颈胸段脊柱转移瘤的手术疗效及生存率

[目的]探讨颈胸段脊柱(CTJS)转移瘤的手术疗效、生存情况以及影响转移瘤预后的相关因素。[方法]回顾北京大学第三医院2011年1月～2014年12月收治的CTJS转移瘤患者30例。共采用两种手术方式:12例肿瘤切除术;18例姑息性手术。采用VAS评分、ECOG评分、Frankel分级对疼痛、功能状况和脊髓功能进行评价,采用Kaplan-Meier法评估生存时间。对影响转移瘤预后的多种因素进行COX比例风险模型生存分析。[结果]肿瘤切除组手术时间显著长于姑息性手术组[(317.23±61.87) min vs(190.36±38.31) min,P0.05];肿瘤切除组术中出血量显著多于姑息性手术组[(1 691.77±411.92) ml vs(1 011.13±223.68) ml,P0.05]。两组患者术后的VAS评分、ECOG评分均有改善(P0.05);26例术前脊髓功能障碍者,术后21例(80.77%) Frankel分级获得改善至少一个等级。肿瘤切除组中位生存时间21.00个月,1年生存率66.67%;其中5例原发肿瘤恶性程度中-低度、脊柱孤立性转移的患者术后中位生存期44.00个月。相比之下,姑息性手术组中位生存时间15.50个月,1年生存率55.56%(P0.05)。多因素COX比例风险模型生存分析结果显示原发肿瘤恶性程度和内脏转移情况影响患者的生存(P0.05)。[结论]原发肿瘤恶性程度和内脏转移情况影响转移瘤患者的生存。对原发肿瘤恶性程度为中-低度、局部控制好的脊柱孤立性转移瘤行肿瘤切除临床效果满意。     

老年脊柱转移瘤行姑息减压术的疗效与生存率的探讨

目的分析姑息减压手术应用于老年脊柱转移瘤中的临床疗效和生存率。方法根据患者预生存期以及一般身体情况选择行姑息减压手术的为观察组,行肿瘤切除手术为对照组,比较患者术后的临床疗效、视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评分、Frankel分级、ECOG评分,采用Kaplan-Meier法对患者的生存率进行评估。结果观察组术前存在脊髓功能障碍的患者术后81.5%Frankel分级有改善,对照组为80.0%,两组发生神经功能恶化的例数分别为18例与10例,中位时间为6个月与13个月。结论姑息减压术手术时间短、术中出血量少、并发症较少、手术风险少,对于一般情况较差,预估生存期小于半年的老年脊柱转移瘤患者是一种有价值的治疗方法。     

肺癌脊柱转移手术治疗和放射治疗的临床分析

[目的] 对比分析肺癌脊柱转移患者手术治疗和放射治疗的临床疗效.[方法] 回顾性分析2004年6月～2010年12月肺癌脊柱转移患者24例.男14例,女10例;年龄40～ 65岁,平均53.4岁.放射治疗组15例,其中4例联合化疗、2例联合靶向治疗;手术治疗组9例,均为开放手术且应用脊柱内固定,其中2例患者联合化疗、3例联合靶向治疗,治疗后对患者进行随访并进行生存分析,术前、术后1个月及术后3个月应用视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)评估疼痛,术前、术后3个月分别应用Frankel分级对脊髓损伤进行评估,应用卡式(Karnofsky,KPS)评分系统对功能状态进行评分.[结果]随访2～16个月,平均随访8.3个月.放疗组平均生存时间7.7个月,中位生存时间为7.0个月;手术治疗组平均生存时间为9.3个月,中位生存时间为8.4个月,手术治疗组生存时间较放疗组无统计学差异(P＞0.05);对治疗前、后1、3个月疼痛VAS评分进行统计学分析,手术治疗组和放疗组治疗后疼痛缓解程度较治疗前均具有统计学意义,并且手术治疗组治疗后1、3个月疼痛缓解程度均优于放疗组,具有统计学意义(P＜0.01);手术治疗组术后3个月Frankel分级D、E级比例由术前的77.8％提高到88.9％,放疗组由治疗前的66.7％提高到73.3％;手术治疗组KPS评分80 ～ 100分比例较治疗前提高22.2％,放疗组提高13.3％.手术治疗组脊髓损伤和功能状态缓解程度均优于放疗组.[结论]肺癌脊柱转移患者采取手术治疗与放射治疗相比,能够延长生存时间,但无统计学差异,同时应用手术治疗后能够明显减轻疼痛、改善功能、提高生存质量.     

