伴动静脉畸形的股骨头缺血性坏死介入治疗

目的探讨伴动静脉畸形(arteriovenous malformations,AVM)的股骨头缺血性坏死(avascular necrosis ofthe femoral head,ANFH)介入治疗的疗效及安全性。资料与方法回顾性分析19支股骨头滋养动脉伴AVM发生在17例ANFH患者的介入治疗,即先行超选择栓塞AVM,然后超选择旋股内侧动脉、旋股外侧动脉及闭孔动脉等股骨头滋养动脉的主干和主要分支行介入溶栓术治疗股骨头缺血性坏死,评估此类患者的疗效和安全性。结果所有患者均成功行AVM栓塞和介入溶栓术治疗,成功率达100%,经临床3～48个月随访,并采用血管造影与临床症状改善及骨质改变等方面进行疗效判定。优良率100%,血管造影改善率100%,显示治疗后股骨头供应血管计数明显增多,股骨头染色区域增大。临床症状改善率100%,股骨头坏死区病灶稳定,见增生、硬化及囊变缩小。结论伴AVM的ANFH介入治疗安全、有效。     

介入栓塞治疗在骨与软组织肿瘤中的应用

目的 探讨介入在骨和软组织肿瘤临床治疗中的价值.方法 对28例经病理证实的骨与软组织肿瘤患者行选择性血管造影、动脉内灌注化疗和(或)栓塞治疗;观察治疗后临床、病理改变.结果 动脉灌注化疗和(或)栓塞治疗后23例疼痛缓解或消失;19例软组织消肿,肿瘤缩小;22例在介入治疗后1周内又接受手术治疗并经病理检查,显示瘤细胞不同程度变性、坏死、液化,以并用栓塞治疗者更为显著.肢体肿瘤患者66.4%(10/15)行保肢手术.结论 介入治疗是骨与软组织肿瘤的有效治疗方法,值得在临床上推广使用.     

脊髓血管畸形血管内栓塞治疗

目的　探讨经血管内治疗脊髓动静脉畸形 (AVM)的方法。方法　本组 4 1例脊髓AVM。3例用 3个 0真丝线段栓塞 ,14例采用干燥硬脑膜栓塞 ,16例采用PVA栓塞 ,8例采用α 氰基丙烯酸正丁酯 (NBCA)胶粘合剂经微导管超选择性栓塞。结果　病灶完全栓塞 2 7例 ,部分栓塞 14例 ,肢体瘫痪症状改善 36例 ,其中 5例症状未改善。平均随访 32个月 ,有 18例症状完全恢复正常 ,5例复发 ,无再出血发生。结论　血管内栓塞是治疗脊髓血管畸形的有效方法     

经动脉灌注聚桂醇治疗周围动静脉畸形2例

动静脉畸形(AVM)临床变异大,病变常呈弥散状生长,手术完全切除往往较为困难,有时甚至不可能。随着对AVM认识的深入以及介入放射学的发展,介入栓塞治疗已成为目前该病的首选治疗方法[1]。随访了2018年2例经动临床资料脉灌注聚桂醇治疗AVM患者,均取得较好效果。     

急性肢体动脉血栓的介入治疗

急性肢体动脉栓塞起病急 ,一旦发生 ,迅速引起肢体严重缺血 ,如不采取合理治疗 ,将导致肢体坏死。及时有效的介入治疗 ,对保全患者肢体意义重大。我院从 1 995年 4月至 1 999年 1 0月用介入治疗急性肢体动脉血栓 1 1例 ,效果显著 ,现报告如下。材料与方法一、临床资料患者 1 1例 ,男 7例 ,女 4例 ,年龄 36～ 60岁 ,起病至就诊时间 2 4ｈ～ 1个月不等 ,其中股动脉病变 7例 ,锁骨下动脉栓塞 2例 ,胫后动脉 2例。经彩超及血管造影示病变长度 1 .5～ 3.0ｃｍ ,平均长度 2 .5ｃｍ。临床表现均为患肢疼痛 ,且较剧烈 ,伴肢体发冷、麻木、苍白、感觉…     

Hunt-Hens V级颅内动脉瘤的早期介入栓塞治疗

目的 探讨早期介入栓塞治疗Hunt-HensⅤ级颅内动脉瘤的可行性.方法 回顾性分析2000年9月至2010年10月收治的31例Hunt-HensⅤ级颅内动脉瘤患者的临床资料和早期经血管内介入栓塞治疗的疗效.31例患者均在入院3 d内(其中19例24 h内)行介入治疗,动脉瘤直径2.7 ～ 12.7 mm.介入治疗后行...     

