氮化硅复合骨内种植体的骨计量学研究

目的 研究新型氮化硅陶瓷复合种植体周转骨界面的动态变化。方法 采用４只Ｂｅａｇｌｅ犬作实验动物,氮化硅复合羟基磷灰石咱植体、单一氮化硅种植体为实验组,钛合金种植体及钛合金复合羟基磷灰石种植体为对照组。分期植入动物股骨内,取不同期骨标本制备磨片,用骨计量学方法分析比较不同种植体蚧面骨的生长代谢情况,从定量、动态的角度对其生物相容性给予评价。结果 １个月时氮化硅复合种植体－－骨界面的矿化沉积速率参数均     

生物陶瓷涂层复合种植体骨界面的剪切强度

本文以恒河猴为实验对象,以未涂层纯钛种植体为对照,用力学测试方法研究两种生物活性玻璃陶瓷涂层种植体植入股骨后,种植体——骨界面的剪切强度。结果表明:两种生物活性玻璃陶瓷涂层种植体,与未涂层种植体相比,在种植早期较快与骨形成牢固的结合。其中,又以M—涂层种植体更明显,它的平均界面剪切强度,在种植后3个月是未涂层者的2至3倍。     

钛芯羟基磷灰石涂层种植体即刻种植的临床观察

目的：观察钛芯羟基磷灰石涂层二段式种植体即刻种植的临床效果。方法：16例患者在拔牙同时植入钛芯羟基磷灰石涂层二段式种植体20枚,种植体上部和牙槽骨间的间隙植入致密多晶羟基磷灰石颗粒人工骨,唇颊侧粘骨膜瓣复位同腭侧牙龈相对缝合,封闭种植窝。3－6个月后进行上部义齿的修复。结果：经3－8年观察,15例19个种植体成功,1例因种植体周围炎拔除。结论：只要选择适当的病例,严格遵循种植外科的操作原则和技术,即刻种植是可行的并能达到和延期种植相似的效果。     

羟基磷灰石涂层种植体─骨界面的生物力学研究

本项研究选用氧化铝作为种植体基体，在８５０℃和１０５０℃下分别在其表面烧结羟基磷灰石（简称ＨＡ），制成ＨＡ１和ＨＡ２涂层种植体，以纯钛作对照。狗股骨穿皮质种植１、３、６个月后取材，行顶出试验，并对测试后的破坏断面行扫描电镜观察。结果发现：两种ＨＡ涂层种植体具有较好的生物力学性能，能在种植早期加速新骨形成、钙化，达到较高的界面结合强度；涂层种植体在顶出试验后，断裂发生在涂层材料内，而纯钛则发生在种植体一骨组织界面；涂层种植体的界面力学性能和烧结温度有关，ＨＡ２涂层种植体在各种植程期的界面结合强度均高于ＨＡ１涂层种植体。     

羟基磷灰石涂层种植体—骨界面的生物力学研究

本项研究选用氧化铝作为种植体基体．在850℃和1050℃下分别在其表面烧结羟基磷灰石(简称HA)．制成HA1和HA2涂层种植体．以纯钛作对照。狗股骨穿皮质种植1、3、6个月后取材，行顶出试验．并对测试后的破坏断面行扫描电镜观察。结果发现：两种HA涂层种植体具有较好的生物力学性能．能在种植早期加速新骨形成、钙化，达到较高的界面结合强度；涂层种植体在顶出试验后．断裂发生在涂层材料内，而纯钛则发生在种植体—骨组织界面；涂层种植体的界面力学性能和烧结温度有关．HA2涂层种植体在各种植程期的界面结合强度均高于HA1涂层种植体。     

改良喷砂表面处理提高钛牙种植体骨结合的界面生物力学研究

目的：研究改良喷砂表面处理对钛牙种植体骨界面剪切强度的影响。从界面生物力学角度证实改良喷砂表面处理在钛牙种植体中应用的可行性和应用价值。方法：将光滑表面钛种植体与改良喷砂表面种植体随机植入狗股骨内侧髁,分别于植入后2、4、12周取材,Instron电子拉伸试验机检测种植体骨界面的剪切强度。扫描电镜与X－射线能谱分析仪观察植入12周拔出的种植体表面,并进行元素分析。结果：改良喷砂表面组骨界面剪切强度明显高于光滑表面组,约高出4倍,且植入2周即已获得超出光滑表面组12周所能达到的最大强度。植入12周后拔出的改良喷砂表面种植体表面经扫描电镜观察与X－射线谱分析,提示种植体表面大部分被覆骨组织,粗糙表面的二级窝洞内充满骨样组织。结论：改良喷砂表面处理所获得的粗糙表面可以大大地提高牙种植体骨界面的结合强度。此类粗糙表面所特有的二级窝洞在这里起着重要作用。     

