经脐单孔针式腹腔镜胆囊切除术65例临床观察

腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）已成为治疗胆囊良性疾病的成熟方法,随着腹腔镜技术和器械的不断改进,腹腔镜外科向更加微创和美容方向发展。2010年2月至2010年6月我院对65例胆囊良性疾病患者行经脐单孔针式LC,取得良好临床效果。     

经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术后切口感染预防策略

目的 观察新的预防方案对经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术后切口感染的预防效果.方法 经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者57例随机分为观察组31例和对照组26例.观察组切口感染预防措施：术前24 h常规备皮后应用双氧水消毒,安尔碘消毒两遍,最后放置安尔碘棉球于脐部至手术开始;麻醉诱导前半小时预防性应用头孢西丁钠2.0g;切口缝合前应用庆大霉素生理盐水清洗切口;术后24 h换药,术后72 h第2次换药并拆线出院.对照组按照传统措施进行防感染处理.分别于术后12、24、36、48、60、72 h检测两组体温、WBC、中性粒细胞比率（GR）,观察切口局部有无红肿热痛症状,统计两组切口感染发生率.结果 对照组术后24、36、48、60h体温高于观察组,术后24、72 h WBC高于观察组,术后24、72 h GR高于观察组（P均＜0.05）.观察组术后体温、WBC、GR较术前略升高,但无统计学意义,对照组体温、WBC、GR较术前升高（P均＜0.05）.观察组无切口感染（0％）,对照组2例（7.7％）,两组切口感染发生率相比,P ＜0.05.结论 用新预防方案即术前应用双氧水、安尔碘消毒、麻醉诱导前预防性应用抗生素、调整术后换药时间可降低经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术后切口感染发生率.     

经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗单纯胆囊结石、胆囊息肉临床观察

目的观察经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗单纯胆囊结石、胆囊息肉的临床效果。方法单纯胆囊结石或胆囊息肉患者46例,其中24例采用经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术(TSP-LC)(单孔组),22例采用传统四孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术(多孔组)。两组患者年龄、性别、病情等比较,P均>0.05。观察两组手术时间、术中出血量、术中及术后并发症情况、疼痛情况、术后排气时间、住院时间、治疗费用。结果两组患者均顺利完成手术,无术中及术后死亡病例,无中转开腹手术病例。单孔组有3例因肥胖、胆汁渗漏、三角解剖结构不清楚等改行多孔腹腔镜手术,2例术后发生腹腔内残余感染。多孔组有1例术后出现切口脂肪液化,1例因胆囊床积液行术后超声引导下穿刺治疗。单孔组手术时间为(76.41±19.34)min,长于多孔组的(28.16±10.62)min,P<0.05。术后第1天单孔组VAS为(4.21±1.16)分,低于多孔组的(5.98±2.01)分,P<0.05。手术瘢痕满意度单孔组为95.2%,高于多孔组的86.4%(P<0.05)。结论 TSP-LC治疗单纯胆囊结石、胆囊息肉患者住院时间短、术后疼痛轻、瘢痕少、疗效较好。     

经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术疗效观察

目的观察经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术的疗效。方法 17例胆囊疾病患者,均于脐部上方做一长1.5cm弧形切口,用自制防漏气装置建立腹腔镜操作通道,用普通腔镜器械行胆囊切除术。结果手术均获成功。术中无操作孔相关并发症。手术时间50-90 min。未放置引流管,术后无并发症。结论经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术安全有效。     

经腹腔镜非常规胆囊切除术临床探讨

复杂性胆囊结石的腹腔镜手术较为棘手，常因组织水肿、致密粘连、萎缩、纤维瘢痕化、变异等因素造成解剖不清，如处理不当易致出血、胆道损伤、胆漏及邻近器官损伤等严重并发症。本院应用经腹腔镜非常规胆囊切除法进行手术，取得满意疗效，现报告如下。资料与方法一、临床资料：自１９９２年１１月至１９９７年１１月，我院作腹腔镜胆囊切除术（ＬＣ）３５９６例，男∶女＝１∶２．６；年龄１２～８６岁，平均４９．８岁。其中胆囊结石伴慢性胆囊炎２８７８例，胆囊结石伴急性胆囊炎３７５例，胆囊结石伴萎缩性胆囊炎２０３例，另有慢性胆…     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术临床应用

腹腔镜胆囊切除术临床应用杨海东刘迂宋金亮陆光生杜宏伟１９９２年１０月～１９９３年１２月，我院完成了１１２例腹腔镜胆囊切除（ＬａｐａｒｏｓｃｏｐｉｃＣｈｏｌｅｃｙｓｔｅｃｔｏｍｙ，ＬＣ），取得了满意效果。临床资料：男３８例，女７４例，平均年龄３９．６岁...     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术524例体会