肾透明细胞癌脊柱转移的手术效果及生存期相关因素研究

【摘要】 目的：探索肾透明细胞癌脊柱转移的手术治疗效果以及生存期相关因素。方法：回顾2008年1月～2019年12月于我科行手术治疗的肾透明细胞癌脊柱转移患者45例,其中男性34例,女性11例,平均年龄60.1±7.6岁,平均病程为4.3±4.4个月（1~24个月）。术前Frankel分级E级25例,D级17例,C级1例,B级2例。术前伴有内脏转移10例,伴有其他骨转移16例。按手术方式分为肿瘤切除组和姑息减压组,肿瘤切除组包括肿瘤减灭术和全脊椎切除术。统计手术出血量及手术相关并发症,对所有患者进行随访,根据患者的生存状态分为终点组（已去世）和随访组（仍存活）,记录随访组患者的疼痛缓解情况、生活自理能力、神经功能评估及随访前半年内的影像学复查结果。通过Kaplan-Meier法估算中位生存期并获得生存曲线。将可能影响患者生存期的因素进行单因素分析,将单因素分析中有统计学差异的因素纳入多因素COX回归分析。结果：随访时间均为12个月以上,末次随访时仍有30例患者存活（随访组）,平均随访时间为36.7±31.6个月,手术后的中位生存期为81.0个月,术后1年生存率为84.4%,术后2年生存率为78.6%,术后3年生存率为70.2%。随访组患者术前和随访时的NRS评分平均值分别为6.0±2.4分（1~10分）和2.9±2.7分（0~8分）,19例患者与术前相比疼痛明显缓解（NRS评分降低3分以上）。术前和随访时的KPS评分平均值分别为71.3±14.3分（30~90分）和70.0±12.2分（40~90分）。29例患者随访时的Frankel分级为D级以上,其中6例获得改善,14例保持不变。单因素分析中颈椎转移（P=0.040）、内脏转移（P=0.018）、术后放疗（P=0.027）和术后靶向治疗（P=0.018）对术后生存期的影响有统计学意义,肿瘤切除组的患者预后优于姑息减压组,多因素分析的结果无统计学意义。结论：手术后局部放疗和全身靶向治疗的多学科综合治疗可以提高肾透明细胞癌脊柱转移患者的生存期,手术治疗可以缓解疼痛,保护神经功能,从而提高生活质量。     