正畸支抗种植体骨整合与稳定性的实验研究

目的　考察正畸支抗种植体的骨整合与稳定性以及二者之间的关系。方法　将HA涂层钛种植体、钛浆喷涂钛种植体、未涂层钛种植体植入狗股骨 ,愈合期后施加 1 96N正畸力 2个月。测量施力后种植体的位置变化和种植体—骨界面的剪切结合强度 ,用扫描电镜观察界面。结果　 3种种植体位移分别为 (- 0 5 0± 1 78)mm、(- 0 0 5± 1 76 )mm、(0 2 9± 1 77)mm ,统计学分析结果显示 ,还不能认为 3种种植体出现移动。 3种种植体—骨界面的剪切结合强度分别是 (2 88± 0 5 5 )MPa、(1 89± 0 81)MPa和 (2 14± 0 49)MPa。HA涂层种植体与骨紧密结合 ,其界面结合强度最高 ;另外 2种种植体与骨的结合强度差异无显著性。结论　虽然HA涂层种植体与骨结合最牢固 ,但 3种种植体—骨界面均可形成骨整合 ,在常规正畸力作用下不会发生明显移动。本项研究结果表明 ,种植体可用作短期的正畸支抗。     

羟基磷灰石涂层—钛基牙种植体的动物植入实验

将５６枚等离子喷涂羟基磷灰石涂层－钛基牙种植体植入狗股骨干。分别在术后１、２、３、４个月时制取不脱钙标本切片，作组织学观察、显微Ｘ线摄影及计算机辅助植体－骨接触率测量。     

羟基磷灰石涂层钛种植支抗的稳定性

将羟基磷灰石涂层钛种植体处期植入狗颌骨，施以１５０ｇ的正畸力，通过口内及Ｘ线归咎测量，动态研究种植支抗在３个月内的稳定性。结果显示：判断种植支抗的移动应综合采用口内及通过Ｘ线归咎测量两种方法：ＨＡ涂层钛种植支抗的骨内段无移位，而基桩在受力后第２和第３个月倾斜移动。     

羟基磷灰石烧结涂层种植体和纯钛种植体的对比实验研究

将相同大小的ＨＡ１涂层种植体（涂层烧结温度８５０℃）、ＨＡ２涂层种植体（涂层烧结温度１０５０℃）和Ｔｉ种植体植入狗股骨１、３、６个月，行界面形态学，定量组织学及生物力学测试，结果发现：１、Ｔｉ种植体和涂层种植体均具有良好的生物相容性，能和骨组织形成良好的骨性结合，其中涂层种植体能在种植早期加速界面骨性结合的形成，界面强度高于纯钛。涂层种植体一骨组织界面受剪切破坏后，断裂面在涂层材料内，而Ｔｉ种植体     

柠檬精油对牙周致病菌抑制作用及其安全性初步研究

目的:探讨柠檬精油对牙周致病菌的体外抗菌活性及对细胞增殖的影响。方法:采用微量液体稀释法测定柠檬精油对Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC)及最小杀菌浓度(minimum bactericidal concentration,MBC);以较低浓度的MIC为标准稀释LEO作为实验组,采用MTT法测定柠檬精油对HUVECs的毒性作用,明确抑菌浓度下LEO的安全性。结果:柠檬精油对牙周主要致病菌均有抑菌作用,Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的MIC分别是9.0 g/L、4.5 g/L、4.5 g/L、9.0 g/L,Aa、Fn的 MBC是9.0 g/L,Pg、Pi的MBC未测得。1/2MIC、1/20MIC浓度的LEO能够抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长,而低于1/200MIC浓度的LEO则对人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长没有影响,其中1/200MIC浓度的LEO作用明显优于0.02%的CHX。结论:体外环境中,柠檬精油对牙周致病菌Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi具有抗菌活性,低浓度应用对机体相对安全。     

Oral cancer: molecular technologies for risk assessment and diagnosis

Purpose: The effective biomarkers related to diagnosis, metastasis, drug resistance and irradiation sensitivity of oral cancers will help the pathologist and oncologist to determine the molecular taxonomy diagnosis and design the individualization treatment for the patients with oral cancers.     