20 0 0～ 2 0 0 2年 ,我们为 5 2 4例患者施行腹腔镜胆囊切除术 ( L C) ,现将体会报告如下。临床资料 :本组男 144例 ,女 3 80例 ,年龄 2 2～ 90岁。 B超检查示慢性胆囊炎伴结石 44 2例 ,胆囊良性隆起样病变 5 2例 ,萎缩性胆囊炎伴结石 18例 ,非结石性胆囊炎 12例。均采用 3 0°腹腔镜 ,标准四孔法完成 L C,其中中转开腹手术 16例。术中并发症 :胆总管横断 1例、胆囊床迷走胆管损伤 1例、出血 3例 ,均中转开腹处理 ,痊愈出院。术后胆囊管残端漏 1例、出血 1例 ,均再次手术处理 ;余患者均恢复顺利痊愈出院。讨论 :L C的优点为创伤小 ,患者…     

经腹腔镜胆囊切除术1650例的经验

本文报告我院为各种类型的胆囊良性疾病患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术（ＬＣ）１６５０例，中转手术３２例，发生各种并发症３１例，其中肝外胆管损伤４例，术后需剖腹止血３例，胆囊管残端瘘１例。治愈１６４９例，死亡１例。重点讨论ＬＣ手术的并发症与学习曲线，中转开腹手术指征，强调ＬＣ术中正确辩论胆囊壶腹与胆囊管交界部在预防肝外胆管损伤中的作用和地位。     

经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术及术中使用超声刀直接处理胆囊动脉的疗效分析

目的探讨经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术及术中超声刀直接处理胆囊动脉的临床可行性及使用价值。方法回顾性分析本科室自2011年3月-2012年12月施行腹腔镜胆囊切除术并术中超声刀直接处理胆囊动脉231例患者的临床资料。根据患者要求手术方式分为经脐单孔腔镜组125例(A组)和三孔腔镜组106例(B组),比较2种术式的手术时间、术中出血量、术后镇痛、术后进食、术后住院时间、术后并发症发生情况以及超声刀直接处理胆囊动脉的效果。计量资料组间比较采用t检验,计数资料比较采用卡方检验。结果 A组手术时间平均为(20.21±1.86)min,长于B组的(18.43±1.37)min,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);A组术中出血量平均为(23.23±6.25)ml,B组为(22.34±5.49)ml,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);A组术后5例须要镇痛,B组21例,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);A组术后进食时间为(6.56±1.23)h,B组为(6.67±1.45)h,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);A组术后住院平均时间为(2.98±0.23)d,B组为(3.02±0.18)d,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);2组患者术后均未留置引流管。2组术后均无出血、胆管损伤、胆漏及切口感染等并发症发生。超生刀直接凝断胆囊动脉止血效果可靠,术后无继发性出血发生。所有患者术后随访2~12个月,平均6.5个月,患者康复良好,无切口疝发生,脐部瘢痕不明显,美容效果较好。结论经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术具有三孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术相同临床效果,并且具有创伤小,术后疼痛轻、美容效果好等优势,特别适用外貌美容要求较高的患者。超声刀直接离断胆囊动脉能够减少由于仔细分离胆囊动脉而意外造成的大出血,同时也相应缩短手术时间,是一种安全、可行的手术方式,值得临床推广应用。     

The feasibility of single port laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a pilot study of 20 cases

Introduction. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become the gold standard for symptomatic cholelithiasis ¹. Traditionally done through four ports, three and two port surgeries have been described. We present a novel technique of single port cholecystectomy using the R-Port^R (Advanced Surgical Concepts). Materials and methods. The R-Port^R is a Tri-port that allows the ingress of three 5 mm instruments through a single port. Twenty patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis were subjected to single port cholecystectomy using the R-Port^R through the umbilicus. Two patients also had choledocholithiasis. Modified instruments with angulated shafts were used for the surgery. A telescope with a coaxial light cable was also used. Whenever necessary, an extra needle for retraction or an additional 5 mm port was used. Results. Single port laparoscopic was accomplished in 17 of the 20 patients. In one patient an additional port was used for the cholecystectomy and in two others it was used for the common bile duct exploration but not for the dissection of Calot''s triangle. Of the 17 patients, seven needed a single needle to retract the fundus of the gall bladder. Conclusions. Single port laparoscopic cholecystectomy is feasible and safe using the R-Port. The level of difficulty is higher and a needle for retraction or an additional port may be used whenever the visualization of Calot''s triangle is unsatisfactory. Further studies and the development of better instrumentation are necessary before this can be recommended as a standard procedure.     

