血清和精浆抑制素B在无精子症诊断中的应用研究

目的:评价血清和精浆抑制素B浓度在诊断梗阻性和非梗阻性无精子症中的应用价值。方法:测定25例正常生育者(正常对照组),37例梗阻性无精子症以及33例非梗阻性无精子症者的血清卵泡刺激素(FSH)、血清和精浆抑制素B浓度,对无精子症者行睾丸病理Johnsen评分。结果:精浆和血清抑制素B浓度比值在正常对照组和非梗阻性无精子组分别为2.17和3.63,差异无显著性(P=0.29);在梗阻性无精子症组两者比值为0.18,与正常对照组和非梗阻性无精子症组比较显著降低(P<0.01)。结论:精浆和血清抑制素B浓度比值可用于临床诊断梗阻性和非梗阻性无精子症。     

精浆和血清生殖激素与精液质量的关系

目的为了评估精液质量不同的男性精浆和血清生殖激素的浓度与精子浓度及活动力的关系,探索精浆与血清生殖激素的关系。方法对301名男性进行精液检查,按照精液的质量参数将受试对象分成4组:精液正常组(n=176),弱精子症组(n=66),少精子症组(n=40)和非梗阻性无精子症组(n=19)。采用电化学发光免疫法测定各组受试对象血清卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、泌乳素(PRL)、孕酮(P)、睾酮(T)和雌二醇(E2)六项生殖激素和精浆PRL、T、P和E2四项生殖激素的浓度,比较组间差异并进行相关性分析。结果精液正常组和弱精子症组血清FSH和E2的浓度显著低于少精子症组和非梗阻性无精子症组(P0.05),精液正常组血清LH和P的浓度显著低于弱精子症、少精子症和非梗阻性无精子症的人群(P0.05);而精液正常、弱精子症和少精子症三组精浆PRL的浓度则高于非梗阻性无精子症组(P0.05)。除了非梗阻性无精子症组,受试者血清FSH的浓度与其精子浓度呈负相关(r分别为-0.350、-0.273和-0.448,P0.05)。精液正常组精浆PRL的浓度和精子的浓度之间呈正相关(r=0.269,P0.05);在少精子症组中,亦有相同趋势的相关性(r=0.432,P0.05)。结论精浆PRL及血清FSH的浓度能够反映精子浓度或活动力,在男性不育的病因分析中具有一定的指导价值。     

无精子症患者瘦素水平及其临床应用价值初探

目的:检测无精子症患者的精浆及血清瘦素(leptin,Lep)水平,探索精浆、血清Lep单独以及联合血清卵泡刺激素(FSH)鉴别梗阻性无精子症(OA)和非梗阻性无精子症(NOA)的方法及意义。方法:选取OA患者45例、原因不明的NOA患者41例,精液参数正常对照30例。无精子症患者行附睾/睾丸细针穿刺精子抽吸术及睾丸活检,所有研究对象均检测血清FSH、精浆及血清Lep。用Fisher判别分析结合ROC曲线法,对单个或多个联合指标进行分析评价。结果:在体重指数无差别的情况下,与精液参数正常对照者相比,OA患者精浆Lep水平显著增高,有统计学意义(P=0.048);NOA患者血清FSH(P=0.000)、血清Lep(P=0.000)及精浆Lep(P=0.000)都显著增高。与OA患者相比,NOA患者血清FSH(P=0.000)、血清Lep(P=0.006)及精浆Lep(P=0.033)都显著增高。在区别OA及NOA方面,精浆Lep及血清Lep的ROC曲线下面积(AUCROC)分别为0.658、0.702,均显著大于0.5,P值分别为0.014、0.002;精浆Lep、血清Lep及FSH三者联合,AUCROC最大(0.953),且以0.026×精浆Lep+0.05×血清Lep+0.106×FSH-2.197为联合指标值,以-0.289为临界值(≥临界值,判定为NOA),其敏感度及特异度均达到最高,分别为0.878及0.902。结论:在鉴别OA和NOA方面,精浆及血清Lep水平有一定价值,联合精浆Lep、血清Lep及FSH,可能优于单个指标。     

