氟比洛芬酯与帕瑞昔布钠对股骨骨折切开复位术后镇痛效果的比较

目的比较氟比洛芬酯与帕瑞昔布钠对股骨骨折切开复位术后镇痛效果的差异。方法入选2018年1月至2019年1月的股骨骨折患者100例,均接受切开复位手术治疗,依据术后镇痛药物应用情况分为A组与B组,A组给予氟比洛芬酯镇痛治疗,B组采用帕瑞昔布钠镇痛治疗,分别于给药后4h,8h,12h,24h应用VAS法测定镇痛效果,并比较两组的镇痛效果。结果给药后4h时,A组的VAS评分明显低于B组,差异有统计学的意义(P0.05)。8h,12h,24h时,B组的VAS评分均明显低于A组,差异均有统计学的意义(P0.05)。结论氟比洛芬酯与帕瑞昔布钠均可对股骨骨折切开复位术后进行有效镇痛,氟比洛芬酯起效快,帕瑞昔布钠作用时间长。     

帕瑞昔布钠应用于重症肌无力胸腺切除术后镇痛的效果

目的评价帕瑞昔布钠用于重症肌无力患者胸腺切除术后镇痛的效果。方法选择行胸腺切除术的重症肌无力患者157例,分为曲马朵组(51例,术后给予肌肉注射曲马朵1.0².0 mg·kg-1)、氟比洛芬酯组(53例,术后予以静脉缓慢滴注0.82.0 mg·kg-1)、氟比洛芬酯组(53例,术后予以静脉缓慢滴注0.8¹.0 mg·kg-1氟比洛芬酯)和帕瑞昔布钠组(53例,术后予以静脉缓慢滴注0.61.0 mg·kg-1氟比洛芬酯)和帕瑞昔布钠组(53例,术后予以静脉缓慢滴注0.6¹.0 mg·kg-1帕瑞昔布钠),对3组患者术后1、2、6、12、24 h的静息及运动视觉模拟评分(VAS)、平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)、呼吸频率(RR)、血氧饱和度(SpO2)及不良反应发生率进行比较分析。结果氟比洛芬酯组及帕瑞昔布钠组术后1、2、6、12、24 h的静息及运动VAS评分、MAP、HR、RR显著低于曲马朵组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。帕瑞昔布钠组患者术后1、2、6、12、24 h的静息及运动VAS评分均显著低于氟比洛芬酯组(P<0.05)。氟比洛芬酯组及帕瑞昔布钠组的不良反应发生率均显著低于曲马朵组(P<0.05),且帕瑞昔布钠组的不良反应发生率显著低于氟比洛芬酯组(P<0.05)。结论重症肌无力患者胸腺切除术后采用帕瑞昔布钠进行镇痛,其镇痛时效显著优于氟比洛芬酯及曲马朵,且镇痛药物剂量小,术后不良反应率低。     

氟比洛芬酯与帕瑞昔布钠用于腹腔镜手术后镇痛的观察

目的 观察和比较氟比洛芬酯与帕瑞昔布钠用于腹腔镜手术后镇痛的效果.方法 择期全麻下行腹腔镜手术患者90例随机分为三组,全麻诱导和维持方法 相同,手术结束前15min,A组(对照组)不用任何镇痛药物;F组(氟比洛芬酯组)静注氟比洛芬酯1 mg/kg;P组(帕瑞昔布钠组)静注帕瑞昔布钠40 mg.记录三组术后1h、2h、4h、8h、12h的VAS评分及观察恶心、呕吐、嗜睡、呼吸抑制、瘙痒等不良反应的发生情况.结果 F组和P组患者术后各时点的VAS评分显著低于A组(P<0.01),P组患者术后各时点的VAS评分明显低于F组(P<0.05).结论 氟比洛芬酯与帕瑞昔布钠均可有效的减轻腹腔镜手术后的疼痛,且不良反应少,帕瑞昔布钠的镇痛效果优于氟比洛芬酯.     

