粘附分子在人直肠腺癌血管内皮细胞的表达及意义

目的：检测血管内皮的细胞间粘附分子（ICAM－）1和癌胚抗原（CEA）及血小板－内皮细胞粘附分子（CD31）的表达,以探讨癌细胞血管浸润转移机理。方法：免疫组织化学方法。结果：癌周直肠组织及淋巴结的血管内皮细胞,均有ICAM－1和CEA的表达。结论：提示在癌细胞沿血管转移过程中,ICAM-1和CEA是介导癌细胞和血管内皮细胞稳定的粘附分子。尚不能确CD31在癌在细胞与血管内皮细胞相互中的地位。     

AN IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF MHC CLASS I EXPRESSION ON HUMAN LANGERHANS CELLS AND MELANOCYTES

Classical MHC class I glycoproteins (HLA-A, B, and C) present endogenous cytosolic peptide antigen fragments to CD8-positive T-cells. CD8-positive T-cell recognition and destruction of virus-infected cells are dependent on adequate cellular MHC class I expression. Constitutive MHC class I expression is ubiquitous, but known to be deficient on specific differentiated cell types which include hepatocytes, neurones, chondrocytes and myocytes. Although enabling assessment of MHC class I expression on individual cells, limitations of immunocytochemistry were encountered with this assessment on Langerhans cells and melanocytes. These dispersed intraepidermal cells were obscured by adjacent keratinocytes in sections immunostained for MHC class I glycoproteins. Initiatives designed to resolve the issue have included immunoelectron microscopy, cell culture techniques, and animal bone marrow chimera models. Despite the elegance of these techniques, the issue of MHC class I expression on Langerhans cells and melanocytes remains unresolved. In this immunocytochemical study, an alternative strategy was based upon the recognized deficiency of epithelial MHC class I expression within pilosebaceous adnexal units. Langerhans cells and melanocytes were therefore studied within this microenvironment of deficient MHC class I expression, using monomorphic and polymorphic MHC markers. Langerhans cells and melanocytes were demonstrated within pilosebaceous units of scalp skin by immunocytochemistry. Differentiation markers OKT6 (CD1a) and TMH1 defined Langerhans cells and melanocytes, respectively. Monomorphic MHC markers W6/32 and TAL IB5 defined invariant epitopes of HLA class I and II, respectively. Polymorphic MHC class I markers defined the HLA-Bw4 and HLA-Bw6 supertypic determinants. Constitutive MHC class I expression was shown to be deficient on Langerhans cells and melanocytes. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

神经干细胞增殖分化过程中Notch通路信号分子的表达

探讨Notch通路信号分子在神经干细胞增殖分化中的表达变化。以Notch1,PS1,RBPJk和HES1为研究对象,用RTPCR、Westernblot法检测其在神经干细胞增殖分化中的表达。RTPCR结果表明:PS1和RBPJkmRNA表达量在神经干细胞分化第2d明显降低,而在分化其它阶段无显著差异;Notch1和HES1mRNA表达量在神经干细胞各分化阶段无明显差异。Westernblot结果显示:PS1蛋白表达量在神经干细胞分化第2d降低,其它阶段无明显差异。Notch信号通路对于维持体外培养的神经干细胞增殖有重要的作用。     

免疫球蛋白超家族黏附分子在淋巴管和不同血管内皮细胞的表达

目的比较免疫球蛋白超家族黏附分子在淋巴管、大血管和微血管内皮细胞的表达特点,探讨免疫球蛋白超家族黏附分子在淋巴管内皮细胞表达的意义。方法从狗的胸导管、颈总动脉、颈内静脉、肺微血管分离内皮细胞,利用免疫荧光标记法检测PECAM-1、ICAM-1、ICAM-3、VCAM-1和CD44在各种内皮细胞的表达,在荧光显微镜和激光共聚焦扫描显微镜下观察,并用图像分析仪分析表达强度。结果动脉、静脉和肺微血管内皮细胞表达PECAM—1、ICAM—1、ICAM-3、VCAM—1和CD44。其中,ICAM-1和ICAM-3的表达较弱。VCAM—1在动脉和肺微血管内皮细胞的表达比静脉强。淋巴管内皮细胞表达PECAM—1、ICAM—1、ICAM-3和CD44,未观察到VCAM—1的表达。ICAM-3和CD44的表达比血管内皮细胞强。结论与动脉、静脉和微血管内皮细胞比较,淋巴管内皮细胞不表达VCAM—1,而ICAM-3和CD44表达较强,这有助于解释淋巴细胞和肿瘤细胞与淋巴管内皮的黏附以及淋巴管新生的机制。     

