腹部创伤415例诊治分析

腹部创伤是临床上常见的急症。由于腹部内脏器官较多，损伤后的诊治较复杂，如合并其他部位的损伤，常给诊治带来一定困难，如诊治不及时，可危及患者生命。现就我院1993—2005年收治的415例腹部创伤患者的诊断与治疗报告如下。     

农村创伤治疗中值得注意的问题（附220例分析）

随着农村生产的日益发展，农村创伤发生率有增高的趋势。现将本院1980～1982两年间220例创伤住院病例总结分析如下。     

365例颅脑创伤后精神障碍的相关分析

颅脑创伤后并发精神障碍者临床并非少见，严重影响脑外伤患者的伤情恢复及社会适应能力，而其诊断和治疗具有一定的难度。笔者就我科颅脑外伤2360例中365例并发精神障碍者进行回顾性分析。     

120例胸部创伤的X线分析

本文收集了1995年-2004年我院胸部创伤患者120例的X线资料，予以报道。     

胰腺创伤17例分析

对１７例胰腺创伤的临床资料进行了回顾。发生率占同期２７８例腹部损伤的６％；均合并有腹部其他脏器的损伤；术后并发胰瘘３例，假性胰腺囊肿２例，死亡２例。临床资料１７例中男１５例，女２例。年龄１６～４８岁。闭合性创伤１４例，其中车祸１０例，高处坠落１例，上...     

女子橄榄球运动员运动创伤调查分析

目的:了解女子橄榄球运动员运动创伤发生情况。方法:对参加2005年全国橄榄球冠军赛的4支女子球队的50名运动员的运动创伤情况进行了调查。结果表明,女子橄榄球运动员运动创伤发生率居前5位的是手指挫伤(24.3%)、膝关节创伤性滑膜炎(14.8%)、膝关节半月板损伤(13.4%)、踝关节韧带损伤(9.5%)和颈部损伤(6.4%)。致伤动作主要是TACKLE(26.5%)、传接球(21.2%)和RUCK(13.4%)。致伤原因主要是技术动作不正确(29.7%),其次为准备活动不充分(21.6%),再次为运动员身体状态不佳(13.0%)。女子橄榄球运动员发生运动创伤之后,常选择带伤训练和比赛,这易导致再伤。建议配备队医进行医务监督,完善场地设施,加强运动员的膳食营养,保证充足休息,加强运动员自身修养和增强自我保护意识,正确使用护具。     

四川省住院病人中创伤现状的调查与分析

笔者在对四川省卫生部门县以上城乡综合医院住院病人疾病构成的调查活动中，按随机分层抽样方法专项调查了１３家城乡医院中意外创伤患者的病历６６７７份，经统计分析报告如下。一、结果与分析１．创伤的构成、死亡及有关情况：统计表明，１９８８年四川省卫生部门县以上...     

347例创伤死亡的流行病学调查

创伤是一个极其严重的医学和社会问题。在美国,创伤是40岁以下人员死亡的第一位原因,我国每年因交通事故死亡已超过7万人,伤20余万人。创伤伤员多为青壮年,他们是社会财富的主要创造者,因而创伤救治工作具有重要的社会经济意[1]。本文通过对我院1995～1998年间收治的347例创伤死亡病例的分析,讨论创伤死亡患者的流行病学特征,并对创伤急救提出建议。临床资料1995～1998年我院收治的创伤病人中死亡347例,去除资料不完整者74例,本文将分析资料完整者273例。其中男174例,女99例,男女比例为1．7：1。伤员年龄分布见表1,损伤机制分类…     

心脏创伤16例分析

对１６例心脏创伤的早期诊断、急救处理进行了讨论，指出嵌入冠状血管主干附近的异物，估计取出异物或修补心脏伤口影响冠状动脉循环者，应建立体外循环后，再取异物以便恢复或重建冠状血管循环。临床资料本组男１４例，女２例。年龄１４～５４岁。致伤原因，暴力挤压伤２...     

CT对外伤性晶状体损伤的诊断价值

目的：探讨外伤造成晶状体损伤的CT表现,并对其进行分析.方法：对42只临床证实有晶状体损伤的伤眼,对照CT检查结果,观察晶状体的位置、形态、密度改变.结果：CT诊断外伤性白内障18只（42.8%）,晶状体全脱位10只（23.8%）,半脱位6只（14.2%）,未见异常改变10 只（23.8%）.CT诊断与临床诊断符合率76.1%.结论：CT检查对晶状体损伤的诊断有重要价值.     

