RootZX测量仪两种测量法测定根尖吸收牙齿工作长度的准确性

目的 比较RootZX测量仪两种测量法测定根尖区吸收牙齿工作长度结果的准确性。方法 将80颗离体前牙平均分成甲、乙两组，其中乙组用700#裂钻深入根尖孔钻入3mm，破坏根尖狭窄处。将两组牙齿分别放置于测量槽中，使用RootZX测量仪测量，分剐以显示屏上0．5的位置测得的根管长度（A测量法）和显示屏上0的位置测得的根管长度减去0．5mm（B测量法）作为工作长度。计算两种测量法得出的数据与肉眼下根管长度的差值a，比较两组中两种测量法的准确性。结果 甲组中两种测量法的准确率均为95％；乙组中B测量法的准确率85％高于A测量法的准确率55％，且具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。A测量法在甲组中的准确率高于在乙组中的准确率，且具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；B测量法在甲组中的准确率高于在乙组中的准确率，但不具有统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论 对于根尖狭窄区破坏的牙齿，采用以显示屏上0的位置测得的根管长度减去0．5mm作为工作长度可得到准确的工作长度。     

3 种根测仪定位根管侧穿孔准确性的比较研究

目的:比较研究Propex,Raypex 5,Root ZX全自动根管长度测量仪(根测仪)定位根管侧穿孔位置的准确性.方法:选取40 颗离体前磨牙,采用ET40超声工作尖破坏根管中下部根管壁,造成根管侧穿.建立体外模型,使用Propex,Raypex 5,Root ZX全自动根管长度测量仪定位穿孔位置,并比较3 种根管长度测量仪测量准确性.结果:Propex, Raypex 5, Root ZX全自动根管长度定位测量仪测量,均是定位于根管穿孔外壁的位置,并且Propex的准确率为90%, Raypex 5测量准确率为87.5%,Root ZX测量准确率为85%,但3 组准确率的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05). 结论:对于根管壁侧穿的牙齿,使用Propex, Raypex 5,Root ZX全自动根管长度定位测量仪定位的穿孔位置均具有较高的准确性.     

RootZX根管测量仪与X线片测量根管长度的比较研究

目的比较RootZX型根管长度测量仪与X线片定位法对根管长度测量的准确性。方法选取门诊需根管治疗的病例107颗患牙，根管总数213个，采用G钻预备根管口，RootZX根管氏度测量仪初测根管长度后，插K锉以标准投照技术拍摄X线片，测量诊断丝距根尖的距离用以评价RootZX测量的准确性。结果RootZX根管长度测量仪与X线片测量根管长度无显著差异（P〉0．05），误差在±0．5mm内的根管数有207个，准确率达97．18％。结论RootZX根管长度测量仪可用于临床，是一种准确性较高，重复性较好，能减少X线损害的根管治疗定位仪器。     

三种根管长度测量仪测定根尖吸收牙齿工作长度准确性的比较研究

目的　比较三种不同根管长度测量仪测定根尖区吸收牙齿工作长度结果的准确性。方法　将 6 0颗离体前牙平均分成三组 ,用 70 0 # 裂钻深入根尖孔钻入 3mm ,破坏根尖狭窄处。将三组牙齿分别放置于测量槽中 ,使用RootZX、Neosonic和JustyⅡ测量其工作长度。结果　所得出的数据与肉眼下准确测量所得出的数据比较 ,A组在± 0 .5mm 6 5 .0 %、± 1mm 85 .0 %、± 1.5mm 10 0 .0 %。B组在± 0 .5mm 6 0 .0 %、± 1mm 85 .0 %、± 1.5mm10 0 .0 %。C组在± 0 .5mm 75 .0 %、± 1mm 90 .0 %、± 1.5mm 10 0 .0 %。结论　三种测量仪测量值具有准确性 ,A组、B组和C组无明显差异     

