Differential impacts of CYP2C19 gene polymorphisms on the antiplatelet effects of clopidogrel and ticlopidine

We examined the influence of CYP2C19 polymorphisms on the antiplatelet effects of clopidogrel and ticlopidine. The platelet aggregation induced by 20 μmol/l adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and CYP2C19 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (*2 and *3) was determined in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) who were taking aspirin alone (n = 21), aspirin plus clopidogrel (n = 97), or aspirin plus ticlopidine (n = 47). The degree of platelet aggregation in the clopidogrel group, although not in the ticlopidine group, depended on the CYP2C19 polymorphism, and the maximal platelet aggregation in poor metabolizers (PMs) taking clopidogrel was equivalent to that in the group taking aspirin alone. After being switched from clopidogrel to ticlopidine, all seven of the PMs showed markedly lower platelet aggregation. These results suggest that CYP2C19 polymorphisms have a profound impact on the antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel but not on that of ticlopidine. Ticlopidine may be an effective therapeutic option for CYP2C19 PMs.     

Relationship between cytochrome P450 2C19*2 polymorphism and stent thrombosis following percutaneous coronary intervention in Chinese patients receiving clopidogrel

This study investigated the relationship between the cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) *2 polymorphism (681A) and definite stent thrombosis (ST) in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and receiving clopidogrel (75 mg/day, orally). The CYP2C19*2 polymorphism status of 1738 Chinese patients with coronary artery disease was examined. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of definite ST during the 180-day follow-up period. The presence of at least one CYP2C19*2 allele was significantly associated with increased ST risk (19 CYP2C19*2/*2 or *1/*2 patients [2.4%] versus seven homozygous wild-type CYP2C19*1/*1 patients [0.75%]). The risk of definite ST was highest in patients with the CYP2C19*2/*2 genotype. The CYP2C19*2 genotype is associated with an increased risk of definite ST following coronary stent placement among Chinese patients with coronary artery disease receiving clopidogrel.     

CYP2C19 and ABCB1 genetic polymorphisms correlate with the recurrence of ischemic cardiovascular adverse events after clopidogrel treatment

Background

This study was aimed to investigate the correlation between CYP2C19 and ABCB1 polymorphisms and the recurrence of ischemic cardiovascular adverse events in patients with coronary artery disease treated with clopidogrel.

Methods

A total of 168 patients with coronary heart disease who underwent PCI operation and received clopidogrel treatment were enrolled. Dual antiplatelet therapy was applied to the treatment of patients for 2 years. Thromboelastography was used to test the efficiency of blood coagulation. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect CYP2C19 and ABCB1 3435CT polymorphisms. One‐year follow‐up visit was carried out to record the incidence of cardiovascular adverse events after drug‐eluting stent implantation was inset.

Results

Follow‐up visit results suggested that the patients with high on‐treatment platelet reactivity (HPR) had a higher recurrence rate of cardiovascular adverse events after PCI operation and clopidogrel treatment. Gene polymorphism testing results indicated that patients with CYP2C19*3 had a significantly higher incidence of HPR, whereas CYP2C19*2 and ABCB1 3435CT were not significantly correlated with HPR. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that CYP2C19*3 might be an independent predictive factor of post‐PCI HPR. In addition, CYP2C19*3 as well as post‐PCI HPR could function as independent predictive factors of cardiovascular adverse events.

Conclusion

CYP2C19*3 polymorphism could be an important predictive factor of HPR and ischemic cardiovascular adverse events after clopidogrel treatment.

     