Stimulated whole saliva components in children with Down syndrome

The authors report on the components of stimulated whole saliva from children with Down syndrome—including pH, flow rate, sialic acid and protein concentrations, and amylase and peroxidase activity. Saliva samples were collected from 35 children aged 6–10 years. Of the participants, 17 had Down syndrome and 18 did not. To stimulate saliva production, the children chewed a piece of parafilm for 10 minutes before the sample was collected. Soon after collecting the saliva sample, the authors measured pH using a portable pH-meter. Sialic acid levels were determined with a thiobarbituric acid assay. Protein content was determined with Folin's phenol reagent. Amylase was assayed and the authors measured the maltose produced by the breakdown of starch and peroxidase using ortho-dianisidine.
No statistically significant difference was observed in levels of sialic acid (free and total) between the two groups. Protein concentration was about 36% higher in the group with Down syndrome. However, the salivary flow rate, pH, and amylase and peroxidase activities were lower among the children with Down syndrome.     

Computer-assisted planning for maxillofacial prosthodontic rehabilitation

Computerized tomography (CT) planning and the use of CT derived surgical templates for implant placement have shown promise for restoring function within months after surgical reconstruction of acquired post-oncologic defects.     

牙髓再生的研究现状

目前,根管治疗术在临床上已得到了广泛的应用并成功的保存了患牙,但其仍有许多术后并发症。随着组织工程技术在口腔领域的应用,构建一种组织工程化牙髓进行牙髓-牙本质复合体的再生治疗成为可能。近年来国内外已有很多关于牙髓再生的研究,并且已经取得了一定成果。本文将对目前国内外牙髓再生的研究进展现状作一综述。     

Effect of Pingyangmycin on human venous malformation endothelial cells

Purpose: Venous malformations are common vascular anomalies with a propensity of the head and neck. Intralesional injection of Pingyangmycin (PYM, bleomycin A5 hydrochloride) is a widely used sclerotherapy method for the treatment of venous malformation.     

Oropharyngeal dysphagia in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis alters quality of life

Dysphagia is one of the most important complications encountered in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Our aim was to determine whether oropharyngeal dysphagia impacted the quality of life (QoL) of patients with ALS. Thirty consecutive patients were recruited (31–82 years, 18 men). Swallowing function was evaluated using a standardised videofluoroscopic barium swallow. All the patients completed a specific questionnaire on quality of life in dysphagia (SWAL‐QoL) immediately after the videofluoroscopy. The results of dysphagia outcome severity scale separated 14 patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia and 16 with normal swallowing function. There was no difference in the average age, weight and body mass index of the two groups (dysphagic patients: 68 ± 11 kg versus non‐dysphagic patients: 69 ± 14 kg). Most of the dysphagic patients had a bulbar affection based on their Norris scores which determine the importance of cranial nerves illness (20 ± 8), significantly lower than those of the non‐dysphagic patients (35 ± 5) (P < 0·0001). There was no difference in the neurological peripheral symptoms evaluated by Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale scores (dysphagic patients: 26 ± 7 versus non‐dysphagic patients: 27 ± 8) (ns). The swallowing quality of life questionnaire revealed that the dysphagic patients had significant burden (P < 0·001). They were affected by the necessity to applied a food selection (P < 0·01), by the increase in eating duration (P < 0·05) and described a decrease in eating desire (P < 0·05). They complained of fear regarding the risk of dysphagia (P < 0·05). They also described difficulties with oral communication (P < 0·001). All of those complained about dysphagia which impacted directly mental health (P < 0·05) and social life (P < 0·05). In conclusion, oropharyngeal dysphagia is a common symptom accompanying ALS, which alters the patient's QoL, especially social health.     

拔牙位点保存用复合温敏凝胶的构建及体外表征

目的:制备多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合温敏凝胶,探讨其作为拔牙位点保存材料的理化性能。方法:采用原位沉积方法制备多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石(MWNT/ HA简称HAC)复合无机材料,将其分散至壳聚糖温敏凝胶中,制备壳聚糖/多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石(CS /MWNT/HA简称CS/HAC)复合温敏凝胶,以成胶时间、孔径、孔隙率、机械强度及降解性能为指标优化配方设计,并表征复合温敏凝胶的微观形貌及理化性能。结果:以10 g/L的HAC作为补强成分加入到壳聚糖溶液中,能够在不影响成胶并保证一定孔隙率(84%)的前提下,提高材料的机械性能(抗压强度0.441 MPa),所获复合温敏凝胶具有适宜的临床操作时间(12 min),并具有可控的降解速率。结论:负载HAC的复合温敏凝胶具有良好的成型性,并具有较好的机械性能,在拔牙位点保存领域具有良好的应用前景。     

Interventional neuroradiologic procedures in the head and neck

Interventional radiology and interventional neuroradiology are evolving specialties which can aid the head and neck surgeons in the clinical management of patients with complex vascular lesions.