Melatonin hormone profile in infertile males

Melatonin is a hormone produced by the pineal gland. There is much controversy about its relationship to the male reproductive process. In this study, seminal plasma as well as the serum melatonin levels were studied in different infertile male groups and were correlated with their semen parameters and hormonal levels. One hundred twenty male cases subdivided into six equal groups were consecutively included; fertile normozoospermic men, oligoasthenozoospermia (OA), OA with leucocytospermia, OA with varicocele, non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) with high serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and NOA with normal FSH. Semen analysis, estimation of melatonin, FSH, testosterone (T) and prolactin (PRL) hormone was carried out. Mean level of serum melatonin was higher than its corresponding seminal concentrations in all investigated groups with a positive correlation between their levels (r = 0.532, p = 0.01). Serum and seminal plasma melatonin levels in all infertile groups were reduced significantly compared with their levels in the fertile group. The lowest concentrations were in OA with leucocytospermia group. Melatonin in both serum and semen demonstrated significant correlation with sperm motility (r = 607, 0.623 respectively, p = 0.01). Serum melatonin correlated positively with serum PRL (r = 0.611, p = 0.01). It may be concluded that melatonin may be involved in the modulation of reproductive neuroendocrine axis in male infertility. Also, low levels of melatonin in semen were observed in infertile groups having reduced sperm motility, leucocytospermia, varicocele and NOA.     

慢性前列腺炎患者精浆果糖、微量元素与血清生殖激素水平的关系

本文对30例正常人及48例慢性前列腺炎(CP)患者进行了糖浆果糖、微量元素及血清FSH,LH及睾酮测定并进行了相关分析。结果表明CP者精浆锌、镁及钙含量较正常人明显减低,果糖含量差异不显著。CP者血清FSH、LH及睾酮水平均与正常人无明显差异。精浆果糖含量在CP者与LH显著正相关。正常人精浆锌、镁及钙分别与睾酮负相关,CP者不存在此关系。精浆铜、锰、铁及硒与血清生殖激素无关。     

血清抑制素B在鉴别梗阻性与非梗阻性无精子症中的意义

目的通过测定血清抑制素B（INHB）并与卵泡刺激素（FSH）和精浆中性α-葡糖苷酶（α-Glu）等经典指标比较,评价INHB在鉴别诊断梗阻性（OA）和非梗阻性无精子症（NOA）中的应用价值,并对睾丸精子发生障碍作出预判。方法实验采集健康生育男性组（n=60）,以睾丸活检为金标准确定OA组（n=39）和NOA组（n=77）,留取血液和精液标本,进行精液常规分析,检测血清INHB、FSH和精浆中性α—Glu的水平;采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线法,通过计算ROC曲线下面积,确定切点值并分析评价检测指标的敏感性和特异性。结果本实验室健康育龄男性血清INHB的95％参考值范围为：20．37-206．21pg／ml。血清INHB、FSH、精浆中性α—Glu、血清INHB／FSH比值以及INHB＋FSH联合在OA组与NOA组之间均差别显著,具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。其中血清INHB的曲线下面积最大,为0．985,诊断价值最高,敏感性为97．4％,特异性为92．2％,切点值为49．89pg／ml。结论血清INHB比血清FSH、精浆中性α—Glu、血清INHB／FSH比值或INHB＋FSH联合指标在鉴别OA与NOA方面具有更好的敏感性与特异性。     

抑制素B对非梗阻性无精子症病人睾丸精子获取成功的预测

目的探讨抑制素B对非梗阻性无精子症病人睾丸精子获取成功的预测价值。方法选择非梗阻性无精子症病人28例,梗阻性无精子症病人16例和精液指标正常者19例,测定其抑制素B、FSH水平及睾丸体积,并对非梗阻性无精子症病人行睾丸精子获取术(TESE)。结果非梗阻性无精子症病人中TESE成功者9例,其抑制素B水平显著高于19例17ESE未成功者(P<0．05),两者的。FSH水平和睾丸体积差异无显著性(P>0．05);抑制素B受试者作业特征曲线下面积显著大于FSH和睾丸体积的受试者作业特征曲线下面积(P< 0．01)。结论抑制素B是预测非梗阻性无精子症病人睾丸精子获取成功的有效指标。     