冠心病患者CYP2C19基因多态性及临床不良事件发生与氯吡格雷抵抗的关系

目的通过分析经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后冠心病患者的CYP2C19基因型结果、临床相关危险因素和主要心血管不良事件发生情况与氯吡格雷抵抗的关系,探讨影响氯吡格雷抵抗发生、发展的因素,为临床治疗提供有效依据。方法收集2017年1月至2018年12月该院收治并进行过基因检测的346例冠心病患者资料,分析其CYP2C19基因型和代谢型分布特征,筛选出251例使用氯吡格雷的PCI术后冠心病患者,进行血小板聚集功能试验检测,根据血小板最大聚集率(MAR)分为氯吡格雷敏感组(MAR<50%)和氯吡格雷抵抗组(MAR≥50%)。利用荧光PCR法进行CYP2C19基因多态性检测,根据基因型结果分为快代谢型(*1/*1)、中代谢型(*1/*2、*1/*3)和慢代谢型(*2/*2、*2/*3、*3/*3)。比较氯吡格雷抵抗组与氯吡格雷敏感组不同代谢型的患者比例、相关危险因素情况及临床心血管不良事件发生情况。结果慢代谢型患者的MAR较中代谢型、快代谢型患者高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。入选的251例患者中,氯吡格雷抵抗组CYP2C19代谢型分别为快代谢型38例(34.5%)、中代谢型57例(51.8%)、慢代谢型15例(13.6%),氯吡格雷抵抗组与氯吡格雷敏感组在快代谢型中的患者比例差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。氯吡格雷抵抗组的高血压患者比例(91.8%)与氯吡格雷敏感组(63.8%)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。氯吡格雷抵抗组临床心血管不良事件发生率(94.5%)高于氯吡格雷敏感组(84.4%),差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论CYP2C19基因突变和高血压可能是氯吡格雷抵抗发生的两个重要影响因素,并且氯吡格雷抵抗增加了PCI术后冠心病患者临床心血管不良事件发生的风险。     

Common polymorphisms of CYP2C19 and CYP2C9 affect the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic response to clopidogrel but not prasugrel

BACKGROUND: Thienopyridines are metabolized to active metabolites that irreversibly inhibit the platelet P2Y(12) adenosine diphosphate receptor. The pharmacodynamic response to clopidogrel is more variable than the response to prasugrel, but the reasons for variation in response to clopidogrel are not well characterized. OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between genetic variation in cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoenzymes and the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic response to prasugrel and clopidogrel. METHODS: Genotyping was performed for CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 on samples from healthy subjects participating in studies evaluating pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic responses to prasugrel (60 mg, n = 71) or clopidogrel (300 mg, n = 74). RESULTS: In subjects receiving clopidogrel, the presence of the CYP2C19*2 loss of function variant was significantly associated with lower exposure to clopidogrel active metabolite, as measured by the area under the concentration curve (AUC(0-24); P = 0.004) and maximal plasma concentration (C(max); P = 0.020), lower inhibition of platelet aggregation at 4 h (P = 0.003) and poor-responder status (P = 0.030). Similarly, CYP2C9 loss of function variants were significantly associated with lower AUC(0-24) (P = 0.043), lower C(max) (P = 0.006), lower IPA (P = 0.046) and poor-responder status (P = 0.024). For prasugrel, there was no relationship observed between CYP2C19 or CYP2C9 loss of function genotypes and exposure to the active metabolite of prasugrel or pharmacodynamic response. CONCLUSIONS: The common loss of function polymorphisms of CYP2C19 and CYP2C9 are associated with decreased exposure to the active metabolite of clopidogrel but not prasugrel. Decreased exposure to its active metabolite is associated with a diminished pharmacodynamic response to clopidogrel.     

武汉地区冠心病患者氯吡格雷药物代谢相关基因CYP2C19的多态性分布分析

目的 探讨武汉地区冠心病介入患者氯吡格雷代谢相关基因CYP2C19多态性的分布。方法 选取2014年1月～12月武汉大学人民医院心内科进行介入治疗(PCI)的316例冠心病患者作为研究对象。通过基因芯片法检测氯吡格雷代谢相关的CYP2C19*1,*2,*3基因,并将患者按CYP2C19基因型别分为不同代谢类型:强代谢型(*1/*1),中间代谢型(*1/*2,*1/*3),弱代谢型(*2/*2,*3/*3,*2/*3)。结果 根据CYP2C19基因多态性位点功能代谢分型,携带CYP2C19*1的强代谢型(*1/*1)占43.4%,携带CYP2C19*2或*3的中间代谢型(*1/*2和*1/*3)及弱代谢型(*2/*2,*2/*3和*3/*3)分别占42.4%,14.2%。不同性别在CYP2C19基因分型上差异无统计学意义。结论 武汉地区冠心病介入患者中分布有较多的CYP2C19氯吡格雷代谢功能缺失基因。     

CYP2C19基因多态性与氯吡格雷抵抗的研究进展

阿司匹林联合氯吡格雷是冠状动脉支架植入术后常规的抗血小板治疗方案。然而,近年来的研究显示接受上述治疗的部分患者血小板的抑制率较低,即氯吡格雷抵抗,与冠脉支架植入术后支架内血栓事件的发生存在因果关系。而导致氯吡格雷抵抗的原因复杂,研究表明CYP2C19基因多态性与其明显相关,对高危人群进行CYP2C19基因多态性检测有利于识别氯吡格雷抵抗,并及时增加氯吡格雷剂量或更换新型血小板P2Y12受体拮抗剂,可降低术后支架内血栓的发生。     