经脐单孔腹腔镜技术在肝胆外科疾病治疗中的应用

目的 探讨经脐单孔腹腔镜技术在肝胆外科疾病治疗中的安全性和可行性.方法 分析总结我院2010年5月至2011年5月应用单孔腹腔镜技术选择性对71例患有肝胆疾病患者的手术资料,其中胆囊结石39例,胆囊息肉15例,肝囊肿14例,肝癌1例.结果 69例患者均成功实施了单孔手术,2例胆囊结石患者,由于局部粘连较重,改常规腹腔镜手术.行胆囊切除54例,手术时间45～ 95 min;肝囊肿14例,行囊肿开窗术手术时间25～45 min;左肝外叶边缘肝癌1例,行肝楔形切除术,手术时间145 min.术后无黄疸、胆汁漏、出血和切口感染等并发症.脐部切口瘢痕小而隐蔽,无明显可视瘢痕.结论在现有条件下单孔腹腔镜手术操作难度较大,术前和术中慎重把握手术适应证,及时改变手术方法,对多数患者经脐单孔腹腔镜手术是安全的,具有极好的美容效果.     

Zeus robot-assisted laparoscopic cholecystectomy in comparison with conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy

BACKGROUND: The robotic surgical system overcomes many technological obstacles of conventional laparoscopic surgery, and possesses enormous clinical applied potential. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of Zeus robot-assisted laparoscopic cholecystectomy with conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS: Forty patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy were randomly divided into two groups. Patients in group A (n=20) underwent Zeus robot-assisted laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and patients in group B (n=20) received conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The parameters on operative field, operative time, the number of actions, the rate of operative errors and minimal trauma were evaluated and compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The number of cleating camera (1.1±1.0 times) and the time of adjusting the operative field (2.2±0.7 minutes) in group A were significantly less than those (4.5±1.5 times) and (7.5±1.2 minutes) in group B. The number of dissection actions (337±86 times) and the rate of operative errors (10%) in group A were less than those (389±94 times), (25%) in group B. The total operation time (104.9±20.5 minutes) and setup time (29.5±9.8 minutes) in group A were significandy longer than those (78.6±17.1 minutes), (12.6±2.5 minutes) in group B. Blood loss and postoperative hospitalization were similar. No postoperative complications occurred in both groups, and open cholecystectomy was performed in each group. CONCLUSIONS: Zeus robot-assisted cholecystectomy inherits the benefits of minimally invasive surgery. The Zeus robotic surgical system is better than conventional laparoscopic technique in controlling the operative field and can be manipulated precisely and stablely though it requires more operative time.     

Open versus laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallbladder carcinoma

Laparoscopic surgery has replaced conventional open cholecystectomy for benign gallbladder disease. A major concern is how to handle gallbladder cancer in the laparoscopic era, since there are numerous case reports of port site metastases from gallbladder cancer after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. There are also many experimental studies favoring the opinion that the laparoscopic technique implies a higher risk of spreading malignant disease. This opinion has gained wide acceptance despite little previous clinical effort to determine the risk of tumor dissemination and the lack of comparisons between open and laparoscopic surgery. This report is a short summary of our own studies and present knowledge with special respect to the clinical aspects of the development and incidence of abdominal wall metastases. Among 270 patients with verified gallbladder carcinoma in whom 210 had open surgery and 60 a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, 12 patients (6.5%) in the open cholecystectomy group and 9 (15%) in the laparoscopic group developed incisional metastases. Although the sparse clinical documentation does not unavoidably mean that laparoscopic cholecystectomy has an increased risk of disseminating tumor cells, we recommend open surgery in cases of known or suspected gallbladder carcinoma.     

Change in quality of life between primary laparoscopic cholecystectomy and laparoscopic cholecystectomy after percutaneous transhepatic gall bladder drainage

One of the most important reasons for avoiding percutaneous transhepatic gall bladder drainage (PTGBD) is the deterioration of quality of life (QOL). However, there is no study comparing the QOL between primary laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and LC following PTGBD.Among the LC patients, 69 non-PTGBD patients and 21 PTGBD patients were included after excluding the patients with malignant disease or who needed additional common bile duct procedures. Clinicopathologic characteristics and surgical outcomes were compared. QOL was evaluated with questionnaire EORCT-C30 before and after surgery.The included patients comprised 69 non-PTGBD and 21 PTGBD patients. The PTGBD group include older and higher morbid patients. PTGBD group needed longer operation times than the non-PTGBD group (72.4±34.7 minute vs 52.8±22.0 minute, P = .022) Regarding the overall incidence of complication, the PTGBD group had a significantly higher complication rate than the non-PTGBD group (38.1% vs 10.1%, P = .003) However, there was no significant difference in severe complication). Regarding the QOL, both the functional and global health scales were improved following surgery compared to the preoperative evaluation. Comparative analysis of the 2 groups showed no significant difference in global heath scale either preoperative or postoperatively, while the functional scale and emotional scale were better in the PTGBD group compared to the non-PTGBD group. Regarding the symptom scale, postoperative dyspnea and perioperative diarrhea were better in the PTGBD group.LC following an interval from earlier PTGBD that targets acute cholecystitis or complicated GB had little to no impact on QOL when compared to standard LC.     

