The effectiveness of biomechanical taping and Kinesiotaping on shoulder pain,active range of motion and function of participants with Trapezius Myalgia: A randomized controlled trial

BackgroundTrapezius Myalgia (TM) is characterized by shoulder pain and dysfunction. Kinesio Taping is commonly used in symptom management of TM. Biomechanical Taping (BMT), a novel intervention, may provide equally effective management.ObjectivesThis paper reports on the effectiveness of Biomechanical Taping compared with Kinesio Taping in improving shoulder pain, active range of motion (AROM), and function.MethodsTwo groups of participants with TM were recruited through simple random sampling of participants from nine call centers and purposively-sampled participants from one fast-food chain and one community based rehabilitation center in Manila, Philippines. Participants were randomly allocated to either Kinesio Taping or biomechanical taping group in a double-blind clinical trial. Irrespective of the type of taping, participants performed gentle passive stretching of upper trapezius for six times each held for 30 s on Days 1, 3, and 5. On Days 2 and 4, participants performed gentle passive stretch of upper trapezius three times a day. Pre- and post-intervention measures were taken of Visual Analogue Scale for pain intensity, AROM for shoulder movement, and Disability of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand for function.ResultsOf 68 participants, 62 had shoulder symptoms secondary to TM. Similar significant within group improvements were found for Visual Analogue Scale scores, and Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand for biomechanical taping and Kinesio Taping interventions when comparing between group results (p < 0.05).ConclusionBiomechanical Taping appears to be as effective as Kinesio Taping in the short term in decreasing pain and improving function of individuals with TM. Both taping techniques did not restrict shoulder AROM of included participants.Mesh TermsAthletic Tape, Myalgia, Pain Measurements, Shoulder PainNon-Mesh TermsBiomechanical Taping Technique     

Six-day course of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation plus occupational therapy for post-stroke patients with upper limb hemiparesis: A case series study

Purpose.?To clarify the safety and feasibility of a 6-day protocol of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with intensive occupational therapy (OT) for upper limb hemiparesis.

Methods.?In-hospital combination treatment was provided for 5 post-stroke patients with upper limb hemiparesis after more than 12 months of the onset of stroke. Over 6 consecutive days, each patient received 10 sessions of combination treatment with 1?Hz rTMS and intensive OT (one-on-one training and self-training). Motor function in the affected upper limb was evaluated by Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT), Ten-Second Test at admission, discharge, and 4 weeks after treatment.

Results.?All patients completed the 6-day treatment protocol and none showed any adverse effects throughout the treatment. At the end of treatment, improvements in the scores of FMA, WMFT, and Ten-Second Test were found in all patients. No deterioration of improved upper limb function was observed at 4 weeks after the treatment.

Conclusions.?Our proposed protocol of combination treatment seems to be safe and feasible for post-stroke patients with upper limb hemiparesis, although the efficacy of the protocol needs to be confirmed in a large number of patients.     

运动想象结合运动再学习疗法对脑梗死偏瘫患者上肢功能恢复的影响

目的探讨运动想象结合运动再学习方法对脑梗死偏瘫患者上肢功能恢复的影响。方法将132例脑梗死偏瘫患者随机分为运动想象组(68例)和对照组(64例),2组患者均接受神经内科常规药物治疗和运动再学习治疗,运动想象组同时采用运动想象训练。以Fugl-Meyer运动功能评分法(FMA)、改良Barthel指数法(MBI)对2组患者治疗前、后上肢功能及日常生活活动能力进行评定。结果运动想象组FMA和MBI 2次评定分别为(12．37±5．42)分、(43．24±5．27)分和(41．93±8．86)分、(75．86±9．45)分,对照组分别为(13．29±6．13)分、(32．28±5．54)分和(42．98±6．49)分、(57．89±16．52)分,2组相比,运动想象组患者上肢功能及日常生活活动能力改善优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0．01)。结论运动想象结合运动再学习有利于提高脑梗死偏瘫患者上肢的综合能力。     

Kinesio Taping effects with different directions and tensions on strength and range of movement of the knee: a randomized controlled trial

Objective

To evaluate the Kinesio Taping effects with different directions and tensions on the strength of rectus femoris and range of movement of the knee in healthy individuals, but with a muscle imbalance caused by exposure to a continuous vibration.

