Sjōgren综合征女性患者外周血性激素水平的变化

综合征是一种以女性患者发病占明显优势的自身免疫病。作者采用放射免疫技术，对２０例Ｓｊｏｇｒｅｎ综合征女性患者外周血性激素水平进行了测定。结果显示：与对照组相比，Ｓｊｏｇｒｅｎ综合征女性患者外周血雌二醇水平无明显变化（Ｐ＞０．０５）；而孕酮升高，辜酮降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示性激素水平变化与综合征发病有一定关系。     

大涎腺肿瘤、囊肿、炎症手术前后唾液流量及SIgA、IgG、Lys变化的测定

本文拟就涎腺疾病术后对涎腺功能的影响进行了临床研究，通过手术前后唾液流量及免疫球蛋白的测定观察和配对比较，结果发现术后唾液流量为腮腺明显减少（Ｐ〈０．０５），颌下腺减少不明显（Ｐ〉０．０５），舌下腺不减少（Ｐ〉０．０５）．良性肿瘤及炎性病变术后唾液明显减少（Ｐ〈０．０５），恶性肿瘤减少不明显（Ｐ〉０．０５）．而免疫球蛋白含量在术后呈不同程度的增高，其中ＳＩｇＡ、ＩｇＧ无明显差异（Ｐ〉０．０５），Ｌｙｓ有明显差异（Ｐ〈０．０５）。因而提示，当某一侧涎腺切除后，可能导致混合唾液的流量减少，这是某些并发症的诱因，但唾液ＳＩｇＡ、ＩｇＧ和Ｌｙｓ的含量相对升高是一种有效的代，它对保护口腔组织有重要意义。     

甘露醇与维生素E对颌面部术后脂质过氧化作用的影响

本研究采用病例配对方法，观察术后应用２０％甘露醇ＶｉｔＥ组和未用药组各３０例患者口腔颌面部手术前后红细胞超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性和血浆过氧化脂质（ＬＰＯ）含量的变化。结果发现，实验组术后ＬＰＯ含量明显降低（Ｐ〈０．０１），ＳＯＤ活性无变化（Ｐ〉０．１），而对照组术后ＬＰＯ含量明显增高（Ｐ〈０．０１），ＳＯＤ活性亦明显增高（Ｐ〈０．０１），两组差值有显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．０５～０．００１）。实验组     

Sjoegren综合征中T细胞亚群值的测定

目的：研究Ｓｊｏｅｇｒｅｎ综合征中Ｔ细胞亚群和免疫球蛋白的变化，方法：应用单克隆抗体技术检测Ｔ细胞亚群，用单向免疫扩散法检测ＩｇＡ，ＩｇＧ，ＩｇＭ。结果：Ｓｊｏｅｇｒｅｎ综合征患者外周血中ＣＤ＾４降低（Ｐ〈０．０５），ＣＤ＾８升高（Ｐ〈０．０５），其程度与病情发展相一致，严重者ＣＤ＾４／ＣＤ＾８倒置，ＩｇＡ，ＩｇＧ，ＩｇＭ均升高（Ｐ〈０．０５），尤以ＩｇＧ显著（Ｐ〈０．０１），结论：Ｓｊｏｅｇｒｅ     

针刺对口腔复发性溃疡患者Ｔ细胞亚群的影响

目的：研究针刺治疗对口腔复发性溃疡（ＲＡＳ）患者Ｔ细胞群的影响，方法：对ＲＡＳ病人进行针刺治疗，采用矫联免疫法（ＡＰＡＡＰ法）测定治疗前后外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群ＣＤ^ 3,CD^ 4,CD^ 8。结论：治疗后患者ＣＤ^ 3无明显变化，ＣＤ^ 4有所增加（与治疗前及对照组相比较Ｐ＜０．０５），而ＣＤ^ 8却相对下降（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＣＤ^ 4/CD^ ８比值明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），结论：针刺治疗能改善患者ＣＤ^ 4,CD^ 48的数量异常，使ＣＤ^ 4/CD^ 8的数量异常，使ＣＤ^ 4/CD^ 8比值恢复到正常。     

Sjogren‘s综合征伴发白色念球菌感染的临床研究

作者对３８例Ｓｊｏｇｒｅｎ‘ｓ综合征（ＳＳ）患者合并白色念球菌感染情况进行了临床分析，结果显示：与对照组相比，ＳＳ患者口腔中白色念球菌感染的阳性率高于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０５）。同时发现白念感染的程度与唾流量多少关系密切，其中唾液不足６ｍｌ者，白念培养阳性率明显高于流量超过６ｍｌ者（Ｐ〈０．００１）。ＳＳ患者并发口腔念球菌感染常见的临床表现形成为舌乳头萎缩、发红，伴有重裂形式，另外，口角炎及义齿性口炎     