Free L-carnitine in human seminal plasma

It has often been suggested that determination of free L(—)-carnitine in seminal plasma may provide a good indication of epididymal function. However, there has been disagreement regarding the origin of L(—)-carnitine (epididymis and seminal vesicles) and its concentration in human seminal plasma. In this study, free L(—)-carnitine was determined after deproteinization with an enzymatic spectrophotometric method. In 29 semen samples from fathers and with normal spermiograms (semen volume between 2 and 6 ml, sperm count over 20.10⁶/ml, more than 50% motile spermatozoa), the total free L(—)-carnitine in the seminal plasma was 1010 nmoles (SD:±480), in 16 samples from vasectomized men it was 131 nmoles (SD:±77), and in 5 from men with agenesis of the vas deferens and seminal vesicles it was 21 nmoles (SD:±25). These results suggest that free L(—)-carnitine in the seminal fluid is predominantly of epididymal origin. The results of free L(—)-carnitine determinations in split ejaculates and the absence of a correlation between L(—)-carnitine and fructose concentrations in semen from normal subjects indicate that the seminal vesicles make only on minor contribution to L(—)-carnitine in the seminal plasma.     

Serum inhibin B as a marker for spermatogenesis

Inhibin B generated by Sertoli cells provides negative feedback on FSH secretion. In men, inhibin B seems to be the physiologically important form of inhibin. Serum inhibin B was measured by two-site immunoenzymatic assay in 40 normal men (27 years of age) with sperm concentrations 100 +/- 9.2 x 10(6)/mL, 51 subfertile men (31 years of age) with sperm concentrations 6.8 +/- 0.8 x 10(6)/mL, 16 men with varicocele with sperm concentrations 54.3 +/- 0.8 x 10(6)/mL (31 years of age), men with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism, men with Klinefelter syndrome, and men with obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia. In men with normal sperm concentrations (>20 x 10(6) mL) serum inhibin B was 201 +/- 17 pg/mL and FSH 4 +/- 0.5 IU/L. Varicocele patients showed normal sperm concentrations > 20 x 10(6)/mL, normal serum inhibin B (173 +/- 21 pg/mL), and normal FSH levels (4.6 +/- 0.6 IU/L). In patients with sperm concentrations < 20 x 10(6)/mL the inhibin B level was 118 +/- 14 pg/mL and the FSH level was 10 +/- 1.1 IU/L. In all patients, except those with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism and Klinefelter syndrome. inhibin B and FSH were inversely correlated (r = -.41, p > 0.01). There was a positive correlation between inhibin B and sperm concentrations (r = .34, p < .01). In varicocele men there was a correlation of r = .574, p < .05. Inhibin B may be a marker of exocrine testicular function and may offer an improved diagnosis of testicular dysfunction.     

Quantitative Determination of High Molecular Weight Serum Proteinase Inhibitors in Human Semen

Immunochemical determinations of serum proteinase inhibitors in human semen showed the presence of alpha1-antitrypsin and alpha1,x-antichymotrypsin, whereas inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor, antithrombin III, alpha2-neuramino-glycoprotein and alpha2-macroglobulin could not be detected. Both serum proteinase inhibitors were determined in the seminal vesicle secretions of two patients with prostatic cancer. Employing the Ouchterlony double immunodiffusion technique pattern of identity was found between alpha1-antitrypsin resp. alpha1,x-antichymotrypsin in seminal plasma, seminal vesicle secretions and serum.Mean alpha1-antitrypsin concentration in seminal plasma of 129 andrological patients was 97.7 mug/ml and that of alpha1,x-antichymotrypsin 32.8 mug/ml. There were no differences in the mean alpha1-antitrypsin concentrations of normozoospermic and oligozoospermic ejaculates and those with seminal plasma fructose deficiency. Azoospermic ejaculates, however, showed a significant decrease of the mean alpha1-antitrypsin concentration (p less than 0.05). Alpha1,x-antichymotrypsin concentrations of normozoospermic ejaculates were significantly higher compared to those of oligozoospermia and azoospermia (p less than 0.05). Alpha1,x-antichymotrypsin levels in semen samples were fructose deficiency were not different from those of the total ejaculate population. The cause and significance of the observed differences in the inhibitor concentrations within the different ejaculate types is not known. However, there are no indications for the involvement of both proteinase inhibitors in male reproductive processes.     

Secretion of Metronidazole into the Human Semen

The concentration of metronidazole has been studied in blood and in seminal plasma from apparently healthy volunteers and men with subclinical prostatitis. The volunteers took one dose of 500 mg orally and the patients 250 mg twice daily for two to three days. Therapeutic concentrations of metronidazole were found in blood and semen two to three h after intake. In patients the mean concentration was 8.7 μg/ml in blood plasma and 7.0 μg/ml in seminal plasma. Split ejaculates were collected in four to six fractions and the concentrations of metronidazole in the different tractions were related to those for zinc and fructose. The results indicated that the drug was excreted from prostate, seminal vesicles, and the ampulla ductus deferens.     