运动再学习方法在偏瘫患者上肢功能恢复中的应用

目的 探讨运动学习方法对偏瘫患者上肢功能恢复的影响。方法 将60例偏瘫患者随机分为运动再学习组和对照组，2组患者均接受电脑中频和促通技术，以Fugl-Meyer平分法，Barthel指数进行治疗前，后评定。结果 运动再学习组患者上肢功能，日常生活自理能力改善及上肢合并症减少，与对照组相比，有显著性差异（P＜0．01）。结论 运动再学习方法有利于提高偏瘫上肢的综合能力，减少并发症的发生。     

Combined somatosensory and motor training to improve upper limb function following stroke: a systematic scoping review

Purpose: The purpose of this systematic scoping review was to (1) identify combined somatosensory and motor training interventions for the upper limb and their training components, and (2) review the efficacy of the combined interventions.

Methods: Participants were adults post-stroke with somatosensory and/or movement deficits in the upper limb. All studies with interventions combining somatosensory and motor training and targeting the affected upper limb were included. Outcome measures were assessments of somatosensory and/or motor impairment and upper limb function.

Results: Ten studies (n?=?219) were included, comprising three randomized controlled trials, two pre-post studies with non-randomized comparison groups, three single-case experimental studies, and two case reports. There was heterogeneity across studies with regards to intervention contents and dosage, participant characteristics, and outcome measures. The interventions included combinations of tactile stimulation/discrimination, proprioceptive stimulation/discrimination, haptic object discrimination/recognition, movement training, and functional training. Only one group study, a non-randomized controlled study with multiple active components and the largest dose of treatment, found significant improvements in fine motor and somatosensory measures. Some improvements were found in case studies.

Conclusion: There was little consistency across ‘combined somatosensory and motor training’ interventions and few have been rigorously tested for efficacy across somatosensory, motor and functional outcomes.     

Effects of Kinesio Taping on peak torque and muscle activity in women with low back pain presenting fears and beliefs related to physical activity

BackgroundKT is an elastic taping that has been widely used as an adjunct to conventional physiotherapy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of Kinesio Taping on peak torque, muscle fatigue index and muscle activity of erector spinae in women with low back pain presenting fears and beliefs related to physical activity.MethodsThis is a pilot controlled clinical trial. The subjects were divided into two groups according to the Fear Beliefs Avoidance Questionnaire (FABQ): Group A (Patients with no fears and/or beliefs related to physical activity) and Group B (Patients with fears and/or beliefs related to physical activity). The Kinesio Taping was applied in "I" in order to facilitate erector spinae. An isokinetic dynamometer and a surface electromyography were used to evaluate the outcomes. The evaluations were performed without and with the KT.ResultsSample of 16 women equally divided into two groups with similar characteristics regarding age, weight, height, body mass index, functional capacity and pain levels in the evaluations without and with Kinesio Taping. There were within-groups and between-groups differences in the peak torque (p ≤ .05), with better results in the Group B. No differences were found on muscle fatigue index and muscle activity in both groups (p > .05).ConclusionIt was concluded that Kinesio Taping had immediate effects in the peak torque of the erector spinae of women with nonspecific chronic low back pain presenting fears and beliefs related to physical activity. It is suggested that such results occurred by placebo effect.NCTRBR-5xh3ch     