ABCB1和CYP2C19基因多态性与动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死患者氯吡格雷疗效的相关性

目的:探讨在急性动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死患者中,不同ABCB1和CYP2C19基因型对氯吡格雷抗血小板疗效的影响。方法:纳入115例发病7 d内住院的急性动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死患者,根据CYP2C19基因型分为3组:快代谢型、中代谢型、慢代谢型;根据ABCB1基因型分为野生型和突变型。再根据ABCB1和CYP2C19两种基因突变的数量,将入组患者分为A组(两个基因均无突变)、B组(其中一个基因发生突变)和C组(两个基因均发生突变)。所有患者均予以卒中单元常规治疗,利用血栓弹力图仪(thromb elasto gram, TEG)检测患者服用氯吡格雷7 d后的血小板功能及血小板药物抑制率,并在患者入院时及服用氯吡格雷治疗7 d后进行神经功能评估,包括美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, NIHSS)及改良Rankin量表(modified rankin scale, mRS)。结果:CYP2C19基因快代谢型、中代谢型、慢代谢型分别有46例、48例(其中*1/*2 40例,*1/*3 8例)、21例(其中*2/*2 18例,*2/*3 3例);ABCB1野生型49例,突变型66例;A、B、C组患者分别有23例、50例、42例。不同ABCB1、CYP2C19基因型及含不同基因突变数量患者中,血小板药物抑制率、血小板功能及急性期神经功能变化情况差异均无统计学意义。结论:在本研究所纳入的急性动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死人群中,未发现ABCB1、CYP2C19基因多态性对氯吡格雷疗效的影响。     

广东省肇庆地区冠心病患者CYP2C19基因多态性差异性分布

目的 探讨广东省肇庆地区冠心病(CHD)患者CYP2C19基因多态性分布,并比较不同性别和不同地区间CYP2C19基因多态性的分布,为CHD患者抗血小板治疗的个体化用药策略提供理论基础.方法 2019年6月-2020年11月诊断为CHD的501例患者均采用数字荧光分子杂交技术对CYP2C19*2、CYP2C19*3和C...     

Phenotyping vs. genotyping for prediction of clopidogrel efficacy and safety: the PEGASUS‐PCI study

Summary. Background: Prognostic values of genotyping and phenotyping for assessment of clopidogrel responsiveness have been shown in independent studies.Objectives: To compare different assays for prediction of events during long‐term follow‐up.Methods: In this prospective cohort study polymorphisms of CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*17 alleles, vasodilator‐stimulated phosphoprotein phosphorylation (VASP) assay, multiple electrode aggregometry (MEA), cone and platelet analyser (CPA) and platelet function analyser (PFA‐100) were performed in 416 patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. The rates of events were recorded during a 12‐month follow‐up.Results: Platelet aggregation by MEA predicted stent thrombosis (2.4%) better (c‐index = 0.90; P < 0.001; sensitivity = 90%; specificity = 83%) than the VASP assay, CPA or PFA‐100 (c‐index < 0.70; P > 0.05; sensitivity < 70%; specificity < 70% for all) or even the CYP2C19*2 polymorphism (c‐index < 0.56; P > 0.05; sensitivity = 30%; specificity = 71%). Survival analysis indicated that patients classified as poor responders by MEA had a substantially higher risk of developing stent thrombosis or MACE than clopidogrel responders (12.5% vs. 0.3%, P < 0.001, and 18.5% vs. 11.3%, P = 0.022, respectively), whereas poor metabolizers (CYP2C19*1/*2 or *2/*2 carriers) were not at increased risks (stent thrombosis, 2.7% vs. 2.5%, P > 0.05; MACE, 13.5% vs. 12.1%, P = 0.556). The incidence of major bleedings (2.6%) was numerically higher in patients with an enhanced vs. poor response to clopidogrel assessed by MEA (4% vs. 0%) or in ultra‐metabolizers vs. regular metabolizers (CYP2C19*17/*17 vs. CYP2C19*1/*1; 9.5% vs. 2%). The classification tree analysis demonstrated that acute coronary syndrome at hospitalization and diabetes mellitus were the best discriminators for clopidogrel responder status.Conclusions: Phenotyping of platelet response to clopidogrel was a better predictor of stent thrombosis than genotyping.     

