血清分泌型卷曲相关蛋白5与中老年2型糖尿病代谢性炎症综合征的关系

目的探讨血清分泌型卷曲相关蛋白(SFRP)-5与中老年2型糖尿病(T2DM)代谢性炎症综合征(MIS)的关系。方法选取T2DM患者、T2DM合并MIS患者和体检健康者作为研究对象,年龄≥45岁。分为3组:体检健康组(对照组);单纯糖尿病组(T2DM组);T2DM合并MIS组(MIS组)。观察年龄、病程、体重指数(BMI)、腰围、臀围、腰臀比、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、空腹血浆胰岛素(FINS)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞介素(IL)-1、血清SFRP-5等指标。结果 MIS组年龄、BMI、SBP、DBP、腰围、臀围、腰臀比均显著高于对照组及T2DM组(均P0.05);MIS组病程显著高于T2DM组(P0.05)。MIS组TG、FPG、HbA1c、HDL-C、LDL-C、hs-CRP、FINS、HOMA-IR、IL-1、SFRP-5等生化指标与对照组及T2DM组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。血清SFRP-5水平与病程、BMI、SBP、DBP、腰围、臀围、腰臀比、TG、TC、FPG、HbA1c、LDL-C、hs-CRP、FINS、HOMA-IR、IL-1呈负相关(均P0.05),与HDL-C呈正相关(P0.05),病程、BMI、FINS、FPG、HOMA-IR和IL-1是SFRP-5的独立影响因素(P0.05)。结论血清SFRP-5与中老年T2DM合并MIS患者的病程、BMI、FINS、FPG、HOMA-IR及IL-1密切关联,建议将其作为T2DM合并MIS的临床观察指标。     

血清分泌型卷曲相关蛋白4水平与胰岛β细胞功能的相关性研究

目的探讨不同糖耐量状态下分泌型卷曲相关蛋白4(SFRP4)与胰岛β细胞第一时相分泌功能的关系。方法新诊断2型糖尿病患者56例(T2DM 组);糖耐量受损52例(IGT 组);正常对照者42名(NGT 组)。行静脉葡萄糖耐量试验,ELISA 法测定空腹血清 SFRP4及白细胞介素(IL)-1β水平。计算急性胰岛素分泌反应( AIR)、第一时相(0~10 min)胰岛素分泌曲线下面积( AUC)、葡萄糖处置指数(GDI)、稳态模型评估的胰岛β细胞功能指数(HOMA-β)及胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)。探讨 SFRP4与AIR、AUC、GDI、HOMA-IR、HOMA-β的关系。结果(1)T2DM 组和 IGT 组血清 SFRP4水平显著高于 NGT组[(184.38±61.34和141.64±40.46对95.46±20.13)ng/ ml, P<0.01];T2DM 组和 IGT 组 AIR、AUC、GDI显著低于 NGT 组(P<0.01),且在 T2DM 组最低;(2)SFRP4与 HOMA-β、AIR、AUC、GDI 呈显著负相关(P<0.01),与空腹血糖、餐后2 h 血糖、HbA1C、IL-1β、超敏 C 反应蛋白呈正相关(P<0.01);(3)多元逐步回归分析显示,AUC、HOMA-IR、血清 IL-1β水平是 SFRP4的独立影响因素。结论血清 SFRP4水平与糖代谢状态密切相关,且与胰岛β细胞第一时相分泌功能及慢性低度炎症反应有关,SFRP4可能参与2型糖尿病的发生发展。     