经皮椎体成形术与开放性手术治疗脊柱转移瘤

【摘要】 目的：探讨经皮椎体成形术（PVP）与开放手术治疗脊柱转移瘤的手术适应证、临床疗效、并发症及外科治疗方式的选择。方法：2004年4月～2011年4月行手术治疗并获得随访的脊柱转移瘤患者共177例,根据手术方法不同分为两组,对原发瘤切除后的孤立转移者,或肿瘤进入椎管压迫脊髓、神经根者,以及脊柱严重不稳者行开放性手术治疗,共87例;对无明显脊髓或神经根受压者,不适宜开放手术者行经皮椎体成形术治疗,共90例。采用VAS评分、ECOG评分、Frankel分级对两组患者的疼痛、功能状况和脊髓功能进行评价;使用Kaplan-Meier法评估两组患者生存率。结果：PVP组共治疗242个椎体,基本无出血,中位手术时间70min;术后2d时VAS评分即有显著降低,并持续至术后1、3、6个月;ECOG评分在术后1周和3个月时均有显著降低;除了无症状的骨水泥渗漏（91/242）外,未发生神经损伤或肺栓塞等严重并发症;中位生存时间为16个月。开放手术组中位手术时间240min,中位出血量1600ml;术后1个月时VAS评分显著降低,并持续至术后3、6个月;ECOG评分在术后1个月和3个月均有显著降低;术前47例有脊髓功能障碍患者中有39例术后Frankel分级得到提高（83%）;29%运动功能完全丧失患者（4/14）和60%运动功能不完全丧失患者（20/33）的神经功能完全恢复;术后17例出现并发症（19.5%）,并发症发生率高,围手术期死亡3例（3.4%）;中位生存时间为11个月。结论：经皮椎体成形术对于椎体转移瘤所导致的疼痛和轻中度不稳定是一种安全有效的微创治疗,应作为一线的姑息治疗方法;开放手术应限于原发瘤切除后的孤立转移有硬膜压迫或严重脊柱不稳定的患者。     

放射介入、姑息手术以及姑息手术联合125Ⅰ粒子植入治疗晚期胰腺癌临床疗效比较

目的探讨放射介入、姑息手术以及姑息手术联合125Ⅰ粒子植入3种方法治疗晚期胰腺癌的疗效.方法1994年3月～2005年10月,我院对103例无法切除的胰腺癌分别行放射介入(经肝穿刺置管内引流组,15例),胆肠、胃肠吻合术(姑息手术组,60例)及姑息手术同时行超声引导下125Ⅰ粒子植入治疗(姑息手术联合125Ⅰ粒子植入组,28例).结果姑息手术联合125Ⅰ粒子植入组术前的疼痛的21例术后疼痛部分缓解率及完全缓解率分别为14.3%(3/21)及76.2%(16/21),显著高于其他2组(x2=6.305,P=0.012;x2=4.525,P=0.033).姑息手术联合125Ⅰ粒子植入组的中位生存时间(8个月)显著长于姑息手术组(7个月)及经肝穿刺置管内引流组(2个月)(P=0.0005).结论对于不能耐受手术的晚期胰腺癌可行经肝穿刺置管内引流治疗,姑息手术联合125Ⅰ粒子植入治疗在延长生存期的同时可明显缓解患者的疼痛.     

精准减压和非融合技术与传统融合手术治疗老年节段性腰椎管狭窄的短期临床效果比较

[目的]探讨经后路腰椎管精准减压和脊柱非融合(Wallis棘突间动态内固定)技术治疗老年节段性腰椎管狭窄症的术后短期临床效果及其与传统广泛减压融合手术的比较.[方法]回顾分析2008年1月～2010年12月在解放军空军总医院行手术治疗的L4、5节段椎管狭窄症的46例老年患者,其中接受后路腰椎管精准减压和脊柱非融合技术治疗的25例,后路椎管广泛减压和脊柱融合手术的21例.测量精确减压非融合组25例患者手术节段(L4、5)和邻近节段(L3、4、L5S1)椎间隙与椎间孔高度并自身比较.记录所有患者术前、术后3d,术后1、6个月Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评分和疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS);手术切口大小、手术时间长短、术中出血量及术后下床时间并组间比较.记录所有患者术中、术后并发症.[结果] 25例患者均在完成精准腰椎管减压后顺利置入Wallis系统实现脊柱非融合.术中、术后未发生手术相关并发症.所有患者术后临床症状均有缓解,术后3d,术后1、6个月时ODI评分和VAS评分与术前比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).与广泛减压融合组相比,两组ODI评分及VAS评分改善率组间比较无明显差异(P＞0.05).精确减压非融合组术后1、6个月邻近节段(L3、4、L5S1)椎间隙与椎间孔高度与术后3d比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).与传统广泛减压融合手术相比,精确减压非融合手术手术切口小、手术时间短、术中出血量少、术后下床时间短且术中、术后并发症少(P＜0.01).[结论]腰椎管精准减压和脊柱非融合(Wallis棘突间动态内固定)技术是治疗老年节段性单节段腰椎管狭窄的一种安全面有效的手术方法.     