帕瑞昔布钠不同给药方式对乳腺癌改良根治术患者术后吗啡用量的影响

目的:观察帕瑞昔布钠不同给药方式对乳腺癌改良根治术患者术后吗啡镇痛的影响。方法:择期行乳腺癌改良根治术患者60例,年龄45～69岁,ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级,随机分为2组(n=30):帕瑞昔布钠超前镇痛组(A组)和帕瑞昔布钠常规镇痛组(B组)。静脉注射咪达唑仑、丙泊酚、舒芬太尼、维库溴铵麻醉诱导,吸入七氟烷,间断给予舒芬太尼或维库溴铵维持麻醉。A组切皮前15 min静脉注射首剂帕瑞昔布钠40 mg,手术结束前30 min静脉注射0.9%氯化钠注射液2 ml,间隔12 h后静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠40 mg;B组切皮前15 min静脉注射0.9%氯化钠注射液2 ml,手术结束前30 min静脉注射首剂帕瑞昔布钠40 mg,间隔12 h后静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠40 mg。术毕两组患者均采用吗啡患者自控镇痛,记录术后2、4、8、12、24 h的视觉模拟评分(VAS),24 h按压总次数和有效按压次数,术后24 h吗啡用量和不良反应发生情况。结果:与B组比较,A组术后各时点VAS评分差异均无统计学意义,24 h总按压次数和有效按压次数均明显减少,术后24 h吗啡用量减少(P<0.05),两组患者术后不良反应发生无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:帕瑞昔布钠联合吗啡多模式超前镇痛对乳腺癌改良根治术患者术后镇痛,可减少吗啡用量,有利于患者恢复。     

帕瑞昔布钠与氟比洛芬酯用于耳鼻喉科术后镇痛效果的观察

目的 比较帕瑞昔布钠与氟比洛芬酯用于耳鼻喉科手术后的镇痛效果.方法 全麻下耳鼻喉科手术患者60例,分为A、B、C组(每组20例),手术结束前10～20min,A组静注生理盐水10ml,B组静注帕瑞昔布钠40mg,C组静注氟比洛芬酯100mg.观察术后2、4、8、12和24h VAS评分,术后24h镇痛的补救措施、满意度和不良反应.结果 与A组相比,B组和C组术后2、4、8和12h VAS评分降低(P<0.05),与B组相比,C组在各时间点差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后24h满意度提高(P<0.05),3组不良反应发生差异无统计学意义(P>O.05).结论 术毕前静注帕瑞昔布钠40mg和氟比洛芬酯100mg可以减轻耳鼻喉科病人术后疼痛.     

帕瑞昔布钠用于脊柱矫形术后镇痛的临床观察

目的观察帕瑞昔布钠用于脊柱侧凸矫形术后多模式镇痛的临床效果。方法 50例脊柱侧凸患者随机分为帕瑞昔布钠组（P组）和对照组（C组）。P组手术开始前30 min给予帕瑞昔布钠40 mg（氯化钠注射液稀释至2 ml）静脉注射,手术结束后48 h内,每12 h给予帕瑞昔布钠40 mg静脉注射。C组在相同时间给予等剂量的0.9%氯化钠注射液2 ml。P组和C组手术结束后均给予自控式镇痛泵（patient-controlled infusion analgesia,PCIA）。术后2、6、12、24、48h分别对两组进行疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）及镇痛满意度评价,自控式镇痛泵（PCIA）按压次数、不良反应发生情况、凝血变化比较。结果术后P组6、12、24、48 h VAS评分,按压总次数和舒芬太尼使用量均低于C组,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。两组术后镇痛满意度差异有统计学意义。不良反应发生率、凝血功能变化差异无统计学意义。结论帕瑞昔布钠作为镇痛复合用药,可有效提高脊柱矫形术后的镇痛质量,节俭其他镇痛药物。     

帕瑞昔布钠超前镇痛在鼻内镜手术中的应用

目的：观察帕瑞昔布钠应用于鼻内镜手术超前镇痛的可行性。方法：选择择期鼻内镜手术患者63例,随机分为帕瑞昔布钠组和对照组。帕瑞昔布钠组在麻醉诱导时静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠40 mg（溶于0.9%氯化钠溶液10 mL）;而对照组在相应时间内注射0.9%氯化钠溶液10 mL。分别在麻醉苏醒拔除气管导管后0.5、2、6、24 h用视觉模拟评分法（visual analogue scale,VAS）进行疼痛评分并记录手术相关并发症及药物不良反应。结果：两组患者的VAS评分在0.5 h及24 h差异无统计学意义,而在2 h和6 h时的评分差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,帕瑞昔布钠组低于对照组。结论：帕瑞昔布钠超前镇痛能缓解鼻内镜术后2～6 h疼痛程度,并降低手术并发症发生率。帕瑞昔布钠单次静脉注射行超前镇痛未见严重不良反应,安全性高。     