改良强制性运动疗法联合低频重复经颅磁刺激对脑卒中患者偏瘫上肢运动功能的影响

目的:探讨改良强制性运动疗法联合健侧1 Hz重复经颅磁刺激对脑卒中患者偏瘫上肢运动功能恢复的影响。方法:选择2020年5月至10月复旦大学附属金山医院收治的脑卒中患者90例,随机分为对照组(n=30)、改良组(n=30)和联合组(n=30)。对照组给予常规康复训练,改良组在常规康复训练基础上增加改良强制性运动疗法,联合组在常规康复训练基础上给予改良强制性运动疗法联合1 Hz重复经颅磁刺激治疗。于治疗前、治疗4周后采用Fugl-Meyer上肢运动功能评定量表(Fugl-Meyer assessment scale of upper extremity, FMA-UE)评估患者偏瘫上肢运动功能,并同时检测患侧中枢运动传导时间(central motor conduction time, CMCT)。结果:治疗后,对照组、改良组和联合组的FMA-UE评分由(25.97±5.83)分、(25.47±6.96)分和(26.10±5.29)分提高至(32.77±7.68)分、(38.07±8.16)分和(42.17±7.89)分(P0.001);CMCT由(11.78±0.44)ms、(11.62±0.45)ms和(11.78±0.40)ms缩短至(10.91±0.44)ms、(10.58±0.60)ms和(10.19±0.67)ms(P0.001)。联合组各项指标改善最显著(P0.001)。结论:改良强制性运动疗法联合低频重复经颅磁刺激可协同提高脑卒中患者患侧大脑皮质兴奋性,促进半球间平衡重建,有助于患侧皮质脊髓束功能修复,进而改善偏瘫上肢运动功能。     

The evaluation of non-use of the upper limb in chronic hemiparesis is influenced by the level of motor impairment and difficulty of the activities–proposal of a new version of the Motor Activity Log

ABSTRACT

This study aims to evaluate the influence of the degree of difficulty of the activities in Motor Activity Log (MAL) scores for patients with mild, moderate, and severe hemiparesis, and to estimate the correlation between motor impairment levels of hemiparesis and MAL scores in post-stroke patients. Sixty-six patients with chronic hemiparesis (49 with mild–moderate hemiparesis, and 17 with severe hemiparesis) were evaluated by the Fugl–Meyer upper-limb section and versions of MAL for different degrees of motor impairment. The Rasch model was used to analyze the level of difficulty of the activities of the different versions of MAL. The Spearman’s correlation tested the relationship between the Fugl–Meyer Assessment upper-limb section and MAL. The MAL version, developed to evaluate patients with severe hemiparesis, does not contain the easier activities as employed by the Rasch analysis. There was positive correlation between the Fugl–Meyer Assessment upper-limb section scores and Amount of Use of the three versions of the MAL (r = 0.76, 0.78, and 0.77). The difficulty of the activities seems to influence the quantity and quality of use of the affected upper limb in individuals with chronic hemiparesis. A new version of MAL is proposed for individuals with severe motor impairment.     

运动想象联合优化运动技能训练干预脑卒中后上肢功能障碍的效果

目的:探讨运动想象联合优化运动技能训练干预脑卒中后上肢功能障碍的临床效果.方法:76例脑卒中后上肢功能障碍患者按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各38例,2组均接受常规康复治疗,对照组在常规康复治疗后进行运动想象训练,观察组在常规康复治疗基础上予以运动想象联合优化运动技能训练.治疗前后用表面肌电信号(sEMG)测定患侧...     

Effectiveness of a home-based exercise program among patients with lower limb spasticity post-stroke: A randomized controlled trial

PurposeTo evaluate the effectiveness of advanced practice nurse–guided home-based rehabilitation exercise program (HREPro) among patients with lower limb spasticity post-stroke.MethodsThis randomized controlled study recruited 121 patients with lower limb spasticity post-stroke. Intervention (n = 59) and control (n = 62) groups underwent 12-month HREPro and conventional rehabilitation, respectively, after discharge. The Fugl–Meyer assessment of spasticity measurement, modified Ashworth scale of motor function, 10-Meter Walk Test of walking ability, and Barthel index of activities of daily living (ADL) were evaluated at 0, 3, 6, and 12 months after discharge.ResultsSignificant differences were found in spasticity degree, motor function, walking ability, and ADL at 6 and 12 months after discharge between the control and intervention groups. Lower limb spasticity and ADL in the intervention group were significantly improved.ConclusionHREPro is effective for rehabilitation of patients with lower limb spasticity post-stroke and has favorable home application.     

A critical review of shoulder subluxation and its association with other post-stroke complications

Abstract

Objectives: Shoulder subluxation affects up to 81% of patients with stroke and has been the subject of clinical research studies for decades. Despite this, its role in upper limb recovery is poorly understood. Subluxation has been linked to other post-stroke complications such as pain, restricted range of motion, poor motor recovery and reflex sympathetic dystrophy. The aim of the present study is to synthesise research findings on the association between subluxation and other post-stroke complications.