体力活动水平与老年2型糖尿病合并代谢性炎症综合征血清SFRP-5、白细胞介素-1、超敏C反应蛋白炎症因子的相关性

目的探讨体力活动水平(PAL)与老年2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并代谢性炎症综合征(MIS)血清分泌型卷曲相关蛋白(SFRP)-5、白细胞介素(IL)-1、高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)炎症因子的相关性。方法选取在贵阳市第一人民医院体检健康者和住院治疗的T2DM患者、T2DM合并MIS患者作为研究对象,年龄≥60岁,分为健康组、T2DM组、MIS组(T2DM合并MIS)3个组。观察年龄、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、体重指数(BMI)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、空腹血浆胰岛素(FINS)、空腹血糖(FPG)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、血清SFRP-5、IL-1、hs-CRP等指标;采用国际体力活动问卷-长问卷(IPAQ)结合自行设计人口学特征对研究对象过去7 d PAL进行调查统计,根据PAL分为高、中、低3个组,对不同PAL组间血清SFRP-5、IL-1、hs-CRP进行比较,并进行相关性分析;结果 MIS组PAL、SBP、DBP、BMI、TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、FPG、FINS、HOMA-IR、HbA1c、hs-CRP、SFRP-5、IL-1等指标与健康组、T2DM组比较,差异有统计学意义(均P0.001),MIS组身体总活动量显著低于健康组和T2DM组(P0.001),不同PAL分组血清SFRP-5、IL-1、hs-CRP比较差异均有统计学意义(均P0.001);相关性分析显示,PAL与SFRP-5呈正相关,与IL-1、hs-CRP负相关(均P0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,每周锻炼次数、每次锻炼时间、PAL是影响T2DM合并MIS的主要因素;结论 PAL与血清SFRP-5、IL-1、hs-CRP炎症因子关系密切,老年T2DM合并MIS患者PAL偏低,建议适量提高PAL,以增强机体免疫力。     

血清分泌型卷曲相关蛋白5与早期糖尿病肾病的相关性研究

目的探讨糖尿病慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)患者血清分泌型卷曲相关蛋白5(SFRP5)与早期糖尿病肾病(EDN)的相关性。方法选择新诊断单纯T2DM患者43例、EDN患者42例,另选择健康体检者(NC)42名。ELISA测定空腹血清SFRP5水平。结果 3组血清SFRP5水平依次为:NC组(5.02±0.69)μg/L,T2DM组(4.37±0.53)μg/L和EDN组(3.76±0.49)μg/L(P0.05或P0.01)。血清SFRP5水平与胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、FIns、FPG、HbA1c、BMI、IL-6、TG、TNF-α、UAER、尿白蛋白/肌酐(UAlb/Cr)、病程呈负相关(r=-0.573、-0.522、-0.589、-0.601、-0.467、-0.515、-0.542、-0.647、-0.592、-0.638、-0.553,P0.05或P0.01),与SOD呈正相关(r=0.603,P0.01)。多元逐步回归分析显示,HOMA-IR、TNF-α、UAlb/Cr是SFRP5的独立影响因素。结论EDN患者血清SFRP5水平降低,血清SFRP5与EDN的严重程度相关。     

2型糖尿病合并代谢综合征患者颈动脉内膜——中层厚度与ICAM-1及胰岛素抵抗的关系

目的探讨2型糖尿病（T2DM）合并代谢综合征（MS）患者颈动脉内膜-中层厚度（CIMT）与细胞间黏附分子-1（ICAM-1）及胰岛素抵抗的关系。方法将108例T2DM患者按有无MS分为两组,分别进行血压、血糖、血脂、空腹血清胰岛素及ICAM-1检测,并行B超检查测量CIMT。结果与不合并MS组比较,T2DM合并MS组CIMT增厚（P〈0．05）,血清ICAM-1、胰岛素、BMI、血压、TG、胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）均明显升高（P均〈0．05）,MS组分数越多,ICAM-1水平越高,CIMT越厚。多元逐步回归分析显示,CIMT与ICAM-1、年龄、HOMA—IR呈正相关。结论T2DM合并MS患者较不合并MS患者血清ICAM-1升高,CIMT增厚。     