Effects of CYP2C19 Genetic Polymorphisms on the Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Properties of Clopidogrel and Its Active Metabolite in Healthy Chinese Subjects

Purpose

Some studies in the white population have shown that carriers of at least 1 loss-of-function allele in the gene that encodes the cytochrome P-450 2C19 isozyme (CYP2C19) have lower levels of the clopidogrel active metabolite (CAM) and a reduced antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel. However, data are limited regarding the association between CYP2C19 genetic variants and exposure to CAM and on the pharmacodynamic properties of CAM in the Chinese population. Data from the white population cannot be extrapolated to the Chinese population because of the marked interethnic differences in CYP2C19 variants. This study was aimed to investigate the influence of CYP2C19 genetic polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetic properties of CAM and the antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel in healthy Chinese volunteers, and to provide evidence for the role of a CYP2C19 genotyping test in predicting the antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel in the Chinese population.

Combined influence of proton‐pump inhibitors,calcium‐channel blockers and CYP2C19*2 on on‐treatment platelet reactivity and on the occurrence of atherothrombotic events after percutaneous coronary intervention

Summary. Background: The carriage of CYP2C19*2 and the use of proton‐pump inhibitors (PPIs) and calcium‐channel blockers (CCBs) has been associated with the diminished efficacy of clopidogrel. However, previous studies have only assessed the isolated impact of these risk factors for clopidogrel poor response. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of the combined presence of three risk factors for clopidogrel poor response, that is, the use of CCBs, PPIs and the carriage of CYP2C19*2, on on‐treatment platelet reactivity and the occurrence of atherothrombotic events in 725 patients on dual antiplatelet therapy undergoing elective coronary stenting. Methods: In a prospective, follow‐up study, on‐treatment platelet reactivity was quantified using ADP‐induced light transmittance aggregometry (LTA) and the VerifyNow P2Y12 assay. The clinical study endpoint was the composite of all‐cause mortality, myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis and stroke at 1 year after stenting. Results: Patients with either one or more than one risk factor exhibited increased platelet reactivity (mean relative increase one risk factor: 11% and > 1 risk factor: 22%, respectively). Sixty‐four events occurred during follow‐up (8.8% of the study population). Patients with one risk factor for clopidogrel poor response did not have an increased risk of the composite endpoint. However, patients using both CCBs and PPIs and carriers of CYP2C19*2 who used CCBs had a statistically significant increased risk of the composite endpoint [hazard ratio(HR)_adj 2.2 95% CI, 1.0–5.3, P = 0.044 and HR_adj 3.3 95% CI, 1.1–9.8, P = 0.032, respectively]. Conclusions: The presence of more than one of the three investigated risk factors for clopidogrel poor response is associated with an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events within 1 year after elective coronary stenting.     

陕西地区CYP2C19基因多态性在不同性别、年龄、民族冠心病患者中的分布特征以及与国内其他地区的对比分析

目的探讨陕西地区冠心病治疗患者CYP2C19基因多态性分布情况。方法选取该院冠心病治疗患者4248例,检测CYP2C19的基因型,统计等位基因及代谢表型分布特征,并对比不同地区汉族和其他民族等位基因及代谢表型分布差异。结果CYP2C19*1、CYP2C19*2和CYP2C19*33种等位基因的频率分别为64.67%、30.65%、4.68%;快代谢型(*1/*1)1749例,发生率41.17%,中间代谢型(*1/*2、*1/*3)1996例,发生率46.99%,慢代谢型(*2/*2、*2/*3、*3/*3)503例,发生率11.84%;不同性别之间基因型及代谢型分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同年龄段患者CYP2C19基因型分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),等位基因分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);我国不同地区汉族人群等位基因分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),代谢型分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同民族等位基因及代谢型分布差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论陕西地区冠心病患者基因型主要以CYP2C19*1/*2为主,代谢表型主要以中间代谢型为主,可以评估其氯吡格雷抵抗风险,为患者制定个体化的抗血小板治疗方案。     

基于武汉地区PCI术后患者CYP2C19基因多态性指导氯吡格雷个体化用药的研究

目的 研究CYP2C19基因多态性,分析经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后氯吡格雷中、慢代谢患者个体化用药的疗效差异,为PCI术后患者个体化用药提供参考依据.方法 使用荧光定量PCR法测定该院328例PCI术后患者CYP2C19基因型,分析年龄、性别与CYP2C19基因多态性的关系及不同地区汉族冠心病患者代谢表型差异,...     

