Hepatitis-B virus infection in rural and urban populations of eastern Nigeria: prevalence of serological markers

Hepatitis B virus markers were measured by radioimmunoassay in the sera of 804 rural and urban inhabitants and prisoners in Nigeria. Of these, 530 (66%) subjects had one or more serologic markers of HBV infection; 9.1% were HBsAg carriers, 47% had anti-HBs and 10.1% were positive for anti-HBc alone. Total HBV exposure rate, HBsAg carrier rate and previous exposure to hepatitis B virus measured by the frequency of anti-HBc alone were significantly higher in the rural population compared with the urban population (p less than 0.0001; p less than 0.03; p less than 0.01) respectively. It was observed that by the age of 40 years, 87% of the Nigerian population have at least one HBV seric marker. There was a higher incidence of HBsAg (p less than 0.0001) and anti-HBc alone (p less than 0.001) in prisoners than in any other group. HBeAg was present in 16.4% HBsAg positive individuals with no intersex difference. No positive correlation was found between the frequency of HBV markers in rural dwellers and the history of blood transfusions. These findings suggest that horizontal transmission aided by cultural or behavioural factors and clustering of carriers rather than transfusions is the main determinant of HBV prevalence in rural Nigeria.     

婴幼儿和学龄前儿童乙型肝炎病毒血清学标志物的检测与分布特征研究

目的:调查和分析婴幼儿和学龄前儿童乙型肝炎(简称乙肝)病毒血清学模式及其与年龄、性别相关的分布特征,为儿童乙肝的预防与控制提供依据。方法:采用电化学发光技术在RocheE601免疫分析仪上检测乙肝病毒血清学标志物。应用实验室信息管理系统将2009年5月-2011年5月期间所有乙肝病毒血清学检测结果导出为EX-CEL数据文件,通过排除重复检测者、年龄>7周岁,最终筛选出2 500例研究对象,男1 575例,女925例。结果:在2 500例7岁内儿童中检出乙肝病毒血清学模式为17种,最主要模式为"单anti-HBs(+)",占66%(1 650/2 500);接着为"阴性",占18%(450/2 500);其次为"anti-HBc(+)anti-HBs(+)"和"anti-HBe(+)anti-HBc(+)anti-HBs(+)",占10%(250/2 500)与4.4%(110/2 500);其他13种低频模式检出率,无统计学意义。结论:学龄前儿童中"单anti-HBS(+)"检出率最高,其抗体浓度多位于100～1 000mIU/ml间;其次为"阴性"模式。HBsAg检出率很低。乙肝模式检出率在本地区与年龄有关。分析1岁内(主要为3个月内)儿童乙肝血清学模式考虑母亲血清乙肝抗原抗体的影响。     

酵母重组乙型肝炎疫苗在中小学生中接种效果评价

目的 评价中小学生大规模乙型肝炎疫苗接种效果。方法 随机选取来实行乙型肝炎疫苗计划免疫管理的6－18岁中小学生1829名,采用血清流行病学方法观测大规模酵母重组乙型肝炎疫苗接种效果。结果 对HBsAg、抗－HBs和抗－HBc全阴性者,接种疫苗1年后,抗－HBs阳性率为70．55％,HBsAg和抗-HBc阳性率分别为0．56％和1．96％;该人群接种前HBVM阳性率为63．31％,接种后为85．51％,抗－HBs阳性率显著增高,且以6－12岁低年龄组人群更明显,而HBsAg和抗－HBc阳性率在接种后1年无明显变化。结论 酵母重组乙型肝炎疫苗大规模接种后,在中小学生中形成了乙型肝炎高保护性、低感染状态。     

Prevaccination screening of medical and dental students. Should low levels of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen preclude vaccination?

The prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers in 484 medical and 329 dental students was studied. Three students (0.9%) were hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) reactive, and 46 students (5.7%) were reactive for antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs). There was no difference in anti-HBs frequency between medical and dental students, and the prevalence of this marker was not associated with year in school. Of the 46 reactors, eight (17%) were nonreproducible and 38 (83%) were reproducibly reactive when the same samples were reanalyzed. Of note, all nonreproducible reactors exhibited anti-HBs sample-negative control (S/N) ratios of less than 10, and none were positive for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc). Nineteen (50%) of the reproducible reactors had anti-HBs S/N ratios equal to or greater than 10, and only 15 (39%) were anti-HBc positive. In view of these observations, we do not recommend HBV screening in a vaccine program for health students. Due to the frequency with which low-level anti-HBs reactors without anti-HBc are found to be nonreproducibly positive, we are concerned by the potential overinterpretation of such results before the formulation of decisions about the need for vaccination.     

Comparative assay of Hepatitis B and C virus infection markers by different assay kits

In order to compare sensitivity of EIA and RIA assay kits for hepatitis B and C virus(HBV and HCV,respectively)infection markers,100 serum samples in total wre collected form 50 adult women each in urban and rual areas in northeast China.The number of positive cases to the three infection markers on HBV(i.e..,HBsAg^ ,anti-HBs^ ,and anti-HBc^ )and the one on HVC (anti-HCV)were examined in two laboratories,i.e.,in Laboratory A with EIA kits produced in China and in Laboratory B with RIA kits.HCV infection positivity(anti-HCV^ )was examined by EIA kits in both laboratories,but from diffeent sources in and outside of China,respectively.The assay in Laboratory A gave 2 HBsAg^ cases out of the 100 cases examined,whereas there were 9 positive cases in Labortory B,In contrast,19 cases were positive to anti-HCV when examined in Laborator A,and there were 3 cases in Laboratory B.Thus,the kits used in Laboratory A gave fewer HBsAg^ and more anti-HCV^ cases than the kits used in Laboratory B.The prevlence of antiHBs^ or anti-HBc^ and cases did not differ when assayed in the two laboratories with EIA and RIA kts,respectively,The agreement of positive and negative findings between the two set of testing were 93%,93%,93%,86%and 82% for HBsAg,anti-HBs,anti-HBc,BHV(i.e.,either positive to anyone of the three markers or negative to all three markers),and anti-HCV,respectively.The implication of the observation on epidemiology on HBV and HCV infection prevalence was discussed.     

Urban-rural comparison of HBV and HCV infection prevalence in eastern China

The present study was initiated to make and urban-rural comparison of the prevalence of cases positive to hepatitis B and C virus(HBV and HCV,respectively)infection markers in densely populated eastern half of China.For this purpose.10 survey sites were selected,i.e.,six sites in urban areas(the city group;Beijing,shangahi and four provincial capitals)and four sites in rural areas(the village group;one village each in Jilin and Shandong provinces,and two villages in Shaanxi Province),About 50 adult women per site volunteered to participate,from whom 494 valid bllod samples were collected.Positivities to HBsAg(HBsAg^ ),anti-HBs(anti-HBs^ )and antiHBc(anti-HBc^ )were examined by RIA methods.and that to anti-HCV(anti-HCV^ )by either EIA or RIA.Those positive to any one of the three HBV infection markers were taken as HBV infection-positive(HBV^ ).The prevalence of HBsAg^ ,HBV^ and anti-HBc^ was 8%,70%and 2.7% in the city group,and 8%,65% and 2.0%in the village group,and no significant difference was found between the two groups.The overall prevalence was 8% for HBsAg^ ,68% for HBV^ ,and 2.4% for anti-HVC^ ,The results were discussed in reference to some 20 papers each on HBV^ and anti-HCV^ prevalence in China published since(1991),The reviewing of these papers of anti-HCV was low(well below 5%),and that no substantial difference was found between the rural and urban populations.     

傈僳族乙型肝炎病毒感染的流行病学调查

采取分层整群抽样法,在四川省德昌县傈僳族聚居地及其毗邻汉族聚居地作乙型肝炎流行病学调查。共调查傈僳族198户,1062人;汉族210户,753人;采血傈僳族745人,汉族574人。发现傈僳族HBsAg阳性率为9.80％,抗-HBs阳性率9.66％,抗-HBc阳性率48.72％。乙肝血清流行率为51.41％。HBeAg阳性率为28。77％,抗-HBe阳性率36.99％。HBsAg亚型测定均属adr亚型。乙肝现患阳性率1.51％。本调查提示傈僳族HBsAg携带率、乙型肝炎血清流行率和全国各地相近,傈僳族和毗邻汉族之间无显著差异。     