舍格伦综合征涎腺组织HLA－DR抗原表达的研究

作者对２１例舍格伦综合征（Ｓｊｏｇｒｅｎｓｙｎｄｒｏｍｅ，ＳＳ）患者的涎腺组织ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ抗原表达的免疫组织化学研究结果表明：ＳＳ涎腺组织中有ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ的异常表达（ａｂｅｒｒａｎｔｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ）。这些阳性着染，可见于导管细胞、腺泡细胞及部分淋巴细胞表面。与对照组相比，ＳＳ涎腺组织中此抗原表达的阳性率并无明显升高（Ｐ＞０．０５），但二者在反应强度方面有明显差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。这一结果提示，这种异常ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ抗原表达量的多少，对ＳＳ发病影响更为重要。在上述研究的基础上，对ＳＳ的病因学进行了探讨。     

Sjgren综合征中T细胞亚群值的测定

目的：研究Ｓｊｏｇｒｅｎ综合征中Ｔ细胞亚群和免疫球蛋白的变化。方法：应用单克隆抗体技术检测Ｔ细胞亚群,用单向免疫扩散法检测ＩｇＡ、ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ结果：Ｓｊｏｇｒｅｎ综合征患者外周血中 ＣＤ４降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）、ＣＤ８升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）,其程度与病情发展相一致,严重者ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８倒置。ＩｇＡ、ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ均升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）,尤以ＩｇＧ显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：Ｓｊｏｇｒｅ综合征中存在免疫调节异常。     

绝经期妇女灼口综合征唾液免疫球蛋白的研究

目的：研究绝经期妇女灼口综合征（ＢＭＳ）患者唾液流率及免疫球蛋白的变化。方法：对２９例绝经期妇女ＢＭＳ患者及２０例无ＢＭＳ的绝经期妇女的唾液流率,ｐＨ值及静态和动态混合唾液中ＳＩｇＡ,ＩｇＧ,ＩｇＭ进行观察,并行问卷调查。结果：ＢＭＳ组静态及动态混合唾液流及ｐＨ值差异无显著性意义（Ｐ〉０．０５）,而静态和动态混合唾液ＳＩｇＡ明显低于对照组,均有显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．０１）,ＩｇＭ明显高于对照组（分别     

慢性涎腺炎手术前后唾液流量及SIgA,IgG,溶菌酶变化的测定

目的 观察慢性化脓性涎腺炎行涎腺切除术对腺体功能的影响。方法 测定手术前后液流量及ＳＩｇＡ、ＩｇＧ和Ｌｙｓ的含量。结果 慢性腮腺炎手术后的唾液流量较术前明显减少（Ｐ〈０．０１）,慢性颌下腺炎手术后减少不明显（Ｐ〉０．０５）。唾液中ＳＩｇＡ、ＩｇＧ前后增加不明显（Ｐ〉０．０５）;而Ｌｙｓ有明显增加（Ｐ〈０．０５）。结论 某一侧腮腺或颌下腺切除后,可能导致混合唾液的流量减少,但唾液ＳＩｇＡ、ＩｇＧ和Ｌ     

干燥综合征临床诊断和中医辨证的探讨

目的为了寻求更适宜的干燥综合征诊断标准。方法采用１９９３年提出的欧洲标准诊断干燥综合征,并在此基础上运用中医理论进行从病辨证,探讨两者的一致性。结果欧洲标准诊断干燥综合征较以往采用的标准更具全面性和客观性,更能反映干燥综合征的发病特点,中医辨证认为干燥综合征发病以脾气虚和肝肾阴虚为主,与以往的辨证结果基本一致。结论为临床更好地诊断和中医治疗干燥综合征提供了一定的依据     

Management of sleep‐time masticatory muscle activity using stabilisation splints affects psychological stress

To treat sleep bruxism (SB), symptomatic therapy using stabilisation splints (SS) is frequently used. However, their effects on psychological stress and sleep quality have not yet been examined fully. The objective of this study was to clarify the effects of SS use on psychological stress and sleep quality. The subjects (11 men, 12 women) were healthy volunteers. A crossover design was used. Sleep measurements were performed for three consecutive days or longer without (baseline) or with an SS or palatal splint (PS), and data for the final day were evaluated. We measured masseter muscle activity during sleep using portable electromyography to evaluate SB. Furthermore, to compare psychological stress before and after sleep, assessments were made based on STAI‐JYZ and the measurement of salivary chromogranin A. To compare each parameter among the three groups (baseline, SS and PS), Friedman's and Dunn's tests were used. From the results of the baseline measurements, eight subjects were identified as high group and 15 as low group. Among the high group, a marked decrease in the number of bruxism events per hour and an increase in the difference in the total STAI Y‐1 scores were observed in the SS group compared with those at baseline (P < 0·05). No significant difference was observed in sleep stages. SS use may be effective in reducing the number of SB events, while it may increase psychological stress levels, and SS use did not apparently influence sleep stages.     