根管长度电测仪在老年人根管治疗中的临床应用

目的初步探讨RootZX根管长度电测仪测定老年人根管工作长度的准确性及不同根髓状态对其测量准确性的影响。方法选择老年患者需作根管治疗的患牙204颗,根管373个,随机分为电测法组和手感法组,分别测定根管的工作长度后预备根管,X线片试尖测定牙齿的长度,比较电测法组和手感法组测定根管工作长度的准确率。以及不同根髓状态对电测法测定根管工作长度准确率的影响。结果电测法组、手感法组准确率分别为93.75%、67.96%。经χ2检验,两组间有显著性差异。电测法中活髓根管准确率为93.81%,死髓根管的准确率为93.68%。经χ2检验,两组准确率无显著性差异。结论RootZX测量老年人根管工作长度的准确率明显高于手感法,其准确性不受根髓状态的影响。     

根管长度电测仪测定后牙根管工作长度的临床研究

目的:探讨RootZX根管长度电测仪测量后牙根管工作长度的临床效果。方法:采用RootZX对60例79个后牙186个根管进行根管长度测量,以此长度进行根管预备,按测量长度插入牙胶尖摄X线牙片,计算出实际工作长度,计算RootZX测量根管工作长度的准确率。结果:在实际工作长度±0.5mm范围内,ZootZX测量准确率为87.6%,测量活髓和死髓牙根管工作长度的准确率无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:ZootZX根管长度测定仪测定根管工作长度准确性较高。     

根管长度测量仪在根管预备中的应用

目的评价RootZX电子根管长度测量仪测量根管工作长度的准确性和实用性。方法选择门诊患者180颗牙共320个根管,随机分为2组。试验组90颗牙164个根管,用根管长度测量仪测量其工作长度,进行根管预备和充填,术后拍片;对照组90颗牙共156个根管,用X线牙片法确定根管的工作长度,进行根管预备和充填,术后拍片。结果RootZX组和X线组两组间比较根充结果差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论ZootZX根管长度测量仪在根管预备中能准确、快速的测量出根管长度。     

Raypex 5根尖定位仪临床应用的准确性观察分析

目的：观察Raypex 5在临床应用中测量根管工作长度的准确性及影响因素。方法：共收集342例患者的903个根管,随机分为实验组和对照组。实验组458个根管采用Raypex 5测量根管工作长度。对照组445个根管,按手感法测量根管工作长度,拍摄X线片,分析比较,研究其准确性及影响因素。结果：在X线片上恰填范围内,实验组准确率达94.32%,对照组75.06%。电测法与手感法的准确率比较有显著性差异（P〈0.01）。牙髓活力,根尖骨质破坏状况,龋洞类型,牙位,牙齿形态,根管数目对Raypex 5测量根管工作长度的准确性无明显影响。结论：根尖定位仪Raypex 5能较为准确地测量根管工作长度,准确率比手感法高,值得临床推广使用。     

Raypex5根管长度测量仪准确性的临床及体外实验研究

目的：研究不同根管内容物（17％EDTA凝胶、生理盐水、5．25％次氯酸钠溶液）和根尖孔面积大小对Raypex5根管长度测量仪测量准确性的影响。方法：选取需要拔除的60颗单根管患牙,采用Raypex5根测仪在不同根管介质环境下,测量根管工作长度（EwLl）,拔除患牙后在体视显微镜下测得根管实际工作长度（L1）;并建立体外模型,测量不同根尖孔面积（s）、根管工作长度（EWL2）和实际根管长度（L2）,对根管在3种介质环境下Raypex5根测仪所测长度行单因素方差分析,与实际根管长度比较采用配对t检验;对根尖孔面积与Raypex5电测法测量值偏差之间的关系采用直线相关分析。结果：①．三组不同根管介质中的根管长度测量值之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。②．不同介质的根管长度测量值与根管实际长度之间的偏差无统计学意义（p〉0．05）。③．当根尖狭窄破坏后,根尖孔面积与根测仪测量值的偏差之间存在线性相关关系,（P〈0．0D。结论：Raypex5根管长度测量仪的准确性不受根管内介质的影响。当根尖狭窄被破坏后,根尖孔面积对Raypex5测量准确性有影响,临床上对根尖有吸收破坏或根尖未发育完全的患牙采用Raypex5电测法测量时,应谨慎参考根管工作长度值。     