老年2型糖尿病患者空腹血清真胰岛素水平与血脂的关系

目的　探讨老年 2型糖尿病 T2 DM(T2 DM)患者空腹血清真胰岛素水平与血脂的关系。方法　对正常糖耐量 (NGT)组 50例、T2 DM组 87例 T2 DM伴原发性高血压 (T2 DM EH)组 76例应用 BA- ELISA法测定空腹血清真胰岛素 (TI) ,应用放射免疫法测定免疫反应胰岛素 (IRI) ,应用酶法检测血脂。结果　 T2 DM组和 T2 DM EH组甘油三酯 (TG)与 TI呈显著正相关 (P<0 .0 1 ) ,高密度脂蛋白 (HDL- C)在 T2 DM和 T2 DM EH组与 TI呈负相关 (P<0 .0 5) ,TG、HDL- C与 IRI均无相关性 (P>0 .0 5)。结论　老年 T2 DM患者空腹血清 TI水平与脂代谢异常有关 ,空腹血清TI水平的升高会引起 TG的升高和 HDL- C的降低     

湖北长盛川青砖茶对2型糖尿病合并血脂异常患者胰岛素抵抗、血脂的影响

目的观察湖北长盛川青砖茶对2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者胰岛素抵抗、血脂的影响。方法选择40例健康人为对照组。77例T2DM合并血脂异常患者随机分为饮用青砖茶组39例、基础治疗组38例。观察饮长盛川青砖茶前后稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、空腹胰岛素(FIns)、白细胞介素(IL)-6、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、对氧磷酶(pon)3、鸢尾素(Irisin)、胰岛素用量(insulin dosage)的变化。结果青砖茶组、基础治疗组HOMA-IR、FIns、IL-6、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平显著高于对照组(P0.05,P0.01),pon3、Irisin、SOD、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL)-C显著低于对照组(P0.05,P0.01);血清pon3、Irisin、SOD水平与HOMA-IR呈负相关(P0.05,P0.01),空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、FIns、IL-6与HOMA-IR正相关(P0.05,P0.01);回归分析显示:pon3、Irisin、IL-6是HOMA-IR的独立影响因素。青砖茶组饮长盛川青砖茶后pon3、Irisin、SOD水平显著上升,insulin dosage、IL-6、HOMA-IR、TG显著下降(P0.05)。结论长盛川青砖茶改善了T2DM患者的胰岛素抵抗、脂代谢,减少了胰岛素用量。     

2型糖尿病合并急性心肌梗死患者血清内脂素水平及阿托伐他汀钙的干预作用

目的观察2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者血清内脂素含量及生化、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)等指标变化及阿托伐他汀钙(立普妥)干预作用。方法单纯T2DM组64例和T2DM合并AMI组72例均给予立普妥;另选择72名健康人为对照组给予安慰剂,测定给药前后血清内脂素含量及生化、HbA1c等指标。结果单纯T2DM组和T2DM合并AMI组血清内脂素、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、HbA1c、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、空腹血糖(FPG)、甘油三酯(TG)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)均明显高于对照组(均P<0.05),其中T2DM合并AMI组血清内脂素、TG、FPG、HOMA-IR值明显高于单纯T2DM组,HDL-C低于单纯T2DM组(均P<0.05);血清内脂素和HOMA-IR是合并AMI的危险因素。治疗6个月后单纯T2DM组与T2DM合并AMI组HOMA-IR与内脂素水平均较干预前降低(P<0.01)。结论血清内脂素是T2DM合并AMI的高危因素,他汀类药物可降低血清中内脂素含量,进而降低HOMA-IR的含量,延缓疾病发展。     

