辛伐他汀与非诺贝特治疗高脂血症伴胰岛素抵抗的比较

目的观察比较辛伐他汀与非诺贝特治疗高脂血症伴胰岛素抵抗的疗效。方法96例高脂血症伴胰岛素抵抗患者随机分成两组，一组给予辛伐他汀20mg，口服，Qd；另一组给予非诺贝特100mg，口服，Tid。疗程均为3个月。结果两组治疗后与治疗前比较均能降低甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL—C）并能升高高密度脂蛋白（HDL-C），差异有显著性（P〈0．01），但辛伐他汀组与非诺贝特组治疗后比较其降低TC、LDL—C以及升高HDL—C更显著（P〈0．01），而非诺贝特降低TG水平较辛伐他汀更显著（P〈0．01），辛伐他汀治疗前后比较及与非诺贝特治疗后比较显示空腹胰岛素（FINS）及胰岛素敏感指数（ISI）差异有显著性（P〈0．05），而二者FBG、ALT、Cr的比较无统计学意义。结论辛伐他汀和非诺贝特均是有效的降脂药物，辛伐他汀在治疗高脂血症伴胰岛素抵抗患者中具有更好的前景。     

血脂康胶囊治疗高脂血症的临床观察

本38例高脂血症患，服用血脂康胶囊治疗4周，血清胆固醇（TC）、甘油三脂（TG）及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL—C）均显下降（P〈0．01）；而高密度脂胆白胆固醇（HDL—C）轻度升高（P〈0．05）；且无明显不良反应。提示血脂康胶囊是安全有效的调脂药物。我们用血脂胶囊治疗原发性高脂血症，观察临床疗效。     

高脂血症、胰岛素抵抗、体重指数与2型糖尿病脂肪肝的关系探讨

目的高脂血症、探讨胰岛素抵抗、体重指数与2型糖尿病脂肪肝（DFL）的关系。方法对2型糖尿病合并脂肪肝的患者进行身高、体重、空腹血糖（FBG）、血脂（TG、TC、HDL、LDL）、血浆胰岛素（FINS）测定,计算胰岛素敏感指数（IsI）、体重指数（BMI）,同时检查是否合并其他的糖尿病慢性并发症．并与2型糖尿病非脂肪肝患者进行比较。结果2型糖尿病合并脂肪肝组与未并发脂肪肝组相比TG、TC、LDL、FINS、FBG、BMI均升高,HDL、ISI降低（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论2型糖尿病合并脂肪肝患者存在脂代谢紊乱、胰岛素抵抗及超重,而且大血管的并发症发生率较高。对2型糖尿病尽可能防止高胰岛素血症,控制血糖,维持正常血脂,减少胰岛素抵抗（IR）,对预防和减少2型糖尿病脂肪肝的发生具有重要意义。     

冠心病患者血清脂联素水平及与胰岛素抵抗、冠状动脉狭窄的关系

目的 探讨脂联素及胰岛素抵抗与冠心病（CHD）患者冠状动脉狭窄的关系。方法 选取CHD患者39例及健康对照者21例，用酶联免疫吸附法检测各组空腹血清脂联素浓度，测定各组的空腹血糖（FBG）、空腹胰岛素（FINS）等指标，采用稳态模型法计算胰岛素敏感指数（ISI），同时进行冠状动脉造影，分析血清脂联素及ISI与冠状动脉狭窄的关系。结果 CHD组与对照组比较，存在高胰岛素血症（P〈0．05）、ISI增高（P〈0．05）和血清脂联素水平降低（P〈0．01）。随冠脉病变支数的增加，FINS和ISI明显增高，2支病变组、3支病变组FINS和ISI显著高于1支病变组（P〈0．05）。相关分析显示，冠心病各亚组，血清脂联素水平与空腹胰岛素之间呈负相关（r=-0．291，P=0．040），与ISI呈正相关（r=0．325，P=0．021），而与冠状动脉病变支数无明显相关。结论 血清脂联素水平，胰岛素抵抗与冠心病发生率成正比，胰岛素抵抗与冠状动脉病变程度密切相关。     

2型糖尿病肾病与血脂及胰岛素抵抗相关性分析

目的 探讨血脂变化及胰岛素抵抗与2型糖尿病肾病病变程度的关系。方法 根据尿清蛋白肌酐比（ACR）将190例2型糖尿病（DM）患者分为单纯DM组、早期糖尿病肾病（DN）组、临床DN组、晚期DN组,分别测定各组患者的尿清蛋白肌酐比、血脂、空腹血糖（FBG）、糖化血红蛋白（H。AIC）、空腹胰岛素（FINS）水平。结果 （1）与无糖尿病肾病组比较,DN各组甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL—C）、载脂蛋白B（ApoB）明显升高（P〈0．05）,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL—C）、载脂蛋白A（ApoA）、胰岛素敏感指数（ISI）明显降低（P〈0．05）。（2）ACR与TC（r=0．285,P〈0．01）、LDL—C（r=0．321,P〈0．01）、ApoB（r=0．345,P〈0．01）呈正相关,与HDL—C（r=-0．378,P〈0．01）、ApoA（r=-0．268,P〈0．01）、ISI（r=-0．305,P〈0．01）呈负相关。结论 脂代谢紊乱及胰岛素抵抗（IR）可能与2型DN有一定的相关性。     