ZX根管测量仪与X线片试尖测量根管长度的比较研究

目的 :探讨森田RootZX(简称ZX)根管测量仪用于指导根管预备的临床价值。方法 :随机抽取 10 0例根管治疗病例 ,在根管预备前进行根管测量 ,以此长度进行根管预备。然后按测量长度插入牙胶尖摄X线牙片 ,计算出实际根管长度 ,比较其准确率。其准确率范围限定在± 1.0mm。结果 :ZX测量准确率为 91%。无 1例超出根尖孔。结论 :ZX测量仪不失为一种安全可靠、准确率高的根管长度测量仪。     

In vitro measurement accuracy of an electronic apex locator in teeth with simulated apical root resorption

The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the accuracy of Root ZX apex locator to determine the working length in teeth with simulated apical root resorption. Fifty extracted, single-rooted, human teeth with mature apices were used in this study. An irregular cavity defect was drilled at the apex of each tooth simulating an apical root resorption. Three operators used the Root ZX to measure the working lengths, comparing the electronic readings with the direct visual measurements. The Root ZX was 62.7%, 94.0%, and 100.0% accurate to within 0.5 mm, 1 mm, and 1.5 mm of the direct visual measurements, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed between operator A and B and A and C (p < 0.01), but no significant differences were detected between operator B and C (p > 0.01).     

Determination of working length for teeth with wide or immature apices: a review

Practitioners face several challenges during the root canal treatment of teeth with wide or immature apices, one of which is working length determination. There is relatively little data regarding the value of radiography and electronic apex locator (EAL) use when root formation is incomplete, and supplementary measurement techniques may be helpful. This review considers length determination for canals with wide or completely open apices in permanent and primary teeth. The Ovid Medline, Web of Science and Scopus databases were searched individually and in combinations to August 2012 using the subject headings ‘working length determination’ and ‘open apex’ and revealed only one article. Further headings, ‘tooth apex’, ‘apical constriction’, ‘resorption’, ‘foramen size’, ‘mature root apex’, ‘immature root apex’, ‘working length determination’, ‘apexification’, ‘open apices’, ‘open apex’, ‘open apical foramina’, ‘canal length determination’, ‘immature teeth’, ‘apical diameters’, ‘electronic apex locators’, ‘primary teeth’, ‘treatment outcome’ and ‘clinical outcome’ were entered. Potentially useful articles were chosen for a manual search of bibliography as well as a forward search of citations. Other investigations revealed case reports and some research related to open apices and laboratory studies evaluating EALs, radiography and tactile methods. Some involved permanent teeth of various apical diameters and primary teeth with and without resorption. There is a need to define the term ‘open apex’. Clinicians should be aware of the benefits and limitations of all canal measuring techniques involved in managing this problem.     

根管长度电测法准确性及其影响因素的探讨

目的:探讨JUSTY-Ⅱ电测仪测量根管工作长度的准确性及其影响因素。方法:选择148颗患牙,其中牙髓炎71颗,牙髓坏死46颗,根尖周炎31颗。随机分为2组,分别用指感法和电测法测量根管工作长度,以X线片影像为参照,用χ2检验比较其结果,并分析各临床病变类型、根管干湿状态和根管扩大等因素对电测法准确性的影响。结果:电测法准确率为87.84%,指感法为43.24%,2组有高度显著性差异(P<0.01)。根尖周炎组准确率与牙髓炎组、牙髓坏死组有显著性差异(P<0.05)。根管干湿状态对测量结果无影响,扩根前后准确率有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:电测法是一种准确、操作简便的测量根管工作长度的方法。根尖周组织的炎症以及根管扩大,均会降低其准确性。     