眼创伤评分法在军人机械性眼外伤中的临床应用

目的 探讨眼创伤评分(OTS)在军人机械性眼外伤视力预后评估中的临床应用,并分析比较军事训练和非军事训练所致眼外伤预后评分的构成差别.方法 对633例(665眼,其中军事训练伤326眼,非军事训练伤339眼)军人机械性眼外伤进行OTS评分,比较本研究纳入病例的终视力比率与OTS表推算各级终视力概率的差别,分析评分与终视...     

眼外伤球内后段异物的手术处理

目的评价眼外伤球内后段异物的玻璃体切割术摘除法及后径摘除法的效果及影响因素。方法本组眼外伤球内后段异物共62例(62眼),其中32例行玻璃体切割术联合异物摘除术,30例行外伤后初期清创缝合联合后径异物取出术,前者采用常规睫状体平坦部三切口闭合式玻璃体切割,联合白内障晶状体切除或硅油填充或全氟丙烷(C3F8)气体填充或巩膜外加压术或环扎术,异物经前房或睫状体平坦部用异物镊夹出;后者异物的定位后从巩膜切口取出。结果玻璃体切割术组异物取出率100％;后径取出术组异物取出率86．67％(26／30)。术后视力：玻璃体切割术组提高或不变25例,下降7例;后径取出术组提高或不变13例,下降17例。结论玻璃体切割术可以准确有效地取出各种异物,而且损伤小,能最大限度地恢复视功能。后径取出术适合异物较小、晶状体玻璃体透明者。     

70例眼外伤的流行病学

对70例常见眼外伤的流行病学特点进行分析.眼外伤最常见原因为工伤、交通事故伤、斗殴伤等.     

40l例眼外伤临床分析

本文对401例眼外伤住院病人作了统计分析,发现多发生在少年、青壮年,职业以农民、学生、工人为主.致伤物种类繁多.眼球钝性伤最多,其次为眼球破裂伤等.伤得越重,并发症越多,预后越差.及时正规治疗可得到较好疗效.     

军事训练和军事作业眼外伤流行病学调查

目的 了解我军军事训练和军事作业眼外伤的流行病学特征.方法 将2005年1月1日-2009年12月31日在全军训练伤监测网点11所后送医院住院的军人眼外伤资料填入“部队医院军人眼外伤登记表”.眼外伤患者的流行病学资料包括受伤时间、地点、外伤类型、原因、检查、治疗和康复水平等,所有数据录入数据库进行统计分析.结果 共有军...     

外伤性白内障的CT诊断(附53例分析)

目的探讨外伤性白内障的ＣＴ表现和诊断价值。材料与方法７５例共７７只受伤眼，其中５３例共５５只晶体为外伤性白内障。将伤眼晶体与健侧非受伤眼的正常晶体进行ＣＴ表现对照分析。结果２２只外伤后无白内障的晶体密度与对侧正常晶体密度相似。８３．６％（４６／５５）的白内障晶体密度降低，其中１７例晶体密度近似于玻璃体密度。晶体密度减低程度与病程长短及损伤程度有关，与受伤机制无关。ＣＴ诊断与临床诊断的符合率为８３．６％，假阴性率为１６．４％。结论伤眼晶体密度降低提示有白内障的形成。     