老年2型糖尿病病人血清vaspin水平与肥胖及胰岛素抵抗相关性研究

目的探讨老年2型糖尿病(T2DM)病人血清脂肪特异性丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂(vaspin)水平与肥胖及胰岛素抵抗之间的相关性。方法选择老年人240例,根据美国糖尿病学会(ADA) 2010年推荐的T2DM诊断标准,分为DM组和健康对照组(NC组)。每组再根据体质量指数(BMI)是否≥25分为肥胖组和正常体质量组,分别为正常体质量DM组(NWD组),肥胖DM组(OD组),正常体质量NC组(NWC组),肥胖NC组(OC组)。测量其腰围、臀围、身高、体质量,计算腰臀比(WHR)及BMI,测定腹内脂肪及皮下脂肪百分比,检测空腹血糖(FBG)、75 g葡萄糖负荷后餐后2 h血糖(2hPBG)、糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG),计算稳态模型的胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR),采用酶联免疫吸附法测定空腹血清vaspin浓度。结果各组间血清vaspin浓度比较,DM组显著高于NC组(P0. 01),OD组显著高于NWD组(P0. 05),OC组显著高于NWC组(P0. 05),NWD组显著高于NWC组(P0. 05)。Pearson相关分析显示:DM病人血清vaspin浓度与BMI、腰臀比、体脂百分比、HOMA-IR均呈正相关(r=0. 75、0. 79、0. 81、0. 76,P均0. 05)。线性回归分析显示,BMI(B=1. 536,P0. 05)及HOMA-IR(B=1. 932,P0. 01)是影响血清vaspin浓度的独立因素。结论老年T2DM病人血清vaspin水平与BMI、HOMA-IR相关,vaspin可能在T2DM病人肥胖和胰岛素抵抗方面发挥着重要的代偿作用。     

细胞角蛋白18与合并2型糖尿病的慢性丙型肝炎患者肝纤维化的相关性研究

目的探讨血清细胞角蛋白18(Cytokeratin 18,CK18)水平与合并2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)的慢性丙型肝炎(chronic hepatitis C,CHC)患者肝纤维化程度的相关性。方法对32例CHC合并T2DM(CHC+T2DM组)、78例非合并T2DM的CHC患者(CHC组),采集人体学资料并开展空腹血糖、ALT、AST、脂代谢指标、胰岛素、CK18-M30水平、HCV RNA载量及HCV基因型等检测,以稳态模型法计算胰岛素抵抗指数(homeostasis model assessment,HOMA-IR),同时运用瞬时弹性成像技术(transient elastography,TE)测量肝脏硬度值(liver stiffness measurement,LSM)并进行APRI评分。结果 CHC+T2DM组基因1b型所占比例、血清胰岛素、CK18-M30水平、HOMA-IR、LSM及APRI评分均显著高于CHC组(P 0. 05)。CHC+T2DM组HOMA-IR与APRI评分、LSM及血清CK18-M30水平均呈正相关(r=0. 91、0. 84、0. 71,P=0. 00);血清CK18-M30水平与APRI评分及LSM也呈正相关(r=0. 89、0. 76,P=0. 00)。结论合并T2DM的CHC患者血清CK18-M30水平、IR和肝纤维化程度均高于单纯CHC患者,血清CK18-M30水平不仅可反映肝纤维化程度,还可反映机体IR水平。     

肿瘤病人弓形虫感染分析

在肿瘤的发生和发展进程中 ,多伴有免疫功能低下或缺陷 ,从而极易遭受各种感染。弓形虫是机会感染因子 ,当患者免疫功能受损时 ,易于感染 ,还会使隐性感染激活 ,引起低热不退、淋巴结肿和脑神经系统的反应 ,此现象尚未引起临床医师的重视。近年来 ,我们对 4 0 9例肿瘤病人进行了弓形虫感染及弓形虫病的分析观察 ,报告如下 :1　材料与方法1 1　材料　 30 4例病人血清取自江西省肿瘤医院住院或门诊病人 ,随机抽样后低温保存待检 ,10 5例取自其他医院送检样品 ,有急性症状者随到随检 ,以便及时做病原学检测。1 2　弓形虫病诊断方法1 2 1　免疫…     

A patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis presenting with perforated peritonitis

We report a patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis, who underwent urgent surgical treatment for perforated peritonitis. The 54-year-old man suddenly developed cramping abdominal pain and fever while hospitalized, with signs of peritoneal irritation. An emergency laparotomy was performed, and severe stenosis of the rectum and a perforated lesion on the oral side approximately 10 cm distant from the stenosis were found, with massive abdominal purulent fluid. He was treated by rectosigmoid colon resection with transverse colon loop colostomy. Histopathologically, the stenosis was caused by ulceration extending to all muscular layers of the rectum, with inflammatory changes. Benign rectal stenosis is so rare that differential diagnosis from malignancy may be difficult when there are inflammatory changes in the surrounding tissues. However, it is necessary to keep in mind the likelihood of this disease in differentiation from rectal cancer. Received: December 21, 1998 / Accepted: May 28, 1999     