根管测量仪测定不同类型患牙工作长度准确性的探讨

目的:探讨不同类型患牙应用根管测量仪测量根管长度的准确性。方法:选择88例需要根管治疗的病例,共122颗患牙,均为单根牙,其中牙髓炎组62颗,根尖周炎组60颗。两组分别采用Root ZX根管测量仪测量根管工作长度并与X线法计算的根管工作长度比较,了解其应用在不同患牙时的准确性。结果:应用根管测量仪牙髓炎组的准确率优于根尖周炎组。结论:电测法测定根管工作长度快速、准确,但对较复杂的患牙,需用X线辅助校正电测法的结果。     

The effect of an apex locator on exposure to radiation during endodontic therapy

The objective of this study was to investigate whether the use of an electronic apex locator results in a reduction in X-ray exposure during endodontic therapy. Fifty, sound, extracted, single-rooted canine and incisor teeth were selected and randomly divided into two groups (A and B) of 25 teeth. The working length was determined radiographically with (group B) and without (group A) adjunctive use of an apex locator by one operator. After working length determination, the teeth were sectioned and the actual working length measured for comparison. For group A, 14 retake radiographs were required to determine the working length, whereas group B required no retake radiographs; this difference was highly significant (p < 0.001). The electronic apex locator was extremely accurate in locating the apical foramen with all teeth tested within 0.5 mm of the anatomical apex and 11 (44%) teeth at the apical foramen. In contrast, 15 (60%) teeth tested using radiographs alone were within 0.5 mm of the anatomical apex and only 4 (16%) teeth were actually at the anatomical apex. It was concluded that using an electronic apex locator as an aid to endodontic therapy could potentially reduce the number of diagnostic radiographs required for working length determination. Location of the apical foramen using a combination of an electronic apex locator and radiographs to determine working length is more accurate than using radiographs alone.     

应用Neosono根尖定位仪测量根管工作长度的临床研究

目的：研究根尖定位仪Neosono测量根管工作长度的准确性。方法：选取250个需行根管治疗的单根管牙为研究对象,以插针拍X线片计算牙的长度,将电测法和手感法测得的根管工作长度与X线片法测得的牙的长度相比较来计算电测法和手感法的准确率,并进行统计学分析。结果：电测法的准确率是94．8％,手感法的准确率是74％,电测法的准确率高于手感法。结论：手感法的准确率较低,可起参考作用,电测法准确率较高,可作为根管工作长度的常规测量,必要时可用X线片法来确认。3种方法联合应用,能够满足临床要求。     

Neosono Co-pilot根尖定位仪准确性的临床评价

目的：研究Neosono Co-pilot根尖定位仪在根管工作长度测定方面的准确性。方法：将需行根管治疗的137个牙、共389个根管随机分为两组。电测组采用Neosono Co-pilot根尖定位仪测量根管工作长度,对照组采用手感法结合插针定位X线片测量。根据根管充填后X线片评价其准确性。结果：Neosono Co-pilot的适充率为95.63%,手感法结合插针定位X线片法的适充率为91.26%,两种方法无显著性差异（p〉0.05）。结论：Neosono Co-pilot根尖定位仪临床操作简便、准确性较高,同时能减少X线的辐射量。     

Root ZX根尖电测仪测定根管长度的准确性评价

目的：评价Root ZX根尖电测仪测定根管长度的准确性。方法：49颗(70个根管)根尖发育完全、因正畸需拔除的牙齿在局麻下，开髓、拔髓。Root ZX根尖电测仪测定根管长度，拔除后测定根管实长，比较二者的差异。分别以0．5mm、1．0mm、1．5mm误差评定测量结果的准确性。结果：体内测量平均根管长度为20．81mm，体外测量根管实际长度为21．21mm。84．29％(59／70)测量值位于根管内，8．57％(6／70)恰好位于根尖孔，7．14％(5／70)超出根尖孔。以0．5mm为标准，准确率为64．29％，以1．0mm为标准，准确率为81．43％。若以1．5mm以内为可接受范围，则准确率为90％。结论：Root ZX根尖电测仪能较准确测定根管工作长度，提高根管治疗的质量和工作效率。但仍需和X线照片结合指导临床工作。