The effect of artificial surfaces on blood coagulability,with special reference to polyethylene

1. The reaction to small pieces of polyethylene and lucite in the subcutaneoustissues of 30 rats was studied at intervals up to three months after insertion. Polyethylene was shown to compare favorably in respect to minimum tissue reaction,with the well-tolerated lucite.

2. A series of clotting times was performed in polyethylene, paraffin, collodionand glass tubes. The clotting time in polyethylene tubes was about twice as longas in glass, and nearly as long as in paraffin and collodion-lined tubes. These dataare similar to Hirschboeck’s findings for lucite tubes.

3. Clot retraction was found to be moderate and essentially similar in polyethylene, paraffin, and glass tubes. It was slight or absent in collodion tubes.

4. Capillary tubes of polyethylene were shown to repel water initially and thengradually to attract water over a period of days to a maximum height about one-half of that in glass tubes. Thus polyethylene follows Lampert’s rule, which statesthat the effect of a surface in delaying the coagulation of blood is proportional tothe capacity of that surface for repelling water.

Note: ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe authors wish to express appreciation to Drs. H. G. Saroff, J. Sendroy, Jr., J. L. Tullis, E. P.Cronkite, and Miss M. E. Tarver, for helpful advice and cooperation in these studies.

     

Adverse reactions to isoniazid on ingestion of fish with a high histamine content.

On eating preparations of a particular variety of fish, the skipjack (bonito), patients with tuberculosis on isoniazid repeatedly developed symptoms very similar to those of histamine poisoning. Skipjack was found to contain probably the highest concentration of histamine reported in fish. Isoniazid is a potent inhibitor of histaminase which normally plays an important role in the metabolism of histamine in the body. It is suggested that the symptoms seen in these patients were, in fact, due to histamine. In these circumstances the high histamine content of skipjack and the interference by isoniazid with the metabolism of the amine presumably play complementary roles in the production of histamine poisoning; each of these factors by itself is apparently inadequate to produce such intoxication. An analysis of the symptoms manifested by 21 patients is presented.