先天性泪囊瘘8例治疗分析

目的：探讨先天性泪囊瘘的治疗方法。方法：对8例（9只眼）先天性泪囊瘘患者行瘘管烧灼联合缝合术治疗。结果：6例患者一次成功,2例患者行再次手术,随访2．2月,全部成功。结论：瘘管烧灼联合缝合术是治疗先天泪囊瘘简单有效的方法。     

先天性泪囊瘘手术治疗体会

0引言先天性泪囊瘘是一种泪道发育异常,常开口于内眦角鼻下方。我院2006-01/2010-04共收治先天性泪囊瘘9例10眼,经手术治疗取得良好效果,现报道如下。1临床资料先天性泪囊瘘患者9例10眼中男3例,女6例,年龄6mo~10岁。双侧患者1例,单侧8例。9例的瘘口都位于内眦角鼻下方,皮肤表面可见一圆形细小直径约0.5mm大小的瘘道口,7例从生后自瘘口有水样分泌物外溢,2例有黏液样分泌物自瘘口外溢。术前均行常规眼部检查。经下泪小管冲洗泪道,见皮肤瘘管口有透明液体外溢。所有病例均于全身麻醉下行泪囊瘘管切除术。消毒术眼,术中沿瘘口旁1mm处环形切开皮肤,沿瘘管壁分离肌层约5~6mm长至瘘管根部,     

泪囊瘘管切除术治疗儿童先天性泪囊瘘

目的评估泪囊瘘管切除术治疗儿童先天性泪囊瘘的效果。方法回顾性分析我院2008年4月至2014年3月采用放大镜下泪囊瘘管切除术治疗的先天性泪囊瘘患儿62例。术后随访3~36个月。结果 62例中男39例,女23例,双眼2例,单眼60例,平均年龄4.5岁。所有患儿瘘管位于内眦部的下方与泪囊或泪总管相连。全部病例均治愈,治愈率为100%。1例术后发生急性泪囊炎,3例术后切口有缝线排异,所有病例术后均无疤痕,无其他并发症发生。结论先天性泪囊瘘可以通过泪囊瘘管切除术治愈。放大镜下泪囊瘘管切除术治疗儿童先天性泪囊瘘简便、安全、效果好。     

泪囊瘘探针定位手术法

泪囊瘘分先天性和后天性两种,先天性泪囊瘘是胚胎时面裂未能很好闭合,而后天性泪囊瘘多由急性泪囊炎脓肿破溃而致。以往对重症泪囊瘘的治疗多采用泪囊摘除术,泪道完整者,采用瘘管切除术。由于瘘管与周围组织多紧密粘连,术中瘘管分离困难,易误断瘿管造成残留,引起术后复发;对泪囊损伤较大;术后由于炎症反应而发生粘连,造成泪道阻塞等。笔者采用泪道插管辅以探针瘘管内支撑行瘘管切除术,治愈9例,现介绍如下:     

先天性泪囊瘘的治疗

先天性泪囊瘘的治疗连源市人民医院眼科梁和建先天性泪囊瘘少见，作者遇到４例，采用瘘管搔刮术，用口腔科拔髓针及１号根管扩大器，取得满意效果。方法：术前，用庆大霉素做泪道冲洗，从瘘口滴注入１％丁卡因，每５分钟一次，共３次。常规消毒，用拔髓针旋转进入瘘管，深...     

泪囊瘘管手术治疗的临床观察

目的 观察用鼻腔泪囊吻合术联合瘘管切除术治疗泪囊瘘管的效果.方法 泪囊瘘管10例（10眼）采用鼻腔泪囊吻合术联合瘘管切除术进行冶疗.术后随访6个月～2年.结果 6跟治愈,3眼好转.1例无效.结论 用鼻腔泪囊吻合术联合瘘管切除术治疗泪囊瘘管效果良好.     