睾丸细针穿刺吸液细胞学检查诊断阻塞性无精子症

目的 :观察睾丸细针穿刺吸液 ( FNA)细胞学检查的效果 ,为诊断阻塞性无精子症提供新的诊断方法。方法 :2 86例无精子症患者采用睾丸 FNA细胞学检查结合精浆生化指标测定及输精管造影对睾丸生精功能及阻塞部位进行诊断 ;以 42例精子密度在正常范围 ( 2 5～ 86× 1 0 6 / ml)的成年男性作为对照组。 2 4例做钳穿活检进行自身对照。结果 :( 1 )双侧输精管未触及者 58例 ,睾丸 FNA细胞学检查生精功能正常 2 6例 (可见较多生精细胞、精子细胞及精子 )、生精功能低下 2 4例、无生精功能 8例 ,精浆果糖在正常值范围 ,而肉毒碱及α-糖苷酶明显低于正常值范围 ;( 2 ) 3 2例睾丸 FNA细胞学检查见较多精子 ,精液沉渣涂片未见生殖细胞 ,其中 6例精浆果糖、肉毒碱及 α-糖苷酶明显低于正常值范围 ,结合输精管造影确诊为射精管阻塞 ,其余 2 6例精浆果糖在正常值范围 ,而肉毒碱及α-糖苷酶明显低于正常值范围 ,确诊为附睾尾部阻塞性无精子症 ;( 3 )睾丸生精功能极度低下或无生精功能 1 96例 ,其中 1 60例仅见各级生精细胞、精子细胞和支持细胞 (睾丸生精功能阻滞 ) ,3 6例仅见支持细胞 (唯支持细胞综合征 ) ,精浆果糖、肉毒碱及 α-糖苷酶均在正常值范围 ,为非阻塞性无精子症。结论 :睾丸 FNA细胞学检查可作为阻塞性无?     

Basal serum testosterone as an indicator of response to clomiphene treatment in human epididymis,seminal vesicles and prostate

The present study was designed to determine the response of human epididymis, seminal vesicles and prostate function after a 5-day course of clomiphene citrate in men attending an infertility service. In 45 men, the secretions of the epididymis, seminal vesicles and prostate were assessed by measurements of seminal alpha-glucosidase, fructose and acid phosphatase, respectively. Subjects were classified as normal or abnormal: abnormal men were defined as those who either had history of a sexually transmitted disease (STD), leukocytospermia, hypoandrogenism, or a low response of Leydig cells to clomiphene stimulation; and normal subjects were those who did not have these conditions. Mean serum testosterone luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were significantly increased after the short course with clomiphene citrate. After clomiphene citrate stimulation, the men in the normal group showed significantly increased marker levels of the seminal vesicles (P < 0.02) and prostate (P < 0.05), but not of the epididymis (P : NS). Men classified as abnormal showed no response according to the markers of the seminal vesicles and epididymis. Men with history of STD and abnormal basal values of acid phosphatase did not respond to the treatment. Men with history of STD but normal basal values of seminal acid phosphatase increased significantly in their levels of seminal acid phosphatase after clomiphene stimulation (P < 0.02). Multivariate analysis showed that the basal serum testosterone level was the only variable in predicting the probability of response to the clomiphene in terms of true-corrected seminal fructose, seminal acid phosphatase and seminal alpha-glucosidase levels. In fact, a high response of the seminal vesicles was observed in men with the highest basal serum testosterone levels (0.45 +/- 0.17; coefficient of regression +/- standard error; P < 0.018). However, a high response in terms of seminal acid phosphatase (P < 0.004) or alpha-glucosidase (P < 0.037) was observed in men with low basal serum testosterone levels. In conclusion, in the normal men, true-corrected fructose and acid phosphatase but not alpha-glucosidase in semen increased after duplicate androgen stimulation. An absence of response was observed in cases with history of STD/leukocytospermia or hypoandrogenism.     