Estimation of drug-metabolizing capacity by cytochrome P450 genotyping and expression

Many undesired side effects or therapeutic failures of drugs are the result of differences or changes in drug metabolism, primarily depending on the levels and activities of cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes. To assess whether P450 expression profiles can reflect hepatic drug metabolism, we compared P450 mRNA levels in the liver or peripheral leukocytes with the corresponding hepatic P450 activities. A preliminary P450 genotyping for the most frequent polymorphisms in white populations (CYP2C9*2, CYP2C9*3, CYP2C19*2, CYP2C19*3, CYP2D6*3, CYP2D6*4, CYP2D6*6, and CYP3A5*3) was carried out before P450 phenotyping, excluding the donors with nonfunctional alleles of CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP2D6 and those with a functional CYP3A5*1 allele from a correlation analysis. The hepatic mRNA levels of CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4 displayed a strong association with P450 activities in the liver, whereas the expression of CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP3A4 in leukocytes was proven to reflect the hepatic activities of these P450 species. The leukocytes were found to be inappropriate cells for the assessment of hepatic CYP2B6 and CYP2D6 activities. Combining the results of P450 genotyping and phenotyping analyses, patients' drug-metabolizing capacities can be estimated by the P450 expression in the liver and in leukocytes with some limitations. Patients' genetic and nongenetic variations in P450 status can guide the appropriate selection of drugs and the optimal dose, minimizing the risk of harmful side effects and ensuring a successful outcome of drug therapy.     

Antiplatelets in acute coronary syndrome: personal perspectives

High platelet reactivity (HPR) during dual-antiplatelet therapy is a marker of vascular risk, in particular stent thrombosis, in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Genetic determinants (CYP2C19*2 polymorphism), advanced age, female gender, diabetes and reduced ventricular function are related to a higher risk to develop HPR. In addition, inflammation and increased platelet turnover, as revealed by the elevated percentage of reticulate platelets in patients’ blood, that characterize the acute phase of acute coronary syndrome are associated with HPR. To overcome the limitation of clopidogrel, new antiplatelet agents (prasugrel and ticagrelor) were developed and the demonstration of their superiority over clopidogrel was obtained in the two randomized trials, TRITON TIMI 38 and PLATO. Due to the current possibility not a choice between multiple antiplatelet strategies, the future prospect is to include, in addition to clinical data and classical risk factors, the definition of platelet function during treatment in order to set a tailored therapy.     

DNA微阵列芯片法与直接测序法检测CYP2C19基因型的比较研究

目的 用DNA微阵列芯片法和直接测序法两种方法检测氯吡格雷相关基因CYP2C19的突变情况,并进行比较分析。同时将基因型检测结果与临床资料进行分析,初步探讨CYP2C19基因型检测在氯吡格雷用药治疗中的临床意义。方法收集180例诊断为急性冠脉综合症并首次接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术(PCI)的全血标本。其中90例患者术后服用氯吡格雷之前,采用DNA微阵列芯片法和DNA直接测序法检测CYP2C19突变位点,确定其基因型。另外90例对照组患者使用氯吡格雷药物但不检测CYP2C19基因型。分析两组患者随访过程中发生冠脉血栓事件的差异。结果 ①两种检测方法准确度比较:在试验组90例患者中,DNA微阵列芯片法和DNA测序法均检出4种基因型组合:*1/*1(636GG,681GG),*1/*2(636GG,681GA),*2/*2(636GG,681AA)和*1/*3(636GA,681GG),分布频率分别为44例(48.9%),36例(40%),5例(5.6%)和5例(5.6%),而*3/*3(636AA,681GG)和*2/*3(636GA,681GA)未检测到。两种方法的准确度完全一致。②将检测结果与临床资料进行相关性分析:经CYP2C19基因型指导氯吡格雷用药的患者发生支架冠脉血栓事件的比例(0%)明显低于对照组(3.33%,P<0.05)。结论①DNA微阵列芯片法灵敏度和准确度与DNA直接测序法(金标准方法)检测相符率为100%。②DNA微阵列芯片法是一种快速、准确发现CYP2C19突变位点,鉴别CYP2C19基因型的检测方法。③检测结果与临床相关性分析结果显示基因型指导氯吡格雷用药有助于患者用药剂量的调整,或选用其它抗凝血药物,从而可降低冠脉血栓事件的发生率。     

Clopidogrel: a case for indication-specific pharmacogenetics

The CYP2C19*2 loss-of-function allele is associated with reduced generation of active metabolites of clopidogrel. However, meta-analyses have supported or discounted the impact of genotype on adverse cardiovascular outcomes during clopidogrel therapy, depending on studies included in the analysis. Here we review these data and conclude that evidence supports a differential effect of genotype on protection from major adverse cardiovascular outcomes following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), but not for other clopidogrel indications.     