儿童先天性泪囊瘘的处理

先天性泪囊瘘是一种罕见的发育异常。我们报告１３例（１３眼）先天性泪囊瘘的患儿，因有临床症状而治疗，年龄１／２－１２岁（平均５．８岁）。１３例患儿的症状都是出生后泪溢和瘘口有粘液外溢。４例单纯性泪囊瘘的患儿仅作瘘管切除术；另９例合并鼻泪管阻塞的泪囊瘘患儿，６例作鼻泪管探通术后症状消失，３例作瘘管切除联合鼻泪管探通术。术后症状消失，随访４－８８月（平均４８月）。我们认为对有症状的先天性泪囊瘘的患儿，瘘管切除或联合鼻泪管探通术是简单、方便而有效的处理方法。     

内窥镜下行鼻腔泪囊吻合术治疗泪囊瘘

泪囊瘘是由急慢性泪囊炎、泪囊囊肿或外伤感染等引起的泪囊、皮肤瘘。传统治疗大多采用泪囊或瘘道摘出式泪囊鼻腔吻合术 ,前者有溢泪 ,后者适应证及成功率不高。笔者自1997年 1月～ 2 0 0 0年 6月应用鼻内窥镜 ,经鼻腔行粘膜及泪囊切开、瘘管刮除治疗泪囊瘘 6 5例 (6 5眼 )。术后临床观察6～ 12个月 ,取得了满意疗效 ,现介绍如下。一、临床资料1.传统手术组 :1993～ 1996年患者 6 2例 (6 2眼 ) ,病程6～ 6 0个月 ,男 10例 ,女 5 0例 ,年龄 2 0～ 70岁。均有泪囊及皮肤溃破 ,瘘管形成 ,合并慢性感染。术前检查泪小点、泪小管无阻塞 ,泪囊无萎…     

瘘管切除联合泪囊鼻腔吻合术治疗泪囊瘘临床观察

目的探讨慢性泪囊炎合并泪囊瘘行泪囊瘘管切除联合泪囊鼻腔吻合术的临床疗效。方法对13例（13只眼）慢性泪囊炎合并泪囊瘘行瘘管切除联合低位泪囊鼻腔吻合术,切除瘘管后,泪囊侧切口采用内翻缝合,观察疗效。结果13例患者均无溢泪、溢脓,瘘管无复发,瘘管切除处皮肤愈合良好,皮肤瘢痕不明显,随访l～3年,无复发。结论泪囊瘘管切除联合泪囊鼻腔吻合术是治疗慢性泪囊炎合并泪囊瘘的有效方法。     

先天性泪道瘘临床特征的初步研究

目的总结先天性泪道瘘管临床特征。方法回顾性系列病例研究。收集2011年7月至2017年11月解放军总医院第三医学中心眼科泪器病中心接诊的27例(32只眼)先天性泪道瘘患者的临床资料, 分析患者性别、确诊年龄、患病眼别、家族史、全身情况, 眼科检查指标(瘘口位置、瘘口外观、泪道冲洗情况、CT泪道造影三维重建和泪道内窥镜检查结果)以及治疗、随访情况。结果 27例先天性泪道瘘患者中, 男女比例为1∶2。确诊年龄1～74岁, 中位数为32岁。单眼瘘管与双眼瘘管比例为4.4∶1(22/5), 单眼瘘管中左、右眼比例为1.2∶1(12/10)。27例就诊患者中22例为散发病例, 5例为家族性发病病例。经家系图谱分析显示先天性泪道瘘呈常染色体显性遗传表现。27例32只眼有泪道瘘管, 30只眼瘘管口位于内眦韧带下方泪囊区皮肤面, 1只眼瘘管口位于泪阜部;1只眼瘘管口位于内眦部结膜面。32只眼均有溢泪表现, 18只眼泪道冲洗可见冲洗液自瘘口流出, 伴脓性分泌物流出。4例行泪道内窥镜检查发现泪道瘘管开口于泪总管同时发现泪道内有结石。27例患者中有8例采取随访观察;3例行治疗性泪道冲洗;16例接受瘘管切除术...     

