草乌叶抗炎作用的研究

[目的]探讨草乌叶的抗炎作用。[方法]草乌叶用乙醇制成浸膏后分别用氯仿和正丁醇萃取,然后采用小鼠耳壳肿胀实验和棉球肉芽肿实验观察两种萃取物的抗炎作用。[结果]草乌叶正丁醇和氯仿萃取物分别以50、100、150(/kg·d)剂量灌胃,能明显抑制二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀(P<0.01),抑制棉球所致小鼠肉芽肿形成(P<0.01或P<0.05)。[结论]草乌叶正丁醇和氯仿萃取物均具有抗炎作用。     

益肾达络饮对实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎MCP-1的影响

[目的] 研究益肾达络饮对髓鞘蛋白脂质蛋白多肽(PLP139-151)诱导的实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎小鼠中枢神经系统内趋化因子(MCP-1)的影响,探讨益肾达络饮在神经系统炎性脱髓鞘疾病中的作用机制。[方法] 采用免疫组化、地高辛标记的寡核苷酸探针原位杂交技术熏测定各组小鼠中枢神经组织中MCP-1蛋白和MCP-1mRNA的含量。[结果] 正常组与模型组、激素组、中药组MCP-1蛋白、MCP-1mRNA含量相比较均有极显著性差异(P<0.01),中药组、激素组与模型组MCP-1蛋白、MCP-1mRNA含量相比较均有极显著性差异(P<0.01);中药组、激素组相比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。[结论] 益肾达络饮在蛋白、分子水平能降低MCP-1含量,其对自身免疫性脑脊髓炎小鼠保护作用可能与下调MCP-1熏抑制单个核细胞的趋化性熏减轻炎性浸润,抑制局部炎症有一定关系。     

酸枣仁总黄酮抗抑郁作用的实验研究

[目的]研究酸枣仁总黄酮对行为绝望小鼠抑郁模型的影响。[方法]采用小鼠强迫游泳实验和悬尾实验等抑郁模型,小鼠行为绝望的不动时间作为指标,考察酸枣仁总黄酮抗抑郁活性。[结果]酸枣仁总黄酮低、中、高剂量组均能减少小鼠强迫游泳和悬尾不动时间,与空白组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与阳性药组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]酸枣仁总黄酮具有显著的抗小鼠实验性抑郁作用。     

草菊饮及膳食纤维素联合治疗儿童单纯性肥胖临床研究

[目的]观察用草菊饮及膳食纤维素联合治疗儿童单纯性肥胖的临床疗效。[方法]将117例学龄期单纯性肥胖儿童随机分为观察组(n=64),对照组(n=53)。两组小儿在家中进食量和次数无任何要求,两组小儿同时加用膳食纤维素3片(安利产品),观察组加服草菊饮500mL,随饮。[结果]治疗后15d后观察组小儿进食量及摄入的总热量显著减少,饥饿感显著减轻,粪便排泄增加(P<0.001)。体质量、脂肪百分率、体质量指数显著下降(P<0.01)。[结论]1)草菊饮及膳食纤维素联合具有良好的减肥效果,治疗儿童单纯性肥胖无不良反应。2)儿童单纯性肥胖与脂肪含量相关,提示吸收能力较强与便秘可能是儿童单纯性肥胖病因之一。     

灯盏细辛注射液对2型糖尿病并发末梢神经炎血液流变学与血脂改变的影响

[目的]观察分析灯盏细辛注射液治疗2型糖尿病并发末梢神经炎的血液流变学及血脂变化。[方法]治疗组应用灯盏细辛注射液滴注,对照组应用氢溴酸山莨菪硷注射滴注,观察临床症状、血液流变学、血脂、神经传导速度等变化。[结果]治疗组治疗后全血黏度、血球压积、纤维蛋白元明显低于治疗前,有显著性差异,P<0.01;治疗组治疗后甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-c)均有降低,有显著性差异P<0.05,高密度脂蛋白(HDL-c)有所增高,但增高不明显P>0.05;治疗组总有效率88.64%,优于对照组,有显著性差异P<0.01;治疗组腓神经运动和感觉传导速度改善明显P<0.05。[结论]灯盏细辛注射液显著改善2型糖尿病并发末梢神经炎患者的血液流变性及脂代谢,治疗2糖尿病并末梢神经炎临床疗效肯定。     

针刺对局灶性脑缺血大鼠缺血脑组织及血清白介素-8的影响

[目的]观察针刺对局灶性脑缺血大鼠脑组织及血清白介素8(IL-8)含量的影响。[方法]以热凝法阻断一侧大脑中动脉造成大鼠局灶性脑缺血模型,采用放免法测定大鼠脑组织及血清IL-8含量。[结果]脑缺血后各时段模型组与同时段假手术组及正常组比较脑组织及血清IL-8显著升高(P<0.05,P<0.01);治疗后6、12、24、48h各时段针刺组与同时段模型组比较脑组织IL-8含量明显降低(P<0.01),6、12及48h针刺组血清IL-8含量显著低于同时段模型组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。[结论]针刺可能通过抑制缺血区脑组织IL-8的合成和分泌,调节血清IL-8的含量,抑制炎性细胞的黏附及浸润,从发挥脑保护作用。     