严重老年胸伤患者临床流行病学特征与救治结局分析

Objective To further improve level of severe chest trauma care in the elderly pa-tients. Methods A retrospective study was done on data of 148 elderly patients (≥65 years with se-vere chest trauma (AIS≥3 points) (elderly group) treated in Chongqing Emergency Medical Center from June 1995 to May 2005. A total of 1669 patients at age less than 65 years and with AIS≥3 points were set as control group in the same research period (control group). Results The main injury mechanism was blunt trauma, which aceouted for 83.8% (124/148) in elderly group, higher than 69.3% (1 157/ 1 669) in control group (P < 0. 01). The injury causes were mainly traffic accidents, slip and fall from a height. Traffic accidents and slip accounted for 66.2% (98/148) and 14.9% (22/148) respectively, which was significantly higher than 50.6% (845/1 669) and 3.1% (52/1 669) respectively in control group (P < 0. 01). There was no statistical difference upon ISS, RTS, GCS and prehospital time between both groups (all P value > 0.05). The fatality rate and indicence rate of complication in the elerly group were 15.5% (23/148) and 25.7% (38/148), which was significantly higher than 6.5% (108/1 669) and 10.4% (174/1 669) respectively in control group (P <0.01). The fatality rate in elderly group with complications was significantly higher than that in control group (51.7% vs 26.7%) (P < 0.01), while those without complications showed no statistical difference between two groups (6.7% :3.5%) (P >0. 05). Conclusions The patient' s age and complications are relative independent factors to es-timate the trauma care outcome. To raise risk awareness and strengthen the management of complications and supportive treatments for organ function are key to improve survival rate of the elderly patients with se-vere chest trauma.     

严重老年胸伤患者临床流行病学特征与救治结局分析

Objective To further improve level of severe chest trauma care in the elderly pa-tients. Methods A retrospective study was done on data of 148 elderly patients (≥65 years with se-vere chest trauma (AIS≥3 points) (elderly group) treated in Chongqing Emergency Medical Center from June 1995 to May 2005. A total of 1669 patients at age less than 65 years and with AIS≥3 points were set as control group in the same research period (control group). Results The main injury mechanism was blunt trauma, which aceouted for 83.8% (124/148) in elderly group, higher than 69.3% (1 157/ 1 669) in control group (P < 0. 01). The injury causes were mainly traffic accidents, slip and fall from a height. Traffic accidents and slip accounted for 66.2% (98/148) and 14.9% (22/148) respectively, which was significantly higher than 50.6% (845/1 669) and 3.1% (52/1 669) respectively in control group (P < 0. 01). There was no statistical difference upon ISS, RTS, GCS and prehospital time between both groups (all P value > 0.05). The fatality rate and indicence rate of complication in the elerly group were 15.5% (23/148) and 25.7% (38/148), which was significantly higher than 6.5% (108/1 669) and 10.4% (174/1 669) respectively in control group (P <0.01). The fatality rate in elderly group with complications was significantly higher than that in control group (51.7% vs 26.7%) (P < 0.01), while those without complications showed no statistical difference between two groups (6.7% :3.5%) (P >0. 05). Conclusions The patient' s age and complications are relative independent factors to es-timate the trauma care outcome. To raise risk awareness and strengthen the management of complications and supportive treatments for organ function are key to improve survival rate of the elderly patients with se-vere chest trauma.     

严重老年胸伤患者临床流行病学特征与救治结局分析

Objective To further improve level of severe chest trauma care in the elderly pa-tients. Methods A retrospective study was done on data of 148 elderly patients (≥65 years with se-vere chest trauma (AIS≥3 points) (elderly group) treated in Chongqing Emergency Medical Center from June 1995 to May 2005. A total of 1669 patients at age less than 65 years and with AIS≥3 points were set as control group in the same research period (control group). Results The main injury mechanism was blunt trauma, which aceouted for 83.8% (124/148) in elderly group, higher than 69.3% (1 157/ 1 669) in control group (P < 0. 01). The injury causes were mainly traffic accidents, slip and fall from a height. Traffic accidents and slip accounted for 66.2% (98/148) and 14.9% (22/148) respectively, which was significantly higher than 50.6% (845/1 669) and 3.1% (52/1 669) respectively in control group (P < 0. 01). There was no statistical difference upon ISS, RTS, GCS and prehospital time between both groups (all P value > 0.05). The fatality rate and indicence rate of complication in the elerly group were 15.5% (23/148) and 25.7% (38/148), which was significantly higher than 6.5% (108/1 669) and 10.4% (174/1 669) respectively in control group (P <0.01). The fatality rate in elderly group with complications was significantly higher than that in control group (51.7% vs 26.7%) (P < 0.01), while those without complications showed no statistical difference between two groups (6.7% :3.5%) (P >0. 05). Conclusions The patient' s age and complications are relative independent factors to es-timate the trauma care outcome. To raise risk awareness and strengthen the management of complications and supportive treatments for organ function are key to improve survival rate of the elderly patients with se-vere chest trauma.