The periodontal status of patients with Sjögren''s syndrome

Abstract Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by xerostomia. Although a common observation in SS is increased susceptibility to caries, the level of periodontal disease has not been described in these individuals. The purpose of this study was to determine the periodontal status of 14 SS female subjects who had a mean age of 52.9±11.6 years. Plaque, gingival, and calculus indices as well as probing depth (PD) and attachment level (AL) were determined on 7 index teeth in each subject. Result indicated that individuals with Sjögren's Syndrome did not exhibit significant periodontal disease.     

Influence of technique and pouring time on dimensional stability of polyvinyl siloxane and polyether impressions

This study aimed to determine how impression technique and pouring time affect casts obtained using polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) and polyether (PE) impressions. A total of 480 impressions were taken using three techniques: single-step (SS), two-step (TS), and two-step with a spacer (TSS). Impressions were poured after 1 and 24 hours and 7 and 14 days. Significant differences (P < .01) were found between the TS technique and the SS and TSS methods as well as between PE and PVS (P < .01) in terms of the effects of pouring time. SS and TSS yielded similar dimensional results, while greater dimensional change was induced with TS. PE impressions had to be poured no later than 7 days after preparation to ensure dimensional stability.     

Erosive effect of an antihistamine-containing syrup on primary enamel and its reduction by fluoride dentifrice

AIM: This study evaluated the action of an antihistamine-containing syrup (Claritin D) on enamel that was subsequently submitted or not to applications of fluoride dentifrice. METHODS; Two hundred sixty-four slices (n=44 per subgroup) prepared from exfoliated primary molars were evaluated in hardness tests. Six subgroups were submitted to different treatments for 10 days. The controls underwent pH cycling with (positive control) or without (negative control) three daily immersions in fluoride dentifrice/distilled water slurry. The test subgroups related to daytime use of the antihistamine syrup underwent pH cycling and two 5-min applications of Claritin D, coupled or not to the three daily immersions in the fluoride slurry. The subgroups related to nocturnal use of the syrup were submitted to the same procedures of daytime subgroups, respectively, but with one of the applications of Claritin D lasting for 8 h. RESULTS: The median hardness values obtained after use of the syrup were significantly lower than the initial ones. Equivalent values for subgroups submitted to fluoride applications in addition to treatment with the syrup were significantly higher. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the antihistamine-containing syrup reduced the hardness of primary enamel and that, in this experiment, the use of fluoride dentifrice was able to diminish this erosive effect.     

Free sugar concentration and pH of paediatric medicines in Brazil

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine free sugar concentration and pH of paediatric syrup medicines. Setting Ten paediatric syrup medicines most frequently prescribed in urban centres in Brazil were randomly chosen to be tested. OUTCOME MEASURES: Three different bottles from each type of syrup medicine were analysed (n = 30). Analysis of free sugars was performed using normal phase High-Performance Liquid Cromatography (HPLC). Quantification of free sugars was achieved by peak height comparison with standards of sucrose, fructose, glucose and sorbitol (Merck). The results were average of replicates from three bottles of each medicine. The pH of the three different bottles of each medicine was determined using a digital pHmeter (Analion - PM 600). RESULTS: Sucrose and glucose were detected in seven of the ten types of paediatric syrup medicines, with concentrations varying from 3.7 to 49.4% (w/w) (Median 32.7%) and 2.1 to 23.2% (w/w) (Median = 6.1%), respectively. Only two medicines contained fructose, and three, sorbitol, with respective medians of 12.8% (3.1-22.4%) and 24.6% (22.8-27.4%). The median of pH values was 4.9 (2.6-6.1). CONCLUSIONS: Most paediatric syrup medicines showed high concentration of free sugars and pH below the critical value (5.5), which can increase their cariogenic and erosive potentials.     