Methods: A critical review of the relevant literature was undertaken.

Results: The association between shoulder subluxation and post-stroke complications is equivocal. The majority of studies were found to have methodological limitations such as heterogeneous patient recruitment criteria, small sample sizes, lack of a standardised definition of subluxation and the use of varied and insensitive clinical measures of assessment.

Discussion: Although the association between subluxation and post-stroke complications is uncertain, when present in combination, these complications could have a significant impact on upper limb function. Early rehabilitation programmes which target shoulder muscle function may be the best approach to the prevention of secondary complications and the facilitation of motor recovery in the upper limb. Future longitudinal studies with more homogenous samples are needed. These should consider assessing patients at multiple times and follow them up for at least 1 year. The use of prediction models would allow understanding of a causal association between subluxation and other post-stroke complications. This would inform the effective rehabilitation of upper limb dysfunction in patients with stroke.     

肌内效贴对脑卒中患者肩关节半脱位后肩痛的疗效观察

目的:观察肌内效贴对脑卒中患者偏瘫侧肩关节半脱位后肩痛的疗效。方法:56例脑卒中肩关节半脱位后肩痛患者,按照随机数字表法分为治疗组与对照组(各28例),两组患者均实施常规康复治疗及宣教,治疗组在此基础上结合肌内效贴干预。分别于治疗前和治疗6周后通过X线测量法测量肩峰与肱骨头间距(AHI)、肩关节视觉模拟评分(VAS)疼痛、Fugl-Meyer上肢功能评分、肩痛侧腋神经及肌皮神经的运动神经传导测定,对两组治疗结果进行疗效评价。结果:治疗前,两组患者AHI值、VAS评分、Fugl-Meyer上肢功能评分无明显差异(P0.05),且检测所有患者肩痛侧腋神经(刺激部位:Erb点;记录部位:三角肌)及肌皮神经(刺激部位:Erb点;记录部位:肱二头肌)后发现两组中某些患者肌皮神经(30例,53.57%)、腋神经(31例,55.36%)波幅明显低于正常值,而潜伏期轻度延长或正常(提示轴索损伤)。两组治疗6周后,治疗组各项评分改善优于对照组(P0.05)且无不良事件发生。结论:在常规康复治疗的基础上,肌内效贴在脑卒中患者偏瘫侧肩关节半脱位后肩痛早期防治中,具有良好的疗效,其相应机制有待进一步研究。     

针刺联合肌内效贴治疗周围性面神经炎的疗效观察

目的:观察针刺联合肌内效贴治疗周围性面神经炎的临床疗效。方法:将80例周围性面神经炎患者按随机数字表法分为治疗组(针刺联合肌内效贴组)和对照组(单纯针刺组),两组患者均接受常规药物治疗。两组患者治疗前,治疗后2周、4周采用House-Brackmann面神经分级标准给予评定,并在治疗前后采用中文版FaCE量表评价面神经麻痹患者的生存质量。结果:治疗后2周、4周,两组House-Brackmann评分均较治疗前改善(P0.05),且治疗组优于对照组(P0.05)。治疗4周后两组FaCE量表比较,两组评分均较治疗前提高,差异有显著性意义(P0.05),与对照组相比,治疗组对于改善面部运动、面部感觉、口腔功能、泪液分泌、社会功能等方面疗效更为明显(P0.05),对于改善眼睛感觉,治疗组与对照组疗效相当,差异无显著性意义(P0.05)。结论:针刺联合肌内效贴能进一步改善患者面神经功能,提高患者生存质量。     

运动想象联合改良强制性运动疗法对脑卒中患者上肢运动功能的影响

目的:探讨运动想象疗法联合改良强制性运动疗法对脑卒中患者上肢运动功能的影响.方法:将首发脑卒中患者40例随机分为研究组和对照组,每组各20例.对所有患者进行常规康复训练和改良强制性运动疗法,前者2次/d,30min/次;后者1次/d,1h/次,均5d/周,共4周.研究组患者在此基础上,另外进行4周的运动想象疗法,20m...     