泪囊瘘摘除术治疗先天性泪囊瘘

目的：评估泪囊瘘摘除术治疗先天性泪囊瘘的效果。方法：24例（25眼）确诊为先天性泪囊瘘的儿童进行泪囊瘘摘除术，术后随访6－39月。结果：24例术后无一例出现泪溢症状，治愈率为100％。结论：先天性泪囊瘘可通过单纯泪囊瘘摘除术而治愈。     

泪囊瘘管切除联合泪道双硅胶管植入治疗慢性泪囊炎合并泪囊瘘管的疗效

目的：：探讨泪囊瘘管切除联合泪道双硅胶管植入治疗慢性泪囊炎合并泪囊瘘管的疗效。方法：回顾性分析25例25眼慢性泪囊炎合并泪囊瘘管患者,分为两组：双硅胶管组13例13眼行泪囊瘘管切除联合泪道双硅胶管植入术,传统组12例12眼行传统外路鼻腔泪囊吻合术,分析两组疗效。结果：双硅胶管组：治愈12例12眼,好转1例1眼,治愈率92.3%,有效率100%。传统吻合组：治愈11例11眼,有效1例1眼,治愈率91.7%,有效率100%,两组患者比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论：泪囊瘘管切除联合泪道双硅胶管植入治疗慢性泪囊炎并泪囊瘘管效果与传统外路鼻腔泪囊吻合术相当,但更微创、无面部瘢痕,可减少患者痛苦,满足患者美容的需求。     

Congenital lacrimal fistula

PURPOSE: Congenital lacrimal fistula is a rare abnormality of the lacrimal system. The patients may be asymptomatic but treatment of those with symptoms such as epiphora and dacryocystitis is still controversial. METHODS: The clinical findings, methods of surgical treatment and results were evaluated in seven patients (four male, three female) with congenital lacrimal fistula. Three were asymptomatic, types of surgical treatment were fistula excision with dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) (two cases), fistula excision with conjunctival DCR (one case) and closed fistula excision alone (one case). RESULTS: Three of the four patients who underwent surgery had relief of symptoms. The fistula recurred in the case that had undergone fistula excision alone. CONCLUSIONS: It is difficult to design controlled studies to detect which method is superior for the treatment of lacrimal fistula, considering the small number of cases in the literature. We recommend treating each case according to its own characteristics.     

泪道瘘管临床分析

目的 分析泪道(?)管的臨床特征和形成原因。方法 對13例泪道(?)管進行回顧性臨床分析。结果 13例泪道(?)管中10例為泪囊瘼,3例為泪小管(?),前者主要由先天、炎症和手術處理不當所致,治療可酌情予保守或手術治療;后者多由外傷引起,治療多用手術。結論 泪道(?)管少見,多為泪囊(?),主要與先天、感染、外傷和手術有關;治療以手術為主。     

Congenital lacrimal fistula associated with Down syndrome

Background

The aim of this work is to investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of congenital lacrimal fistula in Down syndrome patients.

Methods

The medical records of 198 Down syndrome patients who were referred to a tertiary ophthalmology clinic from 2000 to 2010 were retrospectively reviewed to identify patients with congenital lacrimal fistula. The demographic data, clinical features, clinical management, and clinical outcomes were recorded. The main outcome measures were the presence and laterality of fistula, accompanying adnexal and oculomotor abnormalities including congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO), the type of surgery performed, and surgical outcome. The prevalence of congenital lacrimal fistula in Down syndrome patients was calculated upon this data.

Results

Congenital lacrimal fistula was identified in 8/198 (4.04?%) patients, 4 (2.02?%) of whom presented with bilateral lacrimal fistula. All patients that had lacrimal fistula complained of tearing from their eyes. Congenital NLDO was observed in seven of eight patients with lacrimal fistula. Five patients underwent excision of the lacrimal fistula for the improvement of cosmesis, and three of these patients also underwent lacrimal silicone intubation for NLDO. Another patient received lacrimal silicone intubation for NLDO without excision of the lacrimal fistula. Excision of the lacrimal fistula was successful in all patients; however, tearing persisted after surgery in two patients with uncorrected NLDO.

Conclusions

Congenital lacrimal fistula occurs more frequently in Down syndrome patients and therefore these patients should be thoroughly examined for this abnormality. Down syndrome patients with congenital lacrimal fistula should be also examined for NLDO, because this condition is frequently observed in these patients.     