降糖调脂灵对糖尿病大鼠糖脂代谢的影响

目的 观察降糖调脂灵对2型糖尿病大鼠血糖、糖化血红蛋白、胰岛素敏感性、脂质代谢的影响.方法将40只健康成年雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为4组：正常对照组;糖尿病模型组;双胍治疗组;降糖调脂灵治疗组.3个月后空腹测定血糖（BS）、糖化血红蛋白（ GHbA1c）、胰岛素（INS）、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）浓度;计算胰岛素敏感指数（ISI）.结果糖尿病模型组BS,GHbA1 c,INS,TC,TC,LDL水平均明显高于正常对照组,而ISI,HDL明显低于正常对照组（P＜0.05）;双胍治疗组BS,GHbA1c水平明显低于糖尿病模型组（P＜0.05）,血清INS,ISI,TC,TG,LDL,HDL水平较糖尿病模型组无显著差异（P＞0.05）;降糖调脂灵治疗组BS,GHbA1c,TC,TG,LDL水平低于糖尿病模型组（P＜0.05）,ISI,HDL明显高于糖尿病模型组和双胍组（P＜0.05）.结论 降糖调脂灵具有降低TC,TG,LDL,升高HDL的作用;降糖调脂灵具有明显降低血糖、减低胰岛素抵抗、增强胰岛素敏感性的作用;降糖调脂灵的降糖作用虽然略低于二甲双胍,但其减低胰岛素抵抗、增强胰岛素敏感性的作用却明显优于二甲双胍. 关     

胰岛素样生长因子-1与老年2型糖尿病患者胰岛素抵抗相关性研究

目的探讨老年2型糖尿病患者血清胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）水平与胰岛素抵抗的相关性。方法选择38例老年2型糖尿病患者（糖尿病组）和30例健康人（对照组）,常规测身高、体重、血压、空腹血糖（FBG）、空腹胰岛素（INS）、血脂（TC、TG、LDL、HDL）;用免疫放射分析法检测血清IGF-1水平;并对所得数据进行统计学处理。结果糖尿病组IGF-1和HDL明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;而FBG、INS、TC、TG、LDL和IR明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。IGF-1与FBG、IR、TC、TG、LDL呈负相关（P〈0.001）,IR与FBG、FINS、TC、TG、LDL呈正相关（P〈0.05）。结论血清IGF-1水平可以反映糖尿病胰岛素抵抗严重程度,提高血清IGF-1水平并结合调脂治疗可以为糖尿病抵抗治疗提供新的思路。     

血脂康对2型糖尿病糖、脂代谢及血小板活化功能的影响

目的 :探讨血脂康对 2型糖尿病患者血小板活化功能及糖脂代谢的影响。方法 :将 6 5例 2型糖尿病患者分为高脂血症组 (31例 )和正常血脂组 (34例 ) ,测定患者的血小板表面α-颗粒膜蛋白 (GMP - 14 0 )、血小板血栓烷素B2 (TXB2 )及血糖、血清胰岛素水平 ,计算胰岛素敏感指数 (ISI) ,对伴有高脂血症者用血脂康治疗 8周后重复测定上述指标。结果 :伴高脂血症者的GMP - 14 0、TXB2 及血甘油三酯 (TG)、血总胆固醇 (TC)、低密度脂蛋白 -胆固醇 (LDL -C)较正常血脂者明显升高 (P <0 0 5～ 0 0 1) ,ISI及高密度脂蛋白 -胆固醇 (HDL -C)明显降低 (P <0 0 1) ;伴高脂血症者经过血脂康治疗 8周后TG、TC、LDL -C及GMP - 14 0、TXB2 较治疗前降低 (P <0 0 5～ 0 0 1) ,HDL -C及ISI较治疗前明显升高 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :血脂康对伴高脂血症的 2型糖尿病患者在调脂治疗的同时可降低血小板活性 ,改善胰岛素抵抗     

调脂治疗对老年冠心病患者血管内皮功能的影响

[目的]探讨老年冠心病(CHD)伴高脂血症患者在调脂治疗的同时对血管内皮功能的影响.[方法]30例老年冠心病伴高脂血症患者(A组)服用血脂康调脂治疗前、后及20例老年健康人对照组(B组)测定血总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、一氧化氮(NO)、内皮素(ET),采用高分辨超声检测肱动脉基础动脉内径(D0)、内皮依赖性血流介导的舒张功能(FMD)、非内皮依赖性硝酸甘油介导的舒张功能(NID).[结果]A组治疗前的TC、TG、LDL、ET明显高于B组(P＜0.01),HDL、NO、FMD低于B组(P＜0.01),D0、NID两组无显著性差异(P＞0.05).A组调脂治疗前、后比较治疗后TC、TG、LDL、ET降低(P＜0.05),HDL、NO、FMD升高(P＜0.05),D0、NID无显著性改变.TC、TH、LDL与ET呈正相关(P＜0.01),与NO、FMD呈负相关(P＜0.01);HDL与FMD呈正相关(P＜0.01).[结论]老年冠心病伴高脂血症患者存在血管内皮功能受损.血脂康在调脂治疗的同时,可显著降低ET,提高NO、FMD,改善血管内皮功能.     

血脂康和脂必妥治疗中老年高脂血症的比较

观察比较血脂康和脂必妥治疗中老年高脂血症病人的调脂作用，62例高脂血症病人随机分成2组，血脂康组30例，脂必妥组32例，疗程均为8周。结果两组对HDL－C上升差别有高度显著性(P＜0.01)，TG、LDL－C、（TC－HDL－c）／HDL－c下降差别有显著及高度显著性（P＜0．05及0．01），此外对TC也有不同程度的作用，未见严重副作用，表明两药皆为安全有效的调脂药物。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.