脊柱肿瘤患者流行病学及术后生存状况分析

[目的]总结分析2000年1月～2007年1月于上海长征医院脊柱外科行手术治疗的原发或转移性脊柱肿瘤患者流行病学特征和术后生存状况.[方法]选取所有符合条件患者的病历及随访资料作为研究对象.收集的资料包括性别、年龄、肿瘤类型/原发肿瘤类型、肿瘤部位、术后生存时间.分为原发脊柱肿瘤和转移性脊柱肿瘤两组.[结果]入选371例患者,其中原发组170例(45.8％),转移组201例(54.2％).原发脊柱肿瘤组中,男性101例(59.4％),女性69例(40.6％);年龄范围(10～81)岁,平均年龄(43.6±16.5)岁.转移性脊柱肿瘤组中,男性126例(62.7％),女性75例(37.3％);年龄范围21～87岁,平均年龄(53.6±10.5)岁.原发组中骨巨细胞瘤和脊索瘤最多,各35例,各占20.6％.转移组患者中肺癌、肝癌和甲状腺癌例数占前三位,分别为66例(32.8％)、42例(20.9％)、23例(11.4％).两组患者肿瘤侵犯部位及频率大体相近,但原发组肿瘤侵犯骶骨和寰枢椎的较转移组多.截止到2010年6月30日,原发组最短术后生存时间为14个月,最长为121个月,中位生存时间为71.7个月,5年期生存率为50％;转移组最短生存时间为3个月,最长生存时间为67个月,中位生存时间为28.4个月,3年期生存率为37％.[结论]两组患者的年龄差异有统计学意义,原发脊柱肿瘤组患者的年龄分布更广,且平均年龄更小.原发组患者术后生存时间远长于转移性组患者.手术治疗原发性脊柱肿瘤效果显著.对于转移性脊柱肿瘤患者来说,外科手术是一种对症的姑息治疗,延长转移癌患者的生存时间、改善其生命质量的关键在于针对原发肿瘤的综合治疗.     

经皮椎体成形术与开放性椎体成形术治疗脊柱转移瘤

目的:探讨经皮椎体成形术与开放性椎体成形术在脊柱转移瘤治疗中的临床应用。方法 :对2012年1月至2016年3月行手术并获得随访的126例脊柱转移性肿瘤患者进行回顾性分析,126例患者依据手术方式不同分为两组,转移性肿瘤进入椎管压迫脊髓、神经根的患者,行开放性手术治疗(开放手术组,43例);无明显脊髓或神经根受压,或不适宜开放手术者行经皮椎体成形术治疗(PVP组,83例)。采用VAS评分、ECOG分级、Frankel分级分别对患者的疼痛、功能状况和脊髓功能进行评价;出院后每3个月门诊随访1次,行X线、CT或MRI检查,每次随访均进行疼痛、神经功能和活动能力的评估。结果:PVP组治疗112个椎体,基本无出血,中位手术时间50 min;术后2 d时VAS评分即有显著降低,并持续至术后1个月;ECOG分级在术后1个月时有显著降低;除了无症状的骨水泥渗漏(44/112)外,未发生神经损伤或肺栓塞等严重并发症;中位生存时间为16个月。开放手术组中位手术时间160 min,中位出血量1 000 ml;术后1个月时VAS评分显著降低;ECOG分级在术后1个月有显著降低;术前41例有脊髓功能障碍患者中有36例术后Frankel分级得到提高(87.8%);40例运动功能不完全丧失患者中有29例完全恢复(76.3%)。术后12例出现并发症(27.9%),中位生存时间为11个月。结论 :对脊柱转移瘤患者选择合适方式的椎体成形术可以有效重建脊柱稳定性,减轻疼痛,提高患者的生活质量。     

