Thy1+、AC133+细胞含量的变化,同时用体外集落培养的方法评价干细胞克隆形成能力。结果 动员后外周血淋巴细胞亚群CD3、CD4、CD8、NK和CD19细胞含量均低于动员前,其中CD3、CD8含量明显低于基础状态(P=0.007,P=0.016),而动员后外周血中的CD34及其亚群含量均明显高于动员前(P<0.05)。动员后中位时间第16天(15～17 d)外周血中的CD34含量达到最高峰,且第1次采集物中的造血干细胞含量最高。PBPC中除CD4、CD4/CD8明显低于外周血外(P<0.000 5),其他淋巴细胞亚群含量与外周血比较无明显改变。外周血单个核细胞中CD34+细胞含量与PBPC中CD34+细胞、CD34+CD38-及粒/单系集落形成单位(CFU-GM)、红系爆式集落形成单位(BFU—E)均存在显著相关性(P<0.05),而与采集的单个核细胞(MNC)总数、CD34+Thy1+、AC133+细胞含量间无相关关     

Feasibility of ESHAP + G-CSF as peripheral blood hematopoietic progenitor cell mobilisation regimen in resistant and relapsed lymphoma: a single-center study of 22 patients.

The purpose was study the feasibility of ESHAP + G-CSF for peripheral blood hematopoietic progenitor cell (PBPC) mobilisation in resistant/relapsed Hodgkin's disease (HD) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Twenty-two consecutive patients with HD (8) and N-HL (14) received ESHAP chemotherapy and G-CSF (5 microg/Kg/d). When a minimum number of 10,000 peripheral blood CD34+ cells/mL was observed patients underwent leukapheresis until a CD34+ cell dose > or = 2.5x10(6)/Kg was collected or the PBPC peak was lost. Blood cells kinetics and toxicity were analysed. Data concerning the day of first apheresis, number of procedures per patient, and cellular yield of the aphereses were recorded. Correlation between the CD34+ cell content in the apheresis product and the two diagnosis groups was attempted. Twelve patients (54%) developed short-lived severe neutropenia (<0.5x10(9)/L). Thrombocytopenia (<25x10(9)/L) had a median duration of 1 day. Fever appeared in 4 patients and CN Staph bacteriemia in 2 cases. Bleeding events did not supervene and no deaths occurred. Aphereses started at day +15 (median) and the median number of apheresis/patient was 2. Seventeen patients underwent 1 or 2 leukaphereses. Thirteen patients (59%) achieved the CD34+ cell target in the first apheresis. NHL patients obtained statistically significant better CD34+ cell collections than HD. Only 2 HD patients failed to mobilise, 1 previously treated with high-dose therapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation. ESHAP + G-CSF has been shown to be feasible for PBPC mobilisation in resistant/relapsed lymphoma. Toxicity was low and CD34+ cell yield high, especially in N-HL. This mobilisation regimen should be further explored in a larger patient population.     

自体造血干细胞移植治疗多发性骨髓瘤动员方案的研究进展

骨髓瘤患者动员造血干细胞失败的因素包括高龄、疾病状态、以前使用过美法仑、化疗次数、经历过放疗、采集前外周血CD34+细胞数低。常用的动员方案包括粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）、化疗联合G-CSF,一些研究显示后者动员效果可能好于前者,但毒副作用也增加。应依据患者的疾病状态和身体状况选择合适的动员方案。普乐沙福是一种新型动员剂,可用于动员失败的高危患者,能获得良好的动员效果。目前,一些含新动员剂的方案正在临床试验中。     

Efficacy of first-line bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin chemotherapy for peripheral blood stem cell mobilization in patients with germ cell cancer

Background We assessed the efficacy of first-line bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP) chemotherapy for the mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) in patients with testicular cancer, and analyzed the predictive factors indicating the optimal time of PBSC harvest. Patients and Methods A total of 29 aphereses, performed during first-line BEP chemotherapy between 1994 and 1996 for 10 patients with metastatic germ cell cancer were analyzed. The predictive value for the optimal time of PBSC harvest was determined by analysis of the correlation between the rate of each cellular component in peripheral blood, and the number of CD34-positive cells harvested. Results The median number of CD34-positive cells obtained at a single apheresis was 11.2×10⁶/kg (range, 0.14 to 47.9×10⁶/kg), and the median cumulative number of CD34-positive cells collected during first-line BEP chemotherapy per patient was 31.9×10⁶/kg (range, 9.7 to 75.5×10⁶/kg). The percentage of immature leukocytes (myelocytes plus metamyelocytes) was significantly correlated with the number of harvested CD34-positive cells. Conclusion Adequate amounts of CD34-positive cells can be harvested during first-line BEP chemotherapy for patients with germ cell cancer. The monitoring of the percentage of immature leukocytes might be useful in ascertaining the optimal time of apheresis.     

Factors associated with successful mobilization of progenitor hematopoietic stem cells among patients with lymphoid malignancies

PurposeThis study's main aim was to assess the effect of 2 mobilization regimens (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor [G-CSF] and chemotherapy vs. G-CSF alone) on the yield of CD34⁺ cells in the apheresis components of patients with lymphoid malignancy. We also sought to identify possible predictors of CD34⁺ cell yield in the apheresis components.Patients and MethodsCD34⁺ cells were mobilized and harvested from 89 patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 62) or Hodgkin disease (n = 27). Forty-one patients (46.1%) were mobilized with G-CSF, and 48 (53.9%) were mobilized with chemotherapy and G-CSF. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to examine potential predictors of the CD34⁺ cell yield (collection of > 2.7 > 10⁶ cells/kg), such as the number of peripheral CD34⁺ cells, age, sex, diagnosis, disease stage, weight, bone marrow status at baseline, mononuclear cells, white blood cells, and platelet counts.ResultsThe median patient age was 41 years (range, 12-66 years), and the median patient weight was 72 kg (range, 44-123 kg). Mobilization of peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPCs) was superior when using chemotherapy and G-CSF versus G-CSF alone (3.6 > 10⁶ cells/kg vs. 2.2 > 10⁶ cells/kg; P = .001). CD34⁺ cell counts and platelet counts in the peripheral blood significantly correlated with CD34⁺ yield (P < .01 and P = .009, respectively). The yield was also significantly affected by weight, diagnosis, mobilization regimen, and baseline bone marrow status (P = .021, P = .05, P = .002, and P = .043, respectively).ConclusionMany factors influence harvesting of PBPCs, including diagnosis, bone marrow status at baseline, patient weight, and the type of mobilization regimen. The number of CD34⁺ cells in the peripheral blood can be used to predict the timing of apheresis and optimize yield.