帕瑞昔布钠用于泌尿外科腹腔镜术后镇痛效果的观察

目的 观察帕瑞昔布钠用于泌尿外科腹腔镜术后镇痛的效果及不良反应. 方法 40例AsA Ⅰ-Ⅲ级的患者行择期泌尿外科腹腔镜手术,随机分为两组:氟比洛芬酯组(Ⅰ组,n=20):手术结束后2h静脉给予氟比洛芬酯100mg,随后100mg/12h持续3天;帕瑞昔布钠组(Ⅱ组,n=20):手术结束后2b静脉给予帕瑞昔布钠40mg,随后40mg/12h持续3天.观察两组术后2h、4h、16h、24h、48h的VAS评分及恶心、呕吐等不良反应的发生率. 结果 两组患者术后2h的VAS评分平均值在4-5分之间,其他时间点在0～3分的范围.两组术后VAS评分的差异无统计学意义. 结论 帕瑞昔布钠可以有效缓解中等程度的术后疼痛且不良反应的发生率低,是泌尿外科腹腔镜手术较为理想的术后镇痛药物.     

两种非甾体类镇痛药对老年妇瘤腹腔镜手术术后疼痛及认知功能影响的临床研究

目的 比较氟比洛芬酯和帕瑞昔布钠对老年妇科腹腔镜手术后疼痛及认知功能的影响.方法 择期全麻气管插管下行腹腔镜手术的老年女性患者80例,随机分为4组:F1组全麻插管后给予氟比洛芬酯50 mg,F2组术毕前30 min给予氟比洛芬酯50 mg,P1组全麻插管后给予帕瑞昔布钠40 mg,P2组术毕前30 min给予帕瑞昔布钠40 mg,每组20例.所有患者均采用常规麻醉诱导及术中维持,术后连接相同配方的静脉镇痛泵转入麻醉恢复室.记录各时点的HR、MAP,记录术后6h、12h及24 h的VAS疼痛评分以及各组拔管后10 min的Ramsay镇静评分和Riker-SAS躁动评分,记录术前,术后24 h、72 h的认知功能障碍情况.结果 术后6h的VAS评分F2和P2组明显低于F1和P1组(P＜0.05),P1和P2组的VAS评分在术后12h低于F1和F2组,4组患者术后24 h的VAS评分差异无统计学意义(P＜0.05).与术前24 h比较,4组患者术后24 h的MMSE评分均下降,差异有统计学意义(P＜ 0.05);与F2和P2组比较,F1和P1组24 h时MMSE评分升高,术后72 h内POCD发生率较低(P＜0.05).结论 两种非甾体类镇痛药均可以降低POCD的发生率,在插管后给予帕瑞昔布钠用于术后镇痛更趋于合理.     

帕瑞昔布和塞来昔布在脊柱融合术后镇痛效果比较

目的比较塞来昔布和帕瑞昔布在腰椎融合术后的镇痛效果。方法 120例腰椎融合术患者随机分为3组：A组给予帕瑞昔布,B组给予塞来昔布,C组给予0.9%氯化钠注射液。所有患者术前1 h、术后12、24 h给药,观察术后1、6、12、24 h的视觉模拟疼痛评分（visual analog score,VAS）、吗啡消耗量及不良反应的发生情况。结果 A组吗啡用量在6、12、24h低于B组和C组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,B组低于C组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）（A组平均为8.1mg、11.0mg、13.73 mg;B组平均为11.4 mg、18.2 mg,25.28 mg;C组平均为16.3 mg、25.4 mg、37.5 mg）。A组VAS评分在1、6、12 h低于B组和C组,差异有统计学意义,B组在6 h低于C组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）（A组平均为5.4,4.3,3.5;B组平均为7.1,5.2、4.4;C组平均为7.3,6.2,4.7）。3组在镇静状态方面差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,其他不良反应之间差异无统计学意义。结论术前给予帕瑞昔布比塞来昔布能够更有效地减少术后吗啡用量和降低VAS评分。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.