补肾活血法防治慢性肾功能衰竭的实验研究

[目的]探讨依据补肾活血法组方肾衰排毒颗粒对慢性肾功能衰竭的治疗作用。[方法]采用5/6肾切除法制备大鼠CRF模型,与假手术组及对照组比较,观察肾衰排毒颗粒对实验性CRF大鼠的死亡率、肾功能及肾组织病理损伤程度的影响。[结果]肾衰排毒颗粒降低CRF大鼠死亡率,改善肾功能,增加白蛋白及Hb含量,减轻肾组织的病理损伤,较对照组有显著性差异(P<0.01)。[结论]肾衰排毒颗粒具有改善CRF大鼠肾功能,减轻其肾组织病理损伤程度,延缓CRF病程进展的作用。     

肾衰3号治疗难治性肾病综合征67例临床观察

[目的]探讨益气活血、解毒化浊法治疗难治性肾病综合征的效果。[方法]将97例难治性肾病综合征患者随机分为治疗组67例,对照组30例,对照组采用激素标准疗程治疗,治疗组在此基础上采用肾衰3号颗粒剂,主要成分为黄芪、人参、白术、葛根、淫羊藿、山茱萸等,观察近期、远期疗效,以及治疗前后24h尿蛋白定量(Uprot)、血肌酐(Scr)、血尿素氮(BUN)、血浆白蛋白(ALB)、胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)的变化。[结果]治疗组近期疗效总有效率、远期疗效均显著优于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);治疗组Uprot、Scr、BUN、TG、TC水平明显降低,ALB水平升高与对照组比较P<0.05或P<0.01;同时副作用的发生明显降低,两组比较,差异极显著(P<0.01)。[结论]肾衰3号颗粒剂对难治性肾病综合征,具有良好的治疗作用。     

金辛镇痛液对急性血瘀证大鼠血液流变学及内皮功能的影响

[目的]观察金辛镇痛液对急性血瘀大鼠血液流变学、血浆内皮素-1(ET-1)和一氧化氮(NO)的影响,以探讨其活血化瘀作用。[方法]以皮下注射大剂量盐酸肾上腺素附加冰水浴造成大鼠急性血瘀模型,检测大鼠血液流变学指标、血浆ET-1和NO。[结果]模型对照组与正常对照组中血液流变学比较,(P<0.01),差异有统计学意义,并结合大鼠表征证明造模成功。麝香舒活精组、金辛镇痛液低中高剂量组与模型组比较,能不同程度地降低大鼠血液流变学指标,并且大鼠血浆ET-1减少,而NO明显增多,P<0.01或P<0.05。[结论]金辛镇痛液对血瘀证模型大鼠有着明显的活血化瘀作用。     

针刺对局灶性脑缺血大鼠缺血脑组织及血清白介素-8的影响

[目的]观察针刺对局灶性脑缺血大鼠脑组织及血清白介素8(IL-8)含量的影响。[方法]以热凝法阻断一侧大脑中动脉造成大鼠局灶性脑缺血模型,采用放免法测定大鼠脑组织及血清IL-8含量。[结果]脑缺血后各时段模型组与同时段假手术组及正常组比较脑组织及血清IL-8显著升高(P<0.05,P<0.01);治疗后6、12、24、48h各时段针刺组与同时段模型组比较脑组织IL-8含量明显降低(P<0.01),6、12及48h针刺组血清IL-8含量显著低于同时段模型组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。[结论]针刺可能通过抑制缺血区脑组织IL-8的合成和分泌,调节血清IL-8的含量,抑制炎性细胞的黏附及浸润,从发挥脑保护作用。     

逆针灸关元穴对12月龄自然更年期大鼠体质量增长率、下丘脑和卵巢瘦素含量的影响

[目的]观察12月龄自然更年期大鼠体质量增长率、下丘脑和卵巢瘦素含量的变化及逆针灸关元穴对其的影响,探讨预先针灸对更年期早期机体异常的预防作用。[方法]通过阴道涂片筛查更年期雌性大鼠,以自然老化法获得大鼠更年期模型,以预先针灸关元穴为介入方法,采用放射免疫法检测瘦素水平,观察12月龄自然更年期大鼠体重增长率及下丘脑、卵巢瘦素含量及逆针灸对其的影响。[结果]自然更年期大鼠体质量呈正增长,下丘脑和卵巢瘦素水平升高(P<0.01)。逆针灸降低大鼠体质量增长率(P<0.01,P<0.05),并降低下丘脑和卵巢瘦素水平(P<0.01)。[结论]逆针灸可以通过改善更年期机体瘦素抵抗的状态,在一定程度上减缓更年期体脂的异常堆积和卵巢功能的减退。     