益心饮对病毒性心肌炎小鼠SOD及MDA活性的影响

[目的]观察益心饮对病毒性心肌炎小鼠超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及丙二醛(MDA)活性的影响。[方法]Balb/c小鼠120只均为雄性,体质量(20±2)g,随机分为6组,各组在给药后第7d和第14d分别处死8只及全部小鼠,眼眶取血制备血清,进行SOD和MDA检测。[结果]与病毒对照组相比,益心饮中剂量组、大剂量组在第7d和第14d能显著提高血浆SOD活性,降低MDA含量(P<0.01)。[结论]益心饮能减轻氧自由基对心肌膜脂质过氧化损伤反应。     

针刺对局灶性脑缺血大鼠缺血脑组织及血清IL-6的影响

[目的]观察针刺对局灶性脑缺血大鼠脑组织及血清白介素-6(IL-6)含量的影响。[方法]以热凝法阻断一侧大脑中动脉造成大鼠局灶性脑缺血模型,采用放免法测定大鼠脑组织及血清IL-6含量。[结果]脑缺血后3、6、12、24 h缺血组脑组织IL-6含量与正常组比较均显著增高(P<0.01),针刺后3、6、12 h脑组织中IL-6含量较同时段缺血组显著降低(P<0.01),并明显低于正常对照组(P<0.01)。脑缺血后血清中IL-6含量3 h急剧升高,3、6、12 h段缺血组血清IL-6含量与同时段假手术及正常组比较显著升高(P<0.01),治疗后3、6、12 h针刺组血清IL-6含量较同时段缺血组显著降低(P<0.01),24及48 h针刺组血清IL-6含量明显升高,与正常组及假手术组比较均有显著差异(P<0.01)。[结论]通过对IL-6的调节,发挥其抗炎、神经保护作用,促进受损神经元修复,可能针刺治疗缺血性脑卒中的作用机制之一。     

蕨麻正丁醇部位对缺氧损伤心肌细胞的保护作用

[目的]研究蕨麻正丁醇部位对缺氧损伤心肌细胞的保护作用。[方法]建立大鼠原代培养心肌细胞缺氧损伤模型,采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测心肌细胞代谢活力;胎盼兰染色法检测细胞成活率;比色法测定细胞外乳酸脱氢酶(LDH),肌酸激酶(CK)活性及细胞内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量。[结果]与模型组比较,蕨麻正丁醇提取部位各剂量组细胞代谢活力及细胞成活率显著提高(P<0.01),并均可显著减少缺氧损伤引起的LDH、CK的外漏量(P<0.01),提高细胞SOD活性(P<0.01),减少MDA的产生(P<0.01或P<0.05)。[结论]蕨麻正丁醇部位具有抗心肌缺氧损伤作用,其途径之一可能与其抗自由基氧化的能力有关。     

醒脑开窍针法对脑缺血再灌注后细胞间黏附分子-1和P-选择素表达调节的实验研究

[目的]探讨醒脑开窍针刺法治疗抗脑缺血再灌注炎性损伤的机制。[方法]采用大脑中动脉线栓法制备大脑中动脉栓塞(MCAO)缺血再灌注模型,运用原位杂交和免疫组织化学技术动态观察脑缺血1h,再灌注3、6、12、24、48h大鼠大脑缺血侧皮层、纹状体细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)、P-选择素(P-selectin)mRNA、蛋白表达和电针的调节作用。[结果]脑缺血区的毛细血管内皮细胞表达ICAM-1和P-selectinmRNA发生于脑缺血/再灌注后3h,ICAM-1mRNA在脑缺血/再灌注12h达到高峰(组内比较,P<0.01);P-selectinmRNA高峰出现在脑缺血/再灌注6～12h(组内比较,P<0.01)。脑缺血区毛细血管ICAM-1和P-selectin蛋白表达发生于脑缺血/再灌注后3h,高峰均出现于脑缺血再灌注24h(模型组与假手术组比较P<0.01),并持续至脑缺血再灌注后48h;醒脑开窍针刺法可显著降低缺血区ICAM-1和P-selectinmRNA和蛋白表达(治疗组与模型组比较P<0.01)。[结论]早期醒脑开窍针刺法治疗可能通过下调脑缺血区黏附分子ICAM-1和P-selectin的mRNA和蛋白表达而防治脑缺血再灌注炎性损伤。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.