15岁以下人群乙型肝炎病毒感染及免疫现状调查分析

目的：了解静宁县15岁以下人群乙肝疫苗接种现状、乙肝病毒标志物的分布情况及影响因素,为采取进一步控制措施提供依据。方法：采取整群分层随机抽样的方法,抽取本辖区7个乡镇的15岁以下的1260人作为调查对象,检测HBsAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc等HBV感染标志物,以问卷和查验预防接种证或卡片的方式对乙肝疫苗接种率进行调查。结果：15岁以下人群HBsAg、抗-HBs和抗-HBc阳性率分别为0.95%、78.97%、5.16%,HBV感染率为6.98%。HBsAg、抗-HBc阳性率和HBV感染率随年龄增长而升高（P〈0.05）。15岁以下人群乙肝疫苗全程接种率为90.95%,随年龄的增加而逐渐降低（χ2趋势=60.569,P=0.000）。结论：15岁以下人群HBV感染率已处于较低水平,乙肝保护性抗体水平随年龄的减小而升高;乙肝疫苗接种是乙肝病毒感染的保护因素,年龄是乙肝病毒感染的危险因素。     

Importance of markers of hepatitis B virus in alcoholic liver disease

To determine the importance of the presence of serological markers of hepatitis B virus infection in patients with alcohol related liver disease we compared cumulative alcohol intake and clinical and histological features in patients with markers of hepatitis B virus infection and in those without. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was detected in five (2%) out of 285 patients studied and antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs) in 41 (14%); one patient had antibody to hepatitis B core antigen alone. The combined prevalence of markers of hepatitis B virus infection was similar in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis (18%) and precirrhotic liver disease (13%). Two patients positive for HBsAg had histological features of both alcoholic liver disease and chronic active hepatitis, with stainable HBsAg. Patients with anti-HBs were, however, histologically indistinguishable from patients without markers, and the mean cumulative alcohol intake of patients with anti-HBs was similar to or even higher than that of patients with liver disease of comparable severity who had no evidence of previous infection. The presence of markers of hepatitis B virus infection was related to former residence in countries with a high prevalence of the infection and to previous parenteral treatment and blood transfusions. Infection with hepatitis B virus does not enhance the development of chronic liver disease in heavy drinkers, except in the small number who remain positive for HBsAg.     

Assessment on the Effects of Hepatitis B Prevention and Control Measures in Western China: A Comparison of Three Population-based Serosurveys

ObjectiveDespite the remarkable progress in efforts to control disease spread, the nationwide elimination of hepatitis B in China is still hindered by the persistently high rate of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Western China. This study aimed to evaluate the strategy of hepatitis B prevention and control in Western China and identify potential areas and strategies for improvement.MethodsSusceptible population vaccination, health education, professional training of doctors, and other prevention and control measures have been implemented in Wuwei city since 2010. Data were obtained from three representative cross-sectional serosurveys conducted in 2010, 2013, and 2015. The serum samples were subjected to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to detect the following seromarkers: HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs), and antibody against hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc). Estimates of variance were determined using Taylor series linearization methods.ResultsThe three serosurveys revealed decreases in the prevalence of HBsAg (7.19% in 2010 vs. 6.51% in 2013 vs. 5.87% in 2015) and anti-HBc positivity (43.89% vs. 32.87% vs. 28.46%) and an increase in the prevalence of anti-HBs positivity (49.07% vs. 53.66% vs. 53.72%) over time. From 2010 to 2015, the legally reported incidence of hepatitis B in Wuwei city decreased from 686.53/100,000 to 53.72/100,000. Notably, persistently high HBsAg-positive rates (above 5.40%) were observed among subjects aged 20–69 years old in the three serosurveys; the prevalence of HBsAg was above 1% among children younger than 10 years old. Furthermore, rural subjects had higher rates of HBsAg and anti-HBc positivity than their urban counterparts (6.04% vs. 4.83% and 30.26% vs. 20.35%, respectively) in 2015 but had a lower rate of anti-HBs positivity (49.68 vs. 55.18%). Multivariate regression analysis showed that age, urban and rural areas, and education level were the main factors affecting HBV infection.ConclusionAlthough vaccine-based prevention and control measures reduced the rate of HBV infection in Wuwei City over time, the hepatitis B infection rate in children younger than 10 years was still higher than the national average level. Therefore, the prevention and control of mother-to-child transmission and the management of the infected should be the focus of future prevention and control work.     