脑梗死患者抗血小板药物的精准策略选择

抗血小板治疗是脑梗死全程管理的重要手段之一,然而临床上存在抗血小板药物个体反应差异且其与患者预后密切相关,因此精准选择抗血小板药物具有重要意义。血小板功能检测及基因检测是抗血小板药物精准治疗的核心环节。对于存在高危缺血风险或预后较差、有高出血风险的患者,可考虑行基因检测和（或）血小板功能检测。阿司匹林和氯吡格雷仍是目前最常用的抗血小板药物,其他抗血小板药物的有效性及安全性有待进一步验证。对于阿司匹林抵抗人群,不推荐增加阿司匹林剂量,可考虑换用其他抗血小板药物。基于CYP2C19基因型进行氯吡格雷剂量调整的策略仍有待研究,而携带CYP2C19失功能等位基因的患者,建议换用其他抗血小板药物。     

中国福建泉州地区心脑血管患者 CYP2C19，ABCB1基因多态性的检测分析

目的　检测分析泉州地区心脑血管病患者氯吡格雷相关基因细胞色素 P4502C19（ CYP2C19）和三磷酸腺苷黏合 转运体B1 （ ABCB1）的突变情况。方法　收集2018 年5 月~2019 年5 月到泉州第一医院住院接受治疗的2 029 例心脑 血管病患者的全血标本,采用sanger 测序法检测 CYP2C19,ABCB1基因型,应用Hardy-Weinberg 遗传平衡吻合度检验方法, 判断选取的标本是否具有群体代表性。根据性别、年龄因素对患者进行分组,采用四格表资料的χ2 检验,R×C 表资料的 χ2 检验比较各组间氯吡格雷代谢相关基因CYP2C19,ABCB1,氯吡格雷代谢型的分布差异。结果　CYP2C19* 2（G681A）, * 3（G636A）,* 17（C806T）,ABCB1（C3435T）的等位基因频率分别为 57.1 %,10.0%,1.5% 和60.1%,每个等 位基因分布的观察值和预期值差异有统计学意义（χ2=0.000~3.316,均P >0.05）,符合遗传平衡定律, 具有群体代表性。 CYP2C19 * 1 /* 1,CYP2C19 * 1 / * 2,CYP2C19* 1 /* 3,CYP2C19* 1 /* 17,CYP2C19* 2 /* 2,CYP2C19* 2 /* 3, CYP2C19* 2 /* 17,CYP2C19 * 3 /* 17 基因型频率分布分别为 35.5%,42.1%,6.4%,0.9%,11.1%,3.4%,0.4 % 和0.2%, 氯吡格雷超代谢型、快代谢型、中代谢型、慢代谢型的频率分别为0.9%,35.5%,49.1% 和14.5%。CYP2C19 基因型及 氯吡格雷代谢类型在不同性别之间分布差异有统计学意义（χ2=838.9~1361.134,均P <0.05）,氯吡格雷代谢类型在男 性不同年龄段的差异无统计学意义（χ2=11.408,P >0.05）,氯吡格雷代谢类型在女性不同年龄段的差异无统计学意义 （χ2=21.262, P >0.05）。ABCB1（C3435T）基因型CC,CT 和TT 的频率分别为39.9%,44.4% 和15.7%,ABCB1 基 因型在不同性别之间分布差异有统计学意义（χ2=139.445,P <0.05）。结论　泉州地区心脑血管患者 CYP2C19 基因型 主要以CYP2C19 * 1 /* 2 （42.1%）为主,ABCB1 基因型主要以CT（44.4%）为主,氯吡格雷代谢表型以中代谢（49.1%） 为主。CYP2C19 基因型、ABCB1 基因型及氯吡格雷代谢类型在不同性别之间是有差异的。氯吡格雷代谢类型在同性不 同年龄段是没有差异的。