Pulmonary amyloidosis with pulmonary arteriovenous fistula

A 77-year-old man was found to have multiple pulmonary amyloidoma and arteriovenous (AV) fistula of the lungs. Massive deposits of amyloid were present in the vascular wall, which apparently caused the fistula.     

Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula with bilharzial pulmonary hypertension

Congenital pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae, provided that they are not present in very large numbers, are best managed surgically, and there is no effective alternative management. Where pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae develop as a consequence of pulmonary hypertension it is rational to resect the fistulae if the cause of pulmonary hypertension - for example, mitral stenosis - is correctable. Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula in the presence of unexplained or uncorrectable pulmonary hypertension may be the safety valve on which life depends and should, therefore, not be resected. An example is reported of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula associated with bilharzial pulmonary hypertension in which resection of the fistula resulted in death.     

Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula with bilharzial pulmonary hypertension

Congenital pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae, provided that they are not present in very large numbers, are best managed surgically, and there is no effective alternative management. Where pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae develop as a consequence of pulmonary hypertension it is rational to resect the fistulae if the cause of pulmonary hypertension - for example, mitral stenosis - is correctable. Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula in the presence of unexplained or uncorrectable pulmonary hypertension may be the safety valve on which life depends and should, therefore, not be resected. An example is reported of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula associated with bilharzial pulmonary hypertension in which resection of the fistula resulted in death.     

Giant renal aneurysm with arteriovenous fistula

A hypertensive 78-year-old woman was admitted with continuous abdominal pain and nausea and was diagnosed with right giant renal artery aneurysm (RAA; 70 mm in diameter) by means of abdominal computed tomography. Aortography demonstrated huge RAA with arteriovenous fistula visualizing the inferior vena cava at arterial phase. Nephrectomy was performed and the patient has had an uneventful postoperative course.     

Endovascular closure of a large renal arteriovenous fistula.

A case is described of a large renal arteriovenous fistula causing long-term cardiovascular complications. Successful percutaneous embolization was achieved using temporary occlusion balloons, Guglielmi detachable coils, regular nondetachable spring coils, and cyanacrylate. The advanced therapeutic tools we used can improve the prognosis of patients with large and complicated arteriovenous fistulas and prevent surgery.     

Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula associated with Caroli's disease. Case report

The case of a 26-yr-old man with a pulmonary arteriovenous fistula associated with a similar angiopathy of the liver and spleen is described. This patient also developed so-called Caroli's disease.     

Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. Apropos of 12 cases

Arteriovenous fistula of the lung is a relatively rare lesion with various clinical manifestations. It may be clinically silent and discovered by chance on X-ray films of the chest or during evaluation of Rendu-Osler-Weber disease with which it is associated in about one-half of the cases. It may also have loud manifestations when complicated. The fistula is diagnosed in successive steps, mainly by respiratory function tests and pulmonary angiography. Conservative treatment should be the rule, especially in case with multiple fistulae, but it must begin at an early stage to avoid the dramatic complications of this abnormality, such as acute neurological disorders, haemoptysis, haemothorax, etc. Wide and crippling lung resection must be avoided. Aneurysmorrhaphy or embolization is sufficient to cure most of these multiple angiomas. The results obtained are measured by calculating the blood flow rate in the shunt, as it should theoretically disappear after surgery.     

Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula in association with recurrent cerebral abscess

Cerebral abscess secondary to a pulmonary arteriovenous malformation is rare, but a definite entity. A case is reported of a woman treated for a cerebral abscess on 2 separate occasions, where a right lower lobectomy and removal of a pulmonary arteriovenous fistula has resulted in cure.     

Esophageal-pulmonary fistula in a patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus

Acquired eso-respiratory fistulae are usually consecutive to an eso-tracheal or an eso-bronchial fistula. Esophago-pulmonary fistulae have been rarely described. We report a case of esophago-pulmonary fistula in a patient with esophageal carcinoma. Our patient presented progressive necrotizing pneumonia. CT scan of the thorax demonstrated necrosis of the esophagal wall and communication between the esophagus and the lung parenchyma. Furthermore, the biochemical analysis of the lung abcess fluid revealed a high level of amylase. Outcome was poor despite drainage of the lung abcess and insertion of an esophageal stent. Based on this case, we reviewed the cases of esophago-pulmonary fistulae described in the literature.