Human chorionic gonadotropin beta-subunit in human semen

The level of human seminal chorionic gonadotropin beta-subunit (hCG beta) was determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The mean hCG beta level in 34 normal men was 3.7 +/- 1.6 ng/ml, which was much higher than that in serum. The mean hCG beta level for 20 patients with mild oligozoospermia (20-39 x 10(6) sperm/ml) was 2.5 +/- 0.8 ng/ml, that for 34 patients with severe oligozoospermia (1-19 x 10(6) sperm/ml) was 1.7 +/- 0.5 ng/ml, and that for 21 azoospermia was 1.5 +/- 0.6 ng/ml. Thus, the decrease of sperm count was correlated with the decrease of hCG beta. In 17 cases to which testicular biopsy was applied together with sperm counting, the seminal hCG beta level was found to positively correlate with the germinal cell index (the ratio germinal cell count/Sertoli cell count) and with the testicular volume. The level of seminal hCG beta was also found to correlate negatively with the levels of seminal LH and FSH and positively with the level of seminal testosterone. These findings suggest that the production of seminal hCG beta is a process of spermatogenesis and closely related to spermatogenesis. The level of hCG beta in serum was too low to detect, and no relation to that in seminal plasma could be investigated. However, in 6 cases with testicular tumor, the hCG beta level in serum was high, whereas that in seminal plasma was rather low probably because of unilateral secretion. Enhanced production of hCG beta by tumor tissues and the destruction of the blood-testis barrier by proliferation of tumor cells seemed to be one of the causes of this high hCG beta level in serum. The hCG beta levels in 13 vasectomized seminal plasma and the prostatic fluid samples collected from 3 normal men were 1.5 ng/ml, which was similar to those in azoospermic patients. These findings suggest that the seminal hCG beta level consists of the hCG beta secreted by the testis and about 1.5 ng/ml of hCG beta from the prostate. Based on these results, seminal hCG beta is thought to be secreted by the prostate and the process of spermatogenesis and the value of seminal hCG beta may serve as an effective index for the testicular function.     

无精子症患者精浆果糖测定的临床价值研究

目的探讨不同病因无精子症患者精浆果糖检测对病因诊断的临床价值。方法对100例无精子症患者进行精浆果糖的定性和定量分析,检测其血清中的总睾酮(TT);收集患者相关的临床资料如病理诊断及治疗结果。结果100例无精子症患者果糖定性在正常范围者83例,低于正常范围者17例。定量检查,精浆果糖定性阳性患者的果糖含量波动于6.7~474.1μmol/L,平均(81.1±51.6)μmol/L;精浆果糖定性阴性患者的果糖含量波动于0~8.3μmol/L,平均(2.85±2.63)μmol/L。果糖定量检测低于正常者20例,正常范围80例;其中定性测定结果低于正常范围的患者全部包含在定量测定阴性结果中。精浆果糖定量在正常范围的80例患者TT为(14.5±4.6)nmol/L,20例精浆果糖定量低下患者为(14.2±1.6)nmol/L。果糖定量低于正常的无精子症患者血清TT与对照组比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论从卫生经济学角度考虑,结合病史、查体、血清激素水平测定的基础上,对高度怀疑输精管道梗阻(尤其是输精管或精囊缺如)的无精子症患者,适用于精浆果糖定性分析,而无须行定量分析。     

Study of transferrin concentration in the human seminal plasma

Recently, the seminal plasma transferrin concentration has been reported to be a possible clinical marker of the Sertoli cell function. In the present study we measured the seminal plasma transferrin concentration in patients of male infertility by the method of radial immunodiffusion. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The seminal plasma transferrin concentration is significantly correlated to sperm density (p less than 0.001). However, no significant correlations were obtained to sperm motility, serum LH, FSH and testosterone levels. 2. The seminal plasma transferrin concentration in patients of ductal obstruction was 16.2 +/- 4.1 micrograms/ml, which was approximately 20% of pregnancy-proven men (77.5 +/- 49.0 micrograms/ml). This indicates that seminal plasma transferrin originates mainly from the testis. 3. The seminal plasma transferrin concentrations in oligozoospermic men associated with varicocele and in patients of spermatid arrest were low and their values were 22.1 +/- 7.5 micrograms/ml and 13.0 micrograms/ml, respectively. In these patients the involvement of Sertoli cell dysfunction was suggested. 4. Patients of idiopathic oligozoospermia were divided into two subgroups: patients with high seminal plasma transferrin concentrations (128.3 +/- 23.8 micrograms/ml) and those with low seminal plasma transferrin concentrations (29.8 +/- 0.9 micrograms/ml). The serum gonadotropins levels in the former group was at the same level as those of pregnancy-proven men and the levels of the latter group were significantly elevated. These observations suggest that the two groups thus divided belong to different categories of the disease.     