Which orthodontic archwire sequence? A randomized clinical trial

The aim of this study was to compare three orthodontic archwire sequences. One hundred and fifty-four 10- to 17-year-old patients were treated in three centres and randomly allocated to one of three groups: A = 0.016-inch nickel titanium (NiTi), 0.018 x 0.025-inch NiTi, and 0.019 x 0.025-inch stainless steel (SS); B = 0.016-inch NiTi, 0.016-inch SS, 0.020-inch SS, and 0.019 x 0.025-inch SS; and C = 0.016 x 0.022-inch copper (Cu) NiTi, 0.019 x 0.025-inch CuNiTi, and 0.019 x 0.025-inch SS. At each archwire change and for each arch, the patients completed discomfort scores on a seven-point Likert scale at 4 hours, 24 hours, 3 days, and 1 week. Time in days and the number of visits taken to reach a 0.019 x 0.025-inch SS working archwires were calculated. A periapical radiograph of the upper left central incisor was taken at the start of the treatment and after placement of the 0.019 x 0.025-inch SS wire so root resorption could be assessed. There were no statistically significant differences between archwire sequences A, B, or C for patient discomfort (P > 0.05) or root resorption (P = 0.58). The number of visits required to reach the working archwire was greater for sequence B than for A (P = 0.012) but this could not be explained by the increased number of archwires used in sequence B.     

Evaluation of the load system produced by a single intrusion bend in a maxillary lateral incisor bracket with different alloys

Objectives:To evaluate if a 0.5-mm vertical bend applied on an incisor bracket produces movements in other planes and if different wires influence these effects.Materials and Methods:An acrylic model of a treated patient with brackets passively bonded was attached to an Orthodontic Force Tester, and a load cell was attached to the left lateral incisor. Thirty 0.019 × 0.025-inch archwires were divided into three groups according to their alloy: SS (stainless steel), B-Ti (beta-titanium), and MF (beta-titanium wire coated with nickel-titanium). Step-bends of 0.5 mm high were placed on the lateral incisor bracket using a universal plier, and the forces and moments in three dimensions were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test.Results:SS produced a larger force (3.4 N) than the B-Ti (1.41 N) and the MF (0.53 N; P < .001). Lingual forces were produced by the SS (0.82 N) and B-Ti (0.31 N) groups, while in the MF group, the force was insignificant. SS produced a mesial force of 0.24 N, while the B-Ti force was insignificant and MF produced 0.09 N. Groups produced different crown-distal tipping moments (SS = 31.48 N-mm, B-Ti = 11.7 N-mm, and MF = 4.55 N-mm) and different crown-buccal tipping moments. SS produced larger moments (3.63 N-mm) than B-Ti (1.02 N-mm) and MF (0.36 N-mm) wires. A mesial-out rotational moment was observed in all groups (SS = 7.17 N-mm, B-Ti = 3.46 N-mm, and MF = 0.86 N-mm).Conclusions:A 0.5-mm intrusion bend produced lingual and mesial side effects. In addition to the distal and buccal crown-tipping moments, there was a mesial-out moment. Compared with SS, B-Ti and MF wires produced lower forces. These more flexible wires showed side effects with lesser intensity.     

85例舍格伦综合征腮腺表现的临床分析与探讨

目的　为了明确舍格伦综合征腮腺表现的特点;以及与其它临床表现之间的关系。方法　对85例舍格伦综合征患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,并结合文献进一步进行探讨。结果　舍格伦综合征的腮腺表现以炎症型最多;肥大型次之;类肿瘤型最少;三者与口干燥之间的关系存在显著差异;部分患者有恶变可能。结论　舍格伦综合征腮腺表现的特点是该病诊断的一个重要依据,临床应引起重视     

Effect of bleaching on color change and refractive index of dental composite resins

This study investigated the effects of three bleaching agents (Whiteness Perfect, Whiteness Super, and Whiteness HP) on the color change and refractive index of three dental composites (Admira, Durafill VS, and Gradia Direct). Twenty disk-shaped specimens (10 x 2 mm) of each composite were prepared and divided into four subgroups (n=5). An unbleached group was used as a control, while the remaining specimens in the three subgroups were bleached with one of the bleaching agents respectively. Color change was assessed according to CIELAB color system and refractive indices were determined by phase modulated spectroscopic ellipsometry. Color differences between bleaching and baseline value (DeltaE) were less than 3.3 for all groups. However, bleaching with Whiteness HP led to noticeable color changes for Admira and Durafill VS. While this agent had no effect on the refractive indices of these composites, the other two agents containing carbamide peroxide increased their refractive indices. Therefore, results suggested that replacement of such composite restorations may be required after bleaching.