Effects of mental practice on affected limb use and function in chronic stroke

OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of a mental practice (MP) protocol in increasing the function and use of the more affected limb in stroke patients. DESIGN: Randomized, controlled, multiple baseline, pre-post, case series. SETTING: Outpatient rehabilitation hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Eleven patients who had a stroke more than 1 year before study entry (9 men; mean age, 62.3+/-5.1 y; range, 53-71 y; mean time since stroke, 23.8 mo; range, 15-48 mo; 10 strokes exhibiting upper-limb hemiparesis on the dominant side) and who exhibited affected arm hemiparesis and nonuse. INTERVENTION: All patients received 30-minute therapy sessions 2 days a week for 6 weeks. The sessions emphasized activities of daily living (ADLs): 6 subjects randomly assigned to the MP condition concurrently received sessions requiring daily MP of the ADLs; 5 subjects (control group) received an intervention consisting of relaxation techniques. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The Motor Activity Log and Action Research Arm (ARA) test. RESULTS: Affected limb use as rated by MP patients and their caregivers increased (1.55, 1.66, respectively), as did patient and caregiver ratings of quality of movement (2.33, 2.15, respectively) and ARA scores (10.7). In contrast, the controls showed nominal increases in the amount they used their affected limb and in limb function. A Wilcoxon test on the ARA scores revealed significantly ( P =.004) greater changes in the MP group's scores. CONCLUSIONS: Participation in an MP protocol may increase a stroke patient's use of his/her more affected limb. Data further support that the protocol resulted in correlative, MP-induced, motor function improvements. The mechanisms whereby MP increases affected arm use are unknown. Perhaps using the more affected limb becomes more salient through MP, or perhaps motor schema are altered during MP to integrate limb use.     

肌内效贴结合镜像疗法对卒中后咽期吞咽障碍患者的疗效观察

目的:探索肌内效贴结合镜像神经元激活训练对卒中后咽期吞咽障碍患者的疗效观察。方法:将60例脑卒中后存在咽期吞咽障碍的患者随机分成3组各20例。每组均进行常规吞咽治疗30min,在常规治疗基础上,对照组另外接受肌内效贴扎治疗,在对照组基础上,观察1组另外接受观察静态食物图片人工音治疗,观察2组接受镜像观察动态吞咽视频声音治疗,每次训练20min,每天1次,每周5d,共持续4周。在治疗前、治疗后分别使用功能性经口摄食量表(FOIS)、洼田饮水实验(WST)、进食评估问卷调查(EAT-10)评估患者的吞咽功能,治疗后用WST分级结果进行总有效率比较。结果:治疗后3组患者FOIS评分较治疗前均提高(P<0.05),观察2组FOIS评分较对照组、观察1组提高(P<0.05)。治疗后3组WST分级、EAT-10评分均有降低(P<0.05),且观察2组较对照组、观察1组降低更明显(P<0.05)。总有效率比较,观察2组较对照组及观察1组有效率显著提高(P<0.05),观察1组与对照组比较有效率差异无统计学意义。结论:肌内效贴扎治疗的同时,予以镜像观察吞咽相关的动作视频及声音刺激,对脑卒中后咽期吞咽障碍患者有明显改善作用。     

功能强化训练结合肌电生物反馈对急性脑卒中患者上肢功能的影响

目的:观察肌电生物反馈电刺激联合上肢功能强化训练对急性脑卒中患者上肢功能障碍的疗效。方法:将60例脑卒中偏瘫患者随机分为观察组和对照组各30例。2组均给予常规康复治疗和上肢功能强化训练,观察组在此基础上给予肌电生物反馈电刺激治疗。2组患者于治疗前和治疗4周后进行Brunnstrom分级上肢评定、简化Fugl-Meyer上肢功能评定(FMA)、功能独立性评定(FIM)、肩外展及腕背伸主动活动范围(AROM)测定、主动肩外展和腕背伸时三角肌和桡侧腕长伸肌等长收缩的肌电积分值(IEMG)测定。结果:经治疗后,2组患者Brunnstrom分级、FMA评分、FIM评分,肩外展AROM、腕背伸AROM、IEMG值均高于组内治疗前(P<0.05),其中观察组各项评分均更高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:肌电生物反馈电刺激结合功能强化训练能有效改善急性脑卒中偏瘫患者上肢运动功能,降低患者神经缺损程度,提高日常生活活动能力。     