Infection with Rhodococcus equi in a patient with sarcoidosis treated with corticosteroids

A 51-year-old female farmer was diagnosed as having sarcoidosis. During 4 years of observation, slow radiological progression was observed. Cough then developed, necessitating treatment with corticosteroids. After 28 months of continuous treatment with prednisolone in low doses (5-7.5 mg daily), she suffered fever episodes, recurrent haemoptyses, general malaise and loss of weight. A chest roentgenogram showed a left upper lobe infiltrate, which progressed and finally cavitated, and rib destruction. Despite efforts, including a thoracotomy, 22 months passed before a diagnosis could be made. Blood and sputum cultures and cultures from the destroyed rib showed growth of Rhodococcus equi, a common soil organism which can cause infections in foals and other animals. Treatment with rifampicin and erythromycin was successful. R. equi has been reported to cause infection in patients with neoplastic disease and/or immunosuppression, but the disease might be more common than is suggested by the sparse case reports in the literature, owing to lack of familiarity with the organism, which will tend to be overlooked as a contaminant.     

Evaluation of atrial vulnerability with transoesophageal stimulation in patients with atrioventricular junctional: Comparison with patients with ventricular pre-excitation and with normal subjects

The aim of our work was to evaluate the inducibility of atrialfibrillation in a group of patients with atrioventricular junctionalreentrant tachycardia and to compare it with that of patientswith a Kent-type ventricular pre-excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-Whitesyndrome) and a control group. One hundred and twenty-five subjects were separated into groups.Group 1 comprised 49 Wolff-Parkinson-White patients, with amean age of 26.4, range 10.66 years; group 2, 51 patients withatrioventricular junctional reentrant tachycardia inducibleby transoesophageal atrial stimulation andlor clinically documented,with a mean age of 43.4, range 16–78 years; group 3, 25control subjects with a mean age of2.64, range 13–76 years. Each subject underwent atrial transoesophageal stimulation withthe following protocol: programmed atrial stimulation with 1and 2 stimuli during atrial pacing of 100. min^–1 and 150.min^–1; atrial stimulation for 10 s at a rate of 200–300–400–500–600.min^–1 with intervals of 10 s between stimulations, fivesuccessive ‘ramp-up’ atrial stimulations for 9 swith the rate increasing from 100 to 800. min^–1 with intervalsof 10 s between stimulations. The end point was the completionof the protocol or induction of sustained atrial fibrillation(>1 min). The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Our resultsshowed that in group 1 atrial fibrillation was induced in 27149patients (55.1%); this was sustained in 13149 (26.5%) and non-sustainedin 14149 (28.5%); in group 2, atrial fibrillation was inducedin 22151 patients (43.0%); it was sustained in 7151 (13.7%)and non-sustained in 15151 (29.4%); in group 3, sustained atrialfibrillation was not induced in any subject and in only onesubject was a non-sustained atrial fibrillation (4 s) induced. The chi-square test showed that group 2 vs group 1 were non-significant,while group 2 vs group 3 and group 1 vs group 3 were significant(P<0.003 and P<0.0007, respectively). Therefore group 2 patients showed a greater atrial vulnerabilityin comparison to the control subjects and a similar vulnerabilityto group 1 patients. It is possible that the greater atrialvulnerability in the patients of group 2 was due to the doublenodal pathway.     

Treating patients with lupus with B-cell depletion

A new era in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus has dawned with the increasing introduction of monoclonal antibodies and other approaches, that target the key molecules involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. At present the ability to block the CD20 molecule on those B cells that carry this marker has proved the most effective way to treat patients resistant to conventional immunosuppressive drugs. However, these studies have all been open label and the results of double blind controlled studies are eagerly awaited.