Significance of Serum FSH Levels and Testicular Morphology in Infertile Males

Objectives: To determine the relationship between plasma levels of FSH and testicular spermatogenic patterns. Methods: Testicular biopsies were obtained from 99 infertile men. Biopsies were performed either in order to distinguish the type of azoospermia (obstructive/non-obstructive) or because of severely subnormal semen variables. Serum FSH was measured by immunoassay (normal range is less than 7 mIU/ml). Results: Statistically significant difference was detected between patients with Sertoli cell only syndrome and normal spermatogenesis, hypospermatogenesis and maturation arrest (p<0.01, p<0.01, p<0.05, respectively). No statistically significant differences were found between normal spermatogenesis, hypospermatogenesis and maturation arrest. Conclusion: Our study revealed that elevation of serum FSH correlates only with the appearance of Sertoli cell only syndrome. We think that azoospermic or severely oligoasthenoteratozoospermic patients with highly elevated plasma FSH levels (three times the normal) could be excluded from separate testicular biopsy, because these patients are not suitable for conventional treatments. If he is willing to undergo an IVF program the sperm will often be present, no matter what the testicular histology is to be used for assisted reproductive techniques, particularly ICSI.     

The value of epididymal protease inhibitor in differential diagnosis between obstructive azoospermia and non-obstructive azoospermia

There are no efficient and noninvasive clinical tests to distinguish between obstructive azoospermia (OA) and non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA). Epididymal protease inhibitor (Eppin) protein is secreted specifically by testes and epididymides in male reproductive system. It does not exist in seminal plasma of patients with OA in theory. The seminal plasma from 40 normal men and 46 azoospermic patients was detected via Western blot for investigating the presence and characteristics of Eppin protein to distinguish between OA and NOA. The cases were diagnosed as NOA whether Eppin in seminal plasma was positive via Western blot analysis. The cases were diagnosed as OA when samples were Eppin-negative. Additionally, percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) and percutaneous testicular sperm aspiration (PTSA) were performed on these patients at the same time as the diagnostic criteria to compare with Western blot analysis. Eppin detection in seminal plasma showed similar effectivity with PESA/PTSA in differential diagnosis between OA and NOA. Compared with PESA/PTSA, Eppin detection is a new, efficient and noninvasive method which has good clinical application.     

Increased Serum FSH Levels Correlated with Low and High Sperm Counts in Male Infertile Patients

Serum FSH, LH and testosterone were measured in 57 (42) normal men and in 80 male infertile patients. In the former, mean (x) FSH was found to be 2.5 ng/ml with a range (x +/- 2 SD) from 0.25 ng/ml to 5.3 ng/ml, mean LH was 2.2 ng/ml with a range from 0.5 ng/ml to 5.6 ng/ml, and mean testosterone was 540 ng/100 ml with a range from 190 mg/ml to 890 ng/100 ml. Immunoassayable FSH was found to be elevated in 17 out of 42 presumably infertile males with sperm counts below 20 million/ml, and in 5 out of 12 men with sperm counts above 120 million/ml. There was no correlation between testosterone and sperm number, motility, and seminal fructose content. The concurrence of depressed spermatogenesis and elevated FSH levels seems to be a relatively good indicator for the presence of organic disorders of the testis.     

非梗阻性无精子症相关病因分析

目的 :探讨非梗阻性无精子症患者血清和精浆中的性激素水平、精浆表皮生长因子、α 葡萄糖苷酶、果糖水平及其变化 ,以及染色体分析的意义。　方法 :采用放射免疫法、比色法、染色体G、C显带等方法 ,对 36例已婚非梗阻性无精子症患者和 2 6例正常已婚有精子男性进行生殖内分泌、遗传学等结果比较 ,探讨导致不育的病因。　结果 :非梗阻性无精子症患者血清中FSH、LH、PRL、E2均高于正常对照男性 ,T水平两者间差异无显著性。而精浆中除FSH外 ,其余差异均无显著性。非梗阻性无精子症组性染色体异常 2例 ,大Y 2例 ,小Y 7例 ,精浆表皮生长因子、果糖两者间无相关性。　结论 :非梗阻性无精子症与血清性激素水平、α 葡萄糖苷酶、染色体异常有密切关系