重复经颅磁刺激联合反复促通疗法对脑卒中患者上肢运动功能康复的疗效观察

目的：观察重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS）联合反复促通疗法（川平疗法）对脑卒中患者上肢运动功能康复的临床疗效。方法：将70例符合入选标准的脑卒中患者随机分为对照组与观察组,每组35例。对照组患者接受常规康复治疗及频率为1Hz的rTMS治疗;观察组在此基础上再增加反复促通疗法;均连续接受4周的治疗,并在治疗前、治疗结束后分别采用Fugl-Meyer上肢部分（FMA-UE）、改良Ashworth（MAS）量表及改良Barthel指数（MBI）对患者上肢运动功能进行评定。结果：治疗4周后,2组患者FMA-UE及MBI评分较治疗前均有升高（P<0.05）、MAS评分较治疗前均有降低（P<0.05）,且观察组各项评分指标均优于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：重复经颅磁刺激联合反复促通疗法对脑卒中患者疗效更佳,可明显促进患者上肢运动功能康复、提高患者日常生活活动能力。     

Botuloscope: 1-year follow-up of upper limb post-stroke spasticity treated with botulinum toxin

BackgroundBotuloscope is a cohort study supported by a French public grant and aiming to evaluate a 1-year treatment of the post-stroke spastic upper limb with botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) in terms of individual satisfaction with respect to personalized goals and quality of life.MethodsThis was an open-label prospective, multicentric study (11 French centres) that followed 330 adults [mean (SD) age 53.7 (13.7) years] over 1 year; participants had ranked 5 therapeutic goals at inclusion [mean (SD) 5.1 (7.3) years post-stroke], had severe hemiparesis [median motricity index (MI) 40 (Q1–Q3 24 to 60)], and were assessed at inclusion (M0) and at month 3 (M3) and M12. Outcome criteria were: spasticity, range of motion, pain [visual analog scale (VAS)], motor function [Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS)] and activities (MI; Frenchay Arm Test), and overall satisfaction with the achievement of each goal (VAS) and quality of life (Reintegration to Normal Life Index). Criteria at M0 and M12 were compared. Adverse effects were also collected, as were medication changes.ResultsThe primary goal was comfort and activities for 63% of participants and motor function for 36%. Participants underwent a mean of 2.4 injection sessions, 19% causing adverse effects. The greatest spasticity attenuation occurred with wrist flexors (median decrease in MAS −2 [Q1–Q3; −2 to −1], P < 10⁻³). Fewer individuals took oral anti-spastic drugs (56% at M12 vs 50% at M0; P < 10⁻²). Range of motion increased by 16°, on average (13 to 19; P < 10⁻³) for wrist extension. Pain prevalence decreases at rest (29% at M0 vs. 19% at M12; P < 10⁻⁴) and during mobilization (64% vs. 43%; P < 10⁻⁴), and fewer participants took analgesics (25% vs. 17%; P < 10⁻³). Satisfaction was high for the goals “hand hygiene” and “pain release” and moderate for “improvement in upper limb function”. However, function was more improved for participants who selected this goal as the first priority than others (P < 10⁻²). Overall, 22% had the goal “improving gait and balance”, which was reasonably achieved at M12. Quality of life improved markedly [median 8 (4 to 11) vs. 6 (3 to 10); P < 10⁻⁴]. Prevalence of complete dissatisfaction with the first objective was 10% to 15%.ConclusionThis is the first long-term follow-up of BoNT-A treatment for upper limb spasticity involving a large cohort independent of industry. Quality of life was improved by treating upper limb spasticity with BoNT-A, even at 5 years post-stroke. Personalizing objectives of the treatment amplified its efficacy. BoNT-A was a powerful analgesic when pain was spasticity-related. Treating the spastic upper limb also improved balance and gait abilities.