脊柱转移性肿瘤的手术疗效及生存危险因素分析

目的 探究脊柱转移肿瘤手术对改善疼痛及神经功能的临床疗效,并对可能影响脊柱转移瘤病人生存的危险因素进行分析。方法 选取我院2010年6月至2018年12月期间接受脊柱外科手术（后路脊柱肿瘤刮除椎弓根螺钉减压内固定术、椎体成形术、射频消融术）的45例脊柱转移性肿瘤病人进行回顾性分析。术前应用Tomita评分、改良Tokuhashi评分对病人进行术前评估。术后应用疼痛视觉模拟量表（visual analogue scale, VAS）及Frankel分级对病人疼痛的改善及神经功能恢复情况进行评估。对转移性脊柱肿瘤病人的生存时间进行单因素分析,纳入的变量包括性别、BMI、手术年龄是否大于60岁、原发肿瘤的恶性程度、原发肿瘤手术治疗、肿瘤的位置、转移瘤的数目、是否存在病理性骨折、术前Frankel分级、术中出血量、术前ECOG评分。根据单因素分析的结果进一步进行Cox生存分析。结果 45例均接受了脊柱转移瘤手术并获得随访,随访时间为2~80个月,中位随访时间为9个月。与术前相比,术后的生活质量有明显的改善,疼痛VAS评分明显下降（P＜0.001）,神经功能Frankel等级明显改善（P＜0.001）。转移性脊柱肿瘤病人术后1、2年生存率分别为（54±8）%、（46±10）%,而是否存在病理性骨折（HR=2.5,P=0.043）是影响此研究预后的独立危险因素。结论 外科手术治疗可以明显改善病人的疼痛水平、生活质量与神经功能状态,而术前是否存在病理性骨折是影响转移性脊柱肿瘤病人生存预后的主要因素。     

Complication, survival rates, and risk factors of surgery for metastatic disease of the spine.

STUDY DESIGN: The risk factors for complications and complication and survival rates in patients with metastatic disease of the spine were reviewed. A retrospective study was performed. OBJECTIVES: To determine the surgical complication and survival rates of patients with metastatic disease of the spine and risk factors for complication occurrence. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The role of surgical intervention for patients with metastatic disease of the spine has been controversial. Several risk factors for surgical complications have been identified. Short survival times and high complication rates have failed to justify surgical intervention in many cases. METHODS: Patients (n = 80) undergoing surgical treatment for metastatic disease of the spine were reviewed. Surgical indications included progressive neurologic deficit, neurologic deficit failing to respond to, or progressing after, radiation treatment; intractable pain; radioresistant tumors; or the need for histologic diagnosis. Patients underwent anterior, posterior, or combined decompression and stabilization procedures. Neurologic examination was recorded before surgery, postoperative period, and at least follow-up. Complication and survival rates were calculated. Several variables were examined for risk of complication. RESULTS: The mean age at time of surgery was 55.6 years (range, 20-84 years). Mean survival time after the diagnosis of spinal metastasis was 26.0 months (range, 1-107.25 months). Mean survival time after surgery was 15.9 months (range, 0.25-55.5 months). Sixty-five patients showed no change in Frankel grade, 19 improved one Frankel grade, and 1 deteriorated one Frankel grade; 1 patient had paraplegia. Thirty-five complications occurred in 20 patients (25.0%). Ten patients (12.5%) had multiple complications accounting for 23 of the 35 postoperative problems (65.7%). Sixty patients had no surgical complications (75%). There were no intraoperative deaths. CONCLUSIONS: The likelihood that a complication occurred was significantly related to Harrington classifications demonstrating significant neurologic deficits and the use of preoperative radiation therapy. In general, Harrington classifications with neurologic deficits and lower Frankel grades before and after surgery were associated with an increased risk of complication. Overall, the major complication rate was relatively low, and minor complications were successfully treated with minimal morbidity. The relatively long survival time after spinal surgery in this group of patients justifies surgical treatment for metastatic disease. Most complications occurred in a small percentage of patients. To minimize complications, patients must be carefully selected based on expected length of survival, the use of radiation therapy, presence of neurologic deficit, and impending spinal instability or collapse caused by bone destruction.     