颅内椎动脉夹层动脉瘤介入治疗个体因素分析

目的 总结介入栓塞治疗颅内椎动脉夹层动脉瘤(IVADA)影像和临床效果,探讨个体化治疗策略.方法 回顾性分析2011年至2015年郑州大学第一附属医院分别采用单纯弹簧圈栓塞、夹层动脉瘤及载瘤动脉闭塞、支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞和覆膜支架植入术治疗的24例IVADA患者资料、治疗经过及临床疗效,探讨不同动脉瘤介入治疗时须考虑的个体化因素.结果 24例IVADA患者介入治疗均获成功:动脉瘤和载瘤动脉闭塞5例,弹簧圈栓塞动脉瘤1例,支架辅助弹栓塞动脉瘤16例,覆膜支架植入2例.术后临床随访平均11个月(5～29个月),所有患者症状明显减轻或消失,无新发出血.12例获脑血管造影随访,11例夹层动脉瘤不显影,1例复发,再次介入治疗.结论 介入栓塞术治疗IVADA安全有效,须结合夹层动脉瘤是否破裂及相关临床症状、是否位于优势侧椎动脉及对侧椎动脉情况、动脉瘤形态及是否累及小脑后下动脉制定个体化治疗方案.     

脑动静脉畸形合并动脉瘤的血管内治疗

目的　回顾性总结脑动静脉畸形 (AVM)合并动脉瘤的血管内治疗经验 ,探讨其治疗策略、治疗方法等。方法　分析 5 1例脑AVM合并动脉瘤患者脑血管造影所见 ,根据动脉瘤所处部位结合临床病史决定治疗策略 ,在全麻下采用不同栓塞材料和导管通常先针对动脉瘤进行血管内治疗 ,并有计划地消除剩余病灶。结果　 6例Willis环动脉瘤 ,已出血的 4例先栓塞动脉瘤后栓塞AVM ,2例随访 ;16例供血动脉动脉瘤 ,11例采用弹簧圈栓塞 ,4例直接用NBCA胶栓塞 (2例发生术中动脉瘤破裂并发症 ) ,1例用Onyx胶栓塞 ;2 9例畸形团内动脉瘤 2 8例用NBCA胶栓塞 ,1例用Onyx胶栓塞。 2 2例随访或 1～ 3个月 2次治疗时造影显示动脉瘤栓塞结果稳定。结论　从本组的经验来看 ,AVM血流相关的Willis环动脉瘤已出血者需先治疗 ,未出血者随访 ;供血动脉动脉瘤需先栓塞治疗后再在该供血动脉内注胶 ;畸形团内动脉瘤是栓塞该AVM时应先考虑栓塞的目标。     

髓内血管畸形的血管构筑学及栓塞治疗

目的：探讨髓内动静脉畸形（AVM）的血管构型、血管内栓塞的指征及栓塞治疗的效果。方法：15例患者均有不同程度的肢体瘫痪、感觉障碍、括约肌功能障碍行DSA检查和栓塞治疗。栓塞材料选用PVA颗粒及丝线段。结果：15例中,球型3例,幼稚型12例;球型AVM均为单支动脉供血;幼稚型AVM为多支动脉供血,其中7例为2支供血动脉,5例有3支以上供血动脉,2例伴有动静脉瘘（AVF）;15例患者经27例次栓塞治疗,根据栓塞前后脊髓功能评价,痊愈2例,显效3例,好转6例,4例无变化,无1例加重。经6个月－5年随访,症状较栓塞前改善者4例;栓塞后症状维持者2例;栓塞后症状再次反复者7例,再次行栓塞治疗;失得2例。结论：髓内AVM应栓塞畸形血管团,减轻静脉压力,减少出血机会;血管内栓塞治疗脊髓血管畸形是一种创伤小、安全性高、有效的治疗方法。     

消化道大出血外科术前介入治疗的策略和临床价值

目的 探讨消化道大出血外科术前进行介入治疗的临床价值,比较垂体后叶素灌注治疗和栓塞治疗2种介入方法的疗效和复发率.方法 1998年6月至2009年4月间,31例消化道大出血患者在我院接受手术治疗并于术前行介入治疗,根据患者造影情况,分别采用经动脉灌注垂体后叶素和经导管栓塞治疗.评价介入治疗的临床疗效和对手术的影响,比较2种不同介入治疗方法的止血率和复发率.计数资料采用Fisher精确概率法,统计软件使用SPSS11.0.结果 31例患者顺利完成介入治疗,垂体后叶素灌注组和栓塞组的术后止血率分别为69.2%(9/13)、94.4%(17/18),复发率分别为4/9、23.7%(4/17).31例患者介入治疗术后均顺利完成外科手术,其中择期手术20例,未出现手术和介入治疗相关严重并发症和死亡患者.结论 术前介入治疗能为消化道大出血患者提供的手术机会,使部分急症手术变为择期手术,从而降低了手术风险,值得临床推广.     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.