Outpatient versus inpatient laparoscopic cholecystectomy:a single center clinical analysis

BACKGROUND:Outpatient laparoscopic cholecystectomy (OPLC) developed in the United States and other developed countries as one of the fast-track surgeries performed in ambulatory centers.However,this practice has not been installed as a routine practice in the major general hospitals and medical centers in China.We designed this case-control study to evaluate the feasibility,benefits,and safety of OPLC.METHODS:Two hundred patients who had received laparoscopic cholecystectomy for various benign gallbladder p...     

Minilaparotomy cholecystectomy with ultrasonic dissection versus conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized multicenter study

Abstract

Objective. Cholecystectomy by minilaparotomy (MC) or by laparoscopy (LC) has been shown to have equal results of both early and late recovery. Although, the ultrasonic dissection (UsD) technique has seen used in LC, the technique is rarely used in MC. Material and methods. Initially, 88 patients with uncomplicated symptomatic gallstones were randomized into MC with UsD (n = 44) or conventional LC (n = 44) over a 2-year period (2010–2012). The two groups were similar in terms of age and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status score. Results. Both groups were similar in terms of the operative time and the time in the operation theatre, the success of day-surgery and satisfaction with the procedure. The MC group had significantly less postoperative pain than the LC group, p = 0.002, and the MC group used less analgesics doses during the first 24 h: 2.8 (1.2) doses vs. 3.8 (1.4) doses, p = 0.003. The convalescence needed was 3 days shorter in the MC group, 7 (3) days, than that in the LC-group, 10 (8) days, p = 0.024. In the MC group 4 patients and in the LC group 11 (p = 0.046) required more than 14 days of sick leave. In the MC group there was one and in the LC group two conversions to open surgery. Conclusion. The patients in the MC group had less early postoperative pain and had a shorter convalescence than the patients in the LC group.     

A randomized multicenter study of minilaparotomy cholecystectomy versus laparoscopic cholecystectomy with ultrasonic dissection in both groups

Objective: Ultrasonic dissection (UsD) has been used in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), though it is not the golden standard technique. Applying UsD to cholecystectomy by minilaparotomy (MC) is less common and there are no prospective randomized trials comparing these two techniques. Therefore, we conducted the present study to investigate the use of the UsD in the MC versus the LC procedure. Material and methods: Initially 104 patients with non-complicated symptomatic gallstone disease were randomized into MC (n?=?53) or LC (n?=?51) groups, both groups using UsD, over a period of 2 years (2013–2015). The study groups were similar in terms of age and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status score. Results: The demographic variables and the surgical data were similar in the study groups. Similar low postoperative pain scores were reported in the two study groups during the first four hours after surgery. The incidence of nausea/vomiting was similar between the two study groups, 47% in the MC group versus 42% in the LC group. However, the patients in the MC group were treated more frequently with antiemetics, the incidence being 39% in the MC group versus 21% in the LC group (p?=?0.02). The pain at rest at 24h after the surgery was similar in the two study groups, but the LC patients reported less pain at the normal activity, the mean of numerical rating scale (NRS) of 0–10 score being 3.9 in the MC group versus 2.9 in the LC group (p?=?0.05), and the pain at the quick movement/coughing, the mean NRS being 4.9 in the MC group versus 3.2 in the LC group (p?=?0.005). The length of sick leave was 17.4 days in the MC group and 14.4 days in the LC group (p?=?0.05). Conclusion: Our results suggest that both MC and LC are feasible and safe options for mini-invasive cholecystectomy. A new finding with clinical relevance in the present work is a relatively similar short-term outcome in the MC and LC althought the LC patients reported significantly lower pain score 24 hours postoperatively and a shorter convalescence.     

老年人腹腔镜胆囊切除术521例临床分析

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除在治疗老年人胆囊良性疾病中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析５２１例老年患者胆囊切除术的结果。结果５２１例中，单纯慢性结石性胆囊炎４５９例，其中继发胆总管结石２例，急性胆囊炎２４例，胆囊息肉３８例。术中因炎性粘连、疑胆囊癌等改做开腹手术１８例（３．５％），发生严重并发症３例（０．６％），治愈４９９例（９５．８％），死亡１例。结论为老年人施行腹腔镜胆囊切除术，如医生经过充分的训练并了解可能发生的困难，仍是安全可行的手术方法。