Bilateral transpedicular decompression and Harrington rod stabilization in the management of severe thoracolumbar burst fractures.

Fifty-eight patients with severe thoracolumbar burst fractures were treated with bilateral transpedicular decompression, Harrington rod instrumentation, and spine fusion. Spinal realignment and stabilization was achieved by contoured dual Harrington distraction rods supplemented by segmental sublaminal wiring. Posterior element fractures were noted in 25 patients, 9 of whom had associated dural tears. Computed tomography was performed to assess the cross-sectional area of the spinal canal before surgery and after decompression. Patients at initial evaluation averaged greater than 67% spinal canal compromise. After surgery, successful decompression was accomplished in 57 patients. One patient required staged, anterior thoracoabdominal decompression and fibula strut grafting. At follow-up (average, 43 months; range, 25-70 months), neurologic improvement was found in 77% of the patients who initially presented with neurologic deficits. Thirty-four of 40 patients with incomplete paraplegia improved one or more subgroups on the Frankel scale. A solid fusion was attained in all 58 patients. No patient had a significant residual kyphotic deformity. Single-stage bilateral transpedicular decompression and dual Harrington rod instrumentation reliably provides decompression of the spinal canal and restores spinal alignment. The procedure allows early mobilization and provides an environment for solid fusion and maximum neurologic return.     

乳腺癌脊柱转移瘤术后转归及预后因素分析

目的探讨乳腺癌脊柱转移瘤患者术后功能转归及影响术后生存期的预后因素。方法对2010年1月—2015年5月于解放军第307医院接受手术治疗的65例乳腺癌脊柱转移瘤患者临床资料进行回顾性分析。患者分为脊髓压迫(SCC)组(29例)和无脊髓压迫(NSCC)组(36例)。评价患者疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分、体力状态美国东部肿瘤协作组(ECOG)评分、神经功能Frankel分级改善情况,探讨手术方式、系统内科治疗、患椎辅助放疗、术前内脏转移、术后运动功能状态(Frankel分级)、术前体力状态(ECOG评分)和受累椎体数目对术后生存期的影响。结果SCC组患者VAS评分由术前(5.7±1.4)分降至术后(2.0±0.9)分,NSCC组患者VAS评分由术前(6.2±1.5)分降至术后(2.1±1.2)分;各组术前与术后比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。SCC组15例(52%)术后神经功能Frankel分级获得改善,14例(48%)维持不变;术前无行走能力的18例患者中11例(61%)术后重新获得行走能力。多变量Cox分析显示系统内科治疗、术前内脏转移、术前体力状态对患者术后生存期有显著影响。结论经皮椎体成形术可以快速有效减轻患椎疼痛,后路减压内固定术可以有效改善或延缓SCC引起的神经功能障碍。此外,系统内科治疗、术前内脏转移和术前体力状态是预测乳腺癌脊柱转移瘤患者术后生存期的重要预后因素。     

Efficacy of surgical decompression in the setting of complete thoracic spinal cord injury

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: An assessment of neurological improvement after surgical intervention in the setting of traumatic thoracic spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS: A retrospective evaluation of a nonconsecutive cohort of patients with a thoracic SCI from T2 to T11. The analysis included a total of 12 eligible patients. The neurologic and functional outcomes were recorded from the acute hospital admission to the most recent follow-up. Data included patient age, level of injury, neurologic examination according to the Frankel grading system, the performance of surgery, and the mechanism of the time-related SCI decompression. RESULTS: All patients had a complete thoracic SCI. The median interval from injury to surgery was 11 days (range, 1-36 days). Decompression, bone fusion, and instrumentation were the most common surgical procedures performed. The median length of follow-up was 18 months after surgery (range, 9-132 months). Motor functional improvement was seen in 1 patient (Frankel A to C). CONCLUSION: Surgical decompression and fusion imparts no apparent benefit in terms of neurologic improvement (spinal cord) in the setting of a complete traumatic thoracic SCI. To better define the role of surgical decompression and stabilization in the setting of a complete SCI, randomized, controlled, prospective studies are necessary.     