湛江地区2487名体检者中乙肝病毒血清学标志物的检测结果

目的:了解湛江地区人群中乙肝病毒(HBV)感染情况。方法:对2 4 87名体检者应用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)法测定HBsAg、抗HBs、HBeAg、抗HBe、抗HBc。结果:HBsAg的阳性率为1 8.74 %。乙型肝炎病毒血清学标志物(HBVM)阳性情况主要为两种模式:即HBsAg、抗 HBe、抗HBc阳性;HBsAg、HBeAg阳性。结论:湛江地区体检者中HBsAg的阳性率较高,其中以2 0岁～4 0岁者HBsAg的阳性率最高,其人群分布与计划免疫、文化程度、卫生习惯、生活环境、性别和性格等因素有关。     

The prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-hepatitis B surface (anti-HBs) and anti-hepatitis B core (anti-HBc) in patients with acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome (AIDS)

Forty one consecutive patients (24 males and 17 females) with AIDS had their blood assayed for HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc by Reversed Passive Haemagglutination (RPHA), Passive Haemagglutination (PHA) and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) techniques respectively. 5 (12.2%) were found positive for HBsAg. 10 (24.4%) for anti-HBs and 31 (75.6%) for anti-HBc. 32 (78%) out of 41 patients with AIDS had serological evidence of exposure to hepatitis B virus (HBV). The prevalence of HBsAg found in this study is not different from what has been found in the Kenyan community without AIDS, while that of anti-HBs is much lower than what has been reported in the general community.     

四川省绵阳市1～12岁儿童乙肝表面抗原和乙肝表面抗体的分布现况

目的了解四川省绵阳市1～12岁儿童乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）和乙肝表面抗体（抗-HBs）的分布现况,为制定和完善儿童乙肝疫苗免疫规划策略提供依据。方法2015年1～12月,采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法,抽取绵阳市乙肝计划免疫实施后出生的1～12岁儿童72 623名,对其进行个人信息采集和血标本采集,用ELISA法检测血清HBsAg和抗-HBs,对HBsAg阳性者进行复检。结果绵阳市1～12岁儿童的HBsAg阳性率为0.24%,抗-HBs阳性率为64.50%,HBsAg与抗-HBs双阴性率为35.26%,根据2010年全国第六次人口普查标准化率分别为0.24%、64.05%和35.71%。1～12岁各年龄组儿童的HBsAg阳性率为0%~0.65%,随着年龄增大呈升高趋势（P<0.001）,农村儿童HBsAg阳性率（0.32%）高于城市儿童（0.16%,P<0.001）,有乙肝家族史儿童HBsAg阳性率（1.53%）高于无家族史儿童（0.22%,P<0.001）;1～12岁各年龄组儿童的抗-HBs阳性率为47.85%~71.43%,随着年龄增大呈降低趋势（P<0.001）,农村儿童抗-HBs阳性率（62.06%）低于城市儿童（66.81%,P<0.001）;1～12岁各年龄组儿童HBsAg与抗-HBs双阴性率为28.57%~51.98%,随着年龄增大呈升高趋势（P<0.001）,农村儿童HBsAg与抗-HBs双阴性率（37.62%）高于城市儿童（33.03%,P<0.001）,无乙肝免疫史儿童HBsAg与抗-HBs双阴性率为35.37%。结论绵阳市乙肝计划免疫工作取得显著成效,但不同特征儿童抗-HBs阳性率存在差异,乙型肝炎病毒易感儿童仍占一定比例,应重视新生儿乙肝疫苗的接种,积极开展儿童抗-HBs水平监测,对缺乏抗体保护的儿童实施加强免疫。     

PREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS B VIRAL MARKERS INHEPATITIS B ENDEMIC AREAS OF CHINA

Fifty patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) and 49 controls were assayed for he- patitis B virus (HBV) markers by radioimmunoas. say. The results showed that the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was positive in 43 0ut of 50 (8670) PHC patients and in 11 0ut of 49 (22.570) controls (p<0.001). Both anti-HBs and anti-HBc were present in six PHC patients and in 27 controls. The positive rate for at least one HBV marker was 9870, (49/50) in the PHC patients. The rellationship between HBsAg positivity and PHC in our young patients suggests that these individuals were infected by the HBV in their early life either by vertical transmission from the carrier mothers during the perinatal period or by close family contacts during the postnatal period. This study confirmed the strong geographic correla- tion between HBsAg prevalence and incidence of PHC.     

乙肝病毒标志阴性慢性病毒性肝炎患者HBV-DNA及肝组织中HBsAg、HBcAg检测的临床意义

目的:探讨HDVM阴性慢性肝炎患者血清HBV-DNA及组织中HBsAg、HBcAg检测的临床意义。方法:对24例原因不明的慢性肝炎患者应用酶联免疫,吸附试验(ELISA法)检测血清HBV-M(HBsAG、抗HBS、HBcAg、抗HBc、抗HBc),抗HAV-IGM,抗HCV-IgMI、gG,抗HDV-IgMI、GG,抗HEV-IGMI、GG,抗EBV-IGM,抗CMV-IgM,抗TTV-IgM:应用荧光定量聚合酶链反应(FQ-PCR)技术对患者进行血清中乙型肝炎病毒基因(HBVDNA)定量检测;应用免疫组化法,通过肝组织活检测定患者肝组织中HBsAg、HBcAg的表达情况。结果:24例HBVM阴性肝病患者中,6例可检测到HBV-DNA,其中5例肝组织中HBsAG、HBcAg同时阳性,1例HBsAg(+)、HBcAg(-);18例血清HBV-DNA阴性患者中用肝组织活检者3例,其中1例肝组织中HBsAg、HBcAg同时阳性。结论:HBVM阴性不能排除乙型肝炎病毒感染,应结合血清HBV-DNA测定及肝组织中HBcAg、HBcAg的检测,以防漏诊、误诊。     

启东市非新生儿期接种乙肝疫苗儿童远期效果观察

目的:了解非新生儿期接种乙肝疫苗儿童的远期效果。方法:上述对象(非新生儿组)在12岁时全程接种乙肝疫苗(10μg/支),同龄的对照组(新生儿组)0岁起全程接种乙肝疫苗(10μg/支)。18岁时两组对象静脉采血,检测HBsAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc和丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)。结果:非新生儿组与新生儿组相比:前者HBsAg(8.0%)、抗-HBs(62.3%)和抗-HBc(23.1%)阳性率显著高于后者HBsAg(2.0%)、抗-HBs(37.2%)和抗-HBc(4.5%)(P<0.001)。HBsAg阳性者中抗-HBc阳性率前者为100%,后者71.4%,P=0.035;抗-HBs阳性者中的抗-HBc阳性率前者为19.7%,后者6.0%,P=0.000。ALT异常率:前者(5.4%)和后者(6.4%)无显著差异(P=0.575)。将HB-sAg分为阳性者和HBsAg阴性者且进行组内比较时,两组HBsAg阴性者的ALT异常率(前者5.1%,后者6.4%)均显著高于HBsAg阳性者(前者0.6%,后者0.0%)(P=0.000)。结论:非新生儿期接种乙肝疫苗儿童在远期(18岁)仍具有较高抗-HBs阳性率,对HBV感染具有一定保护性;但HBV的感染标志HBsAg和抗-HBc高于新生儿期接种儿童。     