绿色荧光蛋白在大鼠骨骼肌中的表达

研究绿色荧光蛋白在哺乳动物细胞保的表达。方法制备了含绿色荧光蛋白基因的重组ＤＮＡ,经脂质体法转染培养的大鼠骨骼肌细胞,用共聚焦显微镜观察ＧＦＰ的表达。结果大约２０％－３０％的骨骼３同细胞呈现不同强度色荧光。结论ＧＦＰ是研究活细胞生命现象的一种新途径。     

POSSIBLE SEX-CORRELATED TRANSMISSION OF MATERNAL CLASS I HLA HAPLOTYPES

Forty-seven alleles of class I HLA-AB loci (14 for locus A and 33 for locus B) were identified in 787 participants in two groups of unrelated families. Group I included parents and children typed for bone marrow transplantation. Group II included families typed for renal transplantation. Before statistical evaluation, the A locus alleles were grouped into eight classes according to broad specificity, and the B locus alleles were grouped according to HLA epitopes into two classes. Significant differences in HLA-AB haplotype frequencies were found between male and female offspring. When families with children of both sexes were analysed, the frequencies of maternally inherited HLA-AB haplotypes were found to be significantly different in brothers and sisters. The results suggest the possibility that the transmission of specific AB haplotypes from mother to offspring may be correlated to children’s sex. The major histocompatibility complex has been shown to be involved in the expression of H-Y male-specific minor histocompatibility antigens. The possible selection in the transmission of specific maternal HLA-AB haplotypes to male offspring may contribute to the avoidance of maternal cytotoxic reactions toward the male foetus.     

急性淋巴细胞性白血病细胞及其骨髓基质细胞粘附分子表达和粘附行为的探讨

分析了５８例急性淋巴细胞性白血病（ＡＬＬ）患者和１０例正常人骨髓单个核细胞及其骨髓基质细胞上粘附分子的表达。发现与正常人相比，白血病细胞上表达的ＣＤ１１ａ、ＣＤ１１ｂ、ＣＤ１８、ＣＤ３４、ＣＤ４４、ＣＤ４９ｄ和基质细胞上表达的ＣＤ５４，ＣＤ４９ｂ均有显著性改变（明显下降或显著增高）；同时，来自ＡＬＬ的基质细胞在粘附分子表达和粘附行为上亦不同于正常骨髓基质细胞，认为粘附分子的异常表达可能参与了ＡＬＬ的发病机制。     

神经肽Y基因在哺乳动物细胞CHO中的稳定表达

以ＬｉｐｏｆｅｃｔｉｎＴＭ介导将ｐＲｃ／ＣＭＶＮＰＹ质粒转染入ＣＨＯ细胞，经Ｇ４１８筛选及Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ、ＥＬＩＳＡ和ＨＰＬＣ检测，得到稳定表达神经肽Ｙ（ＮｅｕｒｏｐｅｐｔｉｄｅＹ，ＮＰＹ）的细胞株，表达量为２～１０ｎｇ／（ｍｌ·１０７细胞）；表达时相分析结果显示转染细胞在转染后第４天表达量最高。     

酵母蛋白质组氨酸激酶在昆虫细胞中的表达

以ＤＮＡ聚合酶链式反应从酵母基因组ＤＮＡ中钓取编码酵母组氨酸激酶活性区的ＤＮＡ，将此ＤＮＡ克隆入Ｂａｃｕｌｏｖｉｒｕｓ转递质粒。然后用Ｂａｃｕｌｏ Ｇｏｌｄ ＤＮＡ与重组质粒ｐＶＬ１３９３共转染昆虫细胞（ＳＦ９），在感染了重组Ｂａｃｕｌｏｖｉｒｕｓ的ＳＦ９细胞中表达了ＹＨＫ活性蛋白，该蛋白在体外组氨酸激酶试验中表现出自身组氨酸残基磷酸化的活性。     

STUDY OF HLA CLASS I/II AND T LYMPHOCYTE SUBSETS IN KUWAITI VITILIGO PATIENTS

HLA polymorphisms of class I and class II MHC were investigated in 40 Kuwaiti vitiligo patients and in 40 controls using microcytotoxicity assay. HLA-B21, Cw6 and DR53 were increased significantly in patients compared to controls (P= 0.00001, 0.00001 and P= 0.0053 respectively) while HLA-A19, DR52, were significantly decreased (P= 0.00236,0.05, respectively). Total T-cells, T4 and T8 were measured as CD2, CD4 and CD8 respectively by flow cytometry. Vitiligo patients showed significant increase in CD4 compared to controls (P= 0.03). Our findings suggest that HLA-B21 and Cw6 and DR53, are susceptible genes of vitiligo, while A19 and DR52 are protective genes in the Kuwaiti population.     