Outcome of excisional surgeries for the patients with spinal metastases

To evaluate the outcome of the excisional surgeries (en bloc/debulking) in spinal metastatic treatment in 10 years. A total of 131 patients (134 lesions) with spinal metastases were studied. The postoperative survival time and the local recurrence rate were calculated statistically. The comparison of the two procedures on the survival time, local recurrence rate, and neurologic change were made. The median survival time of the en bloc surgery and the debulking surgery was 40.93 and 24.73 months, respectively, with no significant difference. The significant difference was shown in the local recurrence rate comparison, but not in neurological change comparison. 19.85% patients combined with surgical complications. The en bloc surgery can achieve a lower local recurrence rate than the debulking surgery, while was similar in survival outcome, neurological salvage, and incidence of complications. The risk of the excisional surgeries is high, however, good outcomes could be expected.     

早期减压Window钢板内固定治疗外伤性颈脊髓损伤

目的探讨早期减压和Window钢板内固定治疗外伤性颈椎骨折脱位脊髓损伤的作用。方法采用Window钢板对38例颈脊髓损伤患者行颈前路减压、取髂骨植骨内固定。本组在伤后24h内手术者12例，伤后24～72h手术者20例，伤后72h～1月手术者6例。患者神经功能根据美国脊髓损伤协会（American Spinal Injury Association，ASIA）损伤系统分级法，其中7例患者为完全性脊髓损伤，31例为不完全性损伤。患者平均年龄是35．5岁（16～69岁），平均随访时间28个月（12～60个月）。结果手术后12个月随访发现38例患者中36例颈前路减压植骨获骨性愈合，植骨融合率是94．7％。术后椎间高度及生理弯曲维持满意，无1例发生内固定器械并发症。24h减压组Frankel分级平均改善1．56级，24～72h减压组Frankel分级平均改善0．82级，72h～1月延迟减压组Frankel分级平均改善0．64级；24h减压组与24～72h减压组和72h～1月延迟减压组比较，有显著差异性（19〈0．05）。结论采用Window钢板对颈椎骨折脱位脊髓损伤患者行颈椎间融合，能充分保证固定节段的稳定性，植骨愈合率高，有效地维护了伤椎椎间高度和生理曲度。研究结果表明早期手术减压将明显改善神经功能，延期减压同样也能获得较好的神经功能结果。我们建议对于颈脊髓不完全损伤神经症状进行性加重的患者应急诊手术减压治疗。     

Efficacy of Surgical Decompression in the Setting of Complete Thoracic Spinal Cord Injury

Abstract

Background/Objective: An assessment of neurological improvement after surgical intervention in the setting of traumatic thoracic spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods: A retrospective evaluation of a nonconsecutive cohort of patients with a thoracic SCI from T2 to T11. The analysis included a total of 12 eligible patients. The neurologic and functional outcomes were recorded from the acute hospital admission to the most recent follow-up. Data included patient age, level of injury, neurologic examination according to the Frankel grading system, the performance of surgery, and the mechanism of the time-related SCI decompression.

Results: All patients had a complete thoracic SCI. The median interval from injury to surgery was 11 days (range, 1-36 days). Decompression, bone fusion, and instrumentation were the most common surgical procedures performed. The median length of follow-up was 18 months after surgery (range, 9-132 months). Motor functional improvement was seen in 1 patient (Frankel A to C).

Conclusion: Surgical decompression and fusion imparts no apparent benefit in terms of neurologic improvement (spinal cord) in the setting of a complete traumatic thoracic SCI. To better define the role of surgical decompression and stabilization in the setting of a complete SCI, randomized, controlled, prospective studies are necessary.