健脾补肾活血泄浊法治疗慢性尿酸性肾病38例临床研究

[目的]观察活血泄浊汤治疗慢性尿酸性肾病(CUAN)的临床疗效。[方法]将68例患者随机分为2组,对照组30例在基础治疗的同时加服别嘌呤醇,治疗组38例在与对照组相同治疗的基础上加活血泄浊汤治疗,均治疗3个月观察统计临床疗效。[结果]总有效率治疗组为92.11%,对照组为63.33%,2组比较,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);治疗后治疗组在24h尿白蛋白、BUA、BUN、Scr、血脂4项、血液流变学等等指标较治疗前均有不同程度改善(P<0.05,P<0.01)。[结论]活血泄浊汤配合别嘌呤醇治疗CUAN,能降低患者的血尿酸,改善肾功能,改善血脂代谢及血液高凝状态,有效阻止CUAN的病情发展。     

针刺对局灶性脑缺血大鼠缺血脑组织及血清IL-6的影响

[目的]观察针刺对局灶性脑缺血大鼠脑组织及血清白介素-6(IL-6)含量的影响。[方法]以热凝法阻断一侧大脑中动脉造成大鼠局灶性脑缺血模型,采用放免法测定大鼠脑组织及血清IL-6含量。[结果]脑缺血后3、6、12、24 h缺血组脑组织IL-6含量与正常组比较均显著增高(P<0.01),针刺后3、6、12 h脑组织中IL-6含量较同时段缺血组显著降低(P<0.01),并明显低于正常对照组(P<0.01)。脑缺血后血清中IL-6含量3 h急剧升高,3、6、12 h段缺血组血清IL-6含量与同时段假手术及正常组比较显著升高(P<0.01),治疗后3、6、12 h针刺组血清IL-6含量较同时段缺血组显著降低(P<0.01),24及48 h针刺组血清IL-6含量明显升高,与正常组及假手术组比较均有显著差异(P<0.01)。[结论]通过对IL-6的调节,发挥其抗炎、神经保护作用,促进受损神经元修复,可能针刺治疗缺血性脑卒中的作用机制之一。     

双(α-呋喃甲酸)氧钒与六味地黄丸联合应用对糖尿病大鼠血糖血脂影响的实验研究

[目的]观察双(α-呋喃甲酸)氧钒(VO-FA)与六味地黄丸联合应用对糖尿病大鼠血糖血脂影响。[方法]用四氧嘧啶诱发糖尿病大鼠模型,分别以高、低剂量VO-FA联合六味地黄丸治疗,并设立正常组和模型组作对照,检测血糖、血脂变化。[结果]VO-FA联合六味地黄丸组在给药后与模型组相比表现出降糖效果(P<0.05),尤以VO-FA高剂量联合六味地黄丸组为著(P<0.01);糖尿病大鼠伴随血脂紊乱,VO-FA联合六味地黄丸与模型组相比能明显降低其总胆固醇水平(P<0.01),对其余指标无显著差异。[结论]VO-FA联合六味地黄丸能降低糖尿病大鼠的血糖和总胆固醇水平,药理机制有待于进一步研究。     

蕨麻正丁醇部位对缺氧损伤心肌细胞的保护作用

[目的]研究蕨麻正丁醇部位对缺氧损伤心肌细胞的保护作用。[方法]建立大鼠原代培养心肌细胞缺氧损伤模型,采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测心肌细胞代谢活力;胎盼兰染色法检测细胞成活率;比色法测定细胞外乳酸脱氢酶(LDH),肌酸激酶(CK)活性及细胞内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量。[结果]与模型组比较,蕨麻正丁醇提取部位各剂量组细胞代谢活力及细胞成活率显著提高(P<0.01),并均可显著减少缺氧损伤引起的LDH、CK的外漏量(P<0.01),提高细胞SOD活性(P<0.01),减少MDA的产生(P<0.01或P<0.05)。[结论]蕨麻正丁醇部位具有抗心肌缺氧损伤作用,其途径之一可能与其抗自由基氧化的能力有关。     

半楼贝蔹及配伍乌头对大鼠肝细胞色素P450酶含量的影响

[目的]研究中药十八反中半夏、贝母、栝楼、白蔹、白及配伍乌头对大鼠肝细胞色素P⁴⁵⁰ 酶含量的影响。[方法]采用紫外分光光度测定大鼠肝微粒体细胞色素P⁴⁵⁰与细胞色素b5含量。[结果]配伍组与其相应单药组比较可显著降低P⁴⁵⁰酶及b5含量(P<0.001或P<0.05)。[结论]药物配伍后导致P⁴⁵⁰酶变化,对药物的代谢产生影响。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.