BMP-2和EGF对神经干细胞向神经元分化及Notch信号分子表达的影响

采用BMP-2(bonemorphogeneticprotein2)和EGF(epidemicgrowthfactor)诱导体外培养的神经干细胞分化,通过免疫荧光染色以及细胞计数方法,观察其分化为神经元的情况;用RTPCR和Westernblot检测Notch信号分子Notch1、PS1、RBPJk和HES1的表达水平。结果表明:BMP2组分化为神经元的比例明显高于对照(control,Ctrl)组和EGF组;EGF组分化为神经元的比例与Ctrl组相比无显著差别;与Ctrl组相比,BMP-2组和EGF组中Notch通路4种信号分子的mRNA表达量均无显著差异;PS1蛋白表达量也无明显差异。结果提示,BMP-2对神经干细胞分化为神经元的诱导作用强于EGF和自主分化,其分化为神经元的比例增加与Notch信号分子的表达水平无关。     

HLA CLASS I NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCES, 1992

The HLA Class I sequences included in this compilation are taken from publications listed in the papers: Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 1991 (Bodmer et al., 1992), Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 1990 (Bodmer et al., 1991) and factors of the HLA system, 1989 (Bodmer et al., 1990). Due to the increased number of sequences we have only included sequences for exons 2, 3, and 4 in this compilation. Where discrepancies have arisen between reported sequences, the original authors have been contacted where possible, and necessary amendments to published sequences have been incorporated into this alignment. Future sequencing may identify errors in this list and we would welcome any evidence that helps to maintain the accuracy of this compilation. In the sequence alignments, identity between nucleotides is indicated by a hyphen (-). An unavailable sequence is indicated by a period (.). Gaps in the sequence are inserted to maintain the alignment between different alleles showing variation in amino acid number.     

神经肽Y基因在COS－7细胞中的表达

构建大鼠ＮＰＹ基因的瞬时表达载体ｐＳＶＬ－ＮＰＹ，以Ｌｉｐｏｆｅｃｔｉｎ~（ＴＭ）介导将其导入ＣＯＳ－７细胞中，Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ和ＨＰＬＣ检测结果显示：ｐＳＶＬ－ＮＰＹ质粒转染的ＣＯＳ－７细胞可表达ＮＰＹｍＲＮＡ及成熟肽ＮＰＹ。     

代谢型谷氨酸受体Ⅰ组在成年大鼠脑的神经生发区SVZ的表达

成年哺乳动物侧脑室外侧壁的脑室下带(SVZ)具有持续性的神经生发功能。但其受哪些物质调节还不清楚。本研究采 用原位杂交和免疫组织化学方法,显示了代谢型谷氨酸受体I组的mGluR1和mGluR5在SVZ及其邻近室管膜细胞有明显表 达,mGluR5还在侧脑室内侧壁室管膜细胞表达。本研究结果提示,脑室下带细胞可能受谷氨酸的调节。     

大鼠实验性腹膜炎自愈过程中垂体远侧部ACTH细胞和TSH细胞变化的定量研究

用成年雄性Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠３６只，分为实验组和对照组，对照组动物不做任何处理，实验组动物腹腔注射无菌松节油造成急性非特异性腹膜炎。用免疫组织化学、图像分析和形态计量方法研究了大鼠实验性腹膜炎自愈过程中垂体远侧部ＡＣＴＨ细胞和ＴＳＨ细胞的变化。结果表明，注射后第１ｄ和第３ｄ，ＡＣＴＨ免疫反应细胞的面数密度增大，免疫反应增强（Ｐ＜０．０１）；ＴＳＨ免疫反应细胞面数密度无变化，但在注射后的第３ｄ，ＴＳＨ细胞免疫反应减弱（Ｐ＜０．０５）。第５ｄ，ＡＣＴＨ细胞免疫反应稍有增强、面数密度稍有增大，但同对照组相比无显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。注射后第７ｄ，ＴＳＨ细胞免疫反应增强（Ｐ＜０．０５）。注射后第１０ｄ，ＡＣＴＨ细胞和ＴＳＨ细胞的面数密度和免疫反应均恢复正常。本研究结果提示实验性腹膜炎自愈过程中，ＡＣＴＨ细胞功能增强而ＴＳＨ细胞功能被抑制并参与了炎症自愈的调节。