某校大学生乙型肝炎血清学标志物检测结果分析

目的了解目前大学生乙型肝炎的感染情况,探讨在大学生中乙肝病毒血清标志物的表现模式及其构成比,不同模式的传染性及流行病学意义。方法采用分层抽样法抽取某校227名在校大学生,用酶联免疫试验方法（ELISA）检测血清乙肝病毒表面抗原（HBsAg）、乙肝表面抗体（抗-HBs）,乙肝病毒e抗原（HBeAg）,乙肝病毒e抗体（抗-HBe）,乙肝病毒核心抗体（抗-HBc）,同时配以相应的问卷调查,收集相关的信息。用卡方检验分析乙肝总阳性率与各因素的关系。结果 227份血清标本检共出HBV血清标志物171份,总阳性率为75.3%。其中HBsAg阳性率为3.1%,抗-HBs阳性率为72.2%,HBeAg阳性率为1.3%,抗-HBe阳性率为5.3%,抗-HBc阳性率为11.0%,同时组成9种血清学模式。分析发现与乙肝总阳性率有关的因素有：是否接种过乙肝疫苗（χ2=16.646,P〈0.05）,来自农村还是城市（χ2=4.239,P〈0.05）。结论调查的大学生HBsAg携带率低于全国平均水平,抗-HBs阳性率高于全国平均水平,乙肝疫苗的接种有效地降低了乙肝感染率。     

2万外资企业员工健康体检ALT和两对半结果分析

目的 了解南京市外资企业员工乙型肝炎病毒感染状况与血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶的异常率。方法 对20000名体检者应用酶联免疫吸附法测定HBsAg、HBsAb、HBeAg、HBeAb、HBcAb，用速率法测定ALT。结果 HBsAg的阳性率为3．5％，ALT的异常率为8．38％。乙型肝炎病毒血清学标志物主要以HBsAg、HBeAb、HBcAb阳性（小三阳）和HBsAg．HBeAg、HBcAb阳性（大三阳）两种模式为主。结论 南京市外资企业员工体检者中的HBsAg的阳性率低于全国的HBsAg的阳性率，但员工中潜在着一定的乙肝病毒传播，仍要注意加强对乙肝的预防及治疗。     

Evidence of hepatitis virus infection among Australian prisoners of war during World War II

A sample of Australian male veterans of World War II was surveyed after 40 years. One hundred and seventy veterans had been held by the Japanese as prisoners of war and 172 veterans had served in southeast Asia but had not been taken captive (non-prisoners of war). A medical history was obtained and a physical examination undertaken. Blood was drawn and analysed for standard liver biochemistry and serological markers of hepatitis A and B virus (HAV, HBV) infections. The prevalence of immunoglobulin (Ig)G class antibodies to HAV was 95.2% in non-prisoners of war and 93.3% in prisoners of war. Only three cases of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seropositivity were identified (two cases from the prisoner-of-war group). Thirty-six (21.8%) prisoners of war were seropositive for the presence of antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs) and 34 (20.0%) prisoners of war for that of antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), compared with 16 (9.8%) and eight (4.7%) of the non-prisoners of war, respectively (P = 0.002 and P = 0.0001, respectively). Those veterans who reported jaundice during World War II had a higher prevalence of antibodies to HBV. Among prisoners of war who were forced to work on the Burma-Thailand railway, 24.1% were seropositive for anti-HBc compared with 11.1% of the remaining prisoners of war (P = 0.048). It would appear that hepatitis B was common in prisoners of war but that those who survived 40 years were able to clear the virus and do not appear to have significant liver disease.     

非甲-戊型病毒性肝炎72例临床分析

目的探讨非甲-戊型病毒性肝炎的临床特点.方法对72例非甲-戊型病毒性肝炎各型病人临床表现、肝功能变化及乙型肝炎病毒标记物检测结果进行分析.结果非甲-戊型病毒性肝炎其临床症状、体征及肝功能变化与一般肝炎基本相同.乙型肝炎病毒标记物：抗-HBs（-）、抗-HBe（-）、抗-HBc（-）的病例占75.0%,抗-HBs（＋）、抗-HBe（-）、抗-HBc（-）的病例占12.5%,抗-HBs（＋）、抗-HBe（＋）、抗-HBc（＋）的病例占5.6%,抗-HBs（＋）、抗-HBe（＋）、抗-HBc（-）的病例占2.8%,抗-HBs（-）、抗-HBe（＋）、抗-HBc（＋）的病例占2.8%,抗-HBs（-）、抗-HBe（＋）、抗-BHc（-）的病例占1.4%.结论非甲-戊型病毒性肝炎临床特点与普通肝炎无明显差别,但病程稍长,预后较好.少部分病人不排除HBV变异的可能性.