Congenital lacrimal sac fistula: intraoperative visualization by polyvinyl siloxane cast

We report the intraoperative use of polyvinyl siloxane impression material to demonstrate the anatomy of the lacrimal sac, canaliculi, and lacrimal duct in a case of congenital lacrimal sac fistula. A 1-week-old boy was examined for tearing since birth. Examination revealed a left congenital lacrimal sac fistula. After a failed surgery to close the fistula with silicone intubation at 6 months of age, the patient underwent endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy performed at 14 months of age, aided by intraoperative injection of polyvinyl siloxane (trade name Reprosil) to mark and protect the nasolacrimal sac and facilitate endonasal visualization. A polyvinyl siloxane cast demonstrated the anatomy of the accessory canaliculus causing nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Postoperatively, the epiphora resolved and the fistula remained closed. The polyvinyl siloxane cast provides a 3-dimensional "ex vivo " model of the lacrimal sac, upper duct, and canalicular anatomy, and can be used in dacryocystorhinostomy surgery to identify and protect the lacrimal sac.     

Recurrent Dacryocystitis and Lacrimocutaneous Fistula Caused by a Retained Griffiths’ Collar Button Stent

Abstract

A 42-year-old man presented with a white plastic-like material exposed in the left medial canthal area, with a fistula and purulent discharge. He had undergone endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy 7 years earlier for left eye epiphora; he had persistent postoperative epiphora and recurrent dacryocystitis despite multiple drainage attempts and antibiotics elsewhere. Computed tomography showed bilateral enlarged cystic lacrimal sacs, with a well-defined contoured tunnel-like hole at the center of the left sac. Treatment included excision of the foreign body, which was a Griffiths’ collar button nasolacrimal stent, excision of the fistula tract, and revision dacryocystorhinostomy with implantation of bicanalicular silicone stent. He recovered with no further symptoms or complications. This case highlights the importance of follow-up for removal of an implanted Griffiths’ stent after dacryocystorhinostomy. Patients with recurrent dacryocystitis may benefit from a detailed history of previous surgery, careful examination, and imaging to evaluate for endogenous and exogenous foreign bodies such as lacrimal sac calculi, and retained lacrimal sac stents.     

先天性鼻泪管阻塞不同年龄采用不同方法的治疗效果

目的探讨先天性鼻泪管阻塞根据不同年龄采用不同方法治疗效果。方法选取在本院接受治疗并有随诊记录的先天性鼻泪管阻塞的患儿97例（117眼）。根据年龄大小的不同而分别采取泪囊按摩、加压冲洗及泪道探通3种治疗方法并行疗效统计。结果年龄1～3个月患儿42例（52眼）,选用泪囊挤压按摩法,31眼治愈,占59．62％。4个月～1岁患儿34例（41眼）,选用加压冲洗法,一次治愈36眼,占87．80％。1～2岁患儿21例（24眼）,选用泪道探通法,一次治愈18眼,占75．00％。结论根据年龄大小,选择性采取泪囊挤压按摩、加压冲洗及泪道探通更为合理而有效治疗先天性鼻泪管阻塞。     

婴幼儿泪囊炎的治疗体会

目的:探讨婴幼儿泪囊炎的治疗方法并总结治疗效果。方法:回顾分析湘西州人民医院眼科诊断为婴幼儿泪囊炎的患儿180例252眼。平均首诊年龄为5.8月龄。联合采用泪囊区按摩、抗生素眼液、泪道冲洗及泪道探通法。随访2～12mo,以溢泪症状完全消失并泪道冲洗通畅作为治愈目标。结果:在180例252眼患儿中,共治愈224眼,治愈率88.89%,其中未经探通而治愈者54眼(21.43%),探通治愈者170眼(67.46%);1次探通即治愈者132眼(52.38%)。此外剖腹产患儿共126例(70%)。结论:婴幼儿泪囊炎多见于剖腹产患儿,早期有效的泪道探通联合泪囊区按摩及抗生素滴眼液是治疗婴幼儿泪囊炎的有效手段。     

泪囊鼻腔吻合术吻合方式选择的探讨

目的探讨泪囊鼻腔吻合术的吻合方式选择及手术技巧。方法通过对135例（152眼）慢性泪囊炎和单纯鼻泪管阻塞,术中根据泪囊的大小和泪囊与鼻黏膜距离分为3组,分别行3种不同的吻合方式。术后随访6—12个月,观察手术效果。结果治愈126眼（82．89％）,好转21眼（13．82％）,无效5眼（3．29％）。结论根据泪囊的大小和泪囊与鼻黏膜距离,选择泪囊鼻腔吻